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Ashun E, Kim S, Jang M, Chae KJ, Oh SE. Assessing the toxicity of contaminated soils via direct contact using a gas production bioassay of thiosulfate utilizing denitrifying bacteria (TUDB). JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2023; 336:117616. [PMID: 36934665 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.117616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
A direct contact bioassay of thiosulfate utilizing denitrifying bacteria (TUDB) based on inhibition of gas production was deployed to assess the toxicity of naturally contaminated field soils and soils artificially contaminated with heavy metals. Test procedure producing optimal conditions responsible for maximum gas production was 0.5 mL test culture, 1 g soil sample, 80 RPM, and 48 h reaction time. Similarly, the concentrations which generated a 50% reduction in gas production by TUDB for the tested heavy metals were 3.01 mg/kg Cr6+; 15.30 mg/kg Ni2+;15.50 mg/kg Cu2+;16.60 mg/kg Ag+; 20.60 mg/kg As3+; 32.80 mg/kg Hg2+; 54.70 mg/kg Cd2+; and 74.0 mg/kg Pb2+. Because soil toxicity is usually influenced by various physicochemical characteristics, ten reference soils were used to determine the toxicity threshold for evaluating the toxicity of naturally contaminated field soils. All eight contaminated soils were toxic to the TUDB bioassay because their levels of inhibition ranged between 72% and 100% and exceeded the determined toxicity threshold of 10%. Compared to other direct contact assays, the newly developed assay TUDB proved to be very robust, producing highly sensitive data while the different soil physicochemical properties exerted minimal influence on the gas production activity of TUDB. Additionally, the simplicity of the developed methodology coupled with the elimination of pretreatment procedures such as elutriation, and ability to perform generate sensitive data in turbid and highly colored samples makes it, cost-effective, and easily adaptable for the assessment of heavy metal and field contaminated soils when compared with other conventional assays which require sophisticated instrumentation and prolonged testing procedures and times.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ebenezer Ashun
- Department of Biological Environment, Kangwon National University, 192-1 Hyoja-dong, Gangwon-do, Chuncheon-si, 200-701, Republic of Korea; Department of Environmental and Safety Engineering, University of Mines and Technology, P.O Box 237, Tarkwa, Western Region, Ghana
| | - Seunggyu Kim
- Department of Biological Environment, Kangwon National University, 192-1 Hyoja-dong, Gangwon-do, Chuncheon-si, 200-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Jang
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Kwangwoon University, 20 Kwangwoon-Ro, Nowon-Gu, Seoul, 01897, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyu-Jung Chae
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Korea Maritime and Ocean University, 727 Taejong-ro, Yeongdo-gu, Busan, 49112, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Eun Oh
- Department of Biological Environment, Kangwon National University, 192-1 Hyoja-dong, Gangwon-do, Chuncheon-si, 200-701, Republic of Korea.
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Oertel J, Sachs S, Flemming K, Obeid MH, Fahmy K. Distinct Effects of Chemical Toxicity and Radioactivity on Metabolic Heat of Cultured Cells Revealed by “Isotope-Editing”. Microorganisms 2023; 11:microorganisms11030584. [PMID: 36985158 PMCID: PMC10056173 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11030584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Studying the toxicity of chemical compounds using isothermal microcalorimetry (IMC), which monitors the metabolic heat from living microorganisms, is a rapidly expanding field. The unprecedented sensitivity of IMC is particularly attractive for studies at low levels of stressors, where lethality-based data are inadequate. We have revealed via IMC the effect of low dose rates from radioactive β−-decay on bacterial metabolism. The low dose rate regime (<400 µGyh−1) is typical of radioactively contaminated environmental sites, where chemical toxicity and radioactivity-mediated effects coexist without a predominance or specific characteristic of either of them. We found that IMC allows distinguishing the two sources of metabolic interference on the basis of “isotope-editing” and advanced thermogram analyses. The stable and radioactive europium isotopes 153Eu and 152Eu, respectively, were employed in monitoring Lactococcus lactis cultures via IMC. β−-emission (electrons) was found to increase initial culture growth by increased nutrient uptake efficiency, which compensates for a reduced maximal cell division rate. Direct adsorption of the radionuclide to the biomass, revealed by mass spectrometry, is critical for both the initial stress response and the “dilution” of radioactivity-mediated damage at later culture stages, which are dominated by the chemical toxicity of Eu.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jana Oertel
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Bautzner Landstrasse 400, 01328 Dresden, Germany
| | - Susanne Sachs
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Bautzner Landstrasse 400, 01328 Dresden, Germany
| | - Katrin Flemming
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Bautzner Landstrasse 400, 01328 Dresden, Germany
| | - Muhammad Hassan Obeid
- Protection and Safety Department, Atomic Energy Commission of Syria, Damascus P.O. Box 6091, Syria
| | - Karim Fahmy
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Bautzner Landstrasse 400, 01328 Dresden, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence Physics of Life, Technische Universität Dresden, 01062 Dresden, Germany
- Correspondence:
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Wu SC, Shih CC. Experimental validation of stability and applicability of Start Growth Time method for high-throughput bacterial ecotoxicity assessment. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:85050-85061. [PMID: 35789463 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-21812-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Ecotoxicity assessments based on bacteria as model organisms are widely used for routine toxicity screening because it has the advantages of time-saving, high sensitivity, cost-effectiveness, and less ethical responsibility. Determination of ecotoxicity effect via bacterial growth can avoid the restriction of model bacteria selection and unique equipment requirements, but traditional viable cell count methods are relatively labor- and time-intensive. The Start Growth Time method (SGT) is a high-throughput and time-conserving method to determine the amount of viable bacterial cells. However, its usability and stability for ecotoxicity assessment are rarely studied. This study confirmed its applicability in terms of bacterial types (gram-positive and gram-negative), growth phases (middle exponential and early stationary phases), and simultaneous existence of dead cells (adjustment by flow cytometry). Our results verified that the stability of establishing SGT correlation is independent of the bacterial type and dead-cell portion. Moreover, we only observed the effect of growth phases on the slope value of established SGT correlation in Shewanella oneidensis, which suggests that preparing inoculum for the SGT method should be consistent in keeping its stability. Our results also elucidate that the SGT values and the live cell percentages meet the non-linear exponential correlation with high correlation coefficients from 0.97 to 0.99 for all the examined bacteria. The non-linear exponential correlation facilitates the application of the SGT method in the ecotoxicity assessment. Finally, applying the exponential SGT correlation to evaluate the ecotoxicity effect of copper ions on E. coli was experimentally validated. The SGT-based method would require about 6 to 7 h to finish the assessment and obtain an estimated EC50 at 2.27 ± 0.04 mM. This study demonstrates that the exponential SGT correlation can be a high-throughput, time-conversing, and wide-applicable method for bacterial ecotoxicity assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siang Chen Wu
- Department of Environmental Engineering, National Chung Hsing University, CEE Building, Room 521, 145 Xingda Road, South Dist., Taichung, 40227, Taiwan.
| | - Chang-Chun Shih
- Department of Environmental Engineering, National Chung Hsing University, CEE Building, Room 521, 145 Xingda Road, South Dist., Taichung, 40227, Taiwan
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Ashun E, Kang W, Thapa BS, Gurung A, Rahimnejad M, Jang M, Jeon BH, Kim JR, Oh SE. A novel gas production bioassay of thiosulfate utilizing denitrifying bacteria (TUDB) for the toxicity assessment of heavy metals contaminated water. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 303:134902. [PMID: 35561773 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.134902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Revised: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
This study reports for the first-time the possibility of deploying gas production by thiosulfate utilizing denitrifying bacteria (TUDB) as a proxy to evaluate water toxicity. The test relies on gas production by TUDB due to inhibited metabolic activity in the presence of toxicants. Gas production was measured using a bubble-type respirometer. Optimization studies indicated that 300 mg NO3--N/L, 0.5 mL acclimated culture, and 2100 mg S2O32-/L were the ideal conditions facilitating the necessary volume of gas production for sensitive data generation. Determined EC50 values of the selected heavy metals were: Cr6+, 0.51 mg/L; Ag+, 2.90 mg/L; Cu2+, 2.90 mg/L; Ni2+, 3.60 mg/L; As3+, 4.10 mg/L; Cd2+, 5.56 mg/L; Hg2+, 8.06 mg/L; and Pb2+, 19.3 mg/L. The advantages of this method include operational simplicity through the elimination of cumbersome preprocessing procedures which are used to eliminate interferences caused by turbidity when the toxicity of turbid samples is determined via spectrophotometry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ebenezer Ashun
- Department of Biological Environment, Kangwon National University, 192-1 Hyoja-dong, Gangwon-do, Chuncheon-si, 200-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Woochang Kang
- Department of Biological Environment, Kangwon National University, 192-1 Hyoja-dong, Gangwon-do, Chuncheon-si, 200-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Bhim Sen Thapa
- Department of Biological Environment, Kangwon National University, 192-1 Hyoja-dong, Gangwon-do, Chuncheon-si, 200-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Anup Gurung
- Department of Biological Environment, Kangwon National University, 192-1 Hyoja-dong, Gangwon-do, Chuncheon-si, 200-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Mostafa Rahimnejad
- Biofuel and Renewable Energy Research Center, Chemical Engineering Department, Babol Noshirvani University of Technology, Babol, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Min Jang
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Kwangwoon University, 20 Kwangwoon-Ro, Nowon-Gu, Seoul 01897, Republic of Korea
| | - Byong-Hun Jeon
- Department of Earth Resources and Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Rae Kim
- School of Chemical Engineering, Pusan National University, 63 Busandeahak-ro, Geumjeong-Gu, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Eun Oh
- Department of Biological Environment, Kangwon National University, 192-1 Hyoja-dong, Gangwon-do, Chuncheon-si, 200-701, Republic of Korea.
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Bioluminescence Sensing in 3D Spherical Microtissues for Multiple Bioactivity Analysis of Environmental Samples. SENSORS 2022; 22:s22124568. [PMID: 35746350 PMCID: PMC9229012 DOI: 10.3390/s22124568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Revised: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The development of predictive in vitro sensing tools able to provide rapid information on the different bioactivities of a sample is of pivotal importance, not only to monitor environmental toxicants, but also to understand their mechanisms of action on diverse molecular pathways. This mechanistic understanding is highly important for the characterization of toxicological hazards, and for the risk assessment of chemicals and environmental samples such as surface waters and effluents. Prompted by this need, we developed and optimized a straightforward bioluminescent multiplexed assay which enables the measurement of four bioactivities, selected for their relevance from a toxicological perspective, in bioluminescent microtissues. The assay was developed to monitor inflammatory, antioxidant, and toxic activity, and the presence of heavy metals, and was successfully applied to the analysis of river water samples, showing potential applicability for environmental analyses. The assay, which does not require advanced equipment, can be easily implemented in general laboratories equipped with basic cell culture facilities and a luminometer.
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Zhang X, Li J, Yang W, Chen J, Wang X, Xing D, Dong W, Wang H, Wang J. The combination of aerobic digestion and bioleaching for heavy metal removal from excess sludge. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 290:133231. [PMID: 34902386 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.133231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2021] [Revised: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
In this study, bioleaching is employed for removing heavy metals from excess sludge generated during municipal wastewater treatment. To avoid organic matter impact on bioleaching, aerobic digestion was performed as pretreatment of the bioleaching or accompanied with the bioleaching. The results showed that the leaching amounts of heavy metals from the process of aerobic digestion accompanied with bioleaching was 2.3 times more than that of the process of aerobic digestion followed by bioleaching. The stable-state proportions of Zn, Cu, Ni and Mn increased by 83%, 94%, 96% and 91%, respectively, in the process of aerobic digestion accompanied with bioleaching, and moreover, the reduction rate of MLSS increased by 22.7%. Although the content of ammonia nitrogen and total phosphorus in sludge decreased after bioleaching treatment, they were still much higher than the soil background value. It indicates that the treated sludge still has agricultural value. High throughput sequencing analysis showed that the relative abundance of acid-producing bacteria (Romboutsia, Clostridium, Tricibacter, and Intestinibacter) significantly increased from 0% to 28.6%, 6.9%, 3.9%, and 2.4%. The enrichment of these acidogenic bacteria was the main reason for the pH decrease, which was conducive to the removal of heavy metals from sludge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolei Zhang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Key Laboratory of Water Resource Application and Environmental Pollution Control, Shenzhen, Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518055, PR China
| | - Ji Li
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Key Laboratory of Water Resource Application and Environmental Pollution Control, Shenzhen, Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518055, PR China
| | - Wei Yang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Key Laboratory of Water Resource Application and Environmental Pollution Control, Shenzhen, Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518055, PR China
| | - Jiaxin Chen
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Shantou University, Shantou, Guangdong, 515063, PR China
| | - Xiaochun Wang
- School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212013, PR China; Institute of Environmental Health and Ecological Security, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212013, PR China.
| | - Dingyu Xing
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Key Laboratory of Water Resource Application and Environmental Pollution Control, Shenzhen, Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518055, PR China
| | - Wenyi Dong
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Key Laboratory of Water Resource Application and Environmental Pollution Control, Shenzhen, Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518055, PR China
| | - Hongjie Wang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Key Laboratory of Water Resource Application and Environmental Pollution Control, Shenzhen, Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518055, PR China
| | - Jiawen Wang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Shantou University, Shantou, Guangdong, 515063, PR China
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Vasseghian Y, Almomani F, Dragoi EN. Health risk assessment induced by trace toxic metals in tap drinking water: Condorcet principle development. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 286:131821. [PMID: 34388869 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.131821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Revised: 07/31/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Acute exposure to trace metals (TMs) in water is hazardous to human health. The average concentrations (Cavg.) and carcinogenic (CAR) and non-carcinogenic (non-CAR) risks of eight TMs to World Health Organization's (WHO) guidelines and national standard limits (NSLs)were determined. The Cavg. and (the range) of As, Hg, Cd, Pb, Co, Cr, Ni, and Zn were measured as 4.29 ± 0.57 μg L-1 (1.12-10.27 μg L-1), 0.22 ± 0.10 μg L-1 (ND-1.05 μg L-1), 0.31 ± 0.18 μg L-1 (ND-1.80 μg L-1), 4.66 ± 0.32 μg L-1 (0.10-14.22 μg L-1), 24.61 ± 4.65 μg L-1 (3.11-67.25 μg L-1), 16.86 ± 5.54 μg L-1 (5.12-34.61 μg L-1), 14.07 ± 4.37 μg L-1 (3.79-31.39 μg L-1), and 268.42 ± 75.82 (87.29-561.22 μg L-1), respectively. The Cavg. of Co and Hg exceeded the WHO and NSLs. The non-CAR risk assessment was used to order the TMs according to the total target hazard quotient (TTHQ) As > Pb > Cr > Co > Zn > Hg > Ni > Cd. None of the investigated age groups are at risk As there is a low Cavg of all trace metals (i.e., the THQ is > 1). The age groups were ranked based on THQ and incremental lifetime cancer risk (ILCR) As < 1 year, >1-10 years, > 11-19 years, and > + 20 years. The ILCR of As for all the age groups was >10-4, whereas for Pb it was <10-6. Cumulative carcinogenic risk (CCR) for As and Pb was at a safe threshold risk (>10-4) for all the age groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasser Vasseghian
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Quchan University of Technology, Quchan, Iran.
| | - Fares Almomani
- Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Qatar University, P. O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar.
| | - Elena-Niculina Dragoi
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection "Cristofor Simionescu", "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University, Iasi, Bld Mangeron No 73, 700050, Romania.
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Guo H, Ji J, Sun J, Zhang Y, Sun X. Development of a living mammalian cell-based biosensor for the monitoring and evaluation of synergetic toxicity of cadmium and deoxynivalenol. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 771:144823. [PMID: 33545470 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.144823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Revised: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
With increased interest in the toxic interactions of multiple toxins, biotoxicity models have to be urgently developed for joint toxicity evaluation. This study aimed to develop an optical biosensor based on living mammary cells for monitoring of cadmium (Cd)/deoxynivalenol (DON) in water and evaluating their combined toxicity. Our previous survey found that DON and Cd appeared simultaneously in various products, and RNA seq revealed that AP-1 participated in combined toxicity of DON+Cd in HT-29 cells. Thus AP-1 site-mCherry-based biosensors were constructed, optimized, and then tested for their applicability and stable fluorescence response activities. DON+Cd2+, DON, and Cd2+ induced dose-dependent fluorescence signal in the biosensors (at environmental exposure levels). The enhanced fluorescence signal suggested that the toxicity of DON+Cd2+ was enhanced compared with that of single toxin. The advantages of the biosensors include: I) The easy and visual screening of multiple toxins on the basis of environmental exposure levels; II) Potential as a broad-spectrum tool for joint toxicity evaluation of DON+Cd; III) Pollution-free and stable fluorescence response; IV) A slight effect on viability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyan Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Synergetic Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, PR China
| | - Jian Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Synergetic Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, PR China
| | - Jiadi Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Synergetic Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, PR China
| | - Yinzhi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Synergetic Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, PR China
| | - Xiulan Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Synergetic Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, PR China.
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