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Huang H, Lei L, Shangguan Y, Jian J, Dai J, Wang Y, Xu H, Liu H. Comprehensive bioremediation effect of phosphorus-mineralized bacterium Enterobacter sp. PMB-5 on cadmium contaminated soil-crop system. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 470:134227. [PMID: 38581879 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.134227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024]
Abstract
Phosphate-mineralizing bacteria (PMBs) have been widely studied by inducing phosphate heavy metal precipitation, but current researches neglect to study their effects on soil-microbe-crop systems on cadmium (Cd) contaminated. Based on this, a strain PMB, Enterobacter sp. PMB-5, was inoculated into Cd contaminated pots to detect soil characteristics, Cd occurrence forms, soil biological activities, plant physiological and biochemical indicators. The results showed that the inoculation of strain PMB-5 significantly increased the available phosphorus content (85.97%-138.64%), Cd-residual fraction (11.04%-29.73%), soil enzyme activities (31.94%-304.63%), plant biomass (6.10%-59.81%), while decreased the state of Cd-HOAc (11.50%-31.17%) and plant bioconcentration factor (23.76%-44.24%). These findings indicated that strain PMB-5 could perform the function of phosphorus solubilization to realize the immobilization of Cd in the complex soil environment. Moreover, SEM-EDS, FTIR, XPS, and XRD analysis revealed that strain PMB-5 does not significantly alter the soil morphology, structure, elemental distribution, and chemical composition, which suggested that remediation of Cd contamination using strain PMB-5 would not further burden the soil. This research implies that PMB-5 could be a safe and effective bioinoculant for remediating Cd-contaminated soils, contributing to the sustainable management of soil health in contaminated environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huayan Huang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Ling Lei
- Key Laboratory of Bio-resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Yuxian Shangguan
- Soil and Fertilizer Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu 610066, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Jiannan Jian
- Key Laboratory of Bio-resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Jingtong Dai
- Key Laboratory of Bio-resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Yang Wang
- Pengzhou Bureau of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chengdu 610066, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Heng Xu
- Key Laboratory of Bio-resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, Sichuan, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environment Protection, Soil ecological protection and pollution control, Sichuan University & Department of Ecology and Environment of Sichuan, Chengdu 610065, Sichuan, PR China.
| | - Huakang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Bio-resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, Sichuan, PR China.
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Buates J, Sun Y, He M, Mohanty SK, Khan E, Tsang DCW. Performance of wood waste biochar and food waste compost in a pilot-scale sustainable drainage system for stormwater treatment. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 348:123767. [PMID: 38492753 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.123767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024]
Abstract
Sustainable drainage system (SuDS) for stormwater reclamation has the potential to alleviate the water scarcity and environmental pollution issues. Laboratory studies have demonstrated that the capacity of SuDS to treat stormwater can be improved by integrating biochar and compost in the filter media, whereas their performance in scaled-up applications is less reported. This study examines the effectiveness of a pilot-scale SuDS, bioswale followed by bioretention, amended with wood waste biochar (1, 2, and 4 wt.%) and food waste compost (2 and 4 wt.%) to simultaneously remove multiple pollutants including nutrients, heavy metals, and trace organics from the simulated stormwater. Our results confirmed that SuDS modified with both biochar (2 wt.%) and compost (2 wt.%) displayed superior water quality improvement. The system exhibited high removal efficiency (> 70%) for total phosphorus and major metal species including Ni, Pb, Cd, Cr, Cu, and Zn. Total suspended solids concentration was approaching the detection limit in the effluent, thereby confirming its capability to reduce turbidity and particle-associated pollutants from stormwater. Co-application of biochar and compost also moderately immobilized trace organic contaminants such as 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, diuron, and atrazine at field-relevant concentrations. Moreover, the soil amendments amplified the activities of enzymes including β-D-cellobiosidase and urease, suggesting that the improved soil conditions and health of microbial communities could possibly increase phyto and bioremediation of contaminants accumulated in the filter media. Overall, our pilot-scale demonstration confirmed that the co-application of biochar and compost in SuDS can provide a variety of benefits for soil/plant health and water quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jittrera Buates
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yuqing Sun
- School of Agriculture, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong, China
| | - Mingjing He
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Sanjay K Mohanty
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California Los Angeles, United States
| | - Eakalak Khan
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering and Construction, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, 89154, United States
| | - Daniel C W Tsang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong, China.
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Zeng Y, Lin Y, Ma M, Chen H. Adsorption effect and mechanism of Cd(II) by different phosphorus-enriched biochars. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:16642-16652. [PMID: 38319416 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-32308-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
The resource utilization of agricultural and forestry waste, especially the high-value transformation of low-grade phosphate rock and derivatives, is an important way to achieve sustainable development. This study focuses on the impregnation and co-pyrolysis of rice straw (RS) with fused calcium magnesium phosphate (FMP), FMP modified with citric acid (CA-FMP), and calcium dihydrogen phosphate (MCP) to produce three phosphorous-enriched biochars (PBC). The Cd(II) removal efficiency of biochars before and after phosphorus modification was investigated, along with the adsorption mechanism and contribution of biochars modified with different phosphorus sources to Cd(II) adsorption. The result indicated that CA-FMP and MCP could be more uniformly loaded onto biochar, effectively increasing the specific surface area (SSA) and total pore volume. The adsorption of Cd(II) onto PBC followed a mono-layer chemisorption process accompanied by intraparticle diffusion. The adsorption of Cd(II) by PBC involved ion exchange, mineral precipitation, complexation with oxygen-containing functional groups (OFGs), cation-π interaction, electrostatic interaction, and physical adsorption. Ion exchange was identified as the primary adsorption mechanism for Cd(II) by BC and FBC (51.53% and 53.15% respectively), while mineral precipitation played a major role in the adsorption of Cd(II) by CBC and MBC (51.10% and 47.98% respectively). Moreover, CBC and MBC significantly enhanced the adsorption capacity of Cd(II), with maximum adsorption amounts of 128.1 and 111.5 mg g-1 respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Zeng
- College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Yuhan Lin
- College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Ming Ma
- College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Agricultural Non-Point Source Pollution Control, Three Gorges Reservoir Area, Chongqing, 400715, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Hong Chen
- College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China.
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Agricultural Non-Point Source Pollution Control, Three Gorges Reservoir Area, Chongqing, 400715, China.
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Chongqing, 400715, China.
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Li S, Wen Y, Wang Y, Liu M, Su L, Peng Z, Zhou Z, Zhou N. Novel α-amino acid-like structure decorated biochar for heavy metal remediation in acid soil. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 462:132740. [PMID: 37856962 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.132740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Revised: 09/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
Neither chemical nor physical adsorption play well in heavy metals remediation in acid soil due to the competing behavior of abundant protons, where stable chelators that can be reused are of significant demand. Herein, biochar with abundant nitro and carboxyl groups is prepared, which can be assembled into self-supporting electrode. Under the catalyzation of electricity, the surface decorated -NO2 on the biochar can be in situ transformed into -NH2. Combined with the carboxyl group that attached on the same carbon atom, a special α-amino acid-like structure modified biochar (α-AC@BC) can be successfully constructed. Due to the strong affinity between the α-amino acid-like ligand and heavy metals, this α-AC@BC exhibits high removal efficiencies of 83.41%, 80.94%, 92.54% and 77.05% for available copper, cadmium, lead and zinc respectively, even in a strong acid soil with low pH of 4. After four adsorption-desorption cycles, the α-AC@BC could still eliminate 83.88% of copper. The high adsorption energy among -NH2, -COOH and heavy metals (-2.99 eV for copper, -1.90 eV for lead, -1.30 eV for zinc and -0.91 eV for cadmium) could form steady coordination structure to guarantee a highly practical application potential of α-AC@BC in strong acid soil. This study provides a novel concept for the decontamination of multiple heavy metal polluted acid soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shikai Li
- Hunan Engineering Research Center for Biochar, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Yujiao Wen
- Hunan Engineering Research Center for Biochar, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Yifan Wang
- Hunan Engineering Research Center for Biochar, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Meng Liu
- Hunan Engineering Research Center for Biochar, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Lezhu Su
- Hunan Engineering Research Center for Biochar, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Zhengjie Peng
- Hunan Engineering Research Center for Biochar, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Zhi Zhou
- Hunan Engineering Research Center for Biochar, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Nan Zhou
- Hunan Engineering Research Center for Biochar, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China.
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Mo G, Gao X. Mitigation of Cd(II) contamination in aqueous solution and soil by multifunctional hydroxyapatite/sludge biochar composite. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:87743-87756. [PMID: 37430084 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-28667-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023]
Abstract
Biochar with well-developed pore structure is an ideal carrier for easily agglomerated hydroxyapatite (HAP). Hence, a novel multifunctional hydroxyapatite/sludge biochar composite (HAP@BC) was synthesized by chemical precipitation method and used for mitigating Cd(II) contamination form aqueous solution/soil. Compared to sludge biochar (BC), HAP@BC exhibited rougher and more porous surface. Meanwhile, the HAP was dispersed on the sludge biochar surface, which reduced the agglomeration of HAP. The adsorption performance of HAP@BC on Cd(II) was better than that of BC under the influence of different single-factor batch adsorption experiments. Moreover, the Cd(II) adsorption behavior by BC and HAP@BC was uniform monolayer adsorption, and this reaction process was endothermic and spontaneous. The Cd(II) maximum adsorption capacities of BC and HAP@BC were 79.96 and 190.72 mg/g at 298 K, respectively. Moreover, the Cd(II) adsorption mechanism on BC and HAP@BC included complexation, ion exchange, dissolution-precipitation and Cd(II)-π interaction. According to the semi-quantitative analysis, ion exchange was the main mechanism for Cd(II) removal by HAP@BC. Notably, HAP played a role in the Cd(II) removal by dissolution-precipitation and ion exchange. This result suggested that there was a synergistic effect between HAP and sludge biochar for the Cd(II) removal. HAP@BC reduced the leaching toxicity of Cd(II) in soil better than BC, indicating that the HAP@BC was able to mitigate Cd(II) contamination in soil more effectively. This work demonstrated that sludge biochar was an ideal carrier for dispersed HAP and provided an effective HAP/biochar composite for the mitigation of Cd(II) contamination in aqueous solution/soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanhai Mo
- Department of Water Engineering and Science, School of Civil Engineering, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xiang Gao
- Powerchina Zhongnan Engineering Corporation Co., Ltd., Changsha, 410000, People's Republic of China
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Huang K, Sun X, Sun J, Guo Y, Hu X, Hu C, Tan Q. The role of phosphorus speciation of biochar in reducing available Cd and phytoavailability in mining area soil: Effect and mechanism. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 894:164868. [PMID: 37343850 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.164868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2023] [Revised: 06/11/2023] [Accepted: 06/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023]
Abstract
The effect of phosphorus (P) speciation in biochar on soil available Cd and its mechanism to alleviate plant Cd stress remain largely unknown. Here, ammonium polyphosphate (PABC)-, phosphoric acid (PHBC)-, potassium dihydrogen phosphate (PKBC)-, and ammonium dihydrogen phosphate (PNBC)-modified biochar were used to investigate P speciation. The Cd immobilization mechanism of biochar was analyzed by XPS and 31P NMR, and the soil quality and the mechanism for the biochar to alleviate Cd stress were also determined. The results demonstrated that PBC (pristine biochar), PABC, PHBC, PKBC, and PNBC reduced the content of soil DTPA-Cd by 14.96 % - 32.19 %, 40.44 % - 47.26 %, 17.52 % - 41.78 %, and 21.90 % - 36.64 %, respectively. The XPS and 31P NMR results demonstrated that the orthophosphate on the surface of PABC, PHBC, PKBC, and PNBC accounted for 82.06 %, 62.77 %, 33.1 %, and 54.46 %, respectively, indicating that PABC has the highest passivation efficiency on soil Cd, which was ascribed to the highest orthophosphate content on the biochar surface. Pot experiments revealed that PABC could reduce the Cd content by 4.18, 4.41, 4.43, 2.94, and 2.57 folds in roots, stems, leaves, pods, and grains, respectively, and at the same time increase the dry and fresh weight of soybean and decrease Cd toxicity to soybean by improving the antioxidant system. In addition, application of the P-modified biochars improved the enzyme activity and physicochemical properties of the soil. This study provides a new perspective for studying the effect of P-modified biochars on soil Cd immobilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kan Huang
- Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture, Micro-elements Research Center, College of Resources & Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Xuecheng Sun
- Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture, Micro-elements Research Center, College of Resources & Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Economic Forest Germplasm Improvement and Resources Comprehensive Utilization, Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for the Characteristic Resources Exploitation of Dabie Mountains, Huanggang Normal University, Huanggang 438000, China
| | - Jingguo Sun
- Hubei Academy of Tobacco Science, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Yali Guo
- Guizhou Provincial Tobacco Company Qianxinan Branch, Xingyi, Guizhou 562400, China
| | - Xiaoming Hu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Economic Forest Germplasm Improvement and Resources Comprehensive Utilization, Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for the Characteristic Resources Exploitation of Dabie Mountains, Huanggang Normal University, Huanggang 438000, China
| | - Chengxiao Hu
- Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture, Micro-elements Research Center, College of Resources & Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Qiling Tan
- Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture, Micro-elements Research Center, College of Resources & Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
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Mo G, Xiao J, Gao X. NaHCO 3 activated sludge-derived biochar by KMnO 4 modification for Cd(II) removal from aqueous solutions. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:57771-57787. [PMID: 36971938 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-26638-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
The surface flat pristine biochar provides limited adsorption sites for Cd(II) adsorption. To address this issue, a novel sludge-derived biochar (MNBC) was prepared by NaHCO3 activation and KMnO4 modification. The batch adsorption experiments illustrated that the maximum adsorption capacity of MNBC was twice that of pristine biochar and reached equilibrium more quickly. The pseudo-second order and Langmuir model were more suitable for analyzing the Cd(II) adsorption process on MNBC. Na+, K+, Mg2+, Ca2+, Cl- and NO-3 had no effect on the Cd(II) removal. Cu2+ and Pb2+ inhibited the Cd(II) removal, while PO3-4 and humic acid (HA) promoted it. After 5 repeated experiments, the Cd(II) removal efficiency on MNBC was 90.24%. The Cd(II) removal efficiency of MNBC in different actual water bodies was over 98%. Furthermore, MNBC owned excellent Cd(II) adsorption performance in fixed bed experiments, and the effective treatment capacity was 450 BV. The co-precipitation, complexation, ion exchange and Cd(II)-π interaction were involved in Cd(II) removal mechanism. XPS analysis showed that NaHCO3 activation and KMnO4 modification enhanced the complexation ability of MNBC to Cd(II). The results suggested that MNBC can be used as an effective adsorbent for treating of Cd-contaminated wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanhai Mo
- Department of Water Engineering and Science, School of Civil Engineering, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jiang Xiao
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiang Gao
- Powerchina Zhongnan Engineering Corporation Co., Ltd, Changsha, 410000, People's Republic of China
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Yuan Q, Wang P, Wang X, Hu B, Wang C, Xing X. Nano-chlorapatite modification enhancing cadmium(II) adsorption capacity of crop residue biochars. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 865:161097. [PMID: 36587697 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.161097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Revised: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) contamination in rivers or lakes has attracted worldwide concerns. Biochar pyrolyzed form crop residues (CR) could adsorb Cd(II) from aquatic environments, while the removal capacity of single CR biochar is relatively low. Nano-chlorapatite (nClAP) modification can enhance metal scavenging ability, but little is known about the behaviors and mechanisms of Cd(II) adsorption by nClAP-modified CR biochars. In this study, the influences of feedstock type, pyrolysis temperature, nClAP modification and aquatic environments on Cd(II) adsorption of biochars derived from rice (RB) and wheat (WB) husks were investigated comprehensively. Results showed that the pristine RB and WB showed low and similar Cd(II) adsorption capacities, while the rise of pyrolysis temperatures from 300 to 600 °C significantly improved the adsorption capacities. The Cd(II) adsorption of both RB and WB was regarded as monolayer chemical processes controlled by chemical precipitation, surface complexation and cation exchange mechanisms. Moreover, the nClAP modification notably enhanced Cd(II) adsorption capacities from 13.2 to 39.9 mg·g-1 of pristine biochars to 25.2-60.7 mg·g-1 of modified biochars attributed to the improved contribution of Cd(II)-phosphate precipitation. Among all biochars, the nClAP-modified RB and WB pyrolyzed at 500 °C had the highest Cd(II) adsorption capacities with 60.7 and 48.3 mg·g-1, respectively. These biochars could maintain good adsorption performances under the neutral-alkaline (pH 6-8), low ionic strength, high dissolved organic matter and all oxidation-reduction potential conditions. In conclusion, this study reveals the importance of nClAP modification to optimize Cd(II) adsorption of CR biochars, which provides a promising future for its practical application in aquatic Cd(II) scavenging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiusheng Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resources Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210098, PR China
| | - Peifang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resources Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210098, PR China.
| | - Xun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resources Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210098, PR China
| | - Bin Hu
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resources Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210098, PR China
| | - Chao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resources Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210098, PR China
| | - Xiaolei Xing
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resources Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210098, PR China
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Zhang K, Yi Y, Fang Z. Remediation of cadmium or arsenic contaminated water and soil by modified biochar: A review. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 311:136914. [PMID: 36272628 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.136914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Revised: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Biochar has a high specific surface area with abundant pore structure and functional groups, which has been widely used in remediation of cadmium or arsenic contaminated water and soil. However, the bottleneck problem of low-efficiency of pristine biochar in remediation of contaminated environments always occurs. Nowadays, the modification of biochar is a feasible way to enhance the performance of biochar. Based on the Web of science™, the research progress of modified biochar and its application in remediation of cadmium or arsenic contaminated water and soil have been systematically summarized in this paper. The main modification strategies of biochar were summarized, and the variation of physicochemical properties of biochar before and after modification were illustrated. The efficiency and key mechanisms of modified biochar for remediation of cadmium or arsenic contaminated water and soil were expounded in detail. Finally, some constructive suggestions were given for the future direction and challenges of modified biochar research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Zhang
- School of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Yunqiang Yi
- School of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China; College of Resources and Environment, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| | - Zhanqiang Fang
- School of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China; SCNU Qingyuan Institute of Science and Technology Innovation Co., Ltd., Qingyuan, 511500, China; Normal University Environmental Remediation Technology Co., Ltd, Qingyuan, 511500, China.
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Adsorption characteristics and mechanisms of Cd 2+ from aqueous solution by biochar derived from corn stover. Sci Rep 2022; 12:17714. [PMID: 36271027 PMCID: PMC9587245 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-22714-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Corn stover could be pyrolysed to prepare biochar for removing pollutants in water and realizing the resource utilization of biomass. The aims of the present study were to investigate the optimal preparation and adsorption conditions of biochar and to reveal the adsorption characteristics and mechanisms of Cd2+ in water by biochar. For this purpose, with Cd2+ as the target pollutant, the pyrolysis conditions involved in the pyrolysis temperature, retention time, and heating rate were evaluated and optimized. Additionally, the characteristics, mechanisms and optimal adsorption conditions of Cd2+ by biochar were determined. A series of characterization techniques was employed, including scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and specific surface area analysis (SBET). The optimum pyrolysis parameters were a pyrolysis temperature of 700 °C, a retention time of 2.5 h, and a heating rate of 5 °C/min. Acid/base modification did not improve the adsorption capacity of biochar. The Langmuir and the Elovich model were the most suitable isotherm and kinetic models for equilibrium data, respectively. The maximum adsorption capacity fitted by Langmuir model was 13.4 mg/g. Furthermore, mineral precipitation and π electron interactions were shown to be the main adsorption mechanisms of Cd2+. The optimum adsorption conditions for Cd2+ in water were a CaCl2 electrolyte solution of 0.01 mol/L, a pH level of 6.7, and a biochar dosage of 0.4 g. Our results indicated that corn stover biochar was an appropriate approach for improving the status of water with Cd2+ contamination in the short term and for promoting a new perspective for the rational utilization of corn stover and the low-cost pollution control of heavy metals in water.
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