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Wenninger EJ, Rashed A. Biology, Ecology, and Management of the Potato Psyllid, Bactericera cockerelli (Hemiptera: Triozidae), and Zebra Chip Disease in Potato. ANNUAL REVIEW OF ENTOMOLOGY 2024; 69:139-157. [PMID: 37616600 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-ento-020123-014734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
The potato psyllid, Bactericera cockerelli (Šulc) (Hemiptera: Triozidae), transmits the pathogen "Candidatus liberibacter solanacearum" (Lso), the putative causal agent of zebra chip disease (ZC). ZC is a disease of potato that reduces yield and quality and has disrupted integrated pest management programs in parts of the Americas and New Zealand. Advances in our understanding of the ecological factors that influence ZC epidemiology have been accelerated by the relatively recent identification of Lso and motivated by the steady increase in ZC distribution and the potential for devastating economic losses on a global scale. Management of ZC remains heavily reliant upon insecticides, which is not sustainable from the standpoint of insecticide resistance, nontarget effects on natural enemies, and regulations that may limit such tools. This review synthesizes the literature on potato psyllids and ZC, outlining recent progress, identifying knowledge gaps, and proposing avenues for further research on this important pathosystem of potatoes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erik J Wenninger
- Department of Entomology, Plant Pathology and Nematology, Kimberly Research & Extension Center, University of Idaho, Kimberly, Idaho, USA;
| | - Arash Rashed
- Department of Entomology, Southern Piedmont Agricultural Research & Extension Center, Virginia Tech, Blackstone, Virginia, USA;
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Physiological and Biochemical Variations in Celery by Imidacloprid and Fenpyroximate. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/app12094306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
Pesticides are one of the abiotic stresses that have had an impact on the quality of agricultural products, especially in China. This study was the first to explore the soluble protein (SP) accumulation, peroxidase (POD) activity, and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity variations in the stem and leaf of celery plants in the field after 2 h, 1, 3, 5, 8, 10, 14, 21, 28-day of spraying imidacloprid (IMI) and fenpyroximate (FEN) at various doses. The findings demonstrated that there was no notable difference in ultimate residues between 1 F and 10 F, and even with the 10 F treatment, the residues were not a concern. The SP accumulation alterations were mainly provoked by residues, which dramatically boosted in stem and eventually declined in leaf. The POD activity in celery was a dynamic process with a marked shift (enhanced and declined) when compared with non-pesticide treatment after 28 days. The field trial exhibited that the SOD was principally positioned in leaf whether pesticides were applied or not, which might be due to the distinctive structure of the celery leaf compared with the stem. No obvious linear relation between application dose and SOD activity was observed.
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Tiwari VK, Yadav MS, Singh SK, Agrahari AK, Singh AS. N-Acylbenzotriazoles as Proficient Substrates for an Easy Access to Ureas, Acylureas, Carbamates, and Thiocarbamates via Curtius Rearrangement Using Diphenylphosphoryl Azide (DPPA) as Azide Donor. SYNTHESIS-STUTTGART 2021. [DOI: 10.1055/a-1399-3823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
AbstractA diverse range of ureas, N-acylureas, carbamates, and thiocarbamates has been synthesized in good to excellent yields by reacting N-acylbenzotriazoles individually with amines or amides or phenols or thiols in the presence of diphenylphosphoryl azide (DPPA) as a suitable azide donor in anhydrous toluene at 110 °C for 3–4 hours. In this route, DPPA was found to be a good alternative to trimethylsilyl azide and sodium azide for the azide donor in Curtius degradation. The high reaction yields, one-pot and metal-free conditions, straightforward nature, easy handling, use of readily available reagents, and in many cases avoidance of column chromatography are the notable features of the devised protocol.
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Pasini RA, Rakes M, Castilhos RV, Silva de Armas F, de Bastos Pazini J, Zantedeschi R, Grützmacher AD. Residual action of five insecticides on larvae and adults of the neotropical predators Chrysoperla externa (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae) and Eriopis connexa (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae). ECOTOXICOLOGY (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2021; 30:44-56. [PMID: 33244676 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-020-02314-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
This work aimed to evaluate the residual action of five insecticides on larvae and adults of the predators Chrysoperla externa (Hagen) and Eriopis connexa (Germar). The insecticides gamma-cyhalothrin, imidacloprid+beta-cyfluthrin, methomyl, thiamethoxam, and thiamethoxam+lambda-cyhalothrin were sprayed in pod bean plants until the point of runoff. Weekly, at 3, 10, 17, 24, and 31 days, first instar larvae and adults of both predators were exposed to leaves containing dry residues of the insecticides. Based on the mortality observed throughout the bioassays, the insecticides were classified according to the scale of the residual effects proposed by the International Organization for Biological and Integrated Control (IOBC). Except for thiamethoxam+lambda-cyhalothrin, which was moderately persistent (class 3) to larvae of C. externa and E. connexa, all other tested insecticides were persistent (class 4) to larvae of both species. Gamma-cyhalothrin, imidacloprid + beta-cyfluthrin, and methomyl were persistent (class 4) to C. externa adults, while thiamethoxam was moderately persistent (class 3) and thiamethoxam + lambda-cyhalothrin was slightly persistent (class 2) to the adult stage. As for E. connexa adults, imidacloprid + beta-cyfluthrin and methomyl were persistent (class 4) and gamma-cyhalothrin, thiamethoxam, and thiamethoxam + lambda-cyhalothrin were moderately persistent (class 3). Thus, due to extended residual effect, these insecticides must be avoided when larvae and adults of both predators are active in the crop.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Matheus Rakes
- Department of Plant Protection, Federal University of Pelotas (UFPel), Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Rodolfo Vargas Castilhos
- Agricultural Research and Rural Extension Company of Santa Catarina (EPAGRI), Chapecó, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Franciele Silva de Armas
- Department of Plant Protection, Federal University of Pelotas (UFPel), Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Juliano de Bastos Pazini
- Department of Plant Protection, Federal University of Pelotas (UFPel), Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Ronaldo Zantedeschi
- Department of Plant Protection, Federal University of Pelotas (UFPel), Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
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Farias ES, Santos AA, Carmo DG, Melo JB, Picanço MC. Lethal and antifeedant effects of Bordeaux mixture on the marsh slug ( Deroceras laeve). JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH. PART. B, PESTICIDES, FOOD CONTAMINANTS, AND AGRICULTURAL WASTES 2020; 56:117-121. [PMID: 33378228 DOI: 10.1080/03601234.2020.1852851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The marsh slug, Deroceras laeve (Müller), is a generalist pest of agricultural crops. Slugs are mainly managed with synthetic pesticides that can also have high toxicity toward vertebrates and nontarget arthropods. Besides, they are not labeled for use in organic crop systems. Bordeaux mixture (BM) is an alternative product often used in organic crops for controlling plant diseases. The molluscicidal activity of BM has been reported; however, to our knowledge, no study has determined its efficacy to control D. laeve. This study aimed to determine the lethal (concentration- and time-mortality curves, and foliar persistence) and antifeedant (reduction in leaf consumption) effects of BM-treated cabbage leaves on D. laeve. The LC50 of BM was 28.15%, and the LT50 was 8.83 h. The BM LC25 reduced D. laeve leaf consumption by 3.31-fold. Furthermore, high control effectiveness (mortality > 90%) was attained until the 7th day after spraying. These findings reveal that BM reduces damage by killing D. laeve in a fast faction and by reducing foliar consumption. Therefore, BM can be an alternative to D. laeve management in both conventional and organic systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizeu S Farias
- Departamento de Entomologia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Abraão A Santos
- Departamento de Entomologia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Daiane G Carmo
- Departamento de Entomologia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Júlia B Melo
- Departamento de Entomologia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Marcelo C Picanço
- Departamento de Entomologia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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Pang S, Lin Z, Zhang Y, Zhang W, Alansary N, Mishra S, Bhatt P, Chen S. Insights into the Toxicity and Degradation Mechanisms of Imidacloprid Via Physicochemical and Microbial Approaches. TOXICS 2020; 8:toxics8030065. [PMID: 32882955 PMCID: PMC7560415 DOI: 10.3390/toxics8030065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Revised: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Imidacloprid is a neonicotinoid insecticide that has been widely used to control insect pests in agricultural fields for decades. It shows insecticidal activity mainly by blocking the normal conduction of the central nervous system in insects. However, in recent years, imidacloprid has been reported to be an emerging contaminant in all parts of the world, and has different toxic effects on a variety of non-target organisms, including human beings, due to its large-scale use. Hence, the removal of imidacloprid from the ecosystem has received widespread attention. Different remediation approaches have been studied to eliminate imidacloprid residues from the environment, such as oxidation, hydrolysis, adsorption, ultrasound, illumination, and biodegradation. In nature, microbial degradation is one of the most important processes controlling the fate of and transformation from imidacloprid use, and from an environmental point of view, it is the most promising means, as it is the most effective, least hazardous, and most environmentally friendly. To date, several imidacloprid-degrading microbes, including Bacillus, Pseudoxanthomonas, Mycobacterium, Rhizobium, Rhodococcus, and Stenotrophomonas, have been characterized for biodegradation. In addition, previous studies have found that many insects and microorganisms have developed resistance genes to and degradation enzymes of imidacloprid. Furthermore, the metabolites and degradation pathways of imidacloprid have been reported. However, reviews of the toxicity and degradation mechanisms of imidacloprid are rare. In this review, the toxicity and degradation mechanisms of imidacloprid are summarized in order to provide a theoretical and practical basis for the remediation of imidacloprid-contaminated environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shimei Pang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Microbial Signals and Disease Control, Integrative Microbiology Research Centre, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (S.P.); (Z.L.); (Y.Z.); (W.Z.); (N.A.); (S.M.); (P.B.)
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Ziqiu Lin
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Microbial Signals and Disease Control, Integrative Microbiology Research Centre, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (S.P.); (Z.L.); (Y.Z.); (W.Z.); (N.A.); (S.M.); (P.B.)
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Yuming Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Microbial Signals and Disease Control, Integrative Microbiology Research Centre, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (S.P.); (Z.L.); (Y.Z.); (W.Z.); (N.A.); (S.M.); (P.B.)
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Wenping Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Microbial Signals and Disease Control, Integrative Microbiology Research Centre, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (S.P.); (Z.L.); (Y.Z.); (W.Z.); (N.A.); (S.M.); (P.B.)
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Nasser Alansary
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Microbial Signals and Disease Control, Integrative Microbiology Research Centre, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (S.P.); (Z.L.); (Y.Z.); (W.Z.); (N.A.); (S.M.); (P.B.)
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Sandhya Mishra
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Microbial Signals and Disease Control, Integrative Microbiology Research Centre, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (S.P.); (Z.L.); (Y.Z.); (W.Z.); (N.A.); (S.M.); (P.B.)
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Pankaj Bhatt
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Microbial Signals and Disease Control, Integrative Microbiology Research Centre, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (S.P.); (Z.L.); (Y.Z.); (W.Z.); (N.A.); (S.M.); (P.B.)
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Shaohua Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Microbial Signals and Disease Control, Integrative Microbiology Research Centre, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (S.P.); (Z.L.); (Y.Z.); (W.Z.); (N.A.); (S.M.); (P.B.)
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-20-8528-8229
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