1
|
Van Nguyen T, Bořík A, Sims JL, Kouba A, Žlábek V, Koubová A. Toxicological effects of diclofenac on signal crayfish (Pacifastacus leniusculus) as related to weakly acidic and basic water pH. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2023; 265:106777. [PMID: 38035650 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2023.106777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
The widespread use and continuous discharge of pharmaceuticals to environmental waters can lead to potential toxicity to aquatic biota. Pharmaceuticals and their metabolites are often complex organic and environmentally persistent compounds that are bioactive at low doses. This study aimed to investigate the effects of diclofenac (DCF) on the antioxidant defence system and neurotoxicity biomarkers in signal crayfish (Pacifastacus leniusculus) under weakly acidic and basic conditions. Crayfish were exposed to 200 µg/L of DCF at pH 6 and 8 for 96 h and subsequently underwent the depuration phase for 96 h. Gills, hepatopancreas, and muscle were sampled after the exposure and depuration phases to assess the toxicological biomarker responses of DCF in crayfish by evaluating lipid peroxidation (LPO) levels, activities of antioxidant enzymes and acetylcholinesterase. After the exposure phase, the hemolymph DCF concentration was detected one order higher at pH 6 than at pH 8. The DCF was subsequently fully eliminated from the hemolymph during the depuration phase. Our results showed that DCF caused alteration in the activities of six of the seven tested biomarkers in at least one crayfish tissue. Although exposure to DCF caused imbalances in the detoxification system on multiple tissue levels, it was regenerated to a balanced state after the depuration phase. Integrated biomarker response (IBRv2) showed that the highest toxicological response to DCF exposure was elicited in the gills, whereas the hepatopancreas was the highest-responding tissue after the depuration phase. Exposure to DCF at pH 6 caused higher toxicological effects than at pH 8; however, crayfish antioxidant mechanisms recovered more quickly at pH 6 than at pH 8 after the depuration phase. Our results showed that water pH influenced the toxicological effects of DCF, an ionisable compound in crayfish.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tuyen Van Nguyen
- Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Zátiší 728/II, Vodňany CZ-389 25, Czech Republic
| | - Adam Bořík
- Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Zátiší 728/II, Vodňany CZ-389 25, Czech Republic
| | - Jaylen L Sims
- Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Zátiší 728/II, Vodňany CZ-389 25, Czech Republic; Department of Environmental Science, Center for Reservoir and Aquatic Systems Research, Baylor University, Waco, TX, USA
| | - Antonín Kouba
- Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Zátiší 728/II, Vodňany CZ-389 25, Czech Republic
| | - Vladimír Žlábek
- Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Zátiší 728/II, Vodňany CZ-389 25, Czech Republic
| | - Anna Koubová
- Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Zátiší 728/II, Vodňany CZ-389 25, Czech Republic.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Hu H, Li Y, Lu G, Wang WX, Li H, You J. Spatiotemporal trends of ultraviolet absorbents in oysters from the Pearl River Estuary, south China during 2015-2020. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 323:121298. [PMID: 36804145 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.121298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 02/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Ultraviolet absorbents (UVAs) are widely used in various industrial materials, pharmaceuticals, and personal care products, resulting in their frequent occurrences in sediment, water, and biota. However, our understanding of the spatiotemporal characteristics and long-term contamination status of UVAs is still limited. Here, a 6-year biomonitoring study with oysters during wet and dry seasons was conducted to examine the annual, seasonal, and spatial characteristics of UVAs in the Pearl River Estuary (PRE), China. The concentrations of Σ6UVA ranged from 9.1 to 119 (geometric mean ± standard deviation: 31 ± 22) ng/g dry wt. and peaked in 2018. Significant spatiotemporal variations in UVA contamination were observed. The concentrations of UVAs in oysters during the wet season were higher than the dry season, and concentrations in the more industrialized eastern coast were higher than the western coast (p < 0.05). Environmental factors, including precipitation, temperature, and salinity in water significantly impacted the UVA bioaccumulation in the oysters. The present study highlights that long-term biomonitoring with oysters provided valuable insight in the magnitude and seasonal variation of UVAs in this highly dynamic estuary.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hao Hu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 511443, China
| | - Yang Li
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 511443, China
| | - Guangyuan Lu
- Research Centre for the Oceans and Human Health, City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, 518057, China
| | - Wen-Xiong Wang
- Research Centre for the Oceans and Human Health, City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, 518057, China; School of Energy and Environment and State Key Laboratory of Marine Pollution, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Huizhen Li
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 511443, China.
| | - Jing You
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 511443, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Maculewicz J, Dołżonek J, Sharma L, Białk-Bielińska A, Stepnowski P, Pazdro K. Bioconcentration of imidazolium ionic liquids: In vivo evaluation in marine mussels Mytilus trossulus. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 858:159388. [PMID: 36240918 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.159388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Although imidazolium ionic liquids (ILs) are beginning to be used more widely in many industrial fields e.g., as reaction media, electrolytes, stationary phases in gas chromatography), there is still little information about their potential environmental fate. Among the uncertainties regarding the risks associated with these compounds, bioconcentration is one of the key issues, about which many doubts have been raised in recent years. While in vitro data suggest that permanently charged compounds can also bioconcentrate, conclusive evidence in the form of studies on organisms, at least for selected compounds, is needed. Therefore, the main objective of this work was to determine whether imidazolium cations of ILs, namely 1-methyl-3-octylimidazolium ([IM18]+) and 1-methyl-3-dodecylimidazolium ([IM1-12]+), can bioconcentrate in marine invertebrates tissues. During 21-day experiments, Mytilus trossulus mussels were exposed to these cations individually, at a concentration of 10 μg/L. In our study, it has been demonstrated for the first time during in vivo study, that long-chain imidazolium ionic liquids can bioconcentrate. The determined BCF value for [IM1-12]+ of 21,901 ± 3400 L/kg makes this compound to be considered highly bioaccumulative according to commonly accepted criteria. However, the obtained BCF for [IM18]+ (with the value below 100) suggests that this cation has little potential for bioconcentration. On the other hand, no salinity or anion influence on the bioconcentration of the tested cations was observed. Our tests also confirm that imidazolium ILs exhibit acute toxicity only at relatively high concentration levels, as LC50 reached 0.68 mg/L for [IM1-12][Br], and 11.66 mg/L for [IM18][C(CN)3]. This further confirms that the risks associated with the potential presence of these compounds in the environment should be attributed to their high persistence and potential bioconcentration, rather than acute toxicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jakub Maculewicz
- Department of Environmental Analysis, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdańsk, Wita Stwosza 63, 80-308 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Joanna Dołżonek
- Department of Environmental Analysis, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdańsk, Wita Stwosza 63, 80-308 Gdańsk, Poland.
| | - Lilianna Sharma
- Institute of Oceanology, Polish Academy of Sciences, ul. Powstańców Warszawy 55, 81-712 Sopot, Poland
| | - Anna Białk-Bielińska
- Department of Environmental Analysis, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdańsk, Wita Stwosza 63, 80-308 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Piotr Stepnowski
- Department of Environmental Analysis, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdańsk, Wita Stwosza 63, 80-308 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Ksenia Pazdro
- Institute of Oceanology, Polish Academy of Sciences, ul. Powstańców Warszawy 55, 81-712 Sopot, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Van Nguyen T, Bořík A, Velíšek J, Kouba A, Žlábek V, Koubová A. Integrated biomarker response in signal crayfish Pacifastacus leniusculus exposed to diphenhydramine. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 308:136382. [PMID: 36088977 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.136382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 09/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Diphenhydramine (DPH) is a pharmaceutical with multiple modes of action, primarily designed as an antihistamine therapeutic drug. Among antihistamines, DPH is a significant contaminant in the environment, frequently detected in surface waters, sediments, and tissues of aquatic biota. In the present study, signal crayfish Pacifastacus leniusculus was used as a model organism because of their prominent ecological roles in freshwater ecosystems. The biochemical effects were investigated in crayfish exposed to the environmental (low: 2 μg L-1), ten times elevated (medium: 20 μg L-1), and the sublethal (high: 200 μg L-1) nominal concentrations of DPH in water for 96 h. Lipid peroxidation, antioxidant enzyme activities, and acetylcholinesterase activity were assessed as toxicological biomarkers in crayfish hepatopancreas, gills, and muscles. Low and medium DPH exposure caused imbalances only in glutathione-like enzyme activities. Integrated biomarker response showed the absolute DPH toxicity effects on all tested tissues under high exposure. This study identified that high, short-term DPH exposure induced oxidative stress in crayfish on multiple tissue levels, with the most considerable extent in muscles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tuyen Van Nguyen
- University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Zátiší 728/II, CZ-389 25, Vodňany, Czech Republic
| | - Adam Bořík
- University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Zátiší 728/II, CZ-389 25, Vodňany, Czech Republic
| | - Josef Velíšek
- University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Zátiší 728/II, CZ-389 25, Vodňany, Czech Republic
| | - Antonín Kouba
- University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Zátiší 728/II, CZ-389 25, Vodňany, Czech Republic
| | - Vladimír Žlábek
- University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Zátiší 728/II, CZ-389 25, Vodňany, Czech Republic
| | - Anna Koubová
- University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Zátiší 728/II, CZ-389 25, Vodňany, Czech Republic.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Glover CN, Klaczek CE, Goss GG, Saari GN. Factors Affecting the Binding of Diltiazem to Rainbow Trout Plasma: Implications for the Risk Assessment of Pharmaceuticals in Aquatic Systems. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2022; 41:3125-3133. [PMID: 36177769 DOI: 10.1002/etc.5493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2022] [Revised: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The accumulation of organic toxicants in fish plasma, and how they partition between the bound and unbound fraction once absorbed, are important metrics in models that seek to predict the risk of such contaminants in aquatic settings. Rapid equilibrium dialysis of diltiazem, an ionizable weak base and important human pharmaceutical contaminant of freshwaters, was conducted with rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) plasma. The effect of fed state, fish sex, fish strain/size, and dialysis buffer pH on the binding of radiolabeled diltiazem (9 ng ml-1 ) was assessed. In fed fish, 24.6%-29.5% of diltiazem was free, unbound to plasma proteins. Although starvation of fish resulted in a decrease in plasma protein, the bound fraction of diltiazem remained relatively constant. Consequently, the protein-bound concentration of diltiazem increased with length of starvation. In general, rainbow trout strain was a significant factor affecting plasma binding, although the two strains tested also differed markedly in size. Dialysis buffer pH significantly influenced plasma binding, with a higher unbound diltiazem fraction at pH 6.8 than pH 8.0. These data indicate that empirical measures of plasma binding in fish are important for accurate risk assessment and that the physiological status of a fish is likely to impact its sensitivity to toxicants such as diltiazem. Environ Toxicol Chem 2022;41:3125-3133. © 2022 SETAC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chris N Glover
- Faculty of Science and Technology and Athabasca River Basin Research Institute, Athabasca University, Athabasca, Alberta, Canada
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Chantelle E Klaczek
- Faculty of Science and Technology and Athabasca River Basin Research Institute, Athabasca University, Athabasca, Alberta, Canada
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Greg G Goss
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Gavin N Saari
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
- Upper Midwest Environmental Science Center, United States Geological Survey, La Crosse, Wisconsin, USA
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Koubová A, Van Nguyen T, Grabicová K, Burkina V, Aydin FG, Grabic R, Nováková P, Švecová H, Lepič P, Fedorova G, Randák T, Žlábek V. Metabolome adaptation and oxidative stress response of common carp (Cyprinus carpio) to altered water pollution levels. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 303:119117. [PMID: 35276249 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.119117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Revised: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Treated wastewater ponds (TWPs) serve as recipients and passive tertiary treatment mediators for recycled water. These nutrient-rich habitats are increasingly utilised in aquaculture, nevertheless multiple loads of various contaminants with adverse effects on aquatic fauna, including fish, have been recorded. In the present study, we investigated the effects of fish transfer in response to altered levels of pollution on liver metabolic profiles and tissue-specific oxidative stress biomarkers during short- and long-term exposure. In a field experiment, common carp (Cyprinus carpio) originating in severely polluted TWP were restocked after one year to a reference pond with a background pollutant concentration typical of the regional river. In contrast, fish that originated in the reference pond were restocked to TWP. Fish were sampled 0, 7, 14, 60, and 180 days after restocking and fish liver, kidney, intestine, and gill tissues were subjected to biomarker analysis. Pharmaceutically active compounds (PhACs) and metabolic profiles were determined in fish liver using liquid chromatography high-resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS). Fish transferred from reference to polluted pond increased the antioxidant response and absorbed PhACs into metabolism within seven days. Fish liver metabolic profiles were shifted rapidly, but after 180 days to a lesser extent than profiles in fish already adapted in polluted water. Restocked fish from polluted to reference pond eliminated PhACs during the short phase within 14 days, and the highest antioxidant response accompanied the depuration process. Numerous elevated metabolic compounds persisted in such exposed fish for at least 60 days. The period of two weeks was suggested as sufficient for PhACs depuration, but more than two months after restocking is needed for fish to stabilise their metabolism. This study contributed to determining the safe handling with marketed fish commonly restocked to wastewaters and clarified that water pollution irreversibly altered fish metabolic profile.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Koubová
- University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Zátiší 728/II, CZ-389 25, Vodňany, Czech Republic.
| | - Tuyen Van Nguyen
- University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Zátiší 728/II, CZ-389 25, Vodňany, Czech Republic
| | - Kateřina Grabicová
- University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Zátiší 728/II, CZ-389 25, Vodňany, Czech Republic
| | - Viktoriia Burkina
- University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Zátiší 728/II, CZ-389 25, Vodňany, Czech Republic
| | - Farah Gönül Aydin
- University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Zátiší 728/II, CZ-389 25, Vodňany, Czech Republic; Ankara University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Diskapi, 06110, Altindag, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Roman Grabic
- University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Zátiší 728/II, CZ-389 25, Vodňany, Czech Republic
| | - Petra Nováková
- University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Zátiší 728/II, CZ-389 25, Vodňany, Czech Republic
| | - Helena Švecová
- University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Zátiší 728/II, CZ-389 25, Vodňany, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Lepič
- University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Zátiší 728/II, CZ-389 25, Vodňany, Czech Republic
| | - Ganna Fedorova
- University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Zátiší 728/II, CZ-389 25, Vodňany, Czech Republic
| | - Tomáš Randák
- University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Zátiší 728/II, CZ-389 25, Vodňany, Czech Republic
| | - Vladimír Žlábek
- University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Zátiší 728/II, CZ-389 25, Vodňany, Czech Republic
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Tang J, Zhang J, Su L, Jia Y, Yang Y. Bioavailability and trophic magnification of antibiotics in aquatic food webs of Pearl River, China: Influence of physicochemical characteristics and biotransformation. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 820:153285. [PMID: 35066051 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.153285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Revised: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Information on trophodynamics of antibiotics and subsequent relationships to antibiotic metabolism in river ecosystem is still unavailable, limiting the evaluation of their bioaccumulation and trophodynamics in aquatic food webs. In the present study, concentrations and relative abundance of 11 antibiotics were investigated in surface water, sediment and 22 aquatic taxa (e.g., fish, invertebrates and plankton) from Pearl River, South China. The logarithmic bioaccumulation factors (log BAFs) of antibiotics generally showed positive relationships with their log D (pH-adjusted log Kow), implying that their bioaccumulation of ionizable antibiotics depends on it is in an ionized form. Higher BAFs of antibiotics in benthic biota were observed than those in fish, indicating that sediment ingestion was a possible route of antibiotic exposure. The logarithmic biota-sediment accumulation factors (log BSAFs) of benthic biota increased when log D increased from -4.79 to -0.01, but declined thereafter. Trophodynamics of antibiotics was investigated, and intrinsic clearance were measured in liver microsomes of Tilapia zillii (trophic level [TL]: 2.5), Anabas testudineu (TL: 3.9), and Coilia grayi (TL: 5.0). Only ciprofloxacin (CFX) showed significant trophic magnification (Trophic Magnification Factor [TMF] = 1.95), and a higher metabolism rate in lower trophic levels suggest that metabolic biotransformation play a significant role in driving biomagnification of antibiotics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jinpeng Tang
- Research Center of Hydrobiology, Department of Ecology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, PR China; School of Ecology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China; Guangdong-Hongkong-Macau Joint Laboratory of Collaborative Innovation for Environmental Quality, Guangzhou 511443, PR China.
| | - Jinhua Zhang
- Research Center of Hydrobiology, Department of Ecology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, PR China
| | - Linhui Su
- Research Center of Hydrobiology, Department of Ecology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, PR China
| | - Yanyan Jia
- School of Ecology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China.
| | - Yang Yang
- Research Center of Hydrobiology, Department of Ecology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, PR China; Guangdong-Hongkong-Macau Joint Laboratory of Collaborative Innovation for Environmental Quality, Guangzhou 511443, PR China; Engineering Research Center of Tropical and Subtropical Aquatic Ecological Engineering, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou 510632, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Lari E, Burket SR, Steinkey D, Brooks BW, Pyle GG. Interaction of the Olfactory System of Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) with Diltiazem. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2022; 41:544-550. [PMID: 33463738 DOI: 10.1002/etc.4854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Diltiazem is ubiquitously prescribed and has been reported in many effluents and freshwater bodies. Being a calcium channel blocker, diltiazem could disrupt the function of the sensory and central nervous systems. In the present study, using electro-olfactography (EOG), we investigated the interaction of diltiazem with the olfactory sensory neurons (OSNs) of rainbow trout by looking into the detection threshold and effects of immediate (~5 min) and acute (24 h) exposure to diltiazem at 6.6, 66, and 660 µg/L. We also studied the accumulation of the drug in fish plasma and whole body. Brief exposure to diltiazem impaired the OSN response to a chemosensory stimulus in a concentration-dependent manner at 6.6 µg/L and higher, whereas OSNs exposed for 24 h only displayed an impairment at 660 µg/L. Chemical analysis showed that the accumulation of diltiazem in fish plasma and body correlated with the EOG response because it was 10 times higher in the group that displayed a significant impairment (660 µg/L) compared to the other 2 groups (6.6, 66 µg/L). This correlation suggests that the impact of diltiazem on OSNs might partially be through the accumulated molecules in the fish bloodstream. Fish did not detect diltiazem as a sensory stimulus even at concentrations as high as 660 µg/L; thus, fish could potentially swim toward or fail to escape harmful concentrations of diltiazem. Environ Toxicol Chem 2022;41:554-550. © 2020 SETAC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ebrahim Lari
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, Alberta, Canada
- Department of Cell & Systems Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - S Rebekah Burket
- Department of Environmental Science, Baylor University, Waco, Texas, USA
| | - Dylan Steinkey
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, Alberta, Canada
| | - Bryan W Brooks
- Department of Environmental Science, Baylor University, Waco, Texas, USA
| | - Greg G Pyle
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, Alberta, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Almeida Â, Calisto V, Esteves VI, Schneider RJ, Soares AMVM, Freitas R. Salinity-dependent impacts on the effects of antiepileptic and antihistaminic drugs in Ruditapes philippinarum. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 806:150369. [PMID: 34571231 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.150369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2021] [Revised: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In coastal systems, pollutants as pharmaceutical drugs exert changes from the molecular to the organism level in marine bivalves. Besides pollutants, coastal systems are prone to changes in environmental parameters, as the alteration of salinity values because of Climate Change. Together, these stressors (pharmaceutical drugs and salinity changes) can exert different threats than each stressor acting individually; for example, salinity can change the physical-chemical properties of the drugs and/or the sensitivity of the organisms to them. However, limited information is available on this subject, with variable results, and for this reason, this study aimed to evaluate the impacts of salinity changes (15, 25 and 35) on the effects of the antiepileptic carbamazepine (CBZ, 1 μg/L) and the antihistamine cetirizine (CTZ, 0.6 μg/L), when acting individually and combined (CBZ + CTZ), in the edible clam Ruditapes philippinarum. After 28 days of exposure, drugs concentrations, bioconcentration factors and biochemical parameters, related to clam's metabolic capacity and oxidative stress were evaluated. The results showed that clams under low salinity suffered more changes in metabolic, antioxidant and biotransformation activities, in comparison with the remaining salinities under study. However, limited impacts were observed when comparing drug effects at low salinity. Indeed, it seemed that CTZ and CBZ + CTZ, under high salinity (salinity 35) were the worst exposure conditions for the clams, since they caused higher levels of cellular damage. It stands out that salinity changes altered the impact of pharmaceutical drugs on marine bivalves.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ângela Almeida
- Biology Department & CESAM, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Vânia Calisto
- Chemistry Department & CESAM, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Valdemar I Esteves
- Chemistry Department & CESAM, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Rudolf J Schneider
- BAM Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing, Richard-Willstaetter -Str. 11, D-12489 Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Rosa Freitas
- Biology Department & CESAM, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Li Y, Lu G, Wang WX, Li H, You J. Temporal and spatial characteristics of PAHs in oysters from the Pearl River Estuary, China during 2015-2020. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 793:148495. [PMID: 34166900 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.148495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Revised: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Estuary connects the inland freshwater and open seawater, which may become a sink for pollutants from land-derived outflows, especially for persistent organic pollutants (e.g., polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, PAHs). Due to complex fluctuation in estuary, it's difficult to achieve a comprehensive assessment of the pollution characteristics by grabbed environmental samples. Oysters serve as efficient biomonitors of pollution status in highly dynamic and anthropogenically impacted estuaries, like the Pearl River Estuary (PRE), South China. Here, we investigated the annual, seasonal, and spatial variations of PAHs in the soft tissues of oysters from the PRE over the last six years (2015-2020) and quantitatively analyzed the influence of environmental factors on PAH occurrence in the oysters. The concentrations of Σ15PAH in oysters ranged from 74 to 1164 (337 ± 218) ng/g dry wt., with a peak occurrence in 2017. Highly seasonal and geographical variations in PAH pollution were documented in the PRE, with higher concentrations in oysters during the wet season than dry season, and in the eastern coast than western coast. Furthermore, geographical variation in PAH levels in the oysters was enhanced during the wet season, indicating a possible contribution of heavy rainfall flushing from the Pearl River. In addition to precipitation, water temperature and salinity also significantly influenced PAH levels in the oysters from the PRE by changing the bioavailability and biokinetics. Long-term biomonitoring using oysters in the current study reflected the pollution status and variation trends of PAHs in the highly dynamic PRE.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Li
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China
| | - Guangyuan Lu
- Research Centre for the Oceans and Human Health, City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen 518057, China
| | - Wen-Xiong Wang
- Research Centre for the Oceans and Human Health, City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen 518057, China; School of Energy and Environment and State Key Laboratory of Marine Pollution, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Huizhen Li
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China.
| | - Jing You
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Cerveny D, Fick J, Klaminder J, McCallum ES, Bertram MG, Castillo NA, Brodin T. Water temperature affects the biotransformation and accumulation of a psychoactive pharmaceutical and its metabolite in aquatic organisms. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2021; 155:106705. [PMID: 34139590 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2021.106705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Revised: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Pharmaceutically active compounds (PhACs) have been shown to accumulate in aquatic and riparian food-webs. Yet, our understanding of how temperature, a key environmental factor in nature, affects uptake, biotransformation, and the subsequent accumulation of PhACs in aquatic organisms is limited. In this study, we tested to what extent bioconcentration of an anxiolytic drugs (temazepam and oxazepam) is affected by two temperature regimes (10 and 20 °C) and how the temperature affects the temazepam biotransformation and subsequent accumulation of its metabolite (oxazepam) in aquatic organisms. We used European perch (Perca fluviatilis) and dragonfly larvae (Sympetrum sp.), which represent predator and prey species of high ecological relevance in food chains of boreal and temperate aquatic ecosystems. Experimental organisms were exposed to target pharmaceuticals at a range of concentrations (0.2-6 µg L-1) to study concentration dependent differences in bioconcentration and biotransformation. We found that the bioconcentration of temazepam in perch was significantly reduced at higher temperatures. Also, temperature had a strong effect on temazepam biotransformation in the fish, with the production and subsequent accumulation of its metabolite (oxazepam) being two-fold higher at 20 °C compared to 10 °C. In contrast, we found no temperature dependency for temazepam bioconcentration in dragonfly larvae and no detectable biotransformation of the parent compound that would result in measurable concentrations of oxazepam in this organism. Our results highlight that while organisms may share the same aquatic ecosystem, their exposure to PhACs may change differently across temperature gradients in the environment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D Cerveny
- Department of Wildlife, Fish, and Environmental Studies, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), Umea, Sweden; University of South Bohemia in Ceske Budejovice, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Zatisi 728/II, Vodnany, Czech Republic.
| | - J Fick
- Department of Chemistry, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - J Klaminder
- Department of Ecology and Environmental Science, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - E S McCallum
- Department of Wildlife, Fish, and Environmental Studies, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), Umea, Sweden
| | - M G Bertram
- Department of Wildlife, Fish, and Environmental Studies, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), Umea, Sweden
| | - N A Castillo
- Department of Earth and Environment, Institute of Environment, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA
| | - T Brodin
- Department of Wildlife, Fish, and Environmental Studies, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), Umea, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Development of a method for assessing the accumulation and metabolization of antidepressant drugs in zebrafish (Danio rerio) eleutheroembryos. Anal Bioanal Chem 2021; 413:5169-5179. [PMID: 34195876 PMCID: PMC8405463 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-021-03486-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Revised: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Antidepressant drugs are widely used for the treatment of common mental or other psychiatric disorders such as depression, which affect about 121 million people worldwide. This widespread use has contributed to the input of these pharmaceuticals and their metabolites into the environment. The aim of this work was to develop an analytical method to quantify the most widely used antidepressant drugs, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRI), and their main metabolites in the environment. For this, a new and reliable miniaturized extraction method based on dispersive SPE cleanup procedure for extraction of SSRI followed by derivatization with n-heptafluorobutyrylimidazole, and detection by GC-MS was developed. The methodology, including a first-order one-compartment model, was then applied to a bioconcentration study in zebrafish (Danio rerio) eleutheroembryos. The results showed low bioaccumulation of these compounds; however, a biotransformation evidence of the parent compounds into their metabolites was observed after 6 h of exposure. These results indicate the need to integrate metabolic transformation rates to fully model and understand the bioaccumulation patterns of SSRI and their metabolites. Graphical abstract ![]()
Collapse
|
13
|
Deere JR, Streets S, Jankowski MD, Ferrey M, Chenaux-Ibrahim Y, Convertino M, Isaac EJ, Phelps NBD, Primus A, Servadio JL, Singer RS, Travis DA, Moore S, Wolf TM. A chemical prioritization process: Applications to contaminants of emerging concern in freshwater ecosystems (Phase I). THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 772:146030. [PMID: 33676747 PMCID: PMC9255259 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.146030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Revised: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Contaminants of emerging concern (CECs), such as pharmaceuticals, personal care products, and hormones, are frequently found in aquatic ecosystems around the world. Information on sublethal effects from exposure to commonly detected concentrations of CECs is lacking and the limited availability of toxicity data makes it difficult to interpret the biological significance of occurrence data. However, the ability to evaluate the effects of CECs on aquatic ecosystems is growing in importance, as detection frequency increases. The goal of this study was to prioritize the chemical hazards of 117 CECs detected in subsistence species and freshwater ecosystems on the Grand Portage Indian Reservation and adjacent 1854 Ceded Territory in Minnesota, USA. To prioritize CECs for management actions, we adapted Minnesota Pollution Control Agency's Aquatic Toxicity Profiles framework, a tool for the rapid assessment of contaminants to cause adverse effects on aquatic life by incorporating chemical-specific information. This study aimed to 1) perform a rapid-screening assessment and prioritization of detected CECs based on their potential environmental hazard; 2) identify waterbodies in the study region that contain high priority CECs; and 3) inform future monitoring, assessment, and potential remediation in the study region. In water samples alone, 50 CECs were deemed high priority. Twenty-one CECs were high priority among sediment samples and seven CECs were high priority in fish samples. Azithromycin, DEET, diphenhydramine, fluoxetine, miconazole, and verapamil were high priority in all three media. Due to the presence of high priority CECs throughout the study region, we recommend future monitoring of particular CECs based on the prioritization method used here. We present an application of a chemical hazard prioritization process and identify areas where the framework may be adapted to meet the objectives of other management-related assessments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jessica R Deere
- University of Minnesota, College of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Veterinary Population Medicine, 1988 Fitch Avenue, St. Paul, MN 55108, United States.
| | - Summer Streets
- Minnesota Pollution Control Agency, 520 Lafayette Road, St. Paul, MN 55155, United States.
| | - Mark D Jankowski
- United States Environmental Protection Agency, Region 10, Seattle, WA 98101, United States; University of Minnesota, College of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Veterinary Population Medicine, 1988 Fitch Avenue, St. Paul, MN 55108, United States.
| | - Mark Ferrey
- Minnesota Pollution Control Agency, 520 Lafayette Road, St. Paul, MN 55155, United States; University of Minnesota, College of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Veterinary Population Medicine, 1988 Fitch Avenue, St. Paul, MN 55108, United States.
| | - Yvette Chenaux-Ibrahim
- Grand Portage Band of Lake Superior Chippewa, Biology and Environment, 27 Store Road, Grand Portage, MN 55605, United States.
| | - Matteo Convertino
- Hokkaido University, Graduate School of Information Science and Technology, Gi-CoRE Station for Big Data & Cybersecurity, Nexus Group, Kita 14, Nishi 9, Kita-ku, Room 11-11, 060-0814 Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan.
| | - E J Isaac
- Grand Portage Band of Lake Superior Chippewa, Biology and Environment, 27 Store Road, Grand Portage, MN 55605, United States.
| | - Nicholas B D Phelps
- University of Minnesota, College of Food, Agricultural and Natural Resource Sciences, Department of Fisheries, Wildlife and Conservation Biology, 2003 Upper Buford Circle, St. Paul, MN 55108, United States.
| | - Alexander Primus
- University of Minnesota, College of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Veterinary Population Medicine, 1988 Fitch Avenue, St. Paul, MN 55108, United States.
| | - Joseph L Servadio
- University of Minnesota, School of Public Health, Division of Environmental Health Sciences, 420 Delaware St SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455, United States.
| | - Randall S Singer
- University of Minnesota, College of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, 1971 Commonwealth Avenue, St. Paul, MN 55108, United States.
| | - Dominic A Travis
- University of Minnesota, College of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Veterinary Population Medicine, 1988 Fitch Avenue, St. Paul, MN 55108, United States.
| | - Seth Moore
- Grand Portage Band of Lake Superior Chippewa, Biology and Environment, 27 Store Road, Grand Portage, MN 55605, United States; University of Minnesota, College of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Veterinary Population Medicine, 1988 Fitch Avenue, St. Paul, MN 55108, United States.
| | - Tiffany M Wolf
- University of Minnesota, College of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Veterinary Population Medicine, 1988 Fitch Avenue, St. Paul, MN 55108, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Chang ED, Town RM, Owen SF, Hogstrand C, Bury NR. Effect of Water pH on the Uptake of Acidic (Ibuprofen) and Basic (Propranolol) Drugs in a Fish Gill Cell Culture Model. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2021; 55:6848-6856. [PMID: 33724810 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.0c06803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Water pH is predicted to affect the uptake of ionizable pharmaceuticals in fish. The current study used an in vitro primary fish gill cell culture system to assess the effect of pH values in the range of 4.5-8.75 on the uptake rates of the base propranolol (pKa 9.42) and the acid ibuprofen (pKa 4.59). The rate-limiting step in the uptake was the diffusive supply flux of the unionized form from the water to the apical membrane, with subsequent rapid transfer across the epithelium. Computed uptake rate based on the unionized fraction best described the uptake of propranolol and ibuprofen over the range of pH values 5-8 and 6-8.75, respectively. For ibuprofen, the computed uptake rate overestimated the uptake below pH 6 where the unionized fraction increased from 4% at pH 6 to 55% at pH 4.5. As the unionized fraction increased, the uptake rate plateaued suggesting a saturation of the transport process. For both drugs, large variations in the uptake occur with only small fluctuations in pH values. This occurs between pH values 6 and 8, which is the pH range acceptable in regulatory test guidelines and seen in most of our freshwaters.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elisabeth Dohmann Chang
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, King's College London, Franklin Wilkins Building, 150 Stamford Street, London SE1 9NH, United Kingdom
| | - Raewyn M Town
- Systemic Physiological and Ecotoxicological Research (SPHERE), Department of Biology, Universiteit Antwerpen, Groenenborgerlaan 171, Antwerpen 2020, Belgium
| | - Stewart F Owen
- AstraZeneca, Global Sustainability, Alderley Park, Macclesfield, Cheshire SK10 4TF, United Kingdom
| | - Christer Hogstrand
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, King's College London, Franklin Wilkins Building, 150 Stamford Street, London SE1 9NH, United Kingdom
| | - Nic R Bury
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, King's College London, Franklin Wilkins Building, 150 Stamford Street, London SE1 9NH, United Kingdom
- University of Suffolk, School of Engineering, Arts, Science and Technology, James Hehir Building, Suffolk Sustainability Institute, University Quays, Ipswich, Suffolk IP3 0AQ, United Kingdom
- Suffolk Sustainability, University of Suffolk, Waterfront Building, Neptune Quay, Ipswich IP4 1QJ, U.K
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Tong C, Li M, Tang Y, Zhao K. Genomic Signature of Shifts in Selection and Alkaline Adaptation in Highland Fish. Genome Biol Evol 2021; 13:evab086. [PMID: 33892511 PMCID: PMC8126726 DOI: 10.1093/gbe/evab086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding how organisms adapt to aquatic life at high altitude is fundamental in evolutionary biology. This objective has been addressed primarily related to hypoxia adaptation by recent comparative studies, whereas highland fish has also long suffered extreme alkaline environment, insight into the genomic basis of alkaline adaptation has rarely been provided. Here, we compared the genomes or transcriptomes of 15 fish species, including two alkaline tolerant highland fish species and their six alkaline intolerant relatives, three alkaline tolerant lowland fish species, and four alkaline intolerant species. We found putatively consistent patterns of molecular evolution in alkaline tolerant species in a large number of shared orthologs within highland and lowland fish taxa. Remarkably, we identified consistent signatures of accelerated evolution and positive selection in a set of shared genes associated with ion transport, apoptosis, immune response, and energy metabolisms in alkaline tolerant species within both highland and lowland fish taxa. This is one of the first comparative studies that began to elucidate the consistent genomic signature of alkaline adaptation shared by highland and lowland fish. This finding also highlights the adaptive molecular evolution changes that support fish adapting to extreme environments at high altitude.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chao Tong
- Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biota, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, China
- Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Miao Li
- Center for Advanced Retinal and Ocular Therapeutics, Scheie Eye Institute, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Yongtao Tang
- Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biota, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, China
- College of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Kai Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biota, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Almeida Â, Calisto V, Esteves VI, Schneider RJ, Figueira E, Soares AMVM, Freitas R. Can ocean warming alter sub-lethal effects of antiepileptic and antihistaminic pharmaceuticals in marine bivalves? AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2021; 230:105673. [PMID: 33221665 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2020.105673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2020] [Revised: 10/23/2020] [Accepted: 10/25/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The negative effects induced in marine organisms by Climate Change related abiotic factors consequences, namely ocean warming, are well-known. However, few works studied the combined impacts of ocean warming and contaminants, as pharmaceutical drugs. Carbamazepine (CBZ) and cetirizine (CTZ) occur in the marine environment, showing negative effects in marine organisms. This study aimed to evaluate the impacts of ocean warming on the effects of CBZ and CTZ, when acting individually and combined (drug vs drug), in the edible clam Ruditapes philippinarum. For that, drugs concentration, bioconcentration factors and biochemical parameters, related with clam's metabolic capacity and oxidative stress, were evaluated after 28 days exposure to environmentally relevant scenarios of these stressors. The results showed limited impacts of the drugs (single and combined) at control and warming condition. Indeed, it appeared that warming improved the oxidative status of contaminated clams (higher reduced to oxidized glutathione ratio, lower lipid peroxidation and protein carbonylation levels), especially when both drugs were combined. This may result from clam's defence mechanisms activation and reduced metabolic capacity that, respectively, increased elimination and limited production of reactive oxygen species. At low stress levels, defence mechanisms were not activated which resulted into oxidative stress. The present findings highlighted that under higher stress levels clams may be able to activate defence strategies that were sufficient to avoid cellular damages and loss of redox homeostasis. Nevertheless, low concentrations were tested in the present study and the observed responses may greatly change under increased pollution levels or temperatures. Further research on this topic is needed since marine heat waves are increasing in frequency and intensity and pollution levels of some pharmaceuticals are also increasing in coastal systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ângela Almeida
- Biology Department & CESAM, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Vânia Calisto
- Chemistry Department & CESAM, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Valdemar I Esteves
- Chemistry Department & CESAM, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Rudolf J Schneider
- BAM Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing, Richard-Willstaetter -Str. 11, D-12489, Berlin, Germany
| | - Etelvina Figueira
- Biology Department & CESAM, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Amadeu M V M Soares
- Biology Department & CESAM, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Rosa Freitas
- Biology Department & CESAM, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Grabicová K, Grabic R, Fedorova G, Vojs Staňová A, Bláha M, Randák T, Brooks BW, Žlábek V. Water reuse and aquaculture: Pharmaceutical bioaccumulation by fish during tertiary treatment in a wastewater stabilization pond. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2020; 267:115593. [PMID: 33254619 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.115593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Revised: 08/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
With increasing demand for aquaculture products, water reuse is likely to increase for aquaculture operations around the world. Herein, wastewater stabilization ponds (WSP) represents low cost and sustainable treatment technologies to reduce nutrients and various contaminants of emerging concern from effluent. In the present study, we examined bioaccumulation of selected pharmaceuticals from several therapeutic classes by two important fish species in aquaculture with different feeding preferences (Cyprinus carpio and Sander lucioperca) and their common prey to test whether species specific accumulation occurs. Forty and nineteen from 66 selected pharmaceuticals and their metabolites were positively found in water and sediment samples, respectively from the representative WSP. After a six-month study, which corresponds to aquaculture operations, fourteen pharmaceuticals and their metabolites were detected (at a frequency of higher than 50% of samples) in at least one fish tissue collected from the WSP. We observed striking differences for species and organ specific BAFs among study compounds. Though muscle tissues consistently accumulated lower levels of the target analytes, several substances were elevated in brain, liver and kidney tissues (e.g., sertraline) of both species. Low residual concentrations of these target analytes in aquaculture products (fish fillets) suggest WSPs are promising to support the water-food nexus in aquaculture.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kateřina Grabicová
- University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Zátiší 728/II, CZ-389 25, Vodňany, Czech Republic.
| | - Roman Grabic
- University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Zátiší 728/II, CZ-389 25, Vodňany, Czech Republic
| | - Ganna Fedorova
- University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Zátiší 728/II, CZ-389 25, Vodňany, Czech Republic
| | - Andrea Vojs Staňová
- University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Zátiší 728/II, CZ-389 25, Vodňany, Czech Republic; Comenius University in Bratislava, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Ilkovičova 6, SK-842 15, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Martin Bláha
- University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Zátiší 728/II, CZ-389 25, Vodňany, Czech Republic
| | - Tomáš Randák
- University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Zátiší 728/II, CZ-389 25, Vodňany, Czech Republic
| | - Bryan W Brooks
- University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Zátiší 728/II, CZ-389 25, Vodňany, Czech Republic; Department of Environmental Science, Institute of Biomedical Studies, Center for Reservoir and Aquatic Systems Research, Baylor University, Waco, TX, 76798, USA
| | - Vladimír Žlábek
- University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Zátiší 728/II, CZ-389 25, Vodňany, Czech Republic
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Tanoue R, Nozaki K, Nomiyama K, Kunisue T, Tanabe S. Rapid analysis of 65 pharmaceuticals and 7 personal care products in plasma and whole-body tissue samples of fish using acidic extraction, zirconia-coated silica cleanup, and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 2020; 1631:461586. [PMID: 33010711 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2020.461586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Revised: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The presence of pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) in aquatic systems has raised concern about their potential adverse effects on aquatic organisms. Considering the fact that the physiological/biological effects of PPCPs are triggered when their concentrations in the organism exceeds the respective threshold values, it is important to understand the bioconcentration and toxicokinetics of PPCPs in aquatic organisms. In the present study, we developed a convenient analytical method for the determination of 65 pharmaceuticals and 7 personal care products (log Kow = 0.14-6.04) in plasma and whole-body tissues of fish. The analytical method consists of ultrasound-assisted extraction in methanol/acetonitrile (1:1, v/v,) acidified with acetic acid-ammonium acetate buffer (pH 4), cleanup on a HybridSPE®-Phospholipid cartridge (zirconia-coated silica cartridge), and quantification with liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Acceptable accuracy (internal standard-corrected recovery: 70%-120%) and intra- and inter-day precision (coefficient of variation: <15%) were obtained for both plasma and whole-body tissue samples. In addition, low method detection limits were achieved for both plasma (0.0077 to 0.93 ng mL-1) and whole-body tissue (0.022 to 4.3 ng g - 1 wet weight), although the developed method is simple and fast - a batch of 24 samples can be prepared within 6 h, excluding the time for measurement with LC-MS/MS. The developed method was successfully applied to the analysis of PPCPs in plasma and whole-body tissue samples of fish collected in a treated wastewater-dominated stream, for a comprehensive evaluation of their bioconcentration properties. The analytical method developed in the present study is sufficiently accurate, sensitive, and rapid, and thus highly useful for the comprehensive evaluation of PPCP residues in fish and would aid in future exposome and risk assessment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rumi Tanoue
- Center for Marine Environmental Studies (CMES), Ehime University, 2-5 Bunkyo-cho, Matsuyama, Ehime 790-8577, Japan.
| | - Kazusa Nozaki
- Center for Marine Environmental Studies (CMES), Ehime University, 2-5 Bunkyo-cho, Matsuyama, Ehime 790-8577, Japan
| | - Kei Nomiyama
- Center for Marine Environmental Studies (CMES), Ehime University, 2-5 Bunkyo-cho, Matsuyama, Ehime 790-8577, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Kunisue
- Center for Marine Environmental Studies (CMES), Ehime University, 2-5 Bunkyo-cho, Matsuyama, Ehime 790-8577, Japan
| | - Shinsuke Tanabe
- Center for Marine Environmental Studies (CMES), Ehime University, 2-5 Bunkyo-cho, Matsuyama, Ehime 790-8577, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Sims JL, Burket SR, Franco ME, Lovin LM, Scarlett KR, Steenbeek R, Chambliss CK, Ashcroft C, Luers M, Lavado R, Brooks BW. Pharmaceutical uptake kinetics in rainbow trout: In situ bioaccumulation in an effluent-dominated river influenced by snowmelt. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 736:139603. [PMID: 32502782 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.139603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Revised: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Whether seasonal instream flow dynamics influence bioaccumulation of pharmaceuticals by fish is not well understood, specifically for urban lotic systems in semi-arid regions when flows are influenced by snowmelt. We examined uptake of select pharmaceuticals in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) caged in situ upstream and at incremental distances downstream (0.1, 1.4, 13 miles) from a municipal effluent discharge to East Canyon Creek in Park City, Utah, USA during summer and fall of 2018. Fish were sampled over 7-d to examine if uptake occurred, and to define uptake kinetics. Water and fish tissues were analyzed via isotope dilution liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. Several pharmaceuticals were consistently detected in water, fish tissue and plasma, including carbamazepine, diphenhydramine, diltiazem, and fluoxetine. Pharmaceutical levels in water ranged up to 151 ng/L for carbamazepine, whereas the effluent tracer sucralose was consistently observed at low μg/L levels. During both summer and fall experiments at each of three downstream locations from effluent discharge, rainbow trout rapidly accumulated these pharmaceuticals; tissue levels reached steady state conditions within 24-96 h. Spatial and temporal differences for pharmaceutical levels in rainbow trout directly corresponded with surface water exposure concentrations, and uptake kinetics for individual pharmaceuticals did not vary among sites or seasons. Such observations are consistent with recent laboratory bioconcentration studies, which collectively indicate inhalational exposure from water governs rapid accumulation of ionizable base pharmaceuticals by fish in inland surface waters.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jaylen L Sims
- Department of Environmental Science, Center for Reservoir and Aquatic Systems Research, Baylor University, Waco, TX, USA; Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Center for Reservoir and Aquatic Systems Research, Baylor University, Waco, TX, USA
| | - S Rebekah Burket
- Department of Environmental Science, Center for Reservoir and Aquatic Systems Research, Baylor University, Waco, TX, USA
| | - Marco E Franco
- Department of Environmental Science, Center for Reservoir and Aquatic Systems Research, Baylor University, Waco, TX, USA
| | - Lea M Lovin
- Department of Environmental Science, Center for Reservoir and Aquatic Systems Research, Baylor University, Waco, TX, USA
| | - Kendall R Scarlett
- Department of Environmental Science, Center for Reservoir and Aquatic Systems Research, Baylor University, Waco, TX, USA
| | - Ruud Steenbeek
- Department of Environmental Science, Center for Reservoir and Aquatic Systems Research, Baylor University, Waco, TX, USA
| | - C Kevin Chambliss
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Center for Reservoir and Aquatic Systems Research, Baylor University, Waco, TX, USA
| | | | - Michael Luers
- Snyderville Basin Water Reclamation District, Park City, UT, USA
| | - Ramon Lavado
- Department of Environmental Science, Center for Reservoir and Aquatic Systems Research, Baylor University, Waco, TX, USA
| | - Bryan W Brooks
- Department of Environmental Science, Center for Reservoir and Aquatic Systems Research, Baylor University, Waco, TX, USA; School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Grabicová K, Grabic R, Fedorova G, Kolářová J, Turek J, Brooks BW, Randák T. Psychoactive pharmaceuticals in aquatic systems: A comparative assessment of environmental monitoring approaches for water and fish. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2020; 261:114150. [PMID: 32062094 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.114150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2019] [Revised: 02/06/2020] [Accepted: 02/06/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Environmental monitoring and surveillance studies of pharmaceuticals routinely examine occurrence of substances without current information on human consumption patterns. We selected 10 streams with diverse annual flows and differentially influenced by population densities to examine surface water occurrence and fish accumulation of select psychoactive medicines, for which consumption is increasing in the Czech Republic. We then tested whether passive sampling can provide a useful surrogate for exposure to these substances through grab sampling, body burdens of young of year fish, and tissue specific accumulation of these psychoactive contaminants. We identified a statistically significant (p < 0.05) relationship between ambient grab samples and passive samplers in these streams when psychoactive contaminants were commonly quantitated by targeted liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry, though we did not observe relationships between passive samplers and tissue specific pharmaceutical accumulation. We further observed smaller lotic systems with elevated contamination when municipal effluent discharges from more highly populated cities contributed a greater extent of instream flows. These findings identify the importance of understanding age and species specific differences in fish uptake, internal disposition, metabolism and elimination of psychoactive drugs across surface water quality gradients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kateřina Grabicová
- University of South Bohemia in Ceske Budejovice, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Zatisi 728/II, CZ-389 25, Vodnany, Czech Republic.
| | - Roman Grabic
- University of South Bohemia in Ceske Budejovice, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Zatisi 728/II, CZ-389 25, Vodnany, Czech Republic
| | - Ganna Fedorova
- University of South Bohemia in Ceske Budejovice, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Zatisi 728/II, CZ-389 25, Vodnany, Czech Republic
| | - Jitka Kolářová
- University of South Bohemia in Ceske Budejovice, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Zatisi 728/II, CZ-389 25, Vodnany, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Turek
- University of South Bohemia in Ceske Budejovice, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Zatisi 728/II, CZ-389 25, Vodnany, Czech Republic
| | - Bryan W Brooks
- University of South Bohemia in Ceske Budejovice, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Zatisi 728/II, CZ-389 25, Vodnany, Czech Republic; Department of Environmental Science, Institute of Biomedical Studies, Center for Reservoir and Aquatic Systems Research, Baylor University, Waco, TX, 76798, USA
| | - Tomáš Randák
- University of South Bohemia in Ceske Budejovice, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Zatisi 728/II, CZ-389 25, Vodnany, Czech Republic
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Saari GN, Haddad SP, Mole RM, Hill BN, Steele WB, Lovin LM, Chambliss CK, Brooks BW. Low dissolved oxygen increases uptake of a model calcium channel blocker and alters its effects on adult Pimephales promelas. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2020; 231:108719. [PMID: 31987992 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2020.108719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2019] [Revised: 01/18/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Human population growth accompanied with urbanization is urbanizing the water cycle in many regions. Urban watersheds, particularly with limited upstream dilution of effluent discharges, represent worst case scenarios for exposure to multiple environmental stressors, including down the drain chemicals (e.g., pharmaceuticals) and other stressors (e.g., dissolved oxygen (DO)). We recently identified the calcium channel blocker diltiazem (DZM) to accumulate in fish plasma exceeding human therapeutic doses (e.g., Cmin) in coastal estuaries impaired due to nonattainment of DO water quality standards. Thus, we examined whether DO influences DZM uptake by fish, and if changes in DO-dependent upatke alter fish physiological and biochemical responses. Low DO (3.0 mg DO/L) approximately doubled diltiazem uptake in adult fathead minnows relative to normoxic (8.2 mg DO/L) conditions and were associated with significant (p < 0.05) increases in fish ventilation rate at low DO levels. Decreased burst swim performance (Uburst) of adult fathead minnows were significantly (p < 0.05) altered by low versus normal DO levels. DO × DZM studies reduced Uburst by 13-31% from controls, though not significantly (p = 0.06). Physiological responses in fish exposed to DZM alone were minimal; however, in co-exposure with low DO, decreasing trends in Uburst appeared inversely related to plasma lactate levels. Such physiological responses to multiple stressors, when paired with internal tissue concentrations, identify the utility of employing biological read across approaches to identify adverse outcomes of heart medications and potentially other cardiotoxicants impacting fish cardiovascular function across DO gradients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gavin N Saari
- Department of Environmental Science, Baylor University, Waco, TX, USA; Center for Reservoir and Aquatic Systems Research, Baylor University, Waco, TX, USA
| | - Samuel P Haddad
- Department of Environmental Science, Baylor University, Waco, TX, USA; Center for Reservoir and Aquatic Systems Research, Baylor University, Waco, TX, USA
| | - Rachel M Mole
- Department of Environmental Science, Baylor University, Waco, TX, USA; Center for Reservoir and Aquatic Systems Research, Baylor University, Waco, TX, USA
| | - Bridgett N Hill
- Department of Environmental Science, Baylor University, Waco, TX, USA; Center for Reservoir and Aquatic Systems Research, Baylor University, Waco, TX, USA
| | - W Baylor Steele
- Department of Environmental Science, Baylor University, Waco, TX, USA; Center for Reservoir and Aquatic Systems Research, Baylor University, Waco, TX, USA; Institute of Biomedical Studies, Baylor University, Waco, TX, USA
| | - Lea M Lovin
- Department of Environmental Science, Baylor University, Waco, TX, USA; Center for Reservoir and Aquatic Systems Research, Baylor University, Waco, TX, USA
| | - C Kevin Chambliss
- Center for Reservoir and Aquatic Systems Research, Baylor University, Waco, TX, USA; Department of Chemistry, Baylor University, Waco, TX, USA
| | - Bryan W Brooks
- Department of Environmental Science, Baylor University, Waco, TX, USA; Center for Reservoir and Aquatic Systems Research, Baylor University, Waco, TX, USA; Institute of Biomedical Studies, Baylor University, Waco, TX, USA; School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Kierkegaard A, Chen C, Armitage JM, Arnot JA, Droge S, McLachlan MS. Tissue Distribution of Several Series of Cationic Surfactants in Rainbow Trout ( Oncorhynchus mykiss) Following Exposure via Water. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2020; 54:4190-4199. [PMID: 32062967 PMCID: PMC7343282 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.9b07600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2019] [Revised: 01/31/2020] [Accepted: 02/16/2020] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Bioaccumulation assessment is important for cationic surfactants in light of their use in a wide variety of consumer products and industrial processes. Because they sorb strongly to natural surfaces and to cell membranes, their bioaccumulation behavior is expected to differ from other classes of chemicals. Divided over two mixtures, we exposed rainbow trout to water containing 10 alkyl amines and 2 quaternary alkylammonium surfactants for 7 days, analyzed different fish tissues for surfactant residues, and calculated the tissues' contribution to fish body burden. Mucus, skin, gills, liver, and muscle each contributed at least 10% of body burden for the majority of the test chemicals. This indicates that both sorption to external surfaces and systemic uptake contribute to bioaccumulation. In contrast to the analogue alkylamine bases, the permanently charged quaternary ammonium compounds accumulated mostly in the gills and were nearly absent in internal tissues, indicating that systemic uptake of the charged form of cationic surfactants is very slow. Muscle-blood distribution coefficients were close to 1 for all alkyl amines, whereas liver-blood distribution coefficients ranged from 13 to 90, suggesting that the dominant considerations for sorption in liver are different from those in blood and muscle. The significant fraction of body burden on external surfaces can have consequences for bioaccumulation assessment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amelie Kierkegaard
- Department
of Environmental Science and Analytical Chemistry, Stockholm University, SE-106
91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Chang’er Chen
- Department
of Environmental Science and Analytical Chemistry, Stockholm University, SE-106
91 Stockholm, Sweden
- Environmental
Research Institute, School of Environment, Guangdong Provincial Key
Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE
Key Laboratory of Environmental Theoretical Chemistry, South China Normal University, 510006 Guangzhou, China
| | | | - Jon A. Arnot
- ARC
Arnot Research and Consulting, M4M-1W4 Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department
of Physical and Environmental Sciences, University of Toronto, Scarborough, M1C 1A4 Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Steven Droge
- Institute
for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics (IBED), University of Amsterdam, 1098 XH Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Michael S. McLachlan
- Department
of Environmental Science and Analytical Chemistry, Stockholm University, SE-106
91 Stockholm, Sweden
- E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Mole RA, Brooks BW. Global scanning of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors: occurrence, wastewater treatment and hazards in aquatic systems. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2019; 250:1019-1031. [PMID: 31085468 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.04.118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2018] [Revised: 04/25/2019] [Accepted: 04/25/2019] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
As the global population becomes more concentrated in urban areas, resource consumption, including access to pharmaceuticals, is increasing and chemical use is also increasingly concentrated. Unfortunately, implementation of waste management systems and wastewater treatment infrastructure is not yet meeting these global megatrends. Herein, pharmaceuticals are indicators of an urbanizing water cycle; antidepressants are among the most commonly studied classes of these contaminants of emerging concern. In the present study, we performed a unique global hazard assessment of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) in water matrices across geographic regions and for common wastewater treatment technologies. SSRIs in the environment have primarily been reported from Europe (50%) followed by North America (38%) and Asia-Pacific (10%). Minimal to no monitoring data exists for many developing regions of the world, including Africa and South America. From probabilistic environmental exposure distributions, 5th and 95th percentiles for all SSRIs across all geographic regions were 2.31 and 3022.1 ng/L for influent, 5.3 and 841.6 ng/L for effluent, 0.8 and 127.7 ng/L for freshwater, and 0.5 and 22.3 ng/L for coastal and marine systems, respectively. To estimate the potential hazards of SSRIs in the aquatic environment, percent exceedances of therapeutic hazard values of specific SSRIs, without recommended safety factors, were identified within and among geographic regions. For influent sewage and wastewater effluents, sertraline exceedances were observed 49% and 29% of the time, respectively, demonstrating the need to better understand emerging water quality hazards of SSRIs in urban freshwater and coastal ecosystems. This unique global review and analysis identified regions where more monitoring is necessary, and compounds requiring toxicological attention, particularly with increasing aquatic reports of behavioral perturbations elicited by SSRIs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rachel A Mole
- Department of Environmental Science, Center for Reservoir and Aquatic Systems Research, Baylor University, Waco, TX, USA
| | - Bryan W Brooks
- Department of Environmental Science, Center for Reservoir and Aquatic Systems Research, Baylor University, Waco, TX, USA; Institute of Biomedical Studies, Baylor University, Waco, TX, USA; School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.
| |
Collapse
|