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Li Y, Wang L, Zhou L, Song Y, Ma S, Yu C, Zhao J, Xu C, Gao L. Thyroid stimulating hormone increases hepatic gluconeogenesis via CRTC2. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2017; 446:70-80. [PMID: 28212844 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2017.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2016] [Revised: 02/09/2017] [Accepted: 02/10/2017] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Epidemiological evidence indicates that thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) is positively correlated with abnormal glucose levels. We previously reported that TSH has direct effects on gluconeogenesis. However, the underlying molecular mechanism remains unclear. In this study, we observed increased fasting blood glucose and glucose production in a mouse model of subclinical hypothyroidism (only elevated TSH levels). TSH acts via the classical cAMP/PKA pathway and CRTC2 regulates glucose homeostasis. Thus, we explore whether CRTC2 is involved in the process of TSH-induced gluconeogenesis. We show that TSH increases CRTC2 expression via the TSHR/cAMP/PKA pathway, which in turn upregulates hepatic gluconeogenic genes. Furthermore, TSH stimulates CRTC2 dephosphorylation and upregulates p-CREB (Ser133) in HepG2 cells. Silencing CRTC2 and CREB decreases the effect of TSH on PEPCK-luciferase, the rate-limiting enzyme of gluconeogenesis. Finally, the deletion of TSHR reduces the levels of the CRTC2:CREB complex in mouse livers. This study demonstrates that TSH activates CRTC2 via the TSHR/cAMP/PKA pathway, leading to the formation of a CRTC2:CREB complex and increases hepatic gluconeogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujie Li
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Shandong Clinical Medical Center of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shandong Academy of Clinical Medicine, 324 Jing 5 Rd Jinan, Shandong 250021, PR China
| | - Laicheng Wang
- Scientific Center, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, 544 Jing 4 Rd Jinan, Shangdong 250021, PR China
| | - Lingyan Zhou
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Shandong Clinical Medical Center of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shandong Academy of Clinical Medicine, 324 Jing 5 Rd Jinan, Shandong 250021, PR China
| | - Yongfeng Song
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Shandong Clinical Medical Center of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shandong Academy of Clinical Medicine, 324 Jing 5 Rd Jinan, Shandong 250021, PR China
| | - Shizhan Ma
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Shandong Clinical Medical Center of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shandong Academy of Clinical Medicine, 324 Jing 5 Rd Jinan, Shandong 250021, PR China
| | - Chunxiao Yu
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Shandong Clinical Medical Center of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shandong Academy of Clinical Medicine, 324 Jing 5 Rd Jinan, Shandong 250021, PR China
| | - Jiajun Zhao
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Shandong Clinical Medical Center of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shandong Academy of Clinical Medicine, 324 Jing 5 Rd Jinan, Shandong 250021, PR China
| | - Chao Xu
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Shandong Clinical Medical Center of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shandong Academy of Clinical Medicine, 324 Jing 5 Rd Jinan, Shandong 250021, PR China.
| | - Ling Gao
- Institute of Endocrinology, Shandong Academy of Clinical Medicine, Scientific Center, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, 544 Jing 4 Rd Jinan, Shangdong 250021, PR China.
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Teggi R, Zagato L, Delli Carpini S, Citterio L, Cassandro C, Albera R, Yang WY, Staessen JA, Bussi M, Manunta P, Lanzani C. Genetics of ion homeostasis in Ménière's Disease. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2016; 274:757-763. [PMID: 27837419 DOI: 10.1007/s00405-016-4375-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2016] [Accepted: 11/04/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Aim of this work was to assess the role of polymorphisms belonging to genes involved in the regulation of ionic homeostasis in Caucasian patients with Ménière Disease (MD). We recruited 155 patients with definite Ménière Disease and 186 controls (Control Group 1) without a lifetime history of vertigo, overlapping with patients for age and rate of hypertension. We validated the positive results on 413 Caucasian subjects selected from a European general population (Control Group 2). The clinical history for migraine and hypertension was collected; genomic DNA was characterized for a panel of 33 SNPs encoding proteins involved in ionic transport. We found a higher rate of migraineurs in MD subjects compared to Group 1 (46.8 vs 15.5%, p = 0.00005). Four SNPs displayed differences in MD patients compared to Group 1 controls: rs3746951 and rs2838301 in SIK1 gene, rs434082 and rs487119 in SLC8A1; the p values of Chi-squared test for genotype frequencies are 0.009, 0.023, 0.009 and 0.048, respectively. SLC8A1 gene encodes for Na+-Ca++ exchanger, while SIK1 gene encodes for Salt Inducible Kinase 1, an enzyme associated with Na+-K+ ATPase function. The validation with Control Group 2 displayed that only rs3746951 and rs487119 are strongly associated to MD (p = 0.001 and p = 0.0004, respectively). These data support the hypothesis that a genetically induced dysfunction of ionic transport may act as a predisposing factors to develop MD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Teggi
- ENT Division, Department of ENT, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina 60, 20132, Milan, Italy.
| | - Laura Zagato
- Genomics of Renal Diseases and Hypertension Unit, Division of Genetics and Cellular Biology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Simona Delli Carpini
- Genomics of Renal Diseases and Hypertension Unit, Division of Genetics and Cellular Biology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Lorena Citterio
- Genomics of Renal Diseases and Hypertension Unit, Division of Genetics and Cellular Biology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Roberto Albera
- Surgical Sciences Department, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Wen-Yi Yang
- Studies Coordinating Centre, Research Unit Hypertension and Cardiovascular Epidemiology, KU Leuven Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leuven, Louvain, Belgium
| | - Jan A Staessen
- Studies Coordinating Centre, Research Unit Hypertension and Cardiovascular Epidemiology, KU Leuven Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leuven, Louvain, Belgium
| | - Mario Bussi
- ENT Division, Department of ENT, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina 60, 20132, Milan, Italy
| | - Paolo Manunta
- Genomics of Renal Diseases and Hypertension Unit, Division of Genetics and Cellular Biology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.,Chair of Nephrology, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Chiara Lanzani
- Genomics of Renal Diseases and Hypertension Unit, Division of Genetics and Cellular Biology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.,Chair of Nephrology, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
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Kim M, Lee H, Hur JH, Choe J, Lim C. CRTC Potentiates Light-independent timeless Transcription to Sustain Circadian Rhythms in Drosophila. Sci Rep 2016; 6:32113. [PMID: 27577611 PMCID: PMC5005998 DOI: 10.1038/srep32113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2016] [Accepted: 08/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Light is one of the strongest environmental time cues for entraining endogenous circadian rhythms. Emerging evidence indicates that CREB-regulated transcription co-activator 1 (CRTC1) is a key player in this pathway, stimulating light-induced Period1 (Per1) transcription in mammalian clocks. Here, we demonstrate a light-independent role of Drosophila CRTC in sustaining circadian behaviors. Genomic deletion of the crtc locus causes long but poor locomotor rhythms in constant darkness. Overexpression or RNA interference-mediated depletion of CRTC in circadian pacemaker neurons similarly impairs the free-running behavioral rhythms, implying that Drosophila clocks are sensitive to the dosage of CRTC. The crtc null mutation delays the overall phase of circadian gene expression yet it remarkably dampens light-independent oscillations of TIMELESS (TIM) proteins in the clock neurons. In fact, CRTC overexpression enhances CLOCK/CYCLE (CLK/CYC)-activated transcription from tim but not per promoter in clock-less S2 cells whereas CRTC depletion suppresses it. Consistently, TIM overexpression partially but significantly rescues the behavioral rhythms in crtc mutants. Taken together, our data suggest that CRTC is a novel co-activator for the CLK/CYC-activated tim transcription to coordinate molecular rhythms with circadian behaviors over a 24-hour time-scale. We thus propose that CRTC-dependent clock mechanisms have co-evolved with selective clock genes among different species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minkyung Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Hoyeon Lee
- School of Life Sciences, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Hoe Hur
- UNIST-Olympus Biomed Imaging Center (UOBC), UNIST, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Joonho Choe
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Chunghun Lim
- School of Life Sciences, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
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Chaturvedi RK, Hennessey T, Johri A, Tiwari SK, Mishra D, Agarwal S, Kim YS, Beal MF. Transducer of regulated CREB-binding proteins (TORCs) transcription and function is impaired in Huntington's disease. Hum Mol Genet 2012; 21:3474-88. [PMID: 22589249 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/dds178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Huntington's disease (HD) is an incurable neurological disorder caused by an abnormal glutamine repeat expansion in the huntingtin (Htt) protein. In the present studies, we investigated the role of Transducers of Regulated cAMP response element-binding (CREB) protein activity (TORCs) in HD, since TORCs play an important role in the expression of the transcriptional co-regulator peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1α (PGC-1α), whose expression is impaired in HD. We found significantly decreased TORC1 expression levels in STHdhQ111 cells expressing mutant Htt, in the striatum of NLS-N171-82Q, R6/2 and HdhQ111 HD transgenic mice and in postmortem striatal tissue from HD patients. TORC1 overexpression in wild-type (WT) and Htt striatal cells increased CREB mRNA and protein levels, PGC-1α promoter activity, mRNA expression of the PGC-1α, NRF-1, Tfam and CytC genes, mitochondrial DNA content, mitochondrial activity and mitochondrial membrane potential. TORC1 overexpression also increased the resistance of striatal cells to 3-nitropropionic (3-NP) acid-mediated toxicity. In cultured WT and mutant Htt striatal cells, small hairpin RNA-mediated TORC1 knockdown resulted in decreased PGC-1α expression and increased susceptibility to 3-NP-induced toxicity. Overexpression of PGC-1α partially prevented TORC1 knockdown-mediated increased susceptibility of Htt striatal cells to 3-NP. Specific knockdown of TORC1 in the striatum of NLS-N171-82Q HD transgenic mice induced neurodegeneration. Lastly, knockdown of Htt prevents transcriptional repression of TORC1 and CREB in Htt striatal cells. These findings show that impaired expression and function of TORC1, which results in a reduction in PGC-1α, plays an important role in mitochondrial dysfunction in HD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajnish Kumar Chaturvedi
- Department of Neurology and Neuroscience, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY 10065, USA.
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Liu L, Zhang X, Wang L, Yang R, Cui L, Li M, Du W, Wang S. The neuroprotective effects of Tanshinone IIA are associated with induced nuclear translocation of TORC1 and upregulated expression of TORC1, pCREB and BDNF in the acute stage of ischemic stroke. Brain Res Bull 2010; 82:228-33. [PMID: 20417695 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2010.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2010] [Revised: 04/15/2010] [Accepted: 04/15/2010] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
The activation of cAMP response element binding protein (CREB) and transcription of CRE-targeted genes play critical roles in various physiological and pathological conditions. Transducers of regulated CREB activity (TORCs) represent a new family of conserved CREB coactivators that promote the activation of CRE-targeted genes. Tanshinone IIA (TSA) has been proven to protect the brain against focal ischemia injury. However, little is known regarding the underlying mechanisms. Herein, we examined the activity-dependent nuclear translocation of TORC1 (transducer of regulated CREB activity 1) and the expression of TORC1, phosphorylated CREB (pCREB) and BDNF (brain-derived neurotrophic factor) at the early time of ischemic stroke as well as after the treatment with TSA. We observed a bimodal increase in pCREB, TORC1 and BDNF protein levels and transient nuclear accumulation of TORC1 in the acute stage of ischemia. Compared with vehicle group, TSA (20mg/kg) dramatically lessened neurological deficits scores, brain water contents and infarct sizes, significantly enhanced nuclear accumulation of TORC1 and upregulated the expression of TORC1, pCREB and BDNF (P<0.05). Collectively, the present results suggest that TSA protects rat brain from pristine ischemic damage in cerebral cortex, which might be correlated with induced nuclear translocation of TORC1 and upregulated expression of TORC1, pCREB and BDNF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingling Liu
- Department of Neurology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University. Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000, China
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Taub M, Springate JE, Cutuli F. Targeting of renal proximal tubule Na,K-ATPase by salt-inducible kinase. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2010; 393:339-44. [PMID: 20152810 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2010.02.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2010] [Accepted: 02/06/2010] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The renal proximal tubule (RPT) is a central locale for Na+ reabsorption, and blood pressure regulation. Na+ reabsorption in the RPT depends upon the Na,K-ATPase, which is controlled by a complex regulatory network, including Salt-Inducible Protein Kinase (SIK). SIKs are recently discovered members of the AMP-activated Protein Kinase (AMPK) family, which regulate salt homeostasis and metabolism in a number of tissues. In the RPT, SIK interacts with the Na,K-ATPase in the basolateral membrane (BM), regulating both the activity and level of Na,K-ATPase in the BM. Thus, Na,K-ATPase activity can be rapidly adjusted in response to changes in Na+ balance. Long-term changes in Na+ intake affect the state of SIK phosphorylation, and as a consequence the phosphorylation of TORCs, Transducers of Regulated CREB (cAMP Regulatory Element Binding Protein). Once phosphorylated, TORCs enter the nucleus, and activate transcription of the ATP1B1 gene encoding for the Na,K-ATPase beta subunit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary Taub
- Department of Biochemistry, University at Buffalo, 140 Farber Hall, 3435 Main Street, Buffalo, NY 14214, USA.
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