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Alshogran OY, Dodeja P, Albukhaytan H, Laffey T, Chaphekar N, Caritis S, Shaik IH, Venkataramanan R. Drugs in Human Milk Part 1: Practical and Analytical Considerations in Measuring Drugs and Metabolites in Human Milk. Clin Pharmacokinet 2024; 63:561-588. [PMID: 38748090 DOI: 10.1007/s40262-024-01374-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
Human milk is a remarkable biofluid that provides essential nutrients and immune protection to newborns. Breastfeeding women consuming medications could pass the drug through their milk to neonates. Drugs can be transferred to human milk by passive diffusion or active transport. The physicochemical properties of the drug largely impact the extent of drug transfer into human milk. A comprehensive understanding of the physiology of human milk formation, composition of milk, mechanisms of drug transfer, and factors influencing drug transfer into human milk is critical for appropriate selection and use of medications in lactating women. Quantification of drugs in the milk is essential for assessing the safety of pharmacotherapy during lactation. This can be achieved by developing specific, sensitive, and reproducible analytical methods using techniques such as liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry. The present review briefly discusses the physiology of human milk formation, composition of human milk, mechanisms of drug transfer into human milk, and factors influencing transfer of drugs from blood to milk. We further expand upon and critically evaluate the existing analytical approaches/assays used for the quantification of drugs in human milk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Osama Y Alshogran
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Prerna Dodeja
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Hamdan Albukhaytan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Taylor Laffey
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Nupur Chaphekar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Steve Caritis
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, School of Medicine, UPMC Magee-Women's Hospital, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Imam H Shaik
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
- Department of Pharmacy and Therapeutics, School of Pharmacy, University of Pittsburgh, 3501 Terrace Street, Room 7406, Salk Hall, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA.
| | - Raman Venkataramanan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
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Zhao W, Alshogran OY, Zhang H, Joshi A, Krans EE, Caritis S, Shaik IH, Venkataramanan R. Simplified processing and rapid quantification of buprenorphine, norbuprenorphine, and their conjugated metabolites in human plasma using UPLC-MS/MS: Assessment of buprenorphine exposure during opioid use disorder treatment. JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY : JMS 2024; 59:e5015. [PMID: 38501738 DOI: 10.1002/jms.5015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
Opioid use disorder (OUD) is a chronic neurobehavioral ailment and is prevalent in pregnancy. OUD is commonly treated with methadone or buprenorphine (BUP). Pregnancy is known to alter the pharmacokinetics of drugs and may lead to changes in drug exposure and response. A simple, specific, and sensitive analytical method for measuring the parent drug and its metabolites is valuable for assessing the impact of pregnancy on drug exposure. A new liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometric method that utilized a simple protein precipitation procedure for sample preparation and four deuterated internal standards for quantification was developed and validated for BUP and its major metabolites (norbuprenorphine [NBUP], buprenorphine-glucuronide [BUP-G], and norbuprenorphine-glucuronide [NBUP-G]) in human plasma. The standard curve was linear over the concentration range of 0.05-100 ng/mL for BUP and NBUP, and 0.1-200 ng/mL for BUP-G and NBUP-G. Intra- and inter-day bias and precision were within ±15% of nominal values for all the analytes. Quality controls assessed at four levels showed high recovery consistently for all the analytes with minimal matrix effect. Adequate analyte stability was observed at various laboratory conditions tested. Overall, the developed method is simple, sensitive, accurate and reproducible, and was successfully applied for the quantification of BUP and its metabolites in plasma samples collected from pregnant women in a clinical study assessing BUP exposure during OUD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenchen Zhao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Osama Y Alshogran
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Hongfei Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Anand Joshi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Elizabeth E Krans
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, School of Medicine, UPMC Magee-Women's Hospital, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Magee-Women's Research Institute, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Steve Caritis
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, School of Medicine, UPMC Magee-Women's Hospital, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Magee-Women's Research Institute, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Imam H Shaik
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Pharmacy and Therapeutics, School of Pharmacy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Raman Venkataramanan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Magee-Women's Research Institute, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
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Park YM, Meyer MR, Müller R, Herrmann J. Optimization of Mass Spectrometry Imaging for Drug Metabolism and Distribution Studies in the Zebrafish Larvae Model: A Case Study with the Opioid Antagonist Naloxone. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10076. [PMID: 37373226 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241210076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2023] [Revised: 06/04/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Zebrafish (ZF; Danio rerio) larvae have emerged as a promising in vivo model in drug metabolism studies. Here, we set out to ready this model for integrated mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) to comprehensively study the spatial distribution of drugs and their metabolites inside ZF larvae. In our pilot study with the overall goal to improve MSI protocols for ZF larvae, we investigated the metabolism of the opioid antagonist naloxone. We confirmed that the metabolic modification of naloxone is in high accordance with metabolites detected in HepaRG cells, human biosamples, and other in vivo models. In particular, all three major human metabolites were detected at high abundance in the ZF larvae model. Next, the in vivo distribution of naloxone was investigated in three body sections of ZF larvae using LC-HRMS/MS showing that the opioid antagonist is mainly present in the head and body sections, as suspected from published human pharmacological data. Having optimized sample preparation procedures for MSI (i.e., embedding layer composition, cryosectioning, and matrix composition and spraying), we were able to record MS images of naloxone and its metabolites in ZF larvae, providing highly informative distributional images. In conclusion, we demonstrate that all major ADMET (absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity) parameters, as part of in vivo pharmacokinetic studies, can be assessed in a simple and cost-effective ZF larvae model. Our established protocols for ZF larvae using naloxone are broadly applicable, particularly for MSI sample preparation, to various types of compounds, and they will help to predict and understand human metabolism and pharmacokinetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Mi Park
- Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), Campus E8 1, Saarland University, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
- Environmental Safety Group, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST) Europe, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
- Department of Pharmacy, Saarland University, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Markus R Meyer
- Center for Molecular Signaling (PZMS), Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Department of Experimental and Clinical Toxicology, Saarland University, 66421 Homburg, Germany
| | - Rolf Müller
- Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), Campus E8 1, Saarland University, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
- Department of Pharmacy, Saarland University, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), 38124 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Jennifer Herrmann
- Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), Campus E8 1, Saarland University, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), 38124 Braunschweig, Germany
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4
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Pang B, Zhang Y, Zhou Y, Liu ZF, Liu XJ, Feng XS. Recent Update on Pretreatment and Analysis Methods of Buprenorphine in Different Matrix. Crit Rev Anal Chem 2022:1-30. [PMID: 35979823 DOI: 10.1080/10408347.2022.2111196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Abstract
Buprenorphine is one of the most commonly used pain-killing drugs due to its lengthy duration of action and high potency. However, excessive usage of buprenorphine can be harmful to one's health and prolonged use might result in addiction. Additionally, an increasing number of cases have been documented involving the illegal use of buprenorphine. Therefore, a variety of effective and reliable methods for pretreatment and determination of buprenorphine and its main metabolite norbuprenorphine have been established. This review aims to update the current state of pretreatment and detection techniques for buprenorphine and norbuprenorphine from January 2010 to March 2022. Pretreatment methods include several traditional extraction methods, solid-phase extraction, QuECHERS, various micro-extraction techniques, etc. while analytical methods include LC-MS, LC coupled with other detectors, GC-MS, capillary electrophoresis, electrochemical sensors, etc. The pros and cons of various techniques were compared and summarized, and the prospects were provided. HIGHLIGHTSProgress in pretreatment and detection methods for buprenorphine is demonstrated.Pros and cons of different pretreatment and analysis methods are compared.New materials (such as nanomaterials and magnetic materials) used in buprenorphine pretreatment are summarized.Newly emerged environmental-friendly methods are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Pang
- The Queen's University of Belfast Joint College, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yuan Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yu Zhou
- Department of Pharmacy, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Zhi-Fei Liu
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xiao-Jun Liu
- The Queen's University of Belfast Joint College, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xue-Song Feng
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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Shan X, Zhang L, Yang B. Review of LC techniques for determination of methadone and its metabolite in the biological samples. Prep Biochem Biotechnol 2021; 51:953-960. [PMID: 34365899 DOI: 10.1080/10826068.2021.1952598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Methadone (MTD) is a synthetic analgesic drug used for treating opioid dependence and effectively used clinically for patients with severe pain. The abuse of MTD may lead to poisoning, disorder in the central nervous system and even death. The regular monitoring of MTD in biological matrices including serum, plasma and urine samples is an effective way to control abuse of MTD. In this manner, the selection of analytical monitoring of MTD in biological matrices is of paramount importance. This study was conducted to review high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) techniques carried out on MTD and its main metabolite 2-ethylidene-1,5-dimethyl-3,3-diphenylpyrrolidine (EDDP) in the biological samples during 2015-June 2021.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyue Shan
- Hangzhou Occupational Disease Prevention and Control Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Hangzhou Occupational Disease Prevention and Control Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Bingsheng Yang
- Hangzhou Occupational Disease Prevention and Control Hospital, Hangzhou, China
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6
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Mariottini C, Gergov M, Ojanperä I. Determination of buprenorphine, norbuprenorphine, naloxone, and their glucuronides in urine by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Drug Test Anal 2021; 13:1658-1667. [PMID: 34047070 DOI: 10.1002/dta.3104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Revised: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
A liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method for the simultaneous quantification of buprenorphine (BUP), norbuprenorphine (NBUP), naloxone (NAL), and their glucuronide conjugates BUP-G, NBUP-G, and NAL-G in urine samples was developed. The method, omitting a hydrolysis step, involved non-polar solid-phase extraction, liquid chromatography on a C18 column, electrospray positive ionization, and mass analysis by multiple reaction monitoring. Quantification was based on the corresponding deuterium-labelled internal standards for each of the six analytes. The limit of quantification was 0.5 μg/L for BUP and NAL, 1 μg/L for NAL-G, and 3 μg/L for NBUP, BUP-G, and NBUP-G. Using the developed method, 72 urine samples from buprenorphine-dependent patients were analysed to cover the concentration ranges encountered in a clinical setting. The median (maximum) concentration was 4.2 μg/L (102 μg/L) for BUP, 74.7 μg/L (580 μg/L) for NBUP, 0.9 μg/L (85.5 μg/L) for NAL, 159.5 μg/L (1370 μg/L) for BUP-G, 307.5 μg/L (1970 μg/L) for NBUP-G, and 79.6 μg/L (2310 μg/L) for NAL-G.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Mariottini
- Department of Forensic Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Forensic Toxicology Unit, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Merja Gergov
- Forensic Toxicology Unit, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Ilkka Ojanperä
- Department of Forensic Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Forensic Toxicology Unit, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
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Shaabani N, Chan NWC, Jemere AB. A Molecularly Imprinted Sol-Gel Electrochemical Sensor for Naloxone Determination. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 11:631. [PMID: 33802590 PMCID: PMC8001154 DOI: 10.3390/nano11030631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Revised: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
A molecularly imprinted sol-gel is reported for selective and sensitive electrochemical determination of the drug naloxone (NLX). The sensor was developed by combining molecular imprinting and sol-gel techniques and electrochemically grafting the sol solution onto a functionalized multiwall carbon nanotube modified indium-tin oxide (ITO) electrode. The sol-gel layer was obtained from acid catalyzed hydrolysis and condensation of a solution composed of triethoxyphenylsilane (TEPS) and tetraethoxysilane (TES). The fabrication, structure and properties of the sensing material were characterized via scanning electron microscopy, spectroscopy and electrochemical techniques. Parameters affecting the sensor's performance were evaluated and optimized. A sensor fabricated under the optimized conditions responded linearly between 0.0 µM and 12 µM NLX, with a detection limit of 0.02 µM. The sensor also showed good run-to-run repeatability and batch-to-batch performance reproducibility with relative standard deviations (RSD) of 2.5-7.8% (n = 3) and 9.2% (n = 4), respectively. The developed sensor displayed excellent selectivity towards NLX compared to structurally similar compounds (codeine, fentanyl, naltrexone and noroxymorphone), and was successfully used to measure NLX in synthetic urine samples yielding recoveries greater than 88%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narges Shaabani
- Nanotechnology Research Centre, National Research Council Canada, Edmonton, AB T6G 2M9, Canada;
| | - Nora W. C. Chan
- Defence Research and Development Canada—Suffield Research Centre, Medicine Hat, AB T1A 8K6, Canada;
| | - Abebaw B. Jemere
- Nanotechnology Research Centre, National Research Council Canada, Edmonton, AB T6G 2M9, Canada;
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8
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Psychoactive substances in human breast milk: a review of analytical strategies for their investigation. Bioanalysis 2020; 12:1263-1274. [DOI: 10.4155/bio-2020-0155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
WHO recommends breastfeeding for the first 6 months of newborn's life. Due to its physicochemical properties, breast milk may contain undesirable components originated from mother's feeding, medication and illicit drugs consumption. Some of these substances transferred from bloodstream to milk and delivered to the infant can cause harmful effects. For the last decades, analytical advances enabled the analysis of several substances in milk using different techniques. Thereby, it is possible to evaluate infant's level of exposure to these substances. This review presents the information published in the main scientific dissemination media about psychoactive drugs investigation in human breast milk, involving the sample preparation techniques and chromatographic validated methods developed in the past 10 years.
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Gel electromembrane extraction using rotating electrode: A new strategy for mass transfer enhancement of basic drugs from real human urine samples. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2020; 1152:122258. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2020.122258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Revised: 06/25/2020] [Accepted: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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10
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Mohammadi F, Shabani AMH, Dadfarnia S, Ansari M, Asgharinezhad AA. Dispersive solid-phase extraction of buprenorphine from biological fluids using metal-organic frameworks and its determination by ultra-performance liquid chromatography. J Sep Sci 2020; 43:3045-3052. [PMID: 32415752 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.202000221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Revised: 05/04/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
In this work, various types of metal-organic frameworks were synthesized, and their affinities toward buprenorphine were evaluated using dispersive solid-phase extraction. The extracted buprenorphine was determined by ultra high performance liquid chromatography-ultraviolet detection system. The highest extraction recovery was observed by employing zeolitic imidazole framework-67. Then, a facile and fast extraction method was designed for the extraction and purification of the target drug. Optimization of the extraction method was carried out by the design of experiment approach. A linearity range of 1-1000 μg/L with the limit of detection of 0.15 μg/L and relative standard deviations (50 μg/L, n = 5) of 3.4% was obtained for standard sample analysis. Under optimized experimental and instrumental conditions, the relative recoveries were in the range of 95 to 111%. Eventually, zeolitic imidazole framework-67 was successfully employed for the extraction and determination of buprenorphine in the biological fluids with satisfactory results.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Mehdi Ansari
- Department of Drug and Food Control, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
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Cohier C, Salle S, Fontova A, Mégarbane B, Roussel O. Determination of buprenorphine, naloxone and phase I and phase II metabolites in rat whole blood by LC-MS/MS. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2019; 180:113042. [PMID: 31865207 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2019.113042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2019] [Revised: 12/09/2019] [Accepted: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Buprenorphine and buprenorphine/naloxone combination are maintenance treatments used worldwide. However, since their marketing, despite ceiling respiratory effects, poisonings and fatalities have been attributed to buprenorphine misuse and overdose. Therefore, to better understand the mechanisms of buprenorphine-related toxicity in vivo, experimental investigations have been conducted, mainly in the rat. We developed a liquid chromatographic-tandem mass spectrometric (LC-MS/MS) method with electrospray ionization for the simultaneous quantification of buprenorphine, naloxone and their metabolites (norbuprenorphine, buprenorphine glucuronide, norbuprenorphine glucuronide and naloxone glucuronide) in rat whole blood. Compounds were extracted from whole blood by protein precipitation and chromatographically separated using gradient elution of aqueous ammonium formate and methanol in a Raptor Biphenyl core-shell column (100 mm x 3,0 mm x 2,7 μm). Following electrospray ionization, quantification was carried out in the multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mode by the tandem mass spectrometer API 3200 system. The LC-MS/MS method was validated according to the currently accepted criteria for bioanalytical method validation. The method required small sample volumes (50 μL) and was sensitive with limits of quantification of 6.9, 6.2, 3.6, 3.3, 1.3 and 57.7 ng/mL for buprenorphine, norbuprenorphine, buprenorphine glucuronide, norbuprenorphine glucuronide, naloxone and naloxone glucuronide respectively. The upper limit of quantification was 4000 ng/ml for all the studied compounds. Trueness (88-115 %), repeatability and intermediate precision (both <15%) were in accordance with the international recommendations. The procedure was successfully used to quantify these compounds in the whole blood sample from one rat 24 h after the intravenous administration of buprenorphine/naloxone (30.0/7.5 mg/kg).
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Affiliation(s)
- Camille Cohier
- Inserm, U1144, Paris, France; Paris-Descartes University, UMR-S 1144, Paris, France; Paris-Diderot University, UMR-S 1144, Paris, France; Forensic Toxicology Unit, Forensic Sciences Institute of the French Gendarmerie, Pontoise, France
| | - Sophie Salle
- Forensic Toxicology Unit, Forensic Sciences Institute of the French Gendarmerie, Pontoise, France
| | - Anne Fontova
- Forensic Toxicology Unit, Forensic Sciences Institute of the French Gendarmerie, Pontoise, France
| | - Bruno Mégarbane
- Inserm, U1144, Paris, France; Paris-Descartes University, UMR-S 1144, Paris, France; Paris-Diderot University, UMR-S 1144, Paris, France; Department of Medical and Toxicological Critical Care, Lariboisière Hospital, Paris, France.
| | - Olivier Roussel
- Inserm, U1144, Paris, France; Paris-Descartes University, UMR-S 1144, Paris, France; Paris-Diderot University, UMR-S 1144, Paris, France; Forensic Toxicology Unit, Forensic Sciences Institute of the French Gendarmerie, Pontoise, France
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12
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Ito S. Opioids in Breast Milk: Pharmacokinetic Principles and Clinical Implications. J Clin Pharmacol 2019; 58 Suppl 10:S151-S163. [PMID: 30248201 DOI: 10.1002/jcph.1113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2017] [Accepted: 02/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Safety of maternal drug therapy during breastfeeding may be assessed from estimated levels of drug exposure of the infant through milk. Pharmacokinetic (PK) principles predict that the lower the clearance is, the higher the infant dose via milk will be. Drugs with low clearance (<1 mL/[kg·min]) are likely to cause an infant exposure level greater than 10% of the weight-adjusted maternal dose even if the milk-to-plasma concentration ratio is 1. Most drugs cause relatively low-level exposure below 10% of the weight-adjusted maternal dose, but opioids require caution because of their potential for severe adverse effects. Furthermore, substantial individual variations of drug clearance exist in both mother and infant, potentially causing drug accumulation over time in some infants even if an estimated dose of the drug through milk is small. Such PK differences among individuals are known not only for codeine and tramadol through pharmacogenetic variants of CYP2D6 but also for non-CYP2D6 substrate opioids including oxycodone, indicating difficulties of eliminating PK uncertainty by simply replacing an opioid with another. Overall, opioid use for pain management during labor and delivery and subsequent short-term use for 2-3 days are compatible with breastfeeding. In contrast, newly initiated and prolonged maternal opioid therapy must follow a close monitoring program of the opioid-naive infants. Until more safety data become available, treatment duration of newly initiated opioids in the postpartum period should be limited to 2-3 days in unsupervised outpatient settings. Opioid addiction treatment with methadone and buprenorphine during pregnancy may continue into breastfeeding, but infant conditions must be monitored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinya Ito
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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13
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Highly selective extraction and voltammetric determination of the opioid drug buprenorphine via a carbon paste electrode impregnated with nano-sized molecularly imprinted polymer. Mikrochim Acta 2019; 186:654. [DOI: 10.1007/s00604-019-3736-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2019] [Accepted: 08/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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14
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Li J, Zhao L, Wei C, Sun Z, Zhao S, Cai T, Gong B. Preparation of restricted access media molecularly imprinted polymers for efficient separation and enrichment ofloxacin in bovine serum samples. J Sep Sci 2019; 42:2491-2499. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201900103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2019] [Revised: 05/13/2019] [Accepted: 05/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jianmin Li
- North Minzu UniversityDepartment of School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Yinchuan P. R. China
| | - Lijuan Zhao
- North Minzu UniversityDepartment of School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Yinchuan P. R. China
- Ningxia entry‐exit inspection and quarantine bureau comprehensive technology center Yinchuan P. R. China
| | - Chanling Wei
- North Minzu UniversityDepartment of School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Yinchuan P. R. China
- Ningxia entry‐exit inspection and quarantine bureau comprehensive technology center Yinchuan P. R. China
| | - Zhian Sun
- North Minzu UniversityDepartment of School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Yinchuan P. R. China
| | - Shanwen Zhao
- North Minzu UniversityDepartment of School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Yinchuan P. R. China
| | - Tianpei Cai
- North Minzu UniversityDepartment of School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Yinchuan P. R. China
| | - Bolin Gong
- North Minzu UniversityDepartment of School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Yinchuan P. R. China
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15
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Simultaneous quantification of high-dose naloxone and naloxone-3-β-d-glucuronide in human plasma by UHPLC-MS/MS. Bioanalysis 2019; 11:165-173. [PMID: 30661370 DOI: 10.4155/bio-2018-0134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: High-dose administration of the μ-opioid receptor inverse agonist naloxone (NX), has previously been demonstrated to reinstate nocifensive behavior in the late phase of inflammatory injuries. However, no current analytical methods can provide pharmacokinetic insight into the pharmacodynamic response of high-dose administration of NX. Materials & methods: Based on protein precipitation using 50 μl human plasma, NX and naloxone-β-d-glucuronide (NXG) was analysed by UHPLC-MS/MS with 6 min cycle time. Results: A method for quantification of high-dose administered NX and NXG was developed and validated with intra- and interday precision and accuracy within ≤8.5% relative standard deviation (RSD) and -1.2-5.5% relative error (RE) for NX and ≤9.6% RSD and 0.6-6.5% RE for NXG. The method show excellent internal standard corrected matrix effects. Conclusion: A rapid UHPLC-MS/MS method was developed for quantification of NX and NXG in human plasma within 10-4000 ng/ml.
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Supporting breastfeeding for infants born to opioid dependent mothers June 18, 2018. Nurs Outlook 2018; 66:496-498. [DOI: 10.1016/j.outlook.2018.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Magnetic molecularly imprinted polymer nanoparticles for dispersive micro solid-phase extraction and determination of buprenorphine in human urine samples by HPLC-FL. JOURNAL OF THE IRANIAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s13738-018-1355-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Ganjavi F, Ansari M, Kazemipour M, Zeidabadinejad L. Computer-aided design and synthesis of a highly selective molecularly imprinted polymer for the extraction and determination of buprenorphine in biological fluids. J Sep Sci 2017; 40:3175-3182. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201700213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2017] [Revised: 05/23/2017] [Accepted: 05/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Farideh Ganjavi
- Department of Chemistry, Kerman Branch; Islamic Azad University; Kerman Iran
| | - Mehdi Ansari
- Department of Drug and food control, Faculty of Pharmacy; Kerman University of Medical Sciences; Kerman Iran
| | - Maryam Kazemipour
- Department of Chemistry, Kerman Branch; Islamic Azad University; Kerman Iran
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Jansson LM, Spencer N, McConnell K, Velez M, Tuten M, Harrow CA, Jones HE, Swortwood MJ, Barnes AJ, Scheidweiler KB, Huestis MA. Maternal Buprenorphine Maintenance and Lactation. J Hum Lact 2016; 32:675-681. [PMID: 27563013 DOI: 10.1177/0890334416663198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In addition to the well-known benefits of human milk and breastfeeding for the mother and infant, breastfeeding may mitigate neonatal abstinence syndrome severity in prenatally opioid-exposed infants. However, lack of conclusive data regarding the extent of the presence of buprenorphine and active metabolites in human milk makes the recommendation of breastfeeding for buprenorphine-maintained women difficult for many providers. OBJECTIVE This study seeks to determine the concentrations of buprenorphine and its active metabolites (norbuprenorphine, buprenorphine-glucuronide, and norbuprenorphine-glucuronide) in human milk, maternal plasma, and infant plasma of buprenorphine-maintained women and their infants. METHODS Up to 10 buprenorphine-maintained women provided paired breast milk and plasma samples at 2, 3, 4, 14, and 30 days postdelivery, and 9 infants provided plasma samples on day 14 of life. All samples were analyzed via liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry to determine concentrations of buprenorphine, norbuprenorphine, buprenorphine-glucuronide, and norbuprenorphine-glucuronide by a fully validated method. RESULTS Concentrations of buprenorphine and metabolites are low in human milk and maternal plasma. Breastfed infant plasma concentrations of buprenorphine were low or undetectable and metabolite concentrations undetectable at 14 days of infant age. There were significant correlations between maternal buprenorphine dose and maternal plasma and human milk buprenorphine concentrations. CONCLUSION These data find low concentrations of buprenorphine and metabolites in human milk and lend support to the recommendation for lactation among stable buprenorphine-maintained women. However, the correlation between maternal dose and maternal plasma and human milk buprenorphine concentrations bears further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren M Jansson
- 1 Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Nancy Spencer
- 2 Johns Hopkins Bayview Medical Center, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | - Martha Velez
- 1 Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | | | | | - Madeleine J Swortwood
- 5 Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics Research Branch, National Institute on Drug Abuse, Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Allan J Barnes
- 5 Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics Research Branch, National Institute on Drug Abuse, Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Karl B Scheidweiler
- 5 Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics Research Branch, National Institute on Drug Abuse, Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
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