1
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Novotna E, Milosevic M, Prukova D, Magalhaes-Novais S, Dvorakova S, Dmytruk K, Gemperle J, Zudova D, Nickl T, Vrbacky M, Rosel D, Filimonenko V, Prochazka J, Brabek J, Neuzil J, Rohlenova K, Rohlena J. Mitochondrial HER2 stimulates respiration and promotes tumorigenicity. Eur J Clin Invest 2024; 54:e14174. [PMID: 38291340 DOI: 10.1111/eci.14174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Amplification of HER2, a receptor tyrosine kinase and a breast cancer-linked oncogene, is associated with aggressive disease. HER2 protein is localised mostly at the cell membrane, but a fraction translocates to mitochondria. Whether and how mitochondrial HER2 contributes to tumorigenicity is currently unknown. METHODS We enriched the mitochondrial (mt-)HER2 fraction in breast cancer cells using an N-terminal mitochondrial targeting sequence and analysed how this manipulation impacts bioenergetics and tumorigenic properties. The role of the tyrosine kinase activity of mt-HER2 was assessed in wild type, kinase-dead (K753M) and kinase-enhanced (V659E) mtHER2 constructs. RESULTS We document that mt-HER2 associates with the oxidative phosphorylation system, stimulates bioenergetics and promotes larger respiratory supercomplexes. mt-HER2 enhances proliferation and invasiveness in vitro and tumour growth and metastatic potential in vivo, in a kinase activity-dependent manner. On the other hand, constitutively active mt-HER2 provokes excessive mitochondria ROS generation, sensitises to cell death, and restricts growth of primary tumours, suggesting that regulation of HER2 activity in mitochondria is required for the maximal pro-tumorigenic effect. CONCLUSIONS mt-HER2 promotes tumorigenicity by supporting bioenergetics and optimal redox balance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eliska Novotna
- Institute of Biotechnology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vestec, Czech Republic
- Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Mirko Milosevic
- Institute of Biotechnology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vestec, Czech Republic
- Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Dana Prukova
- Institute of Biotechnology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vestec, Czech Republic
| | - Silvia Magalhaes-Novais
- Institute of Biotechnology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vestec, Czech Republic
- Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Sarka Dvorakova
- Institute of Biotechnology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vestec, Czech Republic
| | - Kristina Dmytruk
- Institute of Biotechnology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vestec, Czech Republic
| | - Jakub Gemperle
- Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Dagmar Zudova
- Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Tereza Nickl
- Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Marek Vrbacky
- Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Daniel Rosel
- Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Vlada Filimonenko
- Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Prochazka
- Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Brabek
- Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jiri Neuzil
- Institute of Biotechnology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vestec, Czech Republic
- Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
- School of Medical Science, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia
- 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Katerina Rohlenova
- Institute of Biotechnology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vestec, Czech Republic
| | - Jakub Rohlena
- Institute of Biotechnology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vestec, Czech Republic
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2
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Al Assi A, Posty S, Lamarche F, Chebel A, Guitton J, Cottet-Rousselle C, Prudent R, Lafanechère L, Giraud S, Dallemagne P, Suzanne P, Verney A, Genestier L, Castets M, Fontaine E, Billaud M, Cordier-Bussat M. A novel inhibitor of the mitochondrial respiratory complex I with uncoupling properties exerts potent antitumor activity. Cell Death Dis 2024; 15:311. [PMID: 38697987 PMCID: PMC11065874 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-024-06668-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
Abstract
Cancer cells are highly dependent on bioenergetic processes to support their growth and survival. Disruption of metabolic pathways, particularly by targeting the mitochondrial electron transport chain complexes (ETC-I to V) has become an attractive therapeutic strategy. As a result, the search for clinically effective new respiratory chain inhibitors with minimized adverse effects is a major goal. Here, we characterize a new OXPHOS inhibitor compound called MS-L6, which behaves as an inhibitor of ETC-I, combining inhibition of NADH oxidation and uncoupling effect. MS-L6 is effective on both intact and sub-mitochondrial particles, indicating that its efficacy does not depend on its accumulation within the mitochondria. MS-L6 reduces ATP synthesis and induces a metabolic shift with increased glucose consumption and lactate production in cancer cell lines. MS-L6 either dose-dependently inhibits cell proliferation or induces cell death in a variety of cancer cell lines, including B-cell and T-cell lymphomas as well as pediatric sarcoma. Ectopic expression of Saccharomyces cerevisiae NADH dehydrogenase (NDI-1) partially restores the viability of B-lymphoma cells treated with MS-L6, demonstrating that the inhibition of NADH oxidation is functionally linked to its cytotoxic effect. Furthermore, MS-L6 administration induces robust inhibition of lymphoma tumor growth in two murine xenograft models without toxicity. Thus, our data present MS-L6 as an inhibitor of OXPHOS, with a dual mechanism of action on the respiratory chain and with potent antitumor properties in preclinical models, positioning it as the pioneering member of a promising drug class to be evaluated for cancer therapy. MS-L6 exerts dual mitochondrial effects: ETC-I inhibition and uncoupling of OXPHOS. In cancer cells, MS-L6 inhibited ETC-I at least 5 times more than in isolated rat hepatocytes. These mitochondrial effects lead to energy collapse in cancer cells, resulting in proliferation arrest and cell death. In contrast, hepatocytes which completely and rapidly inactivated this molecule, restored their energy status and survived exposure to MS-L6 without apparent toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alaa Al Assi
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Inserm U1055, Laboratoire de Bioénergétique Fondamentale et Appliquée (LBFA), Grenoble, France
| | - Solène Posty
- Cell death and Childhood Cancers Laboratory, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon (CRCL), INSERM U1052- CNRS UMR5286, Université Claude Bernard de Lyon1, Centre Léon Bérard, LabEx DEVweCAN, Institut Convergence Plascan, Lyon, France
| | - Frédéric Lamarche
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Inserm U1055, Laboratoire de Bioénergétique Fondamentale et Appliquée (LBFA), Grenoble, France
| | - Amel Chebel
- Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie (Team LIB), Equipe labellisée La Ligue 2017 and 2023. Université Lyon, INSERM, U1111, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR5308, ENS de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Jérôme Guitton
- Laboratoire de biochimie et pharmacologie-toxicologie, Centre Hospitalier Lyon-Sud, Hospices Civils de Lyon, F-69495, Pierre Bénite, France. Laboratoire de Toxicologie, Faculté de pharmacie ISPBL, Université Lyon 1, 69373, Lyon, France
| | - Cécile Cottet-Rousselle
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Inserm U1055, Laboratoire de Bioénergétique Fondamentale et Appliquée (LBFA), Grenoble, France
| | - Renaud Prudent
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Inserm U1209, CNRS UMR5309, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Grenoble, France
| | - Laurence Lafanechère
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Inserm U1209, CNRS UMR5309, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Grenoble, France
| | - Stéphane Giraud
- Center for Drug Discovery and Development, Synergie Lyon Cancer Foundation, Lyon, Cancer Research Center, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France
| | | | - Peggy Suzanne
- Normandie Univ., UNICAEN, CERMN, 14000, Caen, France
| | - Aurélie Verney
- Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie (Team LIB), Equipe labellisée La Ligue 2017 and 2023. Université Lyon, INSERM, U1111, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR5308, ENS de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Laurent Genestier
- Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie (Team LIB), Equipe labellisée La Ligue 2017 and 2023. Université Lyon, INSERM, U1111, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR5308, ENS de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Marie Castets
- Cell death and Childhood Cancers Laboratory, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon (CRCL), INSERM U1052- CNRS UMR5286, Université Claude Bernard de Lyon1, Centre Léon Bérard, LabEx DEVweCAN, Institut Convergence Plascan, Lyon, France
| | - Eric Fontaine
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Inserm U1055, Laboratoire de Bioénergétique Fondamentale et Appliquée (LBFA), Grenoble, France.
| | - Marc Billaud
- Cell death and Childhood Cancers Laboratory, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon (CRCL), INSERM U1052- CNRS UMR5286, Université Claude Bernard de Lyon1, Centre Léon Bérard, LabEx DEVweCAN, Institut Convergence Plascan, Lyon, France.
| | - Martine Cordier-Bussat
- Cell death and Childhood Cancers Laboratory, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon (CRCL), INSERM U1052- CNRS UMR5286, Université Claude Bernard de Lyon1, Centre Léon Bérard, LabEx DEVweCAN, Institut Convergence Plascan, Lyon, France.
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3
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Zhen Z, Ren J, Zhu J. The redox requirement and regulation during cell proliferation. Trends Endocrinol Metab 2024; 35:385-399. [PMID: 38262821 DOI: 10.1016/j.tem.2023.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
The intracellular metabolic network comprises a variety of reduction-oxidation (redox) reactions that occur in a temporally and spatially distinct manner. In order to coordinate these redox processes, mammalian cells utilize a collection of electron-carrying molecules common to many redox reactions, including NAD, NADP, coenzyme Q (CoQ), and glutathione (GSH). This review considers the metabolic basis of redox regulation in the context of cell proliferation by analyzing how cells acquire and utilize electron carriers to maintain directional carbon flux, sustain reductive biosynthesis, and support antioxidant defense. Elucidating the redox requirement during cell proliferation can advance the understanding of human diseases such as cancer, and reveal effective therapeutic opportunities in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuoran Zhen
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Jiankun Ren
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Jiajun Zhu
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China; Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Beijing, China.
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4
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Herst P, Carson G, Lewthwaite D, Eccles D, Schmidt A, Wilson A, Grasso C, O’Sullivan D, Neuzil J, McConnell M, Berridge M. Residual OXPHOS is required to drive primary and metastatic lung tumours in an orthotopic breast cancer model. Front Oncol 2024; 14:1362786. [PMID: 38751813 PMCID: PMC11094293 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1362786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Fast adaptation of glycolytic and mitochondrial energy pathways to changes in the tumour microenvironment is a hallmark of cancer. Purely glycolytic ρ0 tumour cells do not form primary tumours unless they acquire healthy mitochondria from their micro-environment. Here we explored the effects of severely compromised respiration on the metastatic capability of 4T1 mouse breast cancer cells. Methods 4T1 cell lines with different levels of respiratory capacity were generated; the Seahorse extracellular flux analyser was used to evaluate oxygen consumption rates, fluorescent confocal microscopy to assess the number of SYBR gold-stained mitochondrial DNA nucleoids, and the presence of the ATP5B protein in the cytoplasm and fluorescent in situ nuclear hybridization was used to establish ploidy. MinION nanopore RNA sequence analysis was used to compare mitochondrial DNA transcription between cell lines. Orthotopic injection was used to determine the ability of cells to metastasize to the lungs of female Balb/c mice. Results OXPHOS-deficient ATP5B-KO3.1 cells did not generate primary tumours. Severely OXPHOS compromised ρ0D5 cells generated both primary tumours and lung metastases. Cells generated from lung metastasis of both OXPHOS-competent and OXPHOS-compromised cells formed primary tumours but no metastases when re-injected into mice. OXPHOS-compromised cells significantly increased their mtDNA content, but this did not result in increased OXPHOS capacity, which was not due to decreased mtDNA transcription. Gene set enrichment analysis suggests that certain cells derived from lung metastases downregulate their epithelial-to-mesenchymal related pathways. Conclusion In summary, OXPHOS is required for tumorigenesis in this orthotopic mouse breast cancer model but even very low levels of OXPHOS are sufficient to generate both primary tumours and lung metastases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patries Herst
- Department of Cancer Cell Biology, Malaghan Institute of Medical Research, Wellington, New Zealand
- Department of Radiation Therapy, University of Otago, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Georgia Carson
- Department of Cancer Cell Biology, Malaghan Institute of Medical Research, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Danielle Lewthwaite
- Department of Cancer Cell Biology, Malaghan Institute of Medical Research, Wellington, New Zealand
- School of Biological Sciences , Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - David Eccles
- Department of Cancer Cell Biology, Malaghan Institute of Medical Research, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Alfonso Schmidt
- Department of Cancer Cell Biology, Malaghan Institute of Medical Research, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Andrew Wilson
- Department of Cancer Cell Biology, Malaghan Institute of Medical Research, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Carole Grasso
- Department of Cancer Cell Biology, Malaghan Institute of Medical Research, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - David O’Sullivan
- Department of Cancer Cell Biology, Malaghan Institute of Medical Research, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Jiri Neuzil
- Institute of Biotechnology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague-West, Czechia
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Science, Griffith University, Southport, QLD, Australia
| | - Melanie McConnell
- School of Biological Sciences , Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Michael Berridge
- Department of Cancer Cell Biology, Malaghan Institute of Medical Research, Wellington, New Zealand
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5
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Oh S, Mai XL, Kim J, de Guzman ACV, Lee JY, Park S. Glycerol 3-phosphate dehydrogenases (1 and 2) in cancer and other diseases. Exp Mol Med 2024:10.1038/s12276-024-01222-1. [PMID: 38689091 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-024-01222-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
The glycerol 3-phosphate shuttle (GPS) is composed of two different enzymes: cytosolic NAD+-linked glycerol 3-phosphate dehydrogenase 1 (GPD1) and mitochondrial FAD-linked glycerol 3-phosphate dehydrogenase 2 (GPD2). These two enzymes work together to act as an NADH shuttle for mitochondrial bioenergetics and function as an important bridge between glucose and lipid metabolism. Since these genes were discovered in the 1960s, their abnormal expression has been described in various metabolic diseases and tumors. Nevertheless, it took a long time until scientists could investigate the causal relationship of these enzymes in those pathophysiological conditions. To date, numerous studies have explored the involvement and mechanisms of GPD1 and GPD2 in cancer and other diseases, encompassing reports of controversial and non-conventional mechanisms. In this review, we summarize and update current knowledge regarding the functions and effects of GPS to provide an overview of how the enzymes influence disease conditions. The potential and challenges of developing therapeutic strategies targeting these enzymes are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sehyun Oh
- College of Pharmacy, Natural Products Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Korea
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Xuan Linh Mai
- College of Pharmacy, Natural Products Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Korea
| | - Jiwoo Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Natural Products Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Korea
| | - Arvie Camille V de Guzman
- College of Pharmacy, Natural Products Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Korea
| | - Ji Yun Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Natural Products Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Korea.
| | - Sunghyouk Park
- College of Pharmacy, Natural Products Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Korea.
- School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Korea.
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6
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Martinez P, Baghli I, Gourjon G, Seyfried TN. Mitochondrial-Stem Cell Connection: Providing Additional Explanations for Understanding Cancer. Metabolites 2024; 14:229. [PMID: 38668357 PMCID: PMC11051897 DOI: 10.3390/metabo14040229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Revised: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The cancer paradigm is generally based on the somatic mutation model, asserting that cancer is a disease of genetic origin. The mitochondrial-stem cell connection (MSCC) proposes that tumorigenesis may result from an alteration of the mitochondria, specifically a chronic oxidative phosphorylation (OxPhos) insufficiency in stem cells, which forms cancer stem cells (CSCs) and leads to malignancy. Reviewed evidence suggests that the MSCC could provide a comprehensive understanding of all the different stages of cancer. The metabolism of cancer cells is altered (OxPhos insufficiency) and must be compensated by using the glycolysis and the glutaminolysis pathways, which are essential to their growth. The altered mitochondria regulate the tumor microenvironment, which is also necessary for cancer evolution. Therefore, the MSCC could help improve our understanding of tumorigenesis, metastases, the efficiency of standard treatments, and relapses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierrick Martinez
- Scientific and Osteopathic Research Department, Institut de Formation en Ostéopathie du Grand Avignon, 84140 Montfavet, France;
| | - Ilyes Baghli
- International Society for Orthomolecular Medicine, Toronto, ON M4B 3M9, Canada;
| | - Géraud Gourjon
- Scientific and Osteopathic Research Department, Institut de Formation en Ostéopathie du Grand Avignon, 84140 Montfavet, France;
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7
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Sahu U, Villa E, Reczek CR, Zhao Z, O'Hara BP, Torno MD, Mishra R, Shannon WD, Asara JM, Gao P, Shilatifard A, Chandel NS, Ben-Sahra I. Pyrimidines maintain mitochondrial pyruvate oxidation to support de novo lipogenesis. Science 2024; 383:1484-1492. [PMID: 38547260 DOI: 10.1126/science.adh2771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
Cellular purines, particularly adenosine 5'-triphosphate (ATP), fuel many metabolic reactions, but less is known about the direct effects of pyrimidines on cellular metabolism. We found that pyrimidines, but not purines, maintain pyruvate oxidation and the tricarboxylic citric acid (TCA) cycle by regulating pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) activity. PDH activity requires sufficient substrates and cofactors, including thiamine pyrophosphate (TPP). Depletion of cellular pyrimidines decreased TPP synthesis, a reaction carried out by TPP kinase 1 (TPK1), which reportedly uses ATP to phosphorylate thiamine (vitamin B1). We found that uridine 5'-triphosphate (UTP) acts as the preferred substrate for TPK1, enabling cellular TPP synthesis, PDH activity, TCA-cycle activity, lipogenesis, and adipocyte differentiation. Thus, UTP is required for vitamin B1 utilization to maintain pyruvate oxidation and lipogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Umakant Sahu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Elodie Villa
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Colleen R Reczek
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
- Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Zibo Zhao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Brendan P O'Hara
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Michael D Torno
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | | | | | - John M Asara
- Mass Spectrometry Core, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Peng Gao
- Metabolomics Core Facility, Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Ali Shilatifard
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Navdeep S Chandel
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
- Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Issam Ben-Sahra
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
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8
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Mailloux RJ. Proline and dihydroorotate dehydrogenase promote a hyper-proliferative state and dampen ferroptosis in cancer cells by rewiring mitochondrial redox metabolism. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2024; 1871:119639. [PMID: 37996061 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2023.119639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/04/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
Redox realignment is integral to the initiation, progression, and metastasis of cancer. This requires considerable metabolic rewiring to induce aberrant shifts in redox homeostasis that favor high hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) generation for the induction of a hyper-proliferative state. The ability of tumor cells to thrive under the oxidative burden imposed by this high H2O2 is achieved by increasing antioxidant defenses. This shift in the redox stress signaling threshold (RST) also dampens ferroptosis, an iron (Fe)-dependent form of cell death activated by oxidative distress and lipid peroxidation reactions. Mitochondria are central to the malignant transformation of normal cells to cancerous ones since these organelles supply building blocks for anabolism, govern ferroptosis, and serve as the major source of cell H2O2. This review summarizes advances in understanding the rewiring of redox reactions in mitochondria to promote carcinogenesis, focusing on how cancer cells hijack the electron transport chain (ETC) to promote proliferation and evasion of ferroptosis. I then apply emerging concepts in redox homeodynamics to discuss how the rewiring of the Krebs cycle and ETC promotes shifts in the RST to favor high rates of H2O2 generation for cell signaling. This discussion then focuses on proline dehydrogenase (PRODH) and dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (DHODH), two enzymes over expressed in cancers, and how their link to one another through the coenzyme Q10 (CoQ) pool generates a redox connection that forms a H2O2 signaling platform and pyrimidine synthesome that favors a hyper-proliferative state and disables ferroptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan J Mailloux
- School of Human Nutrition, Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, McGill University, Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, Quebec, Canada.
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9
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Zhou H, Zhang W, Li H, Xu F, Yinwang E, Xue Y, Chen T, Wang S, Wang Z, Sun H, Wang F, Mou H, Yao M, Chai X, Zhang J, Diarra MD, Li B, Zhang C, Gao J, Ye Z. Osteocyte mitochondria inhibit tumor development via STING-dependent antitumor immunity. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2024; 10:eadi4298. [PMID: 38232158 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adi4298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
Bone is one of the most common sites of tumor metastases. During the last step of bone metastasis, cancer cells colonize and disrupt the bone matrix, which is maintained mainly by osteocytes, the most abundant cells in the bone microenvironment. However, the role of osteocytes in bone metastasis is still unclear. Here, we demonstrated that osteocytes transfer mitochondria to metastatic cancer cells and trigger the cGAS/STING-mediated antitumor response. Blocking the transfer of mitochondria by specifically knocking out mitochondrial Rho GTPase 1 (Rhot1) or mitochondrial mitofusin 2 (Mfn2) in osteocytes impaired tumor immunogenicity and consequently resulted in the progression of metastatic cancer toward the bone matrix. These findings reveal the protective role of osteocytes against cancer metastasis by transferring mitochondria to cancer cells and potentially offer a valuable therapeutic strategy for preventing bone metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Zhou
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Motor System Disease Research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wenkan Zhang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Motor System Disease Research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hengyuan Li
- Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Motor System Disease Research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Department of Orthopedics, Musculoskeletal Tumor Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Fan Xu
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Eloy Yinwang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Motor System Disease Research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yucheng Xue
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Motor System Disease Research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Tao Chen
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Motor System Disease Research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shengdong Wang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Motor System Disease Research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zenan Wang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Motor System Disease Research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hangxiang Sun
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Motor System Disease Research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Fangqian Wang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Motor System Disease Research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Haochen Mou
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Motor System Disease Research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Minjun Yao
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Motor System Disease Research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xupeng Chai
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Motor System Disease Research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jiahao Zhang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Motor System Disease Research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Mohamed Diaty Diarra
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Motor System Disease Research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Binghao Li
- Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Motor System Disease Research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Department of Orthopedics, Musculoskeletal Tumor Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Changqing Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Junjie Gao
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200233, China
- Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Fujian, No. 16, Luoshan Section, Jinguang Road, Luoshan Street, Jinjiang City, Quanzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Zhaoming Ye
- Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Motor System Disease Research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Department of Orthopedics, Musculoskeletal Tumor Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China
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10
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Mullen NJ, Shukla SK, Thakur R, Kollala SS, Wang D, Chaika N, Santana JF, Miklavcic WR, LaBreck DA, Mallareddy JR, Price DH, Natarajan A, Mehla K, Sykes DB, Hollingsworth MA, Singh PK. DHODH inhibition enhances the efficacy of immune checkpoint blockade by increasing cancer cell antigen presentation. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2023.04.03.535399. [PMID: 37066260 PMCID: PMC10103971 DOI: 10.1101/2023.04.03.535399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Pyrimidine nucleotide biosynthesis is a druggable metabolic dependency of cancer cells, and chemotherapy agents targeting pyrimidine metabolism are the backbone of treatment for many cancers. Dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (DHODH) is an essential enzyme in the de novo pyrimidine biosynthesis pathway that can be targeted by clinically approved inhibitors. However, despite robust preclinical anticancer efficacy, DHODH inhibitors have shown limited single-agent activity in phase 1 and 2 clinical trials. Therefore, novel combination therapy strategies are necessary to realize the potential of these drugs. To search for therapeutic vulnerabilities induced by DHODH inhibition, we examined gene expression changes in cancer cells treated with the potent and selective DHODH inhibitor brequinar (BQ). This revealed that BQ treatment causes upregulation of antigen presentation pathway genes and cell surface MHC class I expression. Mechanistic studies showed that this effect is 1) strictly dependent on pyrimidine nucleotide depletion, 2) independent of canonical antigen presentation pathway transcriptional regulators, and 3) mediated by RNA polymerase II elongation control by positive transcription elongation factor B (P-TEFb). Furthermore, BQ showed impressive single-agent efficacy in the immunocompetent B16F10 melanoma model, and combination treatment with BQ and dual immune checkpoint blockade (anti-CTLA-4 plus anti-PD-1) significantly prolonged mouse survival compared to either therapy alone. Our results have important implications for the clinical development of DHODH inhibitors and provide a rationale for combination therapy with BQ and immune checkpoint blockade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas J. Mullen
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-5950, USA
| | - Surendra K. Shukla
- Department of Oncology Science, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, 73014, USA
| | - Ravi Thakur
- Department of Oncology Science, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, 73014, USA
| | - Sai Sundeep Kollala
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-5950, USA
| | - Dezhen Wang
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-5950, USA
| | - Nina Chaika
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-5950, USA
| | - Juan F. Santana
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - William R. Miklavcic
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-5950, USA
| | - Drew A. LaBreck
- Department of Oncology Science, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, 73014, USA
| | - Jayapal Reddy Mallareddy
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-5950, USA
| | - David H. Price
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Amarnath Natarajan
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-5950, USA
| | - Kamiya Mehla
- Department of Oncology Science, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, 73014, USA
| | - David B. Sykes
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Michael A. Hollingsworth
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-5950, USA
| | - Pankaj K. Singh
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-5950, USA
- Department of Oncology Science, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, 73014, USA
- Department of Pathology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, USA
- OU Health Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, USA
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11
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Purhonen J, Hofer A, Kallijärvi J. Quantification of all 12 canonical ribonucleotides by real-time fluorogenic in vitro transcription. Nucleic Acids Res 2024; 52:e6. [PMID: 38008466 PMCID: PMC10783517 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkad1091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Enzymatic methods to quantify deoxyribonucleoside triphosphates have existed for decades. In contrast, no general enzymatic method to quantify ribonucleoside triphosphates (rNTPs), which drive almost all cellular processes and serve as precursors of RNA, exists to date. ATP can be measured with an enzymatic luminometric method employing firefly luciferase, but the quantification of other ribonucleoside mono-, di-, and triphosphates is still a challenge for a non-specialized laboratory and practically impossible without chromatography equipment. To allow feasible quantification of ribonucleoside phosphates in any laboratory with typical molecular biology and biochemistry tools, we developed a robust microplate assay based on real-time detection of the Broccoli RNA aptamer during in vitro transcription. The assay employs the bacteriophage T7 and SP6 RNA polymerases, two oligonucleotide templates encoding the 49-nucleotide Broccoli aptamer, and a high-affinity fluorogenic aptamer-binding dye to quantify each of the four canonical rNTPs. The inclusion of nucleoside mono- and diphosphate kinases in the assay reactions enabled the quantification of the mono- and diphosphate counterparts. The assay is inherently specific and tolerates concentrated tissue and cell extracts. In summary, we describe the first chromatography-free method to quantify ATP, ADP, AMP, GTP, GDP, GMP, UTP, UDP, UMP, CTP, CDP and CMP in biological samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janne Purhonen
- Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki 00290, Finland
- Stem Cells and Metabolism Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki 00014, Finland
| | - Anders Hofer
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Umeå University, Umeå 90187, Sweden
| | - Jukka Kallijärvi
- Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki 00290, Finland
- Stem Cells and Metabolism Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki 00014, Finland
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12
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Sharma P, Maklashina E, Voehler M, Balintova S, Dvorakova S, Kraus M, Hadrava Vanova K, Nahacka Z, Zobalova R, Boukalova S, Cunatova K, Mracek T, Ghayee HK, Pacak K, Rohlena J, Neuzil J, Cecchini G, Iverson TM. Disordered-to-ordered transitions in assembly factors allow the complex II catalytic subunit to switch binding partners. Nat Commun 2024; 15:473. [PMID: 38212624 PMCID: PMC10784507 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-44563-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Complex II (CII) activity controls phenomena that require crosstalk between metabolism and signaling, including neurodegeneration, cancer metabolism, immune activation, and ischemia-reperfusion injury. CII activity can be regulated at the level of assembly, a process that leverages metastable assembly intermediates. The nature of these intermediates and how CII subunits transfer between metastable complexes remains unclear. In this work, we identify metastable species containing the SDHA subunit and its assembly factors, and we assign a preferred temporal sequence of appearance of these species during CII assembly. Structures of two species show that the assembly factors undergo disordered-to-ordered transitions without the appearance of significant secondary structure. The findings identify that intrinsically disordered regions are critical in regulating CII assembly, an observation that has implications for the control of assembly in other biomolecular complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pankaj Sharma
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - Elena Maklashina
- Molecular Biology Division, San Francisco VA Health Care System, San Francisco, CA, 94121, USA
- Department of Biochemistry & Biophysics, University of California, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
| | - Markus Voehler
- Department of Chemistry Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
- Center for Structural Biology Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - Sona Balintova
- Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, 252 50, Prague-West, Czech Republic
- Faculty of Science, Charles University, 128 00, Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Sarka Dvorakova
- Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, 252 50, Prague-West, Czech Republic
| | - Michal Kraus
- Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, 252 50, Prague-West, Czech Republic
| | - Katerina Hadrava Vanova
- Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, 252 50, Prague-West, Czech Republic
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20814, USA
| | - Zuzana Nahacka
- Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, 252 50, Prague-West, Czech Republic
| | - Renata Zobalova
- Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, 252 50, Prague-West, Czech Republic
| | - Stepana Boukalova
- Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, 252 50, Prague-West, Czech Republic
| | - Kristyna Cunatova
- Institute of Physiology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague 4, 142 20, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Tomas Mracek
- Institute of Physiology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague 4, 142 20, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Hans K Ghayee
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology & Metabolism, University of Florida College of Medicine and Malcom Randall, VA Medical Center, Gainesville, FL, 32608, USA
| | - Karel Pacak
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20814, USA
| | - Jakub Rohlena
- Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, 252 50, Prague-West, Czech Republic
| | - Jiri Neuzil
- Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, 252 50, Prague-West, Czech Republic.
- Faculty of Science, Charles University, 128 00, Prague 2, Czech Republic.
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Science, Griffith University, Southport, QLD, 4222, Australia.
- 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, 128 00, Prague 2, Czech Republic.
| | - Gary Cecchini
- Molecular Biology Division, San Francisco VA Health Care System, San Francisco, CA, 94121, USA.
- Department of Biochemistry & Biophysics, University of California, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA.
| | - T M Iverson
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA.
- Center for Structural Biology Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA.
- Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA.
- Vanderbilt Institute of Chemical Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA.
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13
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Ziegler DV, Parashar K, Fajas L. Beyond cell cycle regulation: The pleiotropic function of CDK4 in cancer. Semin Cancer Biol 2024; 98:51-63. [PMID: 38135020 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2023.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
CDK4, along with its regulatory subunit, cyclin D, drives the transition from G1 to S phase, during which DNA replication and metabolic activation occur. In this canonical pathway, CDK4 is essentially a transcriptional regulator that acts through phosphorylation of retinoblastoma protein (RB) and subsequent activation of the transcription factor E2F, ultimately triggering the expression of genes involved in DNA synthesis and cell cycle progression to S phase. In this review, we focus on the newly reported functions of CDK4, which go beyond direct regulation of the cell cycle. In particular, we describe the extranuclear roles of CDK4, including its roles in the regulation of metabolism, cell fate, cell dynamics and the tumor microenvironment. We describe direct phosphorylation targets of CDK4 and decipher how CDK4 influences these physiological processes in the context of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorian V Ziegler
- Center for Integrative Genomics, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Kanishka Parashar
- Center for Integrative Genomics, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Lluis Fajas
- Center for Integrative Genomics, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland; INSERM, Montpellier, France.
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14
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Chen J, Zheng Q, Hicks JL, Trabzonlu L, Ozbek B, Jones T, Vaghasia AM, Larman TC, Wang R, Markowski MC, Denmeade SR, Pienta KJ, Hruban RH, Antonarakis ES, Gupta A, Dang CV, Yegnasubramanian S, De Marzo AM. MYC-driven increases in mitochondrial DNA copy number occur early and persist throughout prostatic cancer progression. JCI Insight 2023; 8:e169868. [PMID: 37971875 PMCID: PMC10807718 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.169868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Increased mitochondrial function may render some cancers vulnerable to mitochondrial inhibitors. Since mitochondrial function is regulated partly by mitochondrial DNA copy number (mtDNAcn), accurate measurements of mtDNAcn could help reveal which cancers are driven by increased mitochondrial function and may be candidates for mitochondrial inhibition. However, prior studies have employed bulk macrodissections that fail to account for cell type-specific or tumor cell heterogeneity in mtDNAcn. These studies have often produced unclear results, particularly in prostate cancer. Herein, we developed a multiplex in situ method to spatially quantify cell type-specific mtDNAcn. We show that mtDNAcn is increased in luminal cells of high-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (HGPIN), is increased in prostatic adenocarcinomas (PCa), and is further elevated in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer. Increased PCa mtDNAcn was validated by 2 orthogonal methods and is accompanied by increases in mtRNAs and enzymatic activity. Mechanistically, MYC inhibition in prostate cancer cells decreases mtDNA replication and expression of several mtDNA replication genes, and MYC activation in the mouse prostate leads to increased mtDNA levels in the neoplastic prostate cells. Our in situ approach also revealed elevated mtDNAcn in precancerous lesions of the pancreas and colon/rectum, demonstrating generalization across cancer types using clinical tissue samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayu Chen
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Qizhi Zheng
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Jessica L. Hicks
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Levent Trabzonlu
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Busra Ozbek
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Tracy Jones
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | | | - Tatianna C. Larman
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | | | | | - Sam R. Denmeade
- Department of Oncology and
- Department of Urology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Kenneth J. Pienta
- Department of Oncology and
- Department of Urology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Ralph H. Hruban
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- The Sol Goldman Pancreatic Cancer Research Center, Johns Hopkins Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Emmanuel S. Antonarakis
- Department of Oncology and
- Department of Urology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | | | - Chi V. Dang
- Department of Oncology and
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Srinivasan Yegnasubramanian
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Department of Oncology and
- Department of Urology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Angelo M. De Marzo
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Department of Oncology and
- Department of Urology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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15
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Bellin L, Melzer M, Hilo A, Garza Amaya DL, Keller I, Meurer J, Möhlmann T. Nucleotide Limitation Results in Impaired Photosynthesis, Reduced Growth and Seed Yield Together with Massively Altered Gene Expression. PLANT & CELL PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 64:1494-1510. [PMID: 37329302 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcad063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Nucleotide limitation and imbalance is a well-described phenomenon in animal research but understudied in the plant field. A peculiarity of pyrimidine de novo synthesis in plants is the complex subcellular organization. Here, we studied two organellar localized enzymes in the pathway, with chloroplast aspartate transcarbamoylase (ATC) and mitochondrial dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (DHODH). ATC knock-downs were most severely affected, exhibiting low levels of pyrimidine nucleotides, a low energy state, reduced photosynthetic capacity and accumulation of reactive oxygen species. Furthermore, altered leaf morphology and chloroplast ultrastructure were observed in ATC mutants. Although less affected, DHODH knock-down mutants showed impaired seed germination and altered mitochondrial ultrastructure. Thus, DHODH might not only be regulated by respiration but also exert a regulatory function on this process. Transcriptome analysis of an ATC-amiRNA line revealed massive alterations in gene expression with central metabolic pathways being downregulated and stress response and RNA-related pathways being upregulated. In addition, genes involved in central carbon metabolism, intracellular transport and respiration were markedly downregulated in ATC mutants, being most likely responsible for the observed impaired growth. We conclude that impairment of the first committed step in pyrimidine metabolism, catalyzed by ATC, leads to nucleotide limitation and by this has far-reaching consequences on metabolism and gene expression. DHODH might closely interact with mitochondrial respiration, as seen in delayed germination, which is the reason for its localization in this organelle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leo Bellin
- Pflanzenphysiologie, Fachbereich Biologie, Universität Kaiserslautern, Erwin-Schrödinger-Straße, Kaiserslautern D-67663, Germany
| | - Michael Melzer
- Leibniz Institut für Pflanzengenetik und Kulturpflanzenforschung (IPK), Corrensstrasse 3, Seeland, OT Gatersleben 06466, Germany
| | - Alexander Hilo
- Leibniz Institut für Pflanzengenetik und Kulturpflanzenforschung (IPK), Corrensstrasse 3, Seeland, OT Gatersleben 06466, Germany
| | - Diana Laura Garza Amaya
- Pflanzenphysiologie, Fachbereich Biologie, Universität Kaiserslautern, Erwin-Schrödinger-Straße, Kaiserslautern D-67663, Germany
| | - Isabel Keller
- Pflanzenphysiologie, Fachbereich Biologie, Universität Kaiserslautern, Erwin-Schrödinger-Straße, Kaiserslautern D-67663, Germany
| | - Jörg Meurer
- Plant Sciences, Department Biology I, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Großhaderner Straße 2-4, Planegg-Martinsried 82152, Germany
| | - Torsten Möhlmann
- Pflanzenphysiologie, Fachbereich Biologie, Universität Kaiserslautern, Erwin-Schrödinger-Straße, Kaiserslautern D-67663, Germany
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16
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Abstract
Cancers undergo sequential changes to proton (H+) concentration and sensing that are consequences of the disease and facilitate its further progression. The impact of protonation state on protein activity can arise from alterations to amino acids or their titration. Indeed, many cancer-initiating mutations influence pH balance, regulation or sensing in a manner that enables growth and invasion outside normal constraints as part of oncogenic transformation. These cancer-supporting effects become more prominent when tumours develop an acidic microenvironment owing to metabolic reprogramming and disordered perfusion. The ensuing intracellular and extracellular pH disturbances affect multiple aspects of tumour biology, ranging from proliferation to immune surveillance, and can even facilitate further mutagenesis. As a selection pressure, extracellular acidosis accelerates disease progression by favouring acid-resistant cancer cells, which are typically associated with aggressive phenotypes. Although acid-base disturbances in tumours often occur alongside hypoxia and lactate accumulation, there is now ample evidence for a distinct role of H+-operated responses in key events underpinning cancer. The breadth of these actions presents therapeutic opportunities to change the trajectory of disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pawel Swietach
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
| | - Ebbe Boedtkjer
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.
| | - Stine Falsig Pedersen
- Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, University of Copenhagen, Faculty of Science, København, Denmark.
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17
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Chen J, Yang S, Li Y, Ziwen X, Zhang P, Song Q, Yao Y, Pei H. De novo nucleotide biosynthetic pathway and cancer. Genes Dis 2023; 10:2331-2338. [PMID: 37554216 PMCID: PMC10404870 DOI: 10.1016/j.gendis.2022.04.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
De novo nucleotide biosynthetic pathway is a highly conserved and essential biochemical pathway in almost all organisms. Both purine nucleotides and pyrimidine nucleotides are necessary for cell metabolism and proliferation. Thus, the dysregulation of the de novo nucleotide biosynthetic pathway contributes to the development of many human diseases, such as cancer. It has been shown that many enzymes in this pathway are overactivated in different cancers. In this review, we summarize and update the current knowledge on the de novo nucleotide biosynthetic pathway, regulatory mechanisms, its role in tumorigenesis, and potential targeting opportunities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Chen
- Cancer Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430062, China
- Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, D.C. 20057, USA
| | - Siqi Yang
- Cancer Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430062, China
| | - Yingge Li
- Cancer Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430062, China
- Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, D.C. 20057, USA
| | - Xu Ziwen
- Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, D.C. 20057, USA
| | - Pingfeng Zhang
- Cancer Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430062, China
| | - Qibin Song
- Cancer Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430062, China
| | - Yi Yao
- Cancer Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430062, China
| | - Huadong Pei
- Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, D.C. 20057, USA
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18
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Frisardi V, Canovi S, Vaccaro S, Frazzi R. The Significance of Microenvironmental and Circulating Lactate in Breast Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15369. [PMID: 37895048 PMCID: PMC10607673 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242015369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Lactate represents the main product of pyruvate reduction catalyzed by the lactic dehydrogenase family of enzymes. Cancer cells utilize great quantities of glucose, shifting toward a glycolytic metabolism. With the contribution of tumor stromal cells and under hypoxic conditions, this leads toward the acidification of the extracellular matrix. The ability to shift between different metabolic pathways is a characteristic of breast cancer cells and is associated with an aggressive phenotype. Furthermore, the preliminary scientific evidence concerning the levels of circulating lactate in breast cancer points toward a correlation between hyperlactacidemia and poor prognosis, even though no clear linkage has been demonstrated. Overall, lactate may represent a promising metabolic target that needs to be investigated in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincenza Frisardi
- Geriatric Unit, Neuromotor Department, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale—IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42122 Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Simone Canovi
- Clinical Laboratory, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale—IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42122 Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Salvatore Vaccaro
- Clinical Nutrition Unit and Oncological Metabolic Centre, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale—IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42122 Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Raffaele Frazzi
- Scientific Directorate, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale—IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42122 Reggio Emilia, Italy
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19
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Ježek P, Jabůrek M, Holendová B, Engstová H, Dlasková A. Mitochondrial Cristae Morphology Reflecting Metabolism, Superoxide Formation, Redox Homeostasis, and Pathology. Antioxid Redox Signal 2023; 39:635-683. [PMID: 36793196 PMCID: PMC10615093 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2022.0173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
Significance: Mitochondrial (mt) reticulum network in the cell possesses amazing ultramorphology of parallel lamellar cristae, formed by the invaginated inner mitochondrial membrane. Its non-invaginated part, the inner boundary membrane (IBM) forms a cylindrical sandwich with the outer mitochondrial membrane (OMM). Crista membranes (CMs) meet IBM at crista junctions (CJs) of mt cristae organizing system (MICOS) complexes connected to OMM sorting and assembly machinery (SAM). Cristae dimensions, shape, and CJs have characteristic patterns for different metabolic regimes, physiological and pathological situations. Recent Advances: Cristae-shaping proteins were characterized, namely rows of ATP-synthase dimers forming the crista lamella edges, MICOS subunits, optic atrophy 1 (OPA1) isoforms and mitochondrial genome maintenance 1 (MGM1) filaments, prohibitins, and others. Detailed cristae ultramorphology changes were imaged by focused-ion beam/scanning electron microscopy. Dynamics of crista lamellae and mobile CJs were demonstrated by nanoscopy in living cells. With tBID-induced apoptosis a single entirely fused cristae reticulum was observed in a mitochondrial spheroid. Critical Issues: The mobility and composition of MICOS, OPA1, and ATP-synthase dimeric rows regulated by post-translational modifications might be exclusively responsible for cristae morphology changes, but ion fluxes across CM and resulting osmotic forces might be also involved. Inevitably, cristae ultramorphology should reflect also mitochondrial redox homeostasis, but details are unknown. Disordered cristae typically reflect higher superoxide formation. Future Directions: To link redox homeostasis to cristae ultramorphology and define markers, recent progress will help in uncovering mechanisms involved in proton-coupled electron transfer via the respiratory chain and in regulation of cristae architecture, leading to structural determination of superoxide formation sites and cristae ultramorphology changes in diseases. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 39, 635-683.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petr Ježek
- Department No. 75, Institute of Physiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Jabůrek
- Department No. 75, Institute of Physiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Blanka Holendová
- Department No. 75, Institute of Physiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Hana Engstová
- Department No. 75, Institute of Physiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Andrea Dlasková
- Department No. 75, Institute of Physiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic
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20
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Kawano I, Bazila B, Ježek P, Dlasková A. Mitochondrial Dynamics and Cristae Shape Changes During Metabolic Reprogramming. Antioxid Redox Signal 2023; 39:684-707. [PMID: 37212238 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2023.0268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Significance: The architecture of the mitochondrial network and cristae critically impact cell differentiation and identity. Cells undergoing metabolic reprogramming to aerobic glycolysis (Warburg effect), such as immune cells, stem cells, and cancer cells, go through controlled modifications in mitochondrial architecture, which is critical for achieving the resulting cellular phenotype. Recent Advances: Recent studies in immunometabolism have shown that the manipulation of mitochondrial network dynamics and cristae shape directly affects T cell phenotype and macrophage polarization through altering energy metabolism. Similar manipulations also alter the specific metabolic phenotypes that accompany somatic reprogramming, stem cell differentiation, and cancer cells. The modulation of oxidative phosphorylation activity, accompanied by changes in metabolite signaling, reactive oxygen species generation, and adenosine triphosphate levels, is the shared underlying mechanism. Critical Issues: The plasticity of mitochondrial architecture is particularly vital for metabolic reprogramming. Consequently, failure to adapt the appropriate mitochondrial morphology often compromises the differentiation and identity of the cell. Immune, stem, and tumor cells exhibit striking similarities in their coordination of mitochondrial morphology with metabolic pathways. However, although many general unifying principles can be observed, their validity is not absolute, and the mechanistic links thus need to be further explored. Future Directions: Better knowledge of the molecular mechanisms involved and their relationships to both mitochondrial network and cristae morphology will not only further deepen our understanding of energy metabolism but may also contribute to improved therapeutic manipulation of cell viability, differentiation, proliferation, and identity in many different cell types. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 39, 684-707.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ippei Kawano
- Laboratory of Mitochondrial Physiology, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Bazila Bazila
- Laboratory of Mitochondrial Physiology, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
- First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Ježek
- Laboratory of Mitochondrial Physiology, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Andrea Dlasková
- Laboratory of Mitochondrial Physiology, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
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21
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Bhattacharya D, Slavin MB, Hood DA. Muscle mitochondrial transplantation can rescue and maintain cellular homeostasis. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2023; 325:C862-C884. [PMID: 37575060 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00212.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondria control cellular functions through their metabolic role. Recent research that has gained considerable attention is their ability to transfer between cells. This has the potential of improving cellular functions in pathological or energy-deficit conditions, but little is known about the role of mitochondrial transfer in sustaining cellular homeostasis. Few studies have investigated the potential of skeletal muscle as a source of healthy mitochondria that can be transferred to other cell types. Thus, we isolated intermyofibrillar mitochondria from murine skeletal muscle and incubated them with host cells. We observed dose- and time-dependent increases in mitochondrial incorporation into myoblasts. This resulted in elongated mitochondrial networks and an enhancement of bioenergetic profile of the host cells. Mitochondrial donation also rejuvenated the functional capacities of the myoblasts when respiration efficiency and lysosomal function were inhibited by complex I inhibitor rotenone and bafilomycin A, respectively. Mitochondrial transfer was accomplished via tunneling nanotubes, extracellular vesicles, gap junctions, and by macropinocytosis internalization. Murine muscle mitochondria were also effectively transferred to human fibroblast cells having mitochondrial DNA mutations, resulting in augmented mitochondrial dynamics and metabolic functions. This improved cell function by diminishing reactive oxygen species (ROS) emission in the diseased cells. Our findings suggest that mitochondria from donor skeletal muscle can be integrated in both healthy and functionally compromised host cells leading to mitochondrial structural refinement and respiratory boost. This mitochondrial trafficking and bioenergetic reprogramming to maintain and revitalize tissue homeostasis could be a useful therapeutic strategy in treating diseases.NEW & NOTEWORTHY In our study, we have shown the potential of mouse skeletal muscle intermyofibrillar mitochondria to be transplanted in myoblasts and human fibroblast cells having mitochondrial DNA mutations. This resulted in an augmentation of mitochondrial dynamics and enhancement of bioenergetic profile in the host cells. Our findings suggest that mitochondria from donor skeletal muscle can be integrated into both healthy and functionally compromised host cells leading to mitochondrial structural refinement and respiratory boost.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debasmita Bhattacharya
- Muscle Health Research Center, School of Kinesiology and Health Science, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mikhaela B Slavin
- Muscle Health Research Center, School of Kinesiology and Health Science, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - David A Hood
- Muscle Health Research Center, School of Kinesiology and Health Science, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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22
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Bielcikova Z, Werner L, Stursa J, Cerny V, Krizova L, Spacek J, Hlousek S, Vocka M, Bartosova O, Pesta M, Kolostova K, Klezl P, Bobek V, Truksa J, Stemberkova-Hubackova S, Petruzelka L, Michalek P, Neuzil J. Mitochondrially targeted tamoxifen as anticancer therapy: case series of patients with renal cell carcinoma treated in a phase I/Ib clinical trial. Ther Adv Med Oncol 2023; 15:17588359231197957. [PMID: 37786538 PMCID: PMC10541747 DOI: 10.1177/17588359231197957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrially targeted anticancer drugs (mitocans) that disrupt the energy-producing systems of cancer are emerging as new potential therapeutics. Mitochondrially targeted tamoxifen (MitoTam), an inhibitor of mitochondrial respiration respiratory complex I, is a first-in-class mitocan that was tested in the phase I/Ib MitoTam-01 trial of patients with metastatic cancer. MitoTam exhibited a manageable safety profile and efficacy; among 37% (14/38) of responders, the efficacy was greatest in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma (RCC) with a clinical benefit rate of 83% (5/6) of patients. This can be explained by the preferential accumulation of MitoTam in the kidney tissue in preclinical studies. Here we report the mechanism of action and safety profile of MitoTam in a case series of RCC patients. All six patients were males with a median age of 69 years, who had previously received at least three lines of palliative systemic therapy and suffered progressive disease before starting MitoTam. We recorded stable disease in four, partial response in one, and progressive disease (PD) in one patient. The histological subtype matched clear cell RCC (ccRCC) in the five responders and claro-cellular carcinoma with sarcomatoid features in the non-responder. The number of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) was evaluated longitudinally to monitor disease dynamics. Beside the decreased number of CTCs after MitoTam administration, we observed a significant decrease of the mitochondrial network mass in enriched CTCs. Two patients had long-term clinical responses to MitoTam, of 50 and 36 weeks. Both patients discontinued treatment due to adverse events, not PD. Two patients who completed the trial in November 2019 and May 2020 are still alive without subsequent anticancer therapy. The toxicity of MitoTam increased with the dosage but was manageable. The efficacy of MitoTam in pretreated ccRCC patients is linked to the novel mechanism of action of this first-in-class mitochondrially targeted drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuzana Bielcikova
- Department of Oncology, General Faculty Hospital, U Nemocnice 499/2, Prague 2, 128 08, Czech Republic
| | - Lukas Werner
- Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prumyslova 595, Prague-West 252 50, Czech Republic Diabetes Centre, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague 4, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Stursa
- Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague-West, Czech RepublicDiabetes Centre, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague 4, Czech Republic
| | - Vladimir Cerny
- Department of Radiodiagnostics, General University Hospital and First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Ludmila Krizova
- Department of Oncology, General University Hospital and First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Spacek
- Department of Oncology, General University Hospital and First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Stanislav Hlousek
- Department of Oncology, General University Hospital and First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Michal Vocka
- Department of Oncology, General University Hospital and First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Olga Bartosova
- Institute of Pharmacology, General University Hospital and First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Michal Pesta
- Department of Probability and Mathematical Statistics, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Katarina Kolostova
- Laboratory of Personalized Medicine, Oncology Clinic, Faculty Hospital Kralovske Vinohrady, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Klezl
- Laboratory of Personalized Medicine, Oncology Clinic, Faculty Hospital Kralovske Vinohrady, Prague, Czech Republic Urology Clinic, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and Faculty Hospital Kralovske Vinohrady, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Vladimir Bobek
- Laboratory of Personalized Medicine, Oncology Clinic, Faculty Hospital Kralovske Vinohrady, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jaroslav Truksa
- Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague-West, Czech Republic
| | - Sona Stemberkova-Hubackova
- Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague-West, Czech RepublicDiabetes Centre, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague 4, Czech Republic
| | - Lubos Petruzelka
- Department of Oncology, General University Hospital and First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Michalek
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, General University Hospital and First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jiri Neuzil
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Science, Griffith University, Southport, Qld 4222, Australia Department of Pediatrics and Inherited Metabolic Diseases, General University Hospital and First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic Department of Physiology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prumyslova 595, Prague-West 252 50, Czech Republic
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23
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KAWATANI MAKOTO, AONO HARUMI, HIRANUMA SAYOKO, SHIMIZU TAKESHI, MUROI MAKOTO, NOGAWA TOSHIHIKO, OHISHI TOMOKAZU, OHBA SHUNICHI, KAWADA MANABU, YAMAZAKI KANAMI, DAN SHINGO, DOHMAE NAOSHI, OSADA HIROYUKI. Identification of a dihydroorotate dehydrogenase inhibitor that inhibits cancer cell growth by proteomic profiling. Oncol Res 2023; 31:833-844. [PMID: 37744270 PMCID: PMC10513951 DOI: 10.32604/or.2023.030241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (DHODH) is a central enzyme of the de novo pyrimidine biosynthesis pathway and is a promising drug target for the treatment of cancer and autoimmune diseases. This study presents the identification of a potent DHODH inhibitor by proteomic profiling. Cell-based screening revealed that NPD723, which is reduced to H-006 in cells, strongly induces myeloid differentiation and inhibits cell growth in HL-60 cells. H-006 also suppressed the growth of various cancer cells. Proteomic profiling of NPD723-treated cells in ChemProteoBase showed that NPD723 was clustered with DHODH inhibitors. H-006 potently inhibited human DHODH activity in vitro, whereas NPD723 was approximately 400 times less active than H-006. H-006-induced cell death was rescued by the addition of the DHODH product orotic acid. Moreover, metabolome analysis revealed that H-006 treatment promotes marked accumulation of the DHODH substrate dihydroorotic acid. These results suggest that NPD723 is reduced in cells to its active metabolite H-006, which then targets DHODH and suppresses cancer cell growth. Thus, H-006-related drugs represent a potentially powerful treatment for cancer and other diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- MAKOTO KAWATANI
- Biomolecular Characterization Unit, Technology Platform Division, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science (CSRS), Saitama, 351-0198, Japan
- Chemical Resource Development Unit, Technology Platform Division, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science (CSRS), Saitama, 351-0198, Japan
| | - HARUMI AONO
- Chemical Resource Development Unit, Technology Platform Division, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science (CSRS), Saitama, 351-0198, Japan
| | - SAYOKO HIRANUMA
- Chemical Biology Research Group, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science (CSRS), Saitama, 351-0198, Japan
| | - TAKESHI SHIMIZU
- Chemical Biology Research Group, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science (CSRS), Saitama, 351-0198, Japan
| | - MAKOTO MUROI
- Biomolecular Characterization Unit, Technology Platform Division, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science (CSRS), Saitama, 351-0198, Japan
- Chemical Resource Development Unit, Technology Platform Division, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science (CSRS), Saitama, 351-0198, Japan
| | - TOSHIHIKO NOGAWA
- Molecular Structure Characterization Unit, Technology Platform Division, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science (CSRS), Saitama, 351-0198, Japan
| | - TOMOKAZU OHISHI
- Institute of Microbial Chemistry (BIKAKEN), Numazu, Microbial Chemistry Research Foundation, Shizuoka, 410-0301, Japan
| | - SHUN-ICHI OHBA
- Institute of Microbial Chemistry (BIKAKEN), Numazu, Microbial Chemistry Research Foundation, Shizuoka, 410-0301, Japan
| | - MANABU KAWADA
- Institute of Microbial Chemistry (BIKAKEN), Numazu, Microbial Chemistry Research Foundation, Shizuoka, 410-0301, Japan
| | - KANAMI YAMAZAKI
- Division of Molecular Pharmacology, Cancer Chemotherapy Center, Japan Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo, 135-8550, Japan
| | - SHINGO DAN
- Division of Molecular Pharmacology, Cancer Chemotherapy Center, Japan Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo, 135-8550, Japan
| | - NAOSHI DOHMAE
- Biomolecular Characterization Unit, Technology Platform Division, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science (CSRS), Saitama, 351-0198, Japan
| | - HIROYUKI OSADA
- Chemical Resource Development Unit, Technology Platform Division, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science (CSRS), Saitama, 351-0198, Japan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka, 422-8526, Japan
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24
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Neuzil J, Rohlena J, Werner L, Bielcikova Z. MitoTam-01 Trial: Mitochondrial Targeting as Plausible Approach to Cancer Therapy. Comment on Yap et al. Complex I Inhibitor of Oxidative Phosphorylation in Advanced Solid Tumors and Acute Myeloid Leukemia: Phase I Trials. Nat. Med. 2023, 29, 115-126. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:4476. [PMID: 37760446 PMCID: PMC10526283 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15184476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
A recent paper published in Nature Medicine reported on the Phase I clinical trial of a mitochondria-targeting anti-cancer agent IACS-01059 in patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and solid tumors [...].
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiri Neuzil
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Science, Griffith University, Southport, Qld 4222, Australia
- Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, 252 50 Prague, Czech Republic; (J.R.); (L.W.)
- Faculty of Science, Charles University, 128 00 Prague, Czech Republic
- First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, 121 08 Prague, Czech Republic;
| | - Jakub Rohlena
- Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, 252 50 Prague, Czech Republic; (J.R.); (L.W.)
| | - Lukas Werner
- Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, 252 50 Prague, Czech Republic; (J.R.); (L.W.)
| | - Zuzana Bielcikova
- First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, 121 08 Prague, Czech Republic;
- General University Hospital, Charles University, 128 08 Prague, Czech Republic
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25
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Sharma P, Borthakur G. Targeting metabolic vulnerabilities to overcome resistance to therapy in acute myeloid leukemia. CANCER DRUG RESISTANCE (ALHAMBRA, CALIF.) 2023; 6:567-589. [PMID: 37842232 PMCID: PMC10571063 DOI: 10.20517/cdr.2023.12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Revised: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
Malignant hematopoietic cells gain metabolic plasticity, reorganize anabolic mechanisms to improve anabolic output and prevent oxidative damage, and bypass cell cycle checkpoints, eventually outcompeting normal hematopoietic cells. Current therapeutic strategies of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) are based on prognostic stratification that includes mutation profile as the closest surrogate to disease biology. Clinical efficacy of targeted therapies, e.g., agents targeting mutant FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3) and isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 or 2, are mostly limited to the presence of relevant mutations. Recent studies have not only demonstrated that specific mutations in AML create metabolic vulnerabilities but also highlighted the efficacy of targeting metabolic vulnerabilities in combination with inhibitors of these mutations. Therefore, delineating the functional relationships between genetic stratification, metabolic dependencies, and response to specific inhibitors of these vulnerabilities is crucial for identifying more effective therapeutic regimens, understanding resistance mechanisms, and identifying early response markers, ultimately improving the likelihood of cure. In addition, metabolic changes occurring in the tumor microenvironment have also been reported as therapeutic targets. The metabolic profiles of leukemia stem cells (LSCs) differ, and relapsed/refractory LSCs switch to alternative metabolic pathways, fueling oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS), rendering them therapeutically resistant. In this review, we discuss the role of cancer metabolic pathways that contribute to the metabolic plasticity of AML and confer resistance to standard therapy; we also highlight the latest promising developments in the field in translating these important findings to the clinic and discuss the tumor microenvironment that supports metabolic plasticity and interplay with AML cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gautam Borthakur
- Department of Leukemia, Section of Molecular Hematology and Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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26
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Sun JKL, Wong GCN, Chow KHM. Cross-talk between DNA damage response and the central carbon metabolic network underlies selective vulnerability of Purkinje neurons in ataxia-telangiectasia. J Neurochem 2023; 166:654-677. [PMID: 37319113 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.15881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2023] [Revised: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Cerebellar ataxia is often the first and irreversible outcome in the disease of ataxia-telangiectasia (A-T), as a consequence of selective cerebellar Purkinje neuronal degeneration. A-T is an autosomal recessive disorder resulting from the loss-of-function mutations of the ataxia-telangiectasia-mutated ATM gene. Over years of research, it now becomes clear that functional ATM-a serine/threonine kinase protein product of the ATM gene-plays critical roles in regulating both cellular DNA damage response and central carbon metabolic network in multiple subcellular locations. The key question arises is how cerebellar Purkinje neurons become selectively vulnerable when all other cell types in the brain are suffering from the very same defects in ATM function. This review intended to comprehensively elaborate the unexpected linkages between these two seemingly independent cellular functions and the regulatory roles of ATM involved, their integrated impacts on both physical and functional properties, hence the introduction of selective vulnerability to Purkinje neurons in the disease will be addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacquelyne Ka-Li Sun
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Genper Chi-Ngai Wong
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Kim Hei-Man Chow
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
- Gerald Choa Neuroscience Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
- Nexus of Rare Neurodegenerative Diseases, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
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27
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Shi DD, Savani MR, Abdullah KG, McBrayer SK. Emerging roles of nucleotide metabolism in cancer. Trends Cancer 2023; 9:624-635. [PMID: 37173188 PMCID: PMC10967252 DOI: 10.1016/j.trecan.2023.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Revised: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Nucleotides are substrates for multiple anabolic pathways, most notably DNA and RNA synthesis. Since nucleotide synthesis inhibitors began to be used for cancer therapy in the 1950s, our understanding of how nucleotides function in tumor cells has evolved, prompting a resurgence of interest in targeting nucleotide metabolism for cancer therapy. In this review, we discuss recent advances that challenge the idea that nucleotides are mere building blocks for the genome and transcriptome and highlight ways that these metabolites support oncogenic signaling, stress resistance, and energy homeostasis in tumor cells. These findings point to a rich network of processes sustained by aberrant nucleotide metabolism in cancer and reveal new therapeutic opportunities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana D Shi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Children's Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75235, USA
| | - Milan R Savani
- Children's Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75235, USA; Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Kalil G Abdullah
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; Hillman Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15232, USA
| | - Samuel K McBrayer
- Children's Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75235, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA; Harrold C. Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75235, USA.
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28
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Wu W, Zhao Y, Qin B, Jiang X, Wang C, Hu R, Ma R, Lee MH, Liu H, Li K, Yuan P. Non-canonical role of UCKL1 on ferroptosis defence in colorectal cancer. EBioMedicine 2023; 93:104650. [PMID: 37343364 PMCID: PMC10363437 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2023.104650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pyrimidine nucleotides fuel the growth of colorectal cancer (CRC), making their associated proteins potential targets for cancer intervention. Uridine-Cytidine Kinase Like-1(UCKL1) is an enzyme involved in the pyrimidine salvage pathway. It is highly expressed in multiple cancers. But the function and underlying mechanism of UCKL1 in CRC are yet to study. METHODS Large-scale genomic analysis was performed to search for potential CRC players related to pyrimidine metabolism. The function of UCKL1 in CRC were examined by RNA interference coupled with in vitro and in vivo assays. GSH/GSSG assay, NADP+ assay, ROS, and Lipid peroxidation assays were performed to check the function of UCKL1 in ferroptosis. Metabolomics analyses, RNA sequencing, western blotting, and rescue assays were done to reveal the underlying mechanisms of UCKL1. Xenograft mouse model was used to examine the therapeutic potential of UCKL1 as a target in combination with other ferroptosis inducers. FINDINGS UCKL1 was identified to repress ferroptosis in CRC cells. It was highly expressed in CRC. It regulated CRC cells proliferation and migration. Downregulation of UCKL1 led to enhanced tumour lipid peroxidation. Intriguingly, UCKL1 reduction-mediated ferroptosis was not related to its role in catalyzing uridine monophosphate (UMP) and cytidine monophosphate (CMP) synthesis. Instead, UCKL1 stabilized Nrf2, which in turn promoted the expression of SLC7A11, a classical repressor of ferroptosis. Moreover, downregulation of UCKL1 sensitized CRC cells to GPX4 inhibitors in vitro and in vivo. INTERPRETATION Our study demonstrates that UCKL1 plays a non-canonical role in repressing ferroptosis through a UCKL1-Nrf2-SLC7A11 axis in CRC cells. Combinatorial strategy in targeting ferroptosis by depletion of UCKL1 and application of GPX4 inhibitors may serve as a new effective method for CRC treatment. FUNDING This study was supported in part by fund from National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 31970674 to PY), by the Basic and Applied Basic Research Program of Guangdong Province (Grant No. 2023A1515030245 to KL), by the program of Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases (2020B1111170004), and by National Key Clinical Discipline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weili Wu
- Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Disease, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yingying Zhao
- Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Disease, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Baifu Qin
- Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Disease, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xin Jiang
- Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Disease, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chuyue Wang
- Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Disease, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Rong Hu
- Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Disease, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Rui Ma
- Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Disease, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mong-Hong Lee
- Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Disease, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huanliang Liu
- Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Disease, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kai Li
- Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Disease, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Ping Yuan
- Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Disease, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Department of General Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Biomedical Innovation Center, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
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Nakhle J, Khattar K, Özkan T, Boughlita A, Abba Moussa D, Darlix A, Lorcy F, Rigau V, Bauchet L, Gerbal-Chaloin S, Daujat-Chavanieu M, Bellvert F, Turchi L, Virolle T, Hugnot JP, Buisine N, Galloni M, Dardalhon V, Rodriguez AM, Vignais ML. Mitochondria Transfer from Mesenchymal Stem Cells Confers Chemoresistance to Glioblastoma Stem Cells through Metabolic Rewiring. CANCER RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS 2023; 3:1041-1056. [PMID: 37377608 PMCID: PMC10266428 DOI: 10.1158/2767-9764.crc-23-0144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2023] [Revised: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
Glioblastomas (GBM) are heterogeneous tumors with high metabolic plasticity. Their poor prognosis is linked to the presence of glioblastoma stem cells (GSC), which support resistance to therapy, notably to temozolomide (TMZ). Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) recruitment to GBM contributes to GSC chemoresistance, by mechanisms still poorly understood. Here, we provide evidence that MSCs transfer mitochondria to GSCs through tunneling nanotubes, which enhances GSCs resistance to TMZ. More precisely, our metabolomics analyses reveal that MSC mitochondria induce GSCs metabolic reprograming, with a nutrient shift from glucose to glutamine, a rewiring of the tricarboxylic acid cycle from glutaminolysis to reductive carboxylation and increase in orotate turnover as well as in pyrimidine and purine synthesis. Metabolomics analysis of GBM patient tissues at relapse after TMZ treatment documents increased concentrations of AMP, CMP, GMP, and UMP nucleotides and thus corroborate our in vitro analyses. Finally, we provide a mechanism whereby mitochondrial transfer from MSCs to GSCs contributes to GBM resistance to TMZ therapy, by demonstrating that inhibition of orotate production by Brequinar (BRQ) restores TMZ sensitivity in GSCs with acquired mitochondria. Altogether, these results identify a mechanism for GBM resistance to TMZ and reveal a metabolic dependency of chemoresistant GBM following the acquisition of exogenous mitochondria, which opens therapeutic perspectives based on synthetic lethality between TMZ and BRQ. Significance Mitochondria acquired from MSCs enhance the chemoresistance of GBMs. The discovery that they also generate metabolic vulnerability in GSCs paves the way for novel therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean Nakhle
- Institute of Functional Genomics, University of Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, Montpellier, France
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine and Biotherapy, University of Montpellier, INSERM, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France
- Institute of Molecular Genetics of Montpellier, University of Montpellier, CNRS, Montpellier, France
- RESTORE Research Center, University of Toulouse, INSERM 1301, CNRS 5070, EFS, ENVT, Toulouse, France
| | - Khattar Khattar
- Institute of Functional Genomics, University of Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, Montpellier, France
| | - Tülin Özkan
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine and Biotherapy, University of Montpellier, INSERM, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Biology, University of Ankara, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Adel Boughlita
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine and Biotherapy, University of Montpellier, INSERM, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Daouda Abba Moussa
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine and Biotherapy, University of Montpellier, INSERM, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Amélie Darlix
- Institute of Functional Genomics, University of Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, Montpellier, France
- Department of Medical Oncology, Institut Régional du Cancer de Montpellier (ICM), University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Frédérique Lorcy
- Department of Pathology and Oncobiology, Hôpital Gui de Chauliac, Montpellier, France
- The Center of the Biological Resource Center of University Hospital Center of Montpellier (BRC), Montpellier, France
| | - Valérie Rigau
- Institute of Functional Genomics, University of Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, Montpellier, France
- Department of Pathology and Oncobiology, Hôpital Gui de Chauliac, Montpellier, France
- The Center of the Biological Resource Center of University Hospital Center of Montpellier (BRC), Montpellier, France
| | - Luc Bauchet
- Institute of Functional Genomics, University of Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, Montpellier, France
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hopital Gui de Chauliac, Montpellier, France
| | - Sabine Gerbal-Chaloin
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine and Biotherapy, University of Montpellier, INSERM, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Martine Daujat-Chavanieu
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine and Biotherapy, University of Montpellier, INSERM, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Floriant Bellvert
- Toulouse Biotechnology Institute, University of Toulouse, CNRS, INRA, INSA, Toulouse, France
- MetaboHUB-MetaToul, National Infrastructure of Metabolomics and Fluxomics, Toulouse, France
| | - Laurent Turchi
- Université Côte D'Azur, CNRS, INSERM, Institut de Biologie Valrose, Team INSERM, “Cancer Stem Cell Plasticity and Functional Intra-tumor Heterogeneity”, Nice, France
| | - Thierry Virolle
- Université Côte D'Azur, CNRS, INSERM, Institut de Biologie Valrose, Team INSERM, “Cancer Stem Cell Plasticity and Functional Intra-tumor Heterogeneity”, Nice, France
| | - Jean-Philippe Hugnot
- Institute of Functional Genomics, University of Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, Montpellier, France
| | - Nicolas Buisine
- UMR7221 Physiologie Moléculaire et Adaptation, CNRS, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France
| | - Mireille Galloni
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine and Biotherapy, University of Montpellier, INSERM, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Valérie Dardalhon
- Institute of Molecular Genetics of Montpellier, University of Montpellier, CNRS, Montpellier, France
| | - Anne-Marie Rodriguez
- Sorbonne Université, Institut de Biologie Paris-Seine (IBPS), CNRS UMR 8256, INSERM ERL U1164, Biological Adaptation and Ageing, Paris, France
| | - Marie-Luce Vignais
- Institute of Functional Genomics, University of Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, Montpellier, France
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine and Biotherapy, University of Montpellier, INSERM, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France
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Yang C, Zhao Y, Wang L, Guo Z, Ma L, Yang R, Wu Y, Li X, Niu J, Chu Q, Fu Y, Li B. De novo pyrimidine biosynthetic complexes support cancer cell proliferation and ferroptosis defence. Nat Cell Biol 2023; 25:836-847. [PMID: 37291265 DOI: 10.1038/s41556-023-01146-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
De novo pyrimidine biosynthesis is achieved by cytosolic carbamoyl-phosphate synthetase II, aspartate transcarbamylase and dihydroorotase (CAD) and uridine 5'-monophosphate synthase (UMPS), and mitochondrial dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (DHODH). However, how these enzymes are orchestrated remains enigmatical. Here we show that cytosolic glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase 1 clusters with CAD and UMPS, and this complex then connects with DHODH, which is mediated by the mitochondrial outer membrane protein voltage-dependent anion-selective channel protein 3. Therefore, these proteins form a multi-enzyme complex, named 'pyrimidinosome', involving AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) as a regulator. Activated AMPK dissociates from the complex to enhance pyrimidinosome assembly but inactivated UMPS, which promotes DHODH-mediated ferroptosis defence. Meanwhile, cancer cells with lower expression of AMPK are more reliant on pyrimidinosome-mediated UMP biosynthesis and more vulnerable to its inhibition. Our findings reveal the role of pyrimidinosome in regulating pyrimidine flux and ferroptosis, and suggest a pharmaceutical strategy of targeting pyrimidinosome in cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuanzhen Yang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yiliang Zhao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Liao Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Zihao Guo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Lingdi Ma
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Ronghui Yang
- Beijing Institute of Hepatology, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Wu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xuexue Li
- Beijing Institute of Hepatology, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Niu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Qiaoyun Chu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yanxia Fu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Binghui Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
- Beijing Institute of Hepatology, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
- Department of Cancer Cell Biology and National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China.
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31
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Zhan M, Ding Y, Huang S, Liu Y, Xiao J, Yu H, Lu L, Wang X. Lysyl oxidase-like 3 restrains mitochondrial ferroptosis to promote liver cancer chemoresistance by stabilizing dihydroorotate dehydrogenase. Nat Commun 2023; 14:3123. [PMID: 37253718 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-38753-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023] Open
Abstract
To overcome chemotherapy resistance, novel strategies sensitizing cancer cells to chemotherapy are required. Here, we screen the lysyl-oxidase (LOX) family to clarify its contribution to chemotherapy resistance in liver cancer. LOXL3 depletion significantly sensitizes liver cancer cells to Oxaliplatin by inducing ferroptosis. Chemotherapy-activated EGFR signaling drives LOXL3 to interact with TOM20, causing it to be hijacked into mitochondria, where LOXL3 lysyl-oxidase activity is reinforced by phosphorylation at S704. Metabolic adenylate kinase 2 (AK2) directly phosphorylates LOXL3-S704. Phosphorylated LOXL3-S704 targets dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (DHODH) and stabilizes it by preventing its ubiquitin-mediated proteasomal degradation. K344-deubiquitinated DHODH accumulates in mitochondria, in turn inhibiting chemotherapy-induced mitochondrial ferroptosis. CRISPR-Cas9-mediated site-mutation of mouse LOXL3-S704 to D704 causes a reduction in lipid peroxidation. Using an advanced liver cancer mouse model, we further reveal that low-dose Oxaliplatin in combination with the DHODH-inhibitor Leflunomide effectively inhibit liver cancer progression by inducing ferroptosis, with increased chemotherapy sensitivity and decreased chemotherapy toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meixiao Zhan
- Zhuhai Interventional Medical Center, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumour Interventional Diagnosis and Treatment, Zhuhai People's Hospital, Zhuhai Hospital affiliated with Jinan University, Zhuhai, 519000, Guangdong, China
| | - Yufeng Ding
- Precise Genome Engineering Center, School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou University, 510006, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Shanzhou Huang
- Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, 510080, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuhang Liu
- Precise Genome Engineering Center, School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou University, 510006, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jing Xiao
- Zhuhai Interventional Medical Center, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumour Interventional Diagnosis and Treatment, Zhuhai People's Hospital, Zhuhai Hospital affiliated with Jinan University, Zhuhai, 519000, Guangdong, China
| | - Hua Yu
- Precise Genome Engineering Center, School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou University, 510006, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Ligong Lu
- Zhuhai Interventional Medical Center, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumour Interventional Diagnosis and Treatment, Zhuhai People's Hospital, Zhuhai Hospital affiliated with Jinan University, Zhuhai, 519000, Guangdong, China.
| | - Xiongjun Wang
- Precise Genome Engineering Center, School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou University, 510006, Guangzhou, China.
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32
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Amos A, Amos A, Wu L, Xia H. The Warburg effect modulates DHODH role in ferroptosis: a review. Cell Commun Signal 2023; 21:100. [PMID: 37147673 PMCID: PMC10161480 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-022-01025-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 05/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Ferroptosis is an iron-dependent regulated cell death that suppresses tumor growth. It is activated by extensive peroxidation of membrane phospholipids caused by oxidative stress. GPX4, an antioxidant enzyme, reduces these peroxidized membrane phospholipids thereby inhibiting ferroptosis. This enzyme has two distinct subcellular localization; the cytosol and mitochondria. Dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (DHODH) complements mitochondrial GPX4 in reducing peroxidized membrane phospholipids. It is the rate-limiting enzyme in de novo pyrimidine nucleotide biosynthesis. Its role in ferroptosis inhibition suggests that DHODH inhibitors could have two complementary mechanisms of action against tumors; inhibiting de novo pyrimidine nucleotide biosynthesis and enhancing ferroptosis. However, the link between mitochondrial function and ferroptosis, and the involvement of DHODH in the ETC suggests that its role in ferroptosis could be modulated by the Warburg effect. Therefore, we reviewed relevant literature to get an insight into the possible effect of this metabolic reprogramming on the role of DHODH in ferroptosis. Furthermore, an emerging link between DHODH and cellular GSH pool has also been highlighted. These insights could contribute to the rational design of ferroptosis-based anticancer drugs. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alvan Amos
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital & Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research & The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 42 Baiziting Road, Nanjing, 210009, China
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Kaduna State University, PMB 2339 Tafawa Balewa Way, Kaduna, Nigeria
| | - Alex Amos
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ahmadu Bello University Zaria, Zaria, Nigeria
| | - Lirong Wu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital & Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research & The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 42 Baiziting Road, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - He Xia
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital & Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research & The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 42 Baiziting Road, Nanjing, 210009, China.
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33
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Yang JJ, Chen XY, Song DD, Huang LL. Design, synthesis and evaluation of novel curcumin analog as potential anti-lung cancer agent. JOURNAL OF ASIAN NATURAL PRODUCTS RESEARCH 2023; 25:456-470. [PMID: 35832012 DOI: 10.1080/10286020.2022.2095264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Curcumin is a polyphenolic compound derived from the plant turmeric and the structural instability of which limits its further clinical applications. In this study, 11 curcumin analogs with more stable scaffold were prepared and evaluated. The results indicated that the optimal compound Y-11 exhibited the strongest antiproliferative activities against lung cancer cells including H460 and H1650. Further studies showed that Y-11 potentially inhibited hDHODH, induced cell cycle arrest and apoptosis as well as down-regulated crucial signal pathway protein expression in H1650 cells. In the conclusion, the newly designed curcumin analog Y-11 may be suitable for further development in lung cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Jing Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, Shaoxing Seventh People's Hospital, Shaoxing 312000, China
| | - Xiao-Yan Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, Shaoxing Seventh People's Hospital, Shaoxing 312000, China
| | - Dan-Dan Song
- Department of Pharmacy, Shaoxing Seventh People's Hospital, Shaoxing 312000, China
| | - Li-Li Huang
- Department of Pharmacy, Ningbo Medical Centre Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo 315100, China
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Yang K, Fu LM, Chu XY, Zhang J, Chen WQ, Yan YS, Wang YP, Zhang DL, Yin CH, Guo Q. Assessment of a novel variation in DHODH gene causing Miller syndrome: The first report in Chinese population. Mol Genet Genomic Med 2023:e2186. [PMID: 37120754 DOI: 10.1002/mgg3.2186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Miller syndrome is a rare type of postaxial acrofacial dysostosis caused by biallelic mutations in the DHODH gene, which is characterized mainly by craniofacial malformations of micrognathia, orofacial clefts, cup-shaped ears, and malar hypoplasia, combined with postaxial limb deformities like the absence of fifth digits. METHODS In this study, a prenatal case with multiple orofacial-limb abnormities was enrolled, and a thorough clinical and imaging examination was performed. Subsequently, genetic detection with karyotyping, chromosomal microarray analysis (CMA) and whole-exome sequencing (WES) was carried out. In vitro splicing analysis was also conducted to clarify the impact of one novel variant. RESULTS The affected fetus displayed typical manifestations of Miller syndrome, and WES identified a diagnostic compound heterozygous variation in DHODH, consisting of two variants: exon(1-3)del and c.819 + 5G > A. We conducted a further in vitro validation with minigene system, and the result indicated that the c.819 + 5G > A variant would lead to an exon skipping in mRNA splicing. CONCLUSIONS These findings provided with the first exonic deletion and first splice site variant in DHODH, which expanded the mutation spectrum of Miller syndrome and offered reliable evidence for genetic counseling to the affected family.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Yang
- Prenatal Diagnostic Center, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Li-Man Fu
- Ultrasonic Department, Shijiazhuang Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Key Laboratory of Maternal and Fetal Medicine of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Xiao-Yang Chu
- Department of Stomatology, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Prenatal Diagnosis Center, Shijiazhuang Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Key Laboratory of Maternal and Fetal Medicine of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Wen-Qi Chen
- Prenatal Diagnosis Center, Shijiazhuang Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Key Laboratory of Maternal and Fetal Medicine of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - You-Sheng Yan
- Prenatal Diagnostic Center, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yi-Peng Wang
- Prenatal Diagnostic Center, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Dong-Liang Zhang
- Department of Orthodontics, Beijing Stomatological Hospital, Capital Medical University School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Cheng-Hong Yin
- Prenatal Diagnostic Center, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Qing Guo
- Prenatal Diagnosis Center, Shijiazhuang Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Key Laboratory of Maternal and Fetal Medicine of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, China
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Purhonen J, Banerjee R, Wanne V, Sipari N, Mörgelin M, Fellman V, Kallijärvi J. Mitochondrial complex III deficiency drives c-MYC overexpression and illicit cell cycle entry leading to senescence and segmental progeria. Nat Commun 2023; 14:2356. [PMID: 37095097 PMCID: PMC10126100 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-38027-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 04/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Accumulating evidence suggests mitochondria as key modulators of normal and premature aging, yet whether primary oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) deficiency can cause progeroid disease remains unclear. Here, we show that mice with severe isolated respiratory complex III (CIII) deficiency display nuclear DNA damage, cell cycle arrest, aberrant mitoses, and cellular senescence in the affected organs such as liver and kidney, and a systemic phenotype resembling juvenile-onset progeroid syndromes. Mechanistically, CIII deficiency triggers presymptomatic cancer-like c-MYC upregulation followed by excessive anabolic metabolism and illicit cell proliferation against lack of energy and biosynthetic precursors. Transgenic alternative oxidase dampens mitochondrial integrated stress response and the c-MYC induction, suppresses the illicit proliferation, and prevents juvenile lethality despite that canonical OXPHOS-linked functions remain uncorrected. Inhibition of c-MYC with the dominant-negative Omomyc protein relieves the DNA damage in CIII-deficient hepatocytes in vivo. Our results connect primary OXPHOS deficiency to genomic instability and progeroid pathogenesis and suggest that targeting c-MYC and aberrant cell proliferation may be therapeutic in mitochondrial diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janne Purhonen
- Folkhälsan Research Center, Haartmaninkatu 8, 00290, Helsinki, Finland
- Stem Cells and Metabolism Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, P.O.Box 63, 00014, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Rishi Banerjee
- Folkhälsan Research Center, Haartmaninkatu 8, 00290, Helsinki, Finland
- Stem Cells and Metabolism Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, P.O.Box 63, 00014, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Vilma Wanne
- Folkhälsan Research Center, Haartmaninkatu 8, 00290, Helsinki, Finland
- Stem Cells and Metabolism Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, P.O.Box 63, 00014, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Nina Sipari
- Viikki Metabolomics Unit, University of Helsinki, P.O.Box 65, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Matthias Mörgelin
- Division of Infection Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, P.O.Box 117, 221 00, Lund, Sweden
- Colzyx AB, Scheelevägen 2, 22381, Lund, Sweden
| | - Vineta Fellman
- Folkhälsan Research Center, Haartmaninkatu 8, 00290, Helsinki, Finland
- Stem Cells and Metabolism Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, P.O.Box 63, 00014, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund, Pediatrics, Lund University, P.O.Box 117, 221 00, Lund, Sweden
- Children's Hospital, Clinicum, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 22, 00014, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jukka Kallijärvi
- Folkhälsan Research Center, Haartmaninkatu 8, 00290, Helsinki, Finland.
- Stem Cells and Metabolism Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, P.O.Box 63, 00014, Helsinki, Finland.
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Duan Y, Yu J, Chen M, Lu Q, Ning F, Gan X, Liu H, Ye Y, Lu S, Lash GE. Knockdown of heat shock protein family D member 1 (HSPD1) promotes proliferation and migration of ovarian cancer cells via disrupting the stability of mitochondrial 3-oxoacyl-ACP synthase (OXSM). J Ovarian Res 2023; 16:81. [PMID: 37087461 PMCID: PMC10122320 DOI: 10.1186/s13048-023-01156-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Heat shock protein 60 (HSP60) is essential for the folding and assembly of newly imported proteins to the mitochondria. HSP60 is overexpressed in most types of cancer, but its association with ovarian cancer is still in dispute. SKOV3 and OVCAR3 were used as experimental models after comparing the expression level of mitochondrial HSP60 in a normal human ovarian epithelial cell line and four ovarian cancer cell lines. RESULTS Low HSPD1 (Heat Shock Protein Family D (HSP60) Member 1) expression was associated with unfavorable prognosis in ovarian cancer patients. Knockdown of HSPD1 significantly promoted the proliferation and migration of ovarian cancer cells. The differentially expressed proteins after HSPD1 knockdown were enriched in the lipoic acid (LA) biosynthesis and metabolism pathway, in which mitochondrial 3-oxoacyl-ACP synthase (OXSM) was the most downregulated protein and responsible for lipoic acid synthesis. HSP60 interacted with OXSM and overexpression of OXSM or LA treatment could reverse proliferation promotion mediated by HSPD1 knockdown. CONCLUSIONS HSP60 interacted with OXSM and maintained its stability. Knockdown of HSPD1 could promote the proliferation and migration of SKOV3 and OVCAR3 via lowering the protein level of OXSM and LA synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaoyun Duan
- Division of Uterine Vascular Biology, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, 510623, Guangzhou, China
| | - Juan Yu
- Division of Uterine Vascular Biology, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, 510623, Guangzhou, China
| | - Miaojuan Chen
- Division of Uterine Vascular Biology, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, 510623, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qinsheng Lu
- Division of Uterine Vascular Biology, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, 510623, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fen Ning
- Division of Uterine Vascular Biology, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, 510623, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaowen Gan
- Division of Uterine Vascular Biology, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, 510623, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hanbo Liu
- School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yixin Ye
- Division of Uterine Vascular Biology, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, 510623, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shenjiao Lu
- Division of Uterine Vascular Biology, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, 510623, Guangzhou, China
| | - Gendie E Lash
- Division of Uterine Vascular Biology, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, 510623, Guangzhou, China.
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Qiu X, Li Y, Zhang Z. Crosstalk between oxidative phosphorylation and immune escape in cancer: a new concept of therapeutic targets selection. Cell Oncol (Dordr) 2023:10.1007/s13402-023-00801-0. [PMID: 37040057 DOI: 10.1007/s13402-023-00801-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cancer is increasingly recognized as a metabolic disease, with evidence suggesting that oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) plays a significant role in the progression of numerous cancer cells. OXPHOS not only provides sufficient energy for tumor tissue survival but also regulates conditions for tumor proliferation, invasion, and metastasis. Alterations in OXPHOS can also impair the immune function of immune cells in the tumor microenvironment, leading to immune evasion. Therefore, investigating the relationship between OXPHOS and immune escape is crucial in cancer-related research. This review aims to summarize the effects of transcriptional, mitochondrial genetic, metabolic regulation, and mitochondrial dynamics on OXPHOS in different cancers. Additionally, it highlights the role of OXPHOS in immune escape by affecting various immune cells. Finally, it concludes with an overview of recent advances in antitumor strategies targeting both immune and metabolic processes and proposes promising therapeutic targets by analyzing the limitations of current targeted drugs. CONCLUSIONS The metabolic shift towards OXPHOS contributes significantly to tumor proliferation, progression, metastasis, immune escape, and poor prognosis. A thorough investigation of concrete mechanisms of OXPHOS regulation in different types of tumors and the combination usage of OXPHOS-targeted drugs with existing immunotherapies could potentially uncover new therapeutic targets for future antitumor therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xutong Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Head and Neck Cancer Surgery, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Head and Neck Cancer Surgery, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhuoyuan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
- Department of Head and Neck Cancer Surgery, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
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Wu J, Zhou J, Chai Y, Qin C, Cai Y, Xu D, Lei Y, Mei Z, Li M, Shen L, Fang G, Yang Z, Cai S, Xiong N. Novel prognostic features and personalized treatment strategies for mitochondria-related genes in glioma patients. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1172182. [PMID: 37091853 PMCID: PMC10113561 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1172182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BackgroundGliomas are the most common intracranial nervous system tumours that are highly malignant and aggressive, and mitochondria are an important marker of metabolic reprogramming of tumour cells, the prognosis of which cannot be accurately predicted by current histopathology. Therefore, Identify a mitochondrial gene with immune-related features that could be used to predict the prognosis of glioma patients.MethodsGliomas data were downloaded from the TCGA database and mitochondrial-associated genes were obtained from the MITOCARTA 3.0 dataset. The CGGA, kamoun and gravendeel databases were used as external datasets. LASSO(Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator) regression was applied to identify prognostic features, and area and nomograms under the ROC(Receiver Operating Characteristic) curve were used to assess the robustness of the model. Single sample genomic enrichment analysis (ssGSEA) was employed to explore the relationship between model genes and immune infiltration, and drug sensitivity was used to identify targeting drugs. Cellular studies were then performed to demonstrate drug killing against tumours.ResultsCOX assembly mitochondrial protein homolog (CMC1), Cytochrome c oxidase protein 20 homolog (COX20) and Cytochrome b-c1 complex subunit 7 (UQCRB) were identified as prognostic key genes in glioma, with UQCRB, CMC1 progressively increasing and COX20 progressively decreasing with decreasing risk scores. ROC curve analysis of the TCGA training set model yielded AUC (Area Under The Curve) values >0.8 for 1-, 2- and 3-year survival, and the model was associated with both CD8+ T cells and immune checkpoints. Finally, using cellMiner database and molecular docking, it was confirmed that UQCRB binds covalently to Amonafide via lysine at position 78 and threonine at position 82, while cellular assays showed that Amonafide inhibits glioma migration and invasion.ConclusionOur three mitochondrial genomic composition-related features accurately predict Survival in glioma patients, and we also provide glioma chemotherapeutic agents that may be mitochondria-related targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, China
| | - Jiabin Zhou
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yibo Chai
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Chengjian Qin
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, China
| | - Yuankun Cai
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Dongyuan Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yu Lei
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhimin Mei
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Muhua Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, China
| | - Lei Shen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, China
| | - Guoxing Fang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, China
| | - Zhaojian Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Red Cross Hospital of Yulin City, Yulin, China
- *Correspondence: Zhaojian Yang, ; Songshan Cai, ; Nanxiang Xiong,
| | - Songshan Cai
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- *Correspondence: Zhaojian Yang, ; Songshan Cai, ; Nanxiang Xiong,
| | - Nanxiang Xiong
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- *Correspondence: Zhaojian Yang, ; Songshan Cai, ; Nanxiang Xiong,
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Raudenská M, Petrláková K, Juriňáková T, Leischner Fialová J, Fojtů M, Jakubek M, Rösel D, Brábek J, Masařík M. Engine shutdown: migrastatic strategies and prevention of metastases. Trends Cancer 2023; 9:293-308. [PMID: 36804341 DOI: 10.1016/j.trecan.2023.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
Most cancer-related deaths among patients with solid tumors are caused by metastases. Migrastatic strategies represent a unique therapeutic approach to prevent all forms of cancer cell migration and invasion. Because the migration machinery has been shown to promote metastatic dissemination, successful migrastatic therapy may reduce the need for high-dose cytotoxic therapies that are currently used to prevent the risk of metastatic dissemination. In this review we focus on anti-invasive and antimetastatic strategies that hold promise for the treatment of solid tumors. The best targets for migrastatic therapy would be those that are required by all forms of motility, such as ATP availability, mitochondrial metabolism, and cytoskeletal dynamics and cell contractility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Raudenská
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, CZ-625 00 Brno, Czech Republic; Department of Pathological Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, CZ-625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Kateřina Petrláková
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, CZ-625 00 Brno, Czech Republic; Department of Pathological Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, CZ-625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Tamara Juriňáková
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, CZ-625 00 Brno, Czech Republic; Department of Pathological Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, CZ-625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jindřiška Leischner Fialová
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, CZ-625 00 Brno, Czech Republic; Department of Pathological Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, CZ-625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Michaela Fojtů
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, CZ-625 00 Brno, Czech Republic; Department of Pathological Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, CZ-625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Milan Jakubek
- BIOCEV (Biotechnology and Biomedicine Center in Vestec), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prumyslova 595, CZ-252 50 Vestec, Czech Republic
| | - Daniel Rösel
- Department of Cell Biology, BIOCEV, Faculty of Science, Charles University, CZ-252 50, Vestec, Prague-West, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Brábek
- Department of Cell Biology, BIOCEV, Faculty of Science, Charles University, CZ-252 50, Vestec, Prague-West, Czech Republic
| | - Michal Masařík
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, CZ-625 00 Brno, Czech Republic; Department of Pathological Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, CZ-625 00 Brno, Czech Republic; BIOCEV (Biotechnology and Biomedicine Center in Vestec), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prumyslova 595, CZ-252 50 Vestec, Czech Republic.
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Xenotopic expression of alternative oxidase (AOX) to study mechanisms of mitochondrial disease. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. BIOENERGETICS 2023; 1864:148947. [PMID: 36481273 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2022.148947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Revised: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The mitochondrial respiratory chain or electron transport chain (ETC) facilitates redox reactions which ultimately lead to the reduction of oxygen to water (respiration). Energy released by this process is used to establish a proton electrochemical gradient which drives ATP formation (oxidative phosphorylation, OXPHOS). It also plays an important role in vital processes beyond ATP formation and cellular metabolism, such as heat production, redox and ion homeostasis. Dysfunction of the ETC can thus impair cellular and organismal viability and is thought to be the underlying cause of a heterogeneous group of so-called mitochondrial diseases. Plants, yeasts, and many lower organisms, but not insects and vertebrates, possess an enzymatic mechanism that confers resistance to respiratory stress conditions, i.e., the alternative oxidase (AOX). Even in cells that naturally lack AOX, it is autonomously imported into the mitochondrial compartment upon xenotopic expression, where it refolds and becomes catalytically engaged when the cytochrome segment of the ETC is blocked. AOX was therefore proposed as a tool to study disease etiologies. To this end, AOX has been xenotopically expressed in mammalian cells and disease models of the fruit fly and mouse. Surprisingly, AOX showed remarkable rescue effects in some cases, whilst in others it had no effect or even exacerbated a condition. Here we summarize what has been learnt from the use of AOX in various disease models and discuss issues which still need to be addressed in order to understand the role of the ETC in health and disease.
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Chen J, Zheng Q, Hicks JL, Trabzonlu L, Ozbek B, Jones T, Vaghasia A, Larman TC, Wang R, Markowski MC, Denmeade SR, Pienta KJ, Hruban RH, Antonarakis ES, Gupta A, Dang CV, Yegnasubramanian S, De Marzo AM. MYC-driven increases in mitochondrial DNA copy number occur early and persist throughout prostatic cancer progression. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.02.20.529259. [PMID: 36865273 PMCID: PMC9979994 DOI: 10.1101/2023.02.20.529259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Abstract
Increased mitochondrial function may render some cancers vulnerable to mitochondrial inhibitors. Since mitochondrial function is regulated partly by mitochondrial DNA copy number (mtDNAcn), accurate measurements of mtDNAcn could help reveal which cancers are driven by increased mitochondrial function and may be candidates for mitochondrial inhibition. However, prior studies have employed bulk macrodissections that fail to account for cell type-specific or tumor cell heterogeneity in mtDNAcn. These studies have often produced unclear results, particularly in prostate cancer. Herein, we developed a multiplex in situ method to spatially quantify cell type specific mtDNAcn. We show that mtDNAcn is increased in luminal cells of high-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (HGPIN), is increased in prostatic adenocarcinomas (PCa), and is further elevated in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer. Increased PCa mtDNAcn was validated by two orthogonal methods and is accompanied by increases in mtRNAs and enzymatic activity. Mechanistically, MYC inhibition in prostate cancer cells decreases mtDNA replication and expression of several mtDNA replication genes, and MYC activation in the mouse prostate leads to increased mtDNA levels in the neoplastic prostate cells. Our in situ approach also revealed elevated mtDNAcn in precancerous lesions of the pancreas and colon/rectum, demonstrating generalization across cancer types using clinical tissue samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayu Chen
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Qizhi Zheng
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Jessica L. Hicks
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Levent Trabzonlu
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Busra Ozbek
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Tracy Jones
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Ajay Vaghasia
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Tatianna C. Larman
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Rulin Wang
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Mark C. Markowski
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Sam R. Denmeade
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Department of Urology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Kenneth J. Pienta
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Department of Urology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Ralph H. Hruban
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- The Sol Goldman Pancreatic Cancer Research Center, Johns Hopkins Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Emmanuel S. Antonarakis
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Department of Urology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Anuj Gupta
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Chi V Dang
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Srinivasan Yegnasubramanian
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Angelo M. De Marzo
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Department of Urology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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Sahu A, Wang X, Munson P, Klomp JP, Wang X, Gu SS, Han Y, Qian G, Nicol P, Zeng Z, Wang C, Tokheim C, Zhang W, Fu J, Wang J, Nair NU, Rens JA, Bourajjaj M, Jansen B, Leenders I, Lemmers J, Musters M, van Zanten S, van Zelst L, Worthington J, Liu JS, Juric D, Meyer CA, Oubrie A, Liu XS, Fisher DE, Flaherty KT. Discovery of Targets for Immune-Metabolic Antitumor Drugs Identifies Estrogen-Related Receptor Alpha. Cancer Discov 2023; 13:672-701. [PMID: 36745048 PMCID: PMC9975674 DOI: 10.1158/2159-8290.cd-22-0244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Revised: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Drugs that kill tumors through multiple mechanisms have the potential for broad clinical benefits. Here, we first developed an in silico multiomics approach (BipotentR) to find cancer cell-specific regulators that simultaneously modulate tumor immunity and another oncogenic pathway and then used it to identify 38 candidate immune-metabolic regulators. We show the tumor activities of these regulators stratify patients with melanoma by their response to anti-PD-1 using machine learning and deep neural approaches, which improve the predictive power of current biomarkers. The topmost identified regulator, ESRRA, is activated in immunotherapy-resistant tumors. Its inhibition killed tumors by suppressing energy metabolism and activating two immune mechanisms: (i) cytokine induction, causing proinflammatory macrophage polarization, and (ii) antigen-presentation stimulation, recruiting CD8+ T cells into tumors. We also demonstrate a wide utility of BipotentR by applying it to angiogenesis and growth suppressor evasion pathways. BipotentR (http://bipotentr.dfci.harvard.edu/) provides a resource for evaluating patient response and discovering drug targets that act simultaneously through multiple mechanisms. SIGNIFICANCE BipotentR presents resources for evaluating patient response and identifying targets for drugs that can kill tumors through multiple mechanisms concurrently. Inhibition of the topmost candidate target killed tumors by suppressing energy metabolism and effects on two immune mechanisms. This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 517.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avinash Sahu
- Department of Data Science, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado
- Corresponding Authors: Keith T. Flaherty, Developmental Therapeutics, Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, 55 Fruit Street, Boston, MA 02114. Phone: 617-724-4000; E-mail: ; David E. Fisher, Charlestown Navy Yard Building 149, 149 13th Street, Charlestown, MA 02129. Phone: 617-643-5428; E-mail: ; and Avinash Sahu, Department of Data Sciences, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, 44 Binney Street, Boston, MA 02115. Phone: 240-391-8125; E-mail:
| | - Xiaoman Wang
- Department of Data Science, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Phillip Munson
- Department of Medicine and Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Boston, Massachusetts
| | | | - Xiaoqing Wang
- Department of Data Science, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Shengqing Stan Gu
- Department of Data Science, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Ya Han
- School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Gege Qian
- Department of Data Science, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Phillip Nicol
- Department of Data Science, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Zexian Zeng
- Department of Data Science, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Chenfei Wang
- Department of Data Science, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Collin Tokheim
- Department of Data Science, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Wubing Zhang
- Department of Data Science, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Jingxin Fu
- Department of Data Science, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Jin Wang
- Department of Data Science, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Nishanth Ulhas Nair
- Cancer Data Science Laboratory, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | | | | | - Bas Jansen
- Lead Pharma, Kloosterstraat, Oss, the Netherlands
| | | | - Jaap Lemmers
- Lead Pharma, Kloosterstraat, Oss, the Netherlands
| | - Mark Musters
- Lead Pharma, Kloosterstraat, Oss, the Netherlands
| | | | | | | | - Jun S. Liu
- Department of Statistics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Dejan Juric
- Department of Medicine and Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Clifford A. Meyer
- Department of Data Science, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | | | - X. Shirley Liu
- Department of Data Science, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - David E. Fisher
- Department of Medicine and Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Dermatology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
- Corresponding Authors: Keith T. Flaherty, Developmental Therapeutics, Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, 55 Fruit Street, Boston, MA 02114. Phone: 617-724-4000; E-mail: ; David E. Fisher, Charlestown Navy Yard Building 149, 149 13th Street, Charlestown, MA 02129. Phone: 617-643-5428; E-mail: ; and Avinash Sahu, Department of Data Sciences, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, 44 Binney Street, Boston, MA 02115. Phone: 240-391-8125; E-mail:
| | - Keith T. Flaherty
- Department of Medicine and Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Boston, Massachusetts
- Corresponding Authors: Keith T. Flaherty, Developmental Therapeutics, Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, 55 Fruit Street, Boston, MA 02114. Phone: 617-724-4000; E-mail: ; David E. Fisher, Charlestown Navy Yard Building 149, 149 13th Street, Charlestown, MA 02129. Phone: 617-643-5428; E-mail: ; and Avinash Sahu, Department of Data Sciences, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, 44 Binney Street, Boston, MA 02115. Phone: 240-391-8125; E-mail:
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Functional Assessment of Mitochondrial DNA Maintenance by Depletion and Repopulation Using 2',3'-Dideoxycytidine in Cultured Cells. Methods Mol Biol 2023; 2615:229-240. [PMID: 36807796 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-2922-2_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Abstract
The manipulation of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) copy number in cultured cells, using substances that interfere with DNA replication, is a useful tool to investigate various aspects of mtDNA maintenance. Here we describe the use of 2',3'-dideoxycytidine (ddC) to induce a reversible reduction of mtDNA copy number in human primary fibroblasts and human embryonic kidney (HEK293) cells. Once the application of ddC is stopped, cells depleted for mtDNA attempt to recover normal mtDNA copy numbers. The dynamics of repopulation of mtDNA provide a valuable measure for the enzymatic activity of the mtDNA replication machinery.
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Dong LF, Rohlena J, Zobalova R, Nahacka Z, Rodriguez AM, Berridge MV, Neuzil J. Mitochondria on the move: Horizontal mitochondrial transfer in disease and health. J Cell Biol 2023; 222:213873. [PMID: 36795453 PMCID: PMC9960264 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.202211044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2022] [Revised: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Mammalian genes were long thought to be constrained within somatic cells in most cell types. This concept was challenged recently when cellular organelles including mitochondria were shown to move between mammalian cells in culture via cytoplasmic bridges. Recent research in animals indicates transfer of mitochondria in cancer and during lung injury in vivo, with considerable functional consequences. Since these pioneering discoveries, many studies have confirmed horizontal mitochondrial transfer (HMT) in vivo, and its functional characteristics and consequences have been described. Additional support for this phenomenon has come from phylogenetic studies. Apparently, mitochondrial trafficking between cells occurs more frequently than previously thought and contributes to diverse processes including bioenergetic crosstalk and homeostasis, disease treatment and recovery, and development of resistance to cancer therapy. Here we highlight current knowledge of HMT between cells, focusing primarily on in vivo systems, and contend that this process is not only (patho)physiologically relevant, but also can be exploited for the design of novel therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan-Feng Dong
- https://ror.org/02sc3r913School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, Griffith University, Southport, Australia,Lan-Feng Dong:
| | - Jakub Rohlena
- https://ror.org/00wzqmx94Institute of Biotechnology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague-West, Czech Republic
| | - Renata Zobalova
- https://ror.org/00wzqmx94Institute of Biotechnology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague-West, Czech Republic
| | - Zuzana Nahacka
- https://ror.org/00wzqmx94Institute of Biotechnology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague-West, Czech Republic
| | | | | | - Jiri Neuzil
- https://ror.org/02sc3r913School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, Griffith University, Southport, Australia,https://ror.org/00wzqmx94Institute of Biotechnology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague-West, Czech Republic,Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic,First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic,Correspondence to Jiri Neuzil: ,
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Depletion of SOD2 enhances nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell radiosensitivity via ferroptosis induction modulated by DHODH inhibition. BMC Cancer 2023; 23:117. [PMID: 36737723 PMCID: PMC9896811 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-022-10465-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recurrence due to the development of radioresistance remains a major challenge in the clinical management of nasopharyngeal carcinoma. The objective of this study was to increase the sensitivity of nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells to ionizing radiation by enhancing oxidative stress and ferroptosis caused by disrupting the mitochondrial anti-oxidant enzyme system. METHODS Oxidative stress cell model was constructed by SOD2 knockdown using shRNA. The expression and activity of DHODH was suppressed by siRNA and brequinar in SOD2 depleted cells. Protein levels were determined by western blotting and ferroptosis was assessed by C11 BODIPY and malondialdehyde assay. Cell viability was evaluated using CCK-8 assay while radiotoxicity was assessed by colony formation assay. Cellular ATP level was determined by ATP assay kits, ROS was determined by DCFD and DHE, while mitochondrial oxygen consumption was determined by seahorse assay. Data were analyzed by two-tailed independent t-test. RESULTS Radiation upregulated SOD2 expression and SOD2 depletion increased cellular O2.-, malondialdehyde, and the fluorescence intensity of oxidized C11 BODIPY. It also resulted in mitochondrial damage. Its depletion decreased colony formation both under ionizing and non-ionizing radiation conditions. The ferroptosis inhibitor, deferoxamine, rescued cell viability and colony formation in SOD2 depleted cells. Cellular level of malondialdehyde, fluorescence intensity of oxidized C11 BODIPY, O2.- level, ATP, and mitochondrial oxygen consumption decreased following DHODH inhibition in SOD2 depleted cells. Cell viability and colony formation was rescued by DHODH inhibition in SOD2 depleted cells. CONCLUSION Inducing oxidative stress by SOD2 inhibition sensitized nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells to ionizing radiation via ferroptosis induction. This was found to be dependent on DHODH activity. This suggests that DHODH inhibitors should be used with caution during radiotherapy in nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients.
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Bielcikova Z, Stursa J, Krizova L, Dong L, Spacek J, Hlousek S, Vocka M, Rohlenova K, Bartosova O, Cerny V, Padrta T, Pesta M, Michalek P, Hubackova SS, Kolostova K, Pospisilova E, Bobek V, Klezl P, Zobalova R, Endaya B, Rohlena J, Petruzelka L, Werner L, Neuzil J. Mitochondrially targeted tamoxifen in patients with metastatic solid tumours: an open-label, phase I/Ib single-centre trial. EClinicalMedicine 2023; 57:101873. [PMID: 37064512 PMCID: PMC10102891 DOI: 10.1016/j.eclinm.2023.101873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Revised: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Mitochondria present an emerging target for cancer treatment. We have investigated the effect of mitochondrially targeted tamoxifen (MitoTam), a first-in-class anti-cancer agent, in patients with solid metastatic tumours. Methods MitoTam was tested in an open-label, single-centre (Department of Oncology, General Faculty Hospital, Charles University, Czech Republic), phase I/Ib trial in metastatic patients with various malignancies and terminated oncological therapies. In total, 75 patients were enrolled between May 23, 2018 and July 22, 2020. Phase I evaluated escalating doses of MitoTam in two therapeutic regimens using the 3 + 3 design to establish drug safety and maximum tolerated dose (MTD). In phase Ib, three dosing regimens were applied over 8 and 6 weeks to evaluate long-term toxicity of MitoTam as the primary objective and its anti-cancer effect as a secondary objective. This trial was registered with the European Medicines Agency under EudraCT 2017-004441-25. Findings In total, 37 patients were enrolled into phase I and 38 into phase Ib. In phase I, the initial application of MitoTam via peripheral vein indicated high risk of thrombophlebitis, which was avoided by central vein administration. The highest dose with acceptable side effects was 5.0 mg/kg. The prevailing adverse effects (AEs) in phase I were neutropenia (30%), anaemia (30%) and fever/hyperthermia (30%), and in phase Ib fever/hyperthermia (58%) together with anaemia (26%) and neutropenia (16%). Serious AEs were mostly related to thromboembolic (TE) complications that affected 5% and 13% of patients in phase I and Ib, respectively. The only statistically significant AE related to MitoTam treatment was anaemia in phase Ib (p = 0.004). Of the tested regimens weekly dosing with 3.0 mg/kg for 6 weeks afforded the best safety profile with almost all being grade 1 (G1) AEs. Altogether, five fatalities occurred during the study, two of them meeting criteria for Suspected Unexpected Serious Adverse Events Reporting (SUSAR) (G4 thrombocytopenia and G5 stroke). MitoTam showed benefit evaluated as clinical benefit rate (CBR) in 37% patients with the largest effect in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) where four out of six patients reached disease stabilisation (SD), one reached partial response (PR) so that in total, five out of six (83%) patients showed CBR. Interpretation In this study, the MTD was established as 5.0 mg/kg and the recommended dose of MitoTam as 3.0 mg/kg given once per week via central vein with recommended preventive anti-coagulation therapy. The prevailing toxicity included haematological AEs, hyperthermia/fever and TE complications. One fatal stroke and non-fatal G4 thrombocytopenia were recorded. MitoTam showed high efficacy against RCC. Funding Smart Brain Ltd. Translation For the Czech translation of the abstract see Supplementary Materials section.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuzana Bielcikova
- Department of Oncology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, and General University Hospital, Prague 128 08, Czech Republic
- Corresponding author. Department of Oncology, General Faculty Hospital and 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, U Nemocnice 499/2, Prague 2 128 08, Czech Republic.
| | - Jan Stursa
- Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague-West 252 50, Czech Republic
| | - Ludmila Krizova
- Department of Oncology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, and General University Hospital, Prague 128 08, Czech Republic
| | - Lanfeng Dong
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Science, Griffith University, Southport, Qld 4222, Australia
| | - Jan Spacek
- Department of Oncology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, and General University Hospital, Prague 128 08, Czech Republic
| | - Stanislav Hlousek
- Department of Oncology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, and General University Hospital, Prague 128 08, Czech Republic
| | - Michal Vocka
- Department of Oncology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, and General University Hospital, Prague 128 08, Czech Republic
| | - Katerina Rohlenova
- Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague-West 252 50, Czech Republic
| | - Olga Bartosova
- Institute of Pharmacology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Prague 128 08, Czech Republic
| | - Vladimir Cerny
- Department of Radiodiagnostics, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, and General University Hospital, Prague 128 08, Czech Republic
| | - Tomas Padrta
- Department of Radiodiagnostics, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, and General University Hospital, Prague 128 08, Czech Republic
| | - Michal Pesta
- Department of Probability and Mathematical Statistics, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Charles University, Prague 121 06, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Michalek
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Prague 128 08, Czech Republic
| | - Sona Stemberkova Hubackova
- Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague-West 252 50, Czech Republic
- Centre for Experimental Medicine, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague 4 140 21, Czech Republic
| | - Katarina Kolostova
- Laboratory of Personalized Medicine, Oncology Clinic, Faculty Hospital Kralovske Vinohrady, Prague 10 100 34, Czech Republic
| | - Eliska Pospisilova
- Laboratory of Personalized Medicine, Oncology Clinic, Faculty Hospital Kralovske Vinohrady, Prague 10 100 34, Czech Republic
| | - Vladimir Bobek
- Laboratory of Personalized Medicine, Oncology Clinic, Faculty Hospital Kralovske Vinohrady, Prague 10 100 34, Czech Republic
| | - Peter Klezl
- Laboratory of Personalized Medicine, Oncology Clinic, Faculty Hospital Kralovske Vinohrady, Prague 10 100 34, Czech Republic
- Urology Clinic, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and Faculty Hospital Kralovske Vinohrady, Prague 10 100 34, Czech Republic
| | - Renata Zobalova
- Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague-West 252 50, Czech Republic
| | - Berwini Endaya
- Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague-West 252 50, Czech Republic
- Department of Pediatrics and Inherited Metabolic Diseases, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague 2 128 08, Czech Republic
| | - Jakub Rohlena
- Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague-West 252 50, Czech Republic
| | - Lubos Petruzelka
- Department of Oncology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, and General University Hospital, Prague 128 08, Czech Republic
| | - Lukas Werner
- Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague-West 252 50, Czech Republic
- Corresponding author. Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prumyslova 595, Prague-West 252 50, Czech Republic.
| | - Jiri Neuzil
- Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague-West 252 50, Czech Republic
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Science, Griffith University, Southport, Qld 4222, Australia
- Department of Pediatrics and Inherited Metabolic Diseases, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague 2 128 08, Czech Republic
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague 2 128 00, Czech Republic
- Corresponding author. School of Pharmacy and Medical Science, Griffith University, Parklands Avenue, 4222 Southport, Qld, Australia, or Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prumyslova 595, Prague-West 252 50, Czech Republic.
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Rinaldi L, Senatore E, Iannucci R, Chiuso F, Feliciello A. Control of Mitochondrial Activity by the Ubiquitin Code in Health and Cancer. Cells 2023; 12:234. [PMID: 36672167 PMCID: PMC9856579 DOI: 10.3390/cells12020234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cellular homeostasis is tightly connected to the broad variety of mitochondrial functions. To stay healthy, cells need a constant supply of nutrients, energy production and antioxidants defenses, undergoing programmed death when a serious, irreversible damage occurs. The key element of a functional integration of all these processes is the correct crosstalk between cell signaling and mitochondrial activities. Once this crosstalk is interrupted, the cell is not able to communicate its needs to mitochondria, resulting in oxidative stress and development of pathological conditions. Conversely, dysfunctional mitochondria may affect cell viability, even in the presence of nutrients supply and energy production, indicating the existence of feed-back control mechanisms between mitochondria and other cellular compartments. The ubiquitin proteasome system (UPS) is a multi-step biochemical pathway that, through the conjugation of ubiquitin moieties to specific protein substrates, controls cellular proteostasis and signaling, removing damaged or aged proteins that might otherwise accumulate and affect cell viability. In response to specific needs or changed extracellular microenvironment, the UPS modulates the turnover of mitochondrial proteins, thus influencing the organelle shape, dynamics and function. Alterations of the dynamic and reciprocal regulation between mitochondria and UPS underpin genetic and proliferative disorders. This review focuses on the mitochondrial metabolism and activities supervised by UPS and examines how deregulation of this control mechanism results in proliferative disorders and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Antonio Feliciello
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples, 80131 Naples, Italy
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Xu Z, Lu S, Liu X, Tang L, Liu Z, Cui J, Wang W, Lu W, Huang J. Drug repurposing of ilepcimide that ameliorates experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis via restricting inflammatory response and oxidative stress. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2023; 458:116328. [PMID: 36455640 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2022.116328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory and demyelinating disease of the central nervous system (CNS) that remains incurable. Herein, we demonstrated that ilepcimide (Antiepilepsirine), an antiepileptic drug used for decades, protects mice from experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), a mouse model of MS. Our studies found that ilepcimide treatment effectively ameliorates demyelination, blood-brain barrier leakage and infiltration of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in EAE mice. On the one hand, ilepcimide can inhibit dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (DHODH), an important therapeutic target for MS. Computer molecular docking, thermal shift and fluorescence quenching assay demonstrated the directly interaction between ilepcimide and DHODH. Accordingly, ilepcimide observably repressed T cell proliferation in mixed lymphocyte reaction (MLR) assay and concanavalin A (Con-A) model in a DHODH-dependent manner. On the other hand, ilepcimide exhibited neuroprotective effect possibly through activating NRF2 antioxidant pathway in mouse neural crest-derived Neuro2a cells. Collectively, our findings have revealed the therapeutic potential of ilepcimide in EAE mouse model via restricting inflammatory response and oxidative stress, offering a potential opportunity for repurposing existing drug ilepcimide for MS therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaomin Xu
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Optogenetic Techniques for Cell Metabolism, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Sisi Lu
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Optogenetic Techniques for Cell Metabolism, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Xi Liu
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Optogenetic Techniques for Cell Metabolism, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Lu Tang
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Optogenetic Techniques for Cell Metabolism, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Zehui Liu
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Optogenetic Techniques for Cell Metabolism, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiayan Cui
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Optogenetic Techniques for Cell Metabolism, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Wanyan Wang
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Optogenetic Techniques for Cell Metabolism, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Weiqiang Lu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Jin Huang
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Optogenetic Techniques for Cell Metabolism, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China.
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Oh S, Jo S, Bajzikova M, Kim HS, Dao TTP, Rohlena J, Kim JM, Neuzil J, Park S. Non-bioenergetic roles of mitochondrial GPD2 promote tumor progression. Theranostics 2023; 13:438-457. [PMID: 36632231 PMCID: PMC9830446 DOI: 10.7150/thno.75973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Rationale: Despite growing evidence for mitochondria's involvement in cancer, the roles of specific metabolic components outside the respiratory complex have been little explored. We conducted metabolomic studies on mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA)-deficient (ρ0) cancer cells with lower proliferation rates to clarify the undefined roles of mitochondria in cancer growth. Methods and results: Despite extensive metabolic downregulation, ρ0 cells exhibited high glycerol-3-phosphate (G3P) level, due to low activity of mitochondrial glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GPD2). Knockout (KO) of GPD2 resulted in cell growth suppression as well as inhibition of tumor progression in vivo. Surprisingly, this was unrelated to the conventional bioenergetic function of GPD2. Instead, multi-omics results suggested major changes in ether lipid metabolism, for which GPD2 provides dihydroxyacetone phosphate (DHAP) in ether lipid biosynthesis. GPD2 KO cells exhibited significantly lower ether lipid level, and their slower growth was rescued by supplementation of a DHAP precursor or ether lipids. Mechanistically, ether lipid metabolism was associated with Akt pathway, and the downregulation of Akt/mTORC1 pathway due to GPD2 KO was rescued by DHAP supplementation. Conclusion: Overall, the GPD2-ether lipid-Akt axis is newly described for the control of cancer growth. DHAP supply, a non-bioenergetic process, may constitute an important role of mitochondria in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sehyun Oh
- College of Pharmacy, Natural Product Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Sihyang Jo
- College of Pharmacy, Natural Product Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Martina Bajzikova
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Science, Griffith University, Southport, Qld, Australia
| | - Han Sun Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Natural Product Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Thien T. P. Dao
- College of Pharmacy, Natural Product Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Jakub Rohlena
- Institute of Physiology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jin-Mo Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Natural Product Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Jiri Neuzil
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Science, Griffith University, Southport, Qld, Australia.,Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague-West, Czech Republic.,Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic.,✉ Corresponding authors: Sunghyouk Park, Natural Product Research Institute, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Gwanak-Ro 1, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tel: +82-2-880-7831; Fax: +82-2-880-7831; E-mail: ; Jiri Neuzil, School of Pharmacy and Medical Science, Griffith University, 1 Parklands Dr, Southport, Qld 4215, Australia, Tel: +61-(0)7-5552-9109; Fax: +61-(0)7-5552-9109; E-mail: or
| | - Sunghyouk Park
- College of Pharmacy, Natural Product Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea.,✉ Corresponding authors: Sunghyouk Park, Natural Product Research Institute, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Gwanak-Ro 1, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tel: +82-2-880-7831; Fax: +82-2-880-7831; E-mail: ; Jiri Neuzil, School of Pharmacy and Medical Science, Griffith University, 1 Parklands Dr, Southport, Qld 4215, Australia, Tel: +61-(0)7-5552-9109; Fax: +61-(0)7-5552-9109; E-mail: or
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50
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Mullen NJ, Thakur R, Shukla SK, Chaika NV, Kollala SS, Wang D, He C, Fujii Y, Sharma S, Mulder SE, Sykes DB, Singh PK. ENT1 blockade by CNX-774 overcomes resistance to DHODH inhibition in pancreatic cancer. Cancer Lett 2023; 552:215981. [PMID: 36341997 PMCID: PMC10305837 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2022.215981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Revised: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Inhibitors of dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (DHODH), a key enzyme for de novo synthesis of pyrimidine nucleotides, have failed in clinical trials for various cancers despite robust efficacy in preclinical animal models. To probe for druggable mediators of DHODH inhibitor resistance, we performed a combination screen with a small molecule library against pancreatic cancer cell lines that are highly resistant to the DHODH inhibitor brequinar (BQ). The screen revealed that CNX-774, a preclinical Bruton tyrosine kinase (BTK) inhibitor, sensitizes resistant cell lines to BQ. Mechanistic studies showed that this effect is independent of BTK and instead results from inhibition of equilibrative nucleoside transporter 1 (ENT1) by CNX-774. We show that ENT1 mediates BQ resistance by taking up extracellular uridine, which is salvaged to generate pyrimidine nucleotides in a DHODH-independent manner. In BQ-resistant cell lines, BQ monotherapy slowed proliferation and caused modest pyrimidine nucleotide depletion, whereas combination treatment with BQ and CNX-774 led to profound cell viability loss and pyrimidine starvation. We also identify N-acetylneuraminic acid accumulation as a potential marker of the therapeutic efficacy of DHODH inhibitors. In an aggressive, immunocompetent pancreatic cancer mouse model, combined targeting of DHODH and ENT1 dramatically suppressed tumor growth and prolonged mouse survival. Overall, our study defines CNX-774 as a previously uncharacterized ENT1 inhibitor and provides strong proof of concept support for dual targeting of DHODH and ENT1 in pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas J Mullen
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Ravi Thakur
- Department of Oncology Science, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, 73014, USA
| | - Surendra K Shukla
- Department of Oncology Science, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, 73014, USA
| | - Nina V Chaika
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Sai Sundeep Kollala
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Dezhen Wang
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Chunbo He
- Department of Oncology Science, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, 73014, USA
| | - Yuki Fujii
- Department of Oncology Science, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, 73014, USA
| | - Shikhar Sharma
- Department of Oncology Science, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, 73014, USA
| | - Scott E Mulder
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - David B Sykes
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Pankaj K Singh
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA; Department of Oncology Science, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, 73014, USA; OU Health Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, USA.
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