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Xiao Z, Wang J, Cao Y, Yao T, Wang S, Liu J, Suo D, Tian J, Jia Z, Li Y, Fan X. Quick and high-throughput quantification of 22 β-agonists residues in animal-derived foods using enzymatic probe sonication. Food Chem 2023; 408:135262. [PMID: 36571879 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.135262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Revised: 11/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
A high demand exists in veterinary drug residual analysis for rapid, automatic and high-throughput analytical techniques that produce data simultaneous and faster. Here, we describe a combined automated solid-phase extraction (SPE) and enzymatic probe sonication (EPS), subsequently ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) for the quick extraction, automated clean-up as well as simultaneous quantification of 22 β-agonists residues in animal-derived foods. Enhanced by the ultrasonic probe, only 2 min was needed for exhaustively extraction of β-agonists from foods of animal-origin; whereas traditional enzymatic digestion methods require hours or even days, which making it more appropriate for high-throughput biomonitoring. Moreover, the clean-up and pre-concentration procedures were conducted on the automatic SPE, which allowed 36 samples being performed simultaneously within 30 min. The method was successfully applied for analyzing 56 animal-derived food samples, 53.6 % of which contained detectable levels of at least one kind of β-agonists. Interestingly, both the detection rate and residual level of β-agonists in the ruminants (bovine and sheep) were higher as compared with the swine. Concerning the real food samples analyzed, the findings of this study suggest that stricter measures should be adopted to control the illegal usage of β-agonists on the farm animals, particularly for the ruminants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiming Xiao
- Institute of Quality Standard and Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Jun Wang
- Beijing General Station of Animal Husbandry, Beijing 100107, China
| | - Ying Cao
- Shanghai Institute for Veterinary Drugs and Feeds Control, Shanghai 201103, China
| | - Ting Yao
- Beijing Veterinary Drug and Feed Monitoring Center, Beijing 102200, China
| | - Shi Wang
- Institute of Quality Standard and Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Jia Liu
- Beijing Veterinary Drug and Feed Monitoring Center, Beijing 102200, China
| | - Decheng Suo
- Institute of Quality Standard and Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Jing Tian
- Institute of Quality Standard and Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Zheng Jia
- Institute of Quality Standard and Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Yang Li
- Institute of Quality Standard and Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Xia Fan
- Institute of Quality Standard and Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China.
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2
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El Hanafi K, Gomez-Gomez B, Pedrero Z, Bustamante P, Cherel Y, Amouroux D, Madrid Y. Simple and rapid formic acid sample treatment for the isolation of HgSe nanoparticles from animal tissues. Anal Chim Acta 2023; 1250:340952. [PMID: 36898809 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2023.340952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Abstract
The present work explores for the first time the potential of formic acid on the extraction of tiemannite (HgSe) nanoparticles from seabird tissues, in particular giant petrels. Mercury (Hg) is considered one of the top ten chemicals of major public health concern. However, the fate and metabolic pathways of Hg in living organisms remain unknown. Methylmercury (MeHg), largely produced by microbial activity in the aquatic ecosystems is biomagnified in the trophic web. HgSe is considered the end-product of MeHg demethylation in biota and an increasing number of studies focuses on the characterization of this solid compound to understand its biomineralization. In this study, a conventional enzymatic treatment is compared with a simpler and environmentally friendly extraction by using formic acid (5 mL of = 50 % formic acid) as exclusive reagent. The analyses by spICP-MS of the resulting extracts from a variety of seabird biological tissues (liver, kidneys, brain, muscle) reveal comparable results by both extraction approaches in terms of nanoparticles stability and extraction efficiency. Therefore, the results included in this work demonstrate the good performance of employing organic acid as simple, cost effective and green procedure to extract HgSe nanoparticles from animal tissues. Moreover, an alternative consisting of a classical enzymatic procedure but with ultrasonic assistance reducing the extraction time from 12 h to 2 min is also described for the first time. The sample processing methodologies developed, combined with spICP-MS, have emerged as powerful tools for the rapid screening and quantification of HgSe nanoparticles in animal tissues. Finally, this combination allowed us to identify the possible occurrence of Cd particles and As particles associated with HgSe NPs in seabirds.
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Affiliation(s)
- K El Hanafi
- Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour, E2S UPPA, CNRS, IPREM, Institut des Sciences Analytiques et de Physico-chimie pour l'Environnement et les Matériaux, Pau, France
| | - B Gomez-Gomez
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, 28040, Spain
| | - Z Pedrero
- Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour, E2S UPPA, CNRS, IPREM, Institut des Sciences Analytiques et de Physico-chimie pour l'Environnement et les Matériaux, Pau, France.
| | - P Bustamante
- Littoral Environnement et Sociétés (LIENSs), UMR 7266 CNRS- La Rochelle Université, 2 Rue Olympe de Gouges, 17000, La Rochelle, France; Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), 1 Rue Descartes, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Y Cherel
- Centre d'Etudes Biologiques de Chizé, UMR 7372 CNRS-La Rochelle Université, 79360, Villiers-en-Bois, France
| | - D Amouroux
- Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour, E2S UPPA, CNRS, IPREM, Institut des Sciences Analytiques et de Physico-chimie pour l'Environnement et les Matériaux, Pau, France
| | - Y Madrid
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, 28040, Spain
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3
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Wang T, Zhao Y, Wang M. Organic Selenium Compounds Determination in the Complex Matrix by the 1H-77Se HMBC Method. Microchem J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2022.108032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/07/2022]
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4
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Zhang L, Zhang Y, Li S, Li C, Hu X, Li Z, Yue T, Hu Z. Effect of the selenized yeast added in feed on selenium-containing proteins of albumins in egg yolk. Food Chem 2022; 402:134435. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.134435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Revised: 09/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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5
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Ferreira SL, Cerda V, Portugal LA, Gonçalves LB, Santos Neto JH, Pereira Junior JB, Palacio E. State of the art of the methods proposed for selenium speciation analysis by CVG-AFS. Trends Analyt Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2022.116617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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6
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Kantorová V, Kaňa A, Krausová G, Hyršlová I, Mestek O. Effect of protease XXIII on selenium species interconversion during their extraction from biological samples. J Food Compost Anal 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2021.104260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Xiao Z, Wang S, Suo D, Wang R, Huang Y, Su X. Enzymatic probe sonication for quick extraction of total bisphenols from animal-derived foods: Applicability to occurrence and exposure assessment. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 292:118457. [PMID: 34742818 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.118457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Revised: 10/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
A high demand exists in bisphenols (BPs) screening studies for quick, reliable and straightforward analytical methods that generate data faster and simultaneously. Herein, we describe a combination of enzymatic probe sonication (EPS) and ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) for quick extraction and simultaneous quantification of eight important BPs in animal-derived foods. Results obtained demonstrated that the ultrasonic probe power could not only enhance the enzymatic hydrolysis efficiency, but also accelerate the liquid-liquid extraction procedure. Under optimized EPS parameters, one sample could be exhaustively extracted within 120 s, as compared with 12 h needed for the conventional enzymatic extraction which is more suitable for high-throughput analysis. The method was successfully applied to analyze residual BPs in animal-derived foods collected from Beijing, China. Widespread occurrence of BPA, BPS, BPF, BPAF, BPP, and BPB were found, with detection frequencies of 65.2%, 42.4%, 33.7%, 29.4%, 28.3%, and 27.2%, respectively. The highest total concentration levels of BPs (sum of the eight BPs analyzed, ΣBPs) were found in chicken liver (mean 12.2 μg/kg), followed by swine liver (6.37 μg/kg), bovine muscle (3.24 μg/kg), egg (2.03 μg/kg), sheep muscle (2.03 μg/kg), chicken muscle (1.45 μg/kg), swine muscle (1.42 μg/kg), and milk (1.17 μg/kg). The estimated daily intake (EDI) of BPs, based on the mean and 95th percentile concentrations and daily food consumptions, was estimated to be 5.687 ng/kg bw/d and 22.71 ng/kg bw/d, respectively. The human health risk assessment in this work suggests that currently BPs do not pose significant risks to the consumers because the hazard index (HI) was <1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiming Xiao
- Institute of Quality Standard and Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Shi Wang
- Institute of Quality Standard and Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Decheng Suo
- Institute of Quality Standard and Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Ruiguo Wang
- Institute of Quality Standard and Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Yuan Huang
- Institute of Quality Standard and Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Xiaoou Su
- Institute of Quality Standard and Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China.
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Wei Y, Zhang J, Qiu S, Huang Q, Yuan L, Chen L, Dai T, Tu T, Zhang B, Yan H, Li W. Selenium Species Determination in Se-Enriched Grain Crops with Foliar Spray of Sodium Selenite by IP-RP-HPLC-UV-HG-AFS. FOOD ANAL METHOD 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s12161-021-01975-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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Abdillah A, Sonawane PM, Kim D, Mametov D, Shimodaira S, Park Y, Churchill DG. Discussions of Fluorescence in Selenium Chemistry: Recently Reported Probes, Particles, and a Clearer Biological Knowledge. Molecules 2021; 26:692. [PMID: 33525729 PMCID: PMC7866183 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26030692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Revised: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
In this review from literature appearing over about the past 5 years, we focus on selected selenide reports and related chemistry; we aimed for a digestible, relevant, review intended to be usefully interconnected within the realm of fluorescence and selenium chemistry. Tellurium is mentioned where relevant. Topics include selenium in physics and surfaces, nanoscience, sensing and fluorescence, quantum dots and nanoparticles, Au and oxide nanoparticles quantum dot based, coatings and catalyst poisons, thin film, and aspects of solar energy conversion. Chemosensing is covered, whether small molecule or nanoparticle based, relating to metal ion analytes, H2S, as well as analyte sulfane (biothiols-including glutathione). We cover recent reports of probing and fluorescence when they deal with redox biology aspects. Selenium in therapeutics, medicinal chemistry and skeleton cores is covered. Selenium serves as a constituent for some small molecule sensors and probes. Typically, the selenium is part of the reactive, or active site of the probe; in other cases, it is featured as the analyte, either as a reduced or oxidized form of selenium. Free radicals and ROS are also mentioned; aggregation strategies are treated in some places. Also, the relationship between reduced selenium and oxidized selenium is developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ariq Abdillah
- Molecular Logic Gate Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Korea; (A.A.); (P.M.S.); (D.K.); (D.M.); (S.S.); (Y.P.)
| | - Prasad M. Sonawane
- Molecular Logic Gate Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Korea; (A.A.); (P.M.S.); (D.K.); (D.M.); (S.S.); (Y.P.)
| | - Donghyeon Kim
- Molecular Logic Gate Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Korea; (A.A.); (P.M.S.); (D.K.); (D.M.); (S.S.); (Y.P.)
| | - Dooronbek Mametov
- Molecular Logic Gate Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Korea; (A.A.); (P.M.S.); (D.K.); (D.M.); (S.S.); (Y.P.)
| | - Shingo Shimodaira
- Molecular Logic Gate Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Korea; (A.A.); (P.M.S.); (D.K.); (D.M.); (S.S.); (Y.P.)
| | - Yunseon Park
- Molecular Logic Gate Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Korea; (A.A.); (P.M.S.); (D.K.); (D.M.); (S.S.); (Y.P.)
| | - David G. Churchill
- Molecular Logic Gate Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Korea; (A.A.); (P.M.S.); (D.K.); (D.M.); (S.S.); (Y.P.)
- Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34141, Korea
- KAIST Institute for Health Science and Technology (KIHST) (Therapeutic Bioengineering), Daejeon 34141, Korea
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Xiao Z, Wang J, Guo J, Suo D, Wang S, Tian J, Guo L, Fan X. Quantitative selenium speciation in feed by enzymatic probe sonication and ion chromatography-inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess 2021; 38:268-279. [PMID: 33405994 DOI: 10.1080/19440049.2020.1849820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
A rapid, sensitive and species preservative analytical method for the simultaneous determination of six selenium (Se) species has been developed. Enzymatic probe sonication (EPS) was investigated as a novel and alternative technology for the extraction of Se species from feed matrices and the results were compared with the conventional hot water extraction, enzymatic hydrolysis and sequential extraction. The critical parameters of EPS such as enzyme types, extraction time, temperature, ultrasonic power and sample/enzyme ratio were varied with control. The Se species were separated and quantitatively determined by ion chromatography-inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (IC-ICP-MS). Under current optimised conditions, six inorganic and organic Se species were completely separated within 15 min in a single chromatographic run. The spectral interferences from the argon plasma 40Ar2, 40Ar37Cl or 1H79Br were effectively removed by employing the kinetic energy discrimination (KED) mode. Quantitative extraction for total Se (>94.8%) and more than 89.0% for the sum of different Se chemical forms without species transformation were obtained in only 60 s by applying the EPS treatment using aqueous protease XIV. The limits of detection (LODs) and quantification (LOQs) for Se species were in the ranges of 0.21-0.56 µg kg-1 and 0.69-1.87 µg kg-1, respectively. The proposed method was successfully applied to the speciation of Se in several reference materials and feed samples collected from the markets and local farms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiming Xiao
- Institute of Quality Standard and Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Beijing, China
| | - Jitong Wang
- Beijing Institute of Feed Control , Beijing, China
| | - Jiangpeng Guo
- Beijing General Station of Animal Husbandry , Beijing, China
| | - Decheng Suo
- Institute of Quality Standard and Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Beijing, China
| | - Shi Wang
- Institute of Quality Standard and Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Beijing, China
| | - Jing Tian
- Institute of Quality Standard and Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Beijing, China
| | - Lili Guo
- Institute of Quality Standard and Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Beijing, China
| | - Xia Fan
- Institute of Quality Standard and Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Beijing, China
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Hu Z, Yao Y, Lv M, Zhang Y, Zhang L, Yuan Y, Yue T. Isolation and identification of three water-soluble selenoproteins in Se-enriched Agaricus blazei Murrill. Food Chem 2020; 344:128691. [PMID: 33248838 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.128691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2020] [Revised: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Selenoproteins in selenium (Se)-enriched vegetables play an important role in human health. In this study, three water-soluble selenoproteins PR-Se-1, PR-Se-2 and PR-Se-3 in Agaricus blazei Murrill (ABM) were isolated by anion exchange chromatography, gel filtration chromatography and SDS-PAGE. Sequence analyses performed by HPLC-MS/MS showed that PR-Se-1, a 114024 Da selenoprotein with 1019 amino acids (AAs), is an isoenzyme of isocitrate dehydrogenase. PR-Se-2, a 53983 Da selenoprotein with 508 AAs, is a kind of dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase. PR-Se-3, a 47179 Da selenoprotein with 415 AAs, is a kind d-proline reductase. Se content is high at 26.1 μg/g, and selenocystine is the predominant Se unit in the three selenoproteins. Se content of ABM is 9.15 μg/g, and the organic form of Se accounts for ~81% of total Se content. ABM could be a promising source of Se in Se-poor regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongqiu Hu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China; Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Agro-products (Yangling), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People's Republic of China, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Yuanxi Yao
- Logistic Affairs Department, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710054, China
| | - Meng Lv
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China; Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Agro-products (Yangling), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People's Republic of China, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yiqian Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China; Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Agro-products (Yangling), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People's Republic of China, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Lin Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China; Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Agro-products (Yangling), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People's Republic of China, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yahong Yuan
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China; Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Agro-products (Yangling), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People's Republic of China, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Tianli Yue
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China; Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Agro-products (Yangling), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People's Republic of China, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China.
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Pyrzynska K, Sentkowska A. Liquid chromatographic analysis of selenium species in plant materials. Trends Analyt Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2018.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Constantinescu-Aruxandei D, Frîncu RM, Capră L, Oancea F. Selenium Analysis and Speciation in Dietary Supplements Based on Next-Generation Selenium Ingredients. Nutrients 2018; 10:E1466. [PMID: 30304813 PMCID: PMC6213372 DOI: 10.3390/nu10101466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2018] [Revised: 10/02/2018] [Accepted: 10/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Selenium is essential for humans and the deficit of Se requires supplementation. In addition to traditional forms such as Se salts, amino acids, or selenium-enriched yeast supplements, next-generation selenium supplements, with lower risk for excess supplementation, are emerging. These are based on selenium forms with lower toxicity, higher bioavailability, and controlled release, such as zerovalent selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) and selenized polysaccharides (SPs). This article aims to focus on the existing analytical systems for the next-generation Se dietary supplement, providing, at the same time, an overview of the analytical methods available for the traditional forms. The next-generation dietary supplements are evaluated in comparison with the conventional/traditional ones, as well as the analysis and speciation methods that are suitable to reveal which Se forms and species are present in a dietary supplement. Knowledge gaps and further research potential in this field are highlighted. The review indicates that the methods of analysis of next-generation selenium supplements should include a step related to chemical species separation. Such a step would allow a proper characterization of the selenium forms/species, including molecular mass/dimension, and substantiates the marketing claims related to the main advantages of these new selenium ingredients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Constantinescu-Aruxandei
- National Research & Development Institute for Chemistry and Petrochemistry ICECHIM, 202 Splaiul Independentei, 060021 Bucharest, Romania.
| | - Rodica Mihaela Frîncu
- INCDCP-ICECHIM Calarasi Subsidiary, 7A Nicolae Titulescu St., 915300 Lehliu Gara, Romania.
| | - Luiza Capră
- National Research & Development Institute for Chemistry and Petrochemistry ICECHIM, 202 Splaiul Independentei, 060021 Bucharest, Romania.
| | - Florin Oancea
- National Research & Development Institute for Chemistry and Petrochemistry ICECHIM, 202 Splaiul Independentei, 060021 Bucharest, Romania.
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