Higher frequency of paraoxonase gene polymorphism and cardiovascular impairment among Brazilian Fabry Disease patients

Association of SNPs in Lipid Metabolism Gene Single Nucleotide Polymorphism with the Risk of Obesity in Children

Background: Obesity is one of the most common metabolic disorders in the world, which develops due to an imbalance in energy consumption and expenditure, and both genetic and environmental factors are of great importance. We investigated the potential interactions of single nucleotide polymorphisms that might contribute to the development of polygenic obesity in children. Objective: The study involved 367 children and adolescents of both sexes aged from 4 to 18 years. The control group (normal weight) and the overweight groups included 65 and 302 children respectively. Methods: DNA for analysis was isolated from peripheral blood lymphocytes, then allelic variants rs99305069 of the FTO gene (chr16:53786615), Gln192Arg of the PON1 gene (chr7: 95308134), -250G>A of the LIPC gene (chr15: 58431740), and Ser447Ter of the LPL gene (chr8:19957678) were studied using the SNP-Express reagent kit. The results of allelic interactions were analyzed using the multifactor dimensionality reduction method. Results and Discussion: Among overweight children, the distribution of genotype and allele frequencies for the studied single nucleotide polymorphisms of the four genes corresponded to those of the control group (p > 0.05). It was found that in obese children SerSer homozygotes at the Ser447Ter polymorphism of the LPL gene, had serum triglyceride (TG) levels 2.3 times higher than in children with the same genotype from the control group. In overweight Ser447Ter heterozygotes (p < 0.0001), the TG level exceeded the control values by only 13% (p = 0.044). A two-locus genotype FTO AT/LPL SerTer, was associated with a reduced risk of childhood obesity.

Combined proteomic and lipidomic studies in Pompe disease allow a better disease mechanism understanding

Pompe disease (PD) is caused by deficiency of the enzyme acid α-glucosidase resulting in glycogen accumulation in lysosomes. Clinical symptoms include skeletal myopathy, respiratory failure, and cardiac hypertrophy. We studied plasma proteomic and lipidomic profiles in 12 PD patients compared to age-matched controls. The proteomic profiles were analyzed by nLC-MS/MS SWATH method. Wide-targeted lipidomic analysis was performed by LC-IMS/MS, allowing to quantify >1100 lipid species, spanning 13 classes. Significant differences were found for 16 proteins, with four showing the most relevant changes (GPLD1, PON1, LDHB, PKM). Lipidomic analysis showed elevated levels of three phosphatidylcholines and of the free fatty acid 22:4, and reduced levels of six lysophosphatidylcholines. Up-regulated glycolytic enzymes (LDHB and PKM) are involved in autophagy and glycogen metabolism, while down-regulated PON1 and GPLD1 combined with lipidomic data indicate an abnormal phospholipid metabolism. Reduced GPLD1 and dysregulation of lipids with acyl-chains characteristic of GPI-anchor structure suggest the potential involvement of GPI-anchor system in PD. Results of proteomic analysis displayed the involvement of multiple cellular functions affecting inflammatory, immune and antioxidant responses, autophagy, Ca²⁺ -homeostasis, and cell adhesion. The combined multi-omic approach revealed new biosignatures in PD, providing novel insights in disease pathophysiology with potential future clinical application.