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Haddad L, Vincent AG, Giesler R, Schleucher J. Small molecules dominate organic phosphorus in NaOH-EDTA extracts of soils as determined by 31P NMR. Sci Total Environ 2024; 931:172496. [PMID: 38636859 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Revised: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
Understanding the composition of organic phosphorus (P) in soils is relevant to various disciplines, from agricultural sciences to ecology. Despite past efforts, the precise nature of soil organic P remains an enigma, especially that of the orthophosphate monoesters, which dominate 31P NMR spectra of NaOH-EDTA extracts of soils worldwide. The monoester region often exhibits an unidentified, broad background believed to represent high molecular weight (MW) P. We investigated this monoester background using 1D 31P NMR and 2D 1H31P NMR, as well as 31P transverse relaxation (T2) measurements to calculate its intrinsic linewidth and relate it to MW. Analyzing seven soils from different ecosystems, we observed linewidths of 0.5 to 3 Hz for resolved monoester signals and the background, indicating that it consists of many, possibly >100, sharp signals associated with small (<1.5 kDa) organic P molecules. This result was further supported by 2D 1H31P NMR spectra revealing signals not resolved in the 1D spectra. Our findings align with 31P NMR studies detecting background signals in soil-free samples and modern evidence that alkali-soluble soil organic matter consists of self-assemblies of small organic compounds mimicking large molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lenny Haddad
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Umeå University, 90817 Umeå, Sweden.
| | - Andrea G Vincent
- Escuela de Biología, Universidad de Costa Rica, San José 2060, Costa Rica
| | - Reiner Giesler
- Department of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Climate Impacts Research Centre, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Jürgen Schleucher
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Umeå University, 90817 Umeå, Sweden
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Huang K, Sun X, Sun J, Guo Y, Hu X, Hu C, Tan Q. The role of phosphorus speciation of biochar in reducing available Cd and phytoavailability in mining area soil: Effect and mechanism. Sci Total Environ 2023; 894:164868. [PMID: 37343850 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.164868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2023] [Revised: 06/11/2023] [Accepted: 06/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023]
Abstract
The effect of phosphorus (P) speciation in biochar on soil available Cd and its mechanism to alleviate plant Cd stress remain largely unknown. Here, ammonium polyphosphate (PABC)-, phosphoric acid (PHBC)-, potassium dihydrogen phosphate (PKBC)-, and ammonium dihydrogen phosphate (PNBC)-modified biochar were used to investigate P speciation. The Cd immobilization mechanism of biochar was analyzed by XPS and 31P NMR, and the soil quality and the mechanism for the biochar to alleviate Cd stress were also determined. The results demonstrated that PBC (pristine biochar), PABC, PHBC, PKBC, and PNBC reduced the content of soil DTPA-Cd by 14.96 % - 32.19 %, 40.44 % - 47.26 %, 17.52 % - 41.78 %, and 21.90 % - 36.64 %, respectively. The XPS and 31P NMR results demonstrated that the orthophosphate on the surface of PABC, PHBC, PKBC, and PNBC accounted for 82.06 %, 62.77 %, 33.1 %, and 54.46 %, respectively, indicating that PABC has the highest passivation efficiency on soil Cd, which was ascribed to the highest orthophosphate content on the biochar surface. Pot experiments revealed that PABC could reduce the Cd content by 4.18, 4.41, 4.43, 2.94, and 2.57 folds in roots, stems, leaves, pods, and grains, respectively, and at the same time increase the dry and fresh weight of soybean and decrease Cd toxicity to soybean by improving the antioxidant system. In addition, application of the P-modified biochars improved the enzyme activity and physicochemical properties of the soil. This study provides a new perspective for studying the effect of P-modified biochars on soil Cd immobilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kan Huang
- Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture, Micro-elements Research Center, College of Resources & Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Xuecheng Sun
- Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture, Micro-elements Research Center, College of Resources & Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Economic Forest Germplasm Improvement and Resources Comprehensive Utilization, Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for the Characteristic Resources Exploitation of Dabie Mountains, Huanggang Normal University, Huanggang 438000, China
| | - Jingguo Sun
- Hubei Academy of Tobacco Science, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Yali Guo
- Guizhou Provincial Tobacco Company Qianxinan Branch, Xingyi, Guizhou 562400, China
| | - Xiaoming Hu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Economic Forest Germplasm Improvement and Resources Comprehensive Utilization, Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for the Characteristic Resources Exploitation of Dabie Mountains, Huanggang Normal University, Huanggang 438000, China
| | - Chengxiao Hu
- Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture, Micro-elements Research Center, College of Resources & Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Qiling Tan
- Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture, Micro-elements Research Center, College of Resources & Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
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Łukawska-Matuszewska K, Graca B, Sokołowski A, Burska D, Pryputniewicz-Flis D, Nordtug T, Øverjordet IB. The impact of potential leakage from the sub-seabed CO 2 storage site on the phosphorus transformation in marine sediments - An experimental study. Sci Total Environ 2023; 886:163879. [PMID: 37142039 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.163879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Revised: 04/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) in the sub-seabed geological formations is a method of mitigation of carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions to avoid anthropogenic climate change. While CCS can be one of the most promising technologies to reduce atmospheric CO2 in the short and medium term, it raises serious concerns about the potential leakage of gas from storage sites. In the present study, the impact of acidification induced by CO2 leakage from a sub-seabed storage site on geochemical pools, and thus the mobility, of phosphorus (P) in sediment was investigated during laboratory experiments. The experiments were conducted in a hyperbaric chamber at a hydrostatic pressure of 900 kPa, which simulates pressure conditions at a potential sub-seabed CO2 storage site in the southern Baltic Sea. We performed three separate experiments in which the partial pressure of CO2 was: 352 μatm (corresponding pH = 7.7); 1815 μatm (corresponding pH = 7.0), and 9150 μatm (corresponding pH = 6.3). Under pH 7.0 and 6.3, apatite P is transformed into organic and non-apatite inorganic forms, which are less stable than CaP bonds and can be more easily released into the water column. At pH 7.7, P released during mineralization of organic matter and microbial reduction of FeP phases is bound with Ca, and the concentration of this form increases. The obtained results indicate that acidification of bottom water can reduce the efficiency of P burial in marine sediments, which contributes to an increase in P concentration in the water column and promote eutrophication especially in shallow areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Łukawska-Matuszewska
- Faculty of Oceanography and Geography, University of Gdańsk, Al. Marszałka Piłsudskiego 46, 81-378 Gdynia, Poland.
| | - B Graca
- Faculty of Oceanography and Geography, University of Gdańsk, Al. Marszałka Piłsudskiego 46, 81-378 Gdynia, Poland
| | - A Sokołowski
- Faculty of Oceanography and Geography, University of Gdańsk, Al. Marszałka Piłsudskiego 46, 81-378 Gdynia, Poland
| | - D Burska
- Faculty of Oceanography and Geography, University of Gdańsk, Al. Marszałka Piłsudskiego 46, 81-378 Gdynia, Poland
| | - D Pryputniewicz-Flis
- Faculty of Oceanography and Geography, University of Gdańsk, Al. Marszałka Piłsudskiego 46, 81-378 Gdynia, Poland
| | - T Nordtug
- SINTEF Ocean AS, Brattorkaia 17C, NO-7465 Trondheim, Norway
| | - I B Øverjordet
- SINTEF Ocean AS, Brattorkaia 17C, NO-7465 Trondheim, Norway
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Leite ADA, Melo LCA, Hurtarte LCC, Zuin L, Piccolla CD, Werder D, Shabtai I, Lehmann J. Magnesium-enriched poultry manure enhances phosphorus bioavailability in biochars. Chemosphere 2023; 331:138759. [PMID: 37088201 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.138759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2022] [Revised: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Pyrolysis of calcium-rich feedstock (e.g., poultry manure) generates semi-crystalline and crystalline phosphorus (P) species, compromising its short-term availability to plants. However, enriching poultry manure with magnesium (Mg) before pyrolysis may improve the ability of biochar to supply P. This study investigated how increasing the Mg/Ca ratio and pyrolysis temperature of poultry manure affected its P availability and speciation. Mg enrichment by ∼2.1% increased P availability (extracted using 2% citric and formic acid) by 20% in Mg-biochar at pyrolysis temperatures up to 600 °C. Linear combination fitting of P K-edge XANES of biochar, and Mg/Ca stoichiometry, indicate that P species, mainly Ca-P and Mg-P, are altered after pyrolysis. At 300 °C, adding Mg as magnesium hydroxide [Mg(OH)2] created MgNH4PO4 (18%) and Mg3(PO4)2.8H2O (23%) in the biochar, while without addition of Mg Ca3(PO4)2 (11%) predominated, both differing only for pyrophosphate, 33 and 16%, respectively. Similarly, the P L2,3 edge XANES data of biochar made with Mg were indicative of either MgHPO4.3H2O or Mg3(PO4)2.8H2O, in comparison to CaHPO4.2H2O or Ca3(PO4)2 without Mg. More importantly, hydroxyapatite [Ca5(PO4)3(OH)] was not identified with Mg additions, while it was abundant in biochars produced without Mg both at 600 (12%) and 700 °C (32%). The presence of Mg formed Mg-P minerals that could enhance P mobility in soil more than Ca-P, and may have resulted in greater P availability in Mg-enriched biochars. Thus, a relatively low Mg enrichment can be an approach for designing and optimize biochar as a P fertilizer from P-rich excreta, with the potential to improve P availability and contribute to the sustainable use of organic residues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aline do Amaral Leite
- Federal University of Lavras/UFLA - Soil Science Dept., 37200-000, Lavras, Brazil; Soil and Crop Sciences, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14850, USA
| | - Leônidas Carrijo Azevedo Melo
- Federal University of Lavras/UFLA - Soil Science Dept., 37200-000, Lavras, Brazil; Soil and Crop Sciences, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14850, USA
| | | | - Lucia Zuin
- Canadian Light Source/CLS - Saskatoon, Canada
| | | | - Don Werder
- Cornell Center for Materials Research, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14850, USA
| | - Itamar Shabtai
- Department of Environmental Science and Forestry, The Connecticut Agricultural. Experiment Station, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA
| | - Johannes Lehmann
- Soil and Crop Sciences, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14850, USA; Department of Global Development, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14850, USA; Cornell Atkinson Center for Sustainability, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14850, USA.
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Saha A, Jesna PK, Ramya VL, Mol SS, Panikkar P, Vijaykumar ME, Sarkar UK, Das BK. Phosphorus fractions in the sediment of a tropical reservoir, India: Implications for pollution source identification and eutrophication. Environ Geochem Health 2022; 44:749-769. [PMID: 34050847 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-021-00985-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Eutrophication level in lakes and reservoirs depends on both internal and external phosphorus (P) load. Characterization of sediment P fractionation and identifying the P pollution sources are important for assessing the bio-availability of P and the dominant P source, for effectively controlling the water pollution. For determining the availability and sources of sediment P and eutrophication status, spatio-temporal variation in different P fractionation of sediment of hyper-eutrophic Krishnagiri reservoir, Tamil Nadu, India, was investigated. Sediment average total P (TP) content ranged from 4.62 to 5.64 g/kg. Main phosphorus form was the inorganic P (IP), and it makes up to 73.4-87.7% of TP. Among the different P fraction, viz. calcium bound (Ca-P), iron bound (Fe-P), aluminium bound (Al-P), exchangeable (Ex-P) and Organic-P (Org-P), Ca-P was the dominating fraction in both IP and TP. Trend of IP fraction was as follows: Ca-P > Fe-P > Al-P > Ex-P in pre-monsoon season, Fe-P > Ca-P > Al-P > Ex-P in monsoon and Ca-P > Al-P > Fe-P > Ex-P in post-monsoon. Overall the trend was as follows Ca-P > Fe-P > Al-P > Org-P > Ex-P. Bio-available-P (BAP) fractions ranged from 35.2 to 64.0% of TP, indicating its comparative higher value. Pearson's correlation matrix revealed that there was strong correlation among the different P fractions. Factor analysis indicates that different fractions of P were the dominating factor than the other sediment parameters. The observed variation in sediment P fractionation indicate the differences in source and characterization of P which is very helpful for implementation of effective management practices in controlling pollution that arises due to phosphorus in this hyper-eutrophic reservoir.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ajoy Saha
- Regional Centre of ICAR-Central Inland Fisheries Research Institute, Bangalore, 560089, Karnataka, India.
| | - P K Jesna
- Regional Centre of ICAR-Central Inland Fisheries Research Institute, Bangalore, 560089, Karnataka, India
| | - V L Ramya
- Regional Centre of ICAR-Central Inland Fisheries Research Institute, Bangalore, 560089, Karnataka, India
| | - S Sibina Mol
- Regional Centre of ICAR-Central Inland Fisheries Research Institute, Bangalore, 560089, Karnataka, India
| | - Preetha Panikkar
- Regional Centre of ICAR-Central Inland Fisheries Research Institute, Bangalore, 560089, Karnataka, India
| | - M E Vijaykumar
- Regional Centre of ICAR-Central Inland Fisheries Research Institute, Bangalore, 560089, Karnataka, India
| | - U K Sarkar
- ICAR - Central Inland Fisheries Research Institute, Barrackpore, Kolkata, 700120, West Bengal, India
| | - B K Das
- ICAR - Central Inland Fisheries Research Institute, Barrackpore, Kolkata, 700120, West Bengal, India
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Raniro HR, Bettoni Teles AP, Adam C, Pavinato PS. Phosphorus solubility and dynamics in a tropical soil under sources derived from wastewater and sewage sludge. J Environ Manage 2022; 302:113984. [PMID: 34700086 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.113984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Revised: 10/09/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Conventional phosphate fertilizers are usually highly water-soluble and rapidly solubilize when moistened by the soil solution. However, if this solubilization is not in alignment with plants demand, P can react with the soil colloidal phase, becoming less available over time. This is more pronounced in acidic, oxidic tropical soils, with high P adsorption capacity, reducing the efficiency of P fertilization. Furthermore, these fertilizers are derived from phosphate rock, a non-renewable resource, generating an environmental impact. To assess these concerns, waste-recycled P sources (struvite, hazenite and AshDec®) were studied for their potential of reducing P fixation by the soil and improving the agronomic efficiency of the P fertilization. In our work, we compared the solubilization dynamics of struvite, hazenite, AshDec® to triple superphosphate (TSP) in a sandy clay loam Ferralsol, as well as their effect on solution pH and on soil P pools (labile, moderately-labile and non-labile) via an incubation experiment. Leaching columns containing 50 g of soil with surface application of 100 mg per column (mg col-1) of P from each selected fertilizer and one control (nil-P) were evaluated for 60 days. Daily leachate samples from the column were analyzed for P content and pH. Soil was stratified in the end and submitted to P fractionation. All results were analyzed considering p < 0.05. Our findings showed that TSP and struvite promoted an acid P release reaction (reaching pHs of 4.3 and 5.5 respectively), while AshDec® and hazenite reaction was alkaline (reaching pHs of 8.4 and 8.5 respectively). Furthermore, TSP promoted the highest P release among all sources in 60 days (52.8 mg col-1) and showed rapid release dynamic in the beginning, while struvite and hazenite showed late release dynamics and lower total leached P (29.7 and 15.5 mg col-1 P respectively). In contrast, no P-release was detected in the leachate of the AshDec® over the whole trial period. Struvite promoted the highest soil labile P concentration (7938 mg kg-1), followed by hazenite (5877 mg kg-1) and AshDec® (4468 mg kg-1), all higher than TSP (3821 mg kg-1), while AshDec® showed high moderately-labile P (9214 mg kg-1), reaffirming its delayed release potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henrique Rasera Raniro
- Department of Soil Science, Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture (Esalq), University of São Paulo (USP), Av. Pádua Dias, 11, 13418-900, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil.
| | - Ana Paula Bettoni Teles
- Department of Soil Science, Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture (Esalq), University of São Paulo (USP), Av. Pádua Dias, 11, 13418-900, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil.
| | - Christian Adam
- Division 4.4 - Thermochemical Residues Treatment and Resource Recovery, German Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing (BAM), Richard-Willstätter-Straße, 11, 12489, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Paulo Sergio Pavinato
- Department of Soil Science, Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture (Esalq), University of São Paulo (USP), Av. Pádua Dias, 11, 13418-900, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil.
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Abdala DB, Gatiboni LC, Schmitt DE, Mumbach GL, Dall'Orsoletta DJ, Bonfada EB, Veiga M. Phosphorus speciation and iron mineralogy in an oxisol after 11 years of pig slurry application. Sci Total Environ 2020; 743:140487. [PMID: 32653703 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.140487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2020] [Revised: 06/13/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Application of phosphate fertilizers beyond plants needs favors phosphorus (P) accumulation in soils, which may alter its reactivity and chemical speciation. The objective of this study was to assess the changes in P speciation in a Brazilian oxisol that received consecutive applications of varying rates of pig slurry (PS) over 11 years. The soils were treated with PS at rates of 50, 100 and 200 m3 ha-1 year-1, whereas a control plot received P and potassium (K) to replenish the amounts removed by harvest. The soils were sampled and characterized for its P sorption capacity (PSC) as determined by Langmuir sorption isotherms, P partitioning by sequential chemical fractionation (SCF), P chemical speciation via P K-edge XANES and iron (Fe) mineralogy via Fe K-edge EXAFS spectroscopies. Increases in applied PS rates were accompanied by increases in PSC at the 0 to 2.5 and 0 to 10 cm soil layers. P accumulation was observed to be restricted up to the depth of 20 cm, regardless of the PS rate applied. The P K-edge XANES analysis indicated that P accumulation in the topmost soil layers, occurred predominantly associated with Fe-(hydr)oxide minerals. In this soil layer (0 to 2.5 cm), the organic P pool was of particular importance likely due to no-tillage. A dramatic change in Fe mineralogy in the topmost soil layer was observed across the studied soils, with the predominance of hematite in the reference soil and in the control plot, whereas the occurrence of goethite and ferrihydrite was followed by the application of PS.
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Affiliation(s)
- D B Abdala
- Brazilian Synchrotron Light Laboratory, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - L C Gatiboni
- Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States of America
| | - D E Schmitt
- Department of Agriculture, Biodiversity and Forests, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Curitibanos, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - G L Mumbach
- Department of Soil and Natural Resources, University of Santa Catarina State, Lages, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - D J Dall'Orsoletta
- Department of Soil Science and Natural Resources, Santa Catarina State University, Lages, Santa Catarina, Brazil.
| | - E B Bonfada
- MT Fundation - Campo Novo do Parecis, Mato Grosso, Brazil
| | - M Veiga
- Western University of Santa Catarina, Campos Novos, Santa Catarina, Brazil
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Pit IR, Wassen MJ, Kooijman AM, Dekker SC, Griffioen J, Arens SM, van Dijk J. Can sand nourishment material affect dune vegetation through nutrient addition? Sci Total Environ 2020; 725:138233. [PMID: 32278174 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.138233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2019] [Revised: 03/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In the Netherlands it is common to nourish the coastline with sand from the seabed. Foredunes are replenished with sand from the beach and can be transported further into the dune area. We investigated whether nourishment material alters the phosphorus (P) content of dune soil and the nitrogen (N):P ratio of dune vegetation in two areas: a mega sand nourishment with fixed foredunes (SE) and a traditional sand nourishment with dynamic foredunes (NWC). Four zones were considered: beach (zone 1), frontal foredunes (zone 2), foredunes crest (zone 3) and inner dunes (zone 4). We estimated the characteristics of fine (< 250-μm) and coarse (250-2000 μm) sand. Total P, P speciation and available P of SE and NWC were similar until zone 4. Zone 1-3 consisted mainly of coarse sand, whereas the sand in zone 4 was finer with higher amounts at NWC. Iron (Fe) bound P was comparable for fine and coarse sand in zone 1-3, but high contents were present in zone 4. In zone 1-3, calcium (Ca) bound P was mainly found in the fine fraction, which was abundant in the coarse fraction of zone 4. After a period of 4 years, the effect of dynamic dunes on P fractions and dune plant species was not apparent yet, although inblowing sand mainly consisted of fine sand with high contents of Ca-bound P. This may change over time, especially in dynamic dunes with higher eolian activity of fine sand. Consequently, pH buffering of the soil may increase because of a higher Ca‑carbonate content, which leads to decreased solubility of Ca-bound P and low P availability for the vegetation. Both low P availability and high buffering capacity are known environmental factors that facilitate endangered dune plant species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iris R Pit
- Copernicus Institute of Sustainable Development, Utrecht University, the Netherlands.
| | - Martin J Wassen
- Copernicus Institute of Sustainable Development, Utrecht University, the Netherlands
| | - Annemieke M Kooijman
- Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics, University of Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Stefan C Dekker
- Copernicus Institute of Sustainable Development, Utrecht University, the Netherlands; Management, Science & Technology, Open University, Heerlen, the Netherlands
| | - Jasper Griffioen
- Copernicus Institute of Sustainable Development, Utrecht University, the Netherlands; TNO Geological Survey of the Netherlands, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | | | - Jerry van Dijk
- Copernicus Institute of Sustainable Development, Utrecht University, the Netherlands
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Jiang Y, Kwon KD, Wang S, Ren C, Li W. Molecular speciation of phosphorus in phosphogypsum waste by solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Sci Total Environ 2019; 696:133958. [PMID: 31442717 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.133958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2019] [Revised: 08/15/2019] [Accepted: 08/16/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Phosphogypsum (PG), a waste by-product of the phosphate fertilizer industry as well as a point-source P contaminant, has caused serious environmental problems particularly in estuarine and coastal regions. However, in-depth understanding of P speciation in PG, which is critical for its restoration and management, remains largely unknown. Using solid-state 31P NMR spectroscopy, density functional theory calculations of the NMR parameters and NanoSIMS, we for the first time reported that P in PG ubiquitously exists as phosphate incorporated into gypsum and minor fluorapatite. The occasional presences of mineral phosphate phases mainly associated with Ca and Al were also detected. The molecular environment of the incorporated phosphate is HPO42- substituting for SO42- in the gypsum lattice with the H atom away from the H2O molecules and almost parallel to the a-c plane. A high spatial heterogeneity was observed for the distribution of this phosphate species in PG at the submicron scale. Upon heating, at least 64% of the incorporated phosphate could be converted to the easy-to-recover fluorapatite or amorphous calcium phosphate by thermal treatments at above 750 °C for 2-4 h. This information of P speciation transformation may pave a solid basement for the sustainable recovery of P from PG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunbin Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Surficial Geochemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Earth Sciences and Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Kideok D Kwon
- Department of Geology, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24347, Republic of Korea
| | - Shaofeng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Ecology and Environmental Engineering, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Chao Ren
- Key Laboratory of Surficial Geochemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Earth Sciences and Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Wei Li
- Key Laboratory of Surficial Geochemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Earth Sciences and Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China.
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Prietzel J, Klysubun W. Phosphorus K-edge XANES spectroscopy has probably often underestimated iron oxyhydroxide-bound P in soils. J Synchrotron Radiat 2018; 25:1736-1744. [PMID: 30407184 DOI: 10.1107/s1600577518013334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2018] [Accepted: 09/18/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Phosphorus (P) K-edge X-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES) spectra of orthophosphate (oPO4) bound to soil FeIII minerals (e.g. ferrihydrite, goethite) show a pre-edge signal at 2148-2152 eV. It is unknown whether organic P bound to FeIII oxyhydroxides also show this feature. Otherwise, Fe-bound soil P may be underestimated by P K-edge XANES spectroscopy, because a large portion of Fe oxyhydroxide-bound P in soils is organic P. K-edge XANES spectra were obtained for different organic P compounds present in soils [inositol hexaphosphate (IHP), glucose-6-phosphate (G6P), adenosine triphosphate (ATP)] after sorption to ferrihydrite or goethite and compared with spectra of oPO4 adsorbed to these minerals. P sorption to ferrihydrite increased in the sequence IHP ≪ G6P < oPO4 < ATP. P sorption to goethite increased in the sequence G6P < oPO4 ≪ ATP = IHP. Pre-edge signals in P K-edge XANES spectra of organic P adsorbed to Fe oxyhydroxides were markedly smaller compared with those of oPO4 adsorbed to these minerals and absent for FeIII oxyhydroxide-bound ATP as well as goethite-bound IHP. Linear combination fitting (LCF) performed on spectra of IHP, G6P or ATP adsorbed to ferrihydrite or goethite, using only spectra of FeIII oxyhydroxide-bound oPO4 as reference compounds for Fe-bound P, erroneously assigned >93% (ferrihydrite) or >41% (goethite) of Fe-bound P to non-Fe-bound P species. Inclusion of FeIII oxyhydroxide-bound IHP as reference compounds markedly increased the recovery of oxyhydroxide-bound organic P. Thus, Fe-bound soil P has probably often been underestimated by LCF in soil XANES studies where IHP adsorbed to ferrihydrite and to goethite were not included as reference compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jörg Prietzel
- Lehrstuhl für Bodenkunde, Technische Universität München, Emil-Ramann-Straße 2, D-85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Wantana Klysubun
- Synchrotron Light Research Institute, 111 University Avenue, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Muang District, Thailand
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