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Jiang M, Yan Q, Fu Y, Meng L, Gai S, Pan X, Qin Y, Jiang C. Development of Cu(II) 4-hydroxybenzoylhydrazone complexes that induce mitochondrial DNA damage and mitochondria-mediated apoptosis in liver cancer. J Inorg Biochem 2024; 256:112550. [PMID: 38599004 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2024.112550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
Cisplatin remains the most widely used chemotherapeutic agent in cancer treatment; however, its inherent drawbacks have fueled the development of novel metalloanticancer drugs. In this study, two novel Cu(II) complexes (Cu1 and Cu2) were designed and synthesized. Notably, these Cu(II) complexes showed higher cytotoxicity against HL-7402 cells than cisplatin. Moreover, Cu(II) complexes significantly inhibited liver cancer growth in a xenograft model. A mechanism study revealed that the Cu(II) complexes reduced the mitochondrial membrane potential of cancer cells, produced excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS), induced mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) damage, and ultimately facilitated cancer cell apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Jiang
- School of Food and Biochemical Engineering, Guangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Laibin, Guangxi 546199, China.
| | - Qiwei Yan
- School of Food and Biochemical Engineering, Guangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Laibin, Guangxi 546199, China
| | - Yuanping Fu
- School of Food and Biochemical Engineering, Guangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Laibin, Guangxi 546199, China
| | - Lili Meng
- School of Food and Biochemical Engineering, Guangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Laibin, Guangxi 546199, China
| | - Shuangshuang Gai
- School of Food and Biochemical Engineering, Guangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Laibin, Guangxi 546199, China
| | - Xiaohui Pan
- School of Food and Biochemical Engineering, Guangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Laibin, Guangxi 546199, China
| | - Yiming Qin
- School of Food and Biochemical Engineering, Guangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Laibin, Guangxi 546199, China
| | - Caiyun Jiang
- School of Food and Biochemical Engineering, Guangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Laibin, Guangxi 546199, China.
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Dong M, Chen M, Zhang Y, He X, Min J, Tan Y, Wei H, Li X, Chen X, Zheng L, Yin Q, Li X, Chen H, Jiang H. Oscillatory shear stress promotes endothelial senescence and atherosclerosis via STING activation. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2024; 715:149979. [PMID: 38678779 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.149979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2024] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
Endothelial dysfunction is an initiating factor in atherosclerosis. Endothelial cells (ECs) are constantly subject to blood flow shear stress, and atherosclerotic plaques tend to occur in aortic bends or bifurcations impaired by low oscillatory shear stress (OSS). However, the mechanism that how OSS affects the initiation and progression of atherosclerosis remains to be explored. Here, we first reported that OSS can promote endothelial dysfunction and atherogenesis in vivo and in vitro by activating STING pathway. Mechanistically, at atherosclerosis-prone areas, OSS caused mitochondria damage in ECs, leading to the leakage of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) into the cytoplasm. The cytoplasmic mtDNA was recognized by cGAS to produce cGAMP, activating the STING pathway and leading to endothelial senescence, which resulted in endothelial dysfunction and atherosclerosis. We found that STING was activated in plaques of atherosclerotic patients and in aortic arch ECs of high-fat diet (HFD)-fed ApoeKO mice, as well as in ECs exposed to OSS. STING-specific deficiency in ECs attenuates endothelial senescence and resulted in a significant reduction in aortic arch plaque area in HFD-fed ApoeKO mice. Consistently, specific deficiency or pharmacological inhibition of STING attenuated OSS-induced senescence and endothelial dysfunction. Pharmacological depletion of mtDNA ameliorated OSS-induced senescence and endothelial dysfunction. Taken together, our study linked hemodynamics and endothelial senescence, and revealed a novel mechanism by which OSS leads to endothelial dysfunction. Our study provided new insights into the development of therapeutic strategies for endothelial senescence and atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengdie Dong
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Minghong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Yunjia Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Xian He
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Jiao Min
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Yongkang Tan
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Huiyuan Wei
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Xinyu Li
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Xiang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Longbin Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China; Department of Anesthesiology, Sir Run Run Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Quanwen Yin
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Xuesong Li
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Hongshan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China; Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Disease Translational Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China.
| | - Hong Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China.
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Ma Z, Xie K, Xue X, Li J, Yang Y, Wu J, Li Y, Li X. Si-Wu-Tang attenuates hepatocyte PANoptosis and M1 polarization of macrophages in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease by influencing the intercellular transfer of mtDNA. J Ethnopharmacol 2024; 328:118057. [PMID: 38518965 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/24/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) represents a burgeoning challenge for public health with potential progression to malignant liver diseases. PANoptosis, an avant-garde conceptualization of cell deaths, is closely associated with mitochondrial damage and linked to multiple liver disorders. Si-Wu-Tang (SWT), a traditional Chinese herbal prescription renowned for regulating blood-related disorders and ameliorating gynecological and hepatic diseases, has been demonstrated to alleviate liver fibrosis by regulating bile acid metabolism and immune responses. AIM OF THE STUDY However, the mechanisms by which mtDNA is released from PANoptotic hepatocytes, triggering macrophage activation and hepatitis and whether this process can be reversed by SWT remain unclear. MATERIALS AND METHODS Here, sophisticated RNA-sequencing complemented by molecular approaches were applied to explore the underlying mechanism of SWT against NAFLD in methionine/choline-deficient diet (MCD)-induced mice and relative in vitro models. RESULTS We revealed that SWT profoundly repaired mitochondrial dysfunction, blocked mitochondrial permeability transition and mtDNA released to the cytoplasm, subsequently reversing hepatocyte PANoptosis and macrophage polarization both in MCD-stimulated mice and in vitro. Mechanically, loaded lipids dramatically promoted the opening of mPTP and oligomerization of VDAC2 to orchestrate mtDNA release, which was combined with ZBP1 to promote hepatocyte PANoptosis and also taken by macrophages to trigger M1 polarization via the FSTL1 and PKM2 combination. SWT effectively blocked NOXA signaling and reversed all these detrimental outcomes. CONCLUSION Our findings show that SWT protects against hepatitis-mediated hepatocyte PANoptosis and macrophage M1 polarization by influencing intrahepatic synthesis, release and intercellular transfer of mtDNA, suggesting a potential therapeutic strategy for ameliorating NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Ma
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Kaihong Xie
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Xiaoyong Xue
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Jianan Li
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Yang Yang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Jianzhi Wu
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Yufei Li
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Xiaojiaoyang Li
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China.
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Yildirim RM, Seli E. The role of mitochondrial dynamics in oocyte and early embryo development. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2024; 159-160:52-61. [PMID: 38330625 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2024.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction is widely implicated in various human diseases, through mechanisms that go beyond mitochondria's well-established role in energy generation. These dynamic organelles exert vital control over numerous cellular processes, including calcium regulation, phospholipid synthesis, innate immunity, and apoptosis. While mitochondria's importance is acknowledged in all cell types, research has revealed the exceptionally dynamic nature of the mitochondrial network in oocytes and embryos, finely tuned to meet unique needs during gamete and pre-implantation embryo development. Within oocytes, both the quantity and morphology of mitochondria can significantly change during maturation and post-fertilization. These changes are orchestrated by fusion and fission processes (collectively known as mitochondrial dynamics), crucial for energy production, content exchange, and quality control as mitochondria adjust to the shifting energy demands of oocytes and embryos. The roles of proteins that regulate mitochondrial dynamics in reproductive processes have been primarily elucidated through targeted deletion studies in animal models. Notably, impaired mitochondrial dynamics have been linked to female reproductive health, affecting oocyte quality, fertilization, and embryo development. Dysfunctional mitochondria can lead to fertility problems and can have an impact on the success of pregnancy, particularly in older reproductive age women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raziye Melike Yildirim
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Emre Seli
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
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Donato L, Mordà D, Scimone C, Alibrandi S, D'Angelo R, Sidoti A. From powerhouse to regulator: The role of mitoepigenetics in mitochondrion-related cellular functions and human diseases. Free Radic Biol Med 2024; 218:105-119. [PMID: 38565400 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2024.03.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/30/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Beyond their crucial role in energy production, mitochondria harbor a distinct genome subject to epigenetic regulation akin to that of nuclear DNA. This paper delves into the nascent but rapidly evolving fields of mitoepigenetics and mitoepigenomics, exploring the sophisticated regulatory mechanisms governing mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA). These mechanisms encompass mtDNA methylation, the influence of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), and post-translational modifications of mitochondrial proteins. Together, these epigenetic modifications meticulously coordinate mitochondrial gene transcription, replication, and metabolism, thereby calibrating mitochondrial function in response to the dynamic interplay of intracellular needs and environmental stimuli. Notably, the dysregulation of mitoepigenetic pathways is increasingly implicated in mitochondrial dysfunction and a spectrum of human pathologies, including neurodegenerative diseases, cancer, metabolic disorders, and cardiovascular conditions. This comprehensive review synthesizes the current state of knowledge, emphasizing recent breakthroughs and innovations in the field. It discusses the potential of high-resolution mitochondrial epigenome mapping, the diagnostic and prognostic utility of blood or tissue mtDNA epigenetic markers, and the promising horizon of mitochondrial epigenetic drugs. Furthermore, it explores the transformative potential of mitoepigenetics and mitoepigenomics in precision medicine. Exploiting a theragnostic approach to maintaining mitochondrial allostasis, this paper underscores the pivotal role of mitochondrial epigenetics in charting new frontiers in medical science.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luigi Donato
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, Division of Medical Biotechnologies and Preventive Medicine, University of Messina, 98122, Messina, Italy; Department of Biomolecular Strategies, Genetics, Cutting-Edge Therapies, Euro-Mediterranean Institute of Science and Technology (I.E.ME.S.T.) 90139 Palermo, Italy.
| | - Domenico Mordà
- Department of Biomolecular Strategies, Genetics, Cutting-Edge Therapies, Euro-Mediterranean Institute of Science and Technology (I.E.ME.S.T.) 90139 Palermo, Italy; Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Messina, 98122, Messina, Italy.
| | - Concetta Scimone
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, Division of Medical Biotechnologies and Preventive Medicine, University of Messina, 98122, Messina, Italy; Department of Biomolecular Strategies, Genetics, Cutting-Edge Therapies, Euro-Mediterranean Institute of Science and Technology (I.E.ME.S.T.) 90139 Palermo, Italy.
| | - Simona Alibrandi
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, Division of Medical Biotechnologies and Preventive Medicine, University of Messina, 98122, Messina, Italy; Department of Biomolecular Strategies, Genetics, Cutting-Edge Therapies, Euro-Mediterranean Institute of Science and Technology (I.E.ME.S.T.) 90139 Palermo, Italy.
| | - Rosalia D'Angelo
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, Division of Medical Biotechnologies and Preventive Medicine, University of Messina, 98122, Messina, Italy.
| | - Antonina Sidoti
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, Division of Medical Biotechnologies and Preventive Medicine, University of Messina, 98122, Messina, Italy.
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Gu X, Chen Y, Cao K, Tu M, Liu W, Ju J. Therapeutic landscape in systemic lupus erythematosus: mtDNA activation of the cGAS-STING pathway. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 133:112114. [PMID: 38652968 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.112114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) serves as a pivotal immune stimulus in the immune response. During stress, mitochondria release mtDNA into the cytoplasm, where it is recognized by the cytoplasmic DNA receptor cGAS. This activation initiates the cGAS-STING-IRF3 pathway, culminating in an inflammatory response. The cGAS-STING pathway has emerged as a critical mediator of inflammatory responses in microbial infections, stress, autoimmune diseases, chronic illnesses, and tissue injuries. Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by connective tissue involvement across various bodily systems. Its hallmark is the production of numerous autoantibodies, which prompt the immune system to target and damage the body's own tissues, resulting in organ and tissue damage. Increasing evidence implicates the cGAS-STING pathway as a significant contributor to SLE pathogenesis. This article aims to explore the role of the mtDNA-triggered cGAS-STING pathway and its mechanisms in SLE, with the goal of providing novel insights for clinical interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaotian Gu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang 261053, China
| | - Yong Chen
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang 261053, China
| | - Kunyu Cao
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang 261053, China
| | - Miao Tu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang 261053, China
| | - Wan Liu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang 261053, China.
| | - Jiyu Ju
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang 261053, China.
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7
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Negroni YL, Doro I, Tamborrino A, Luzzi I, Fortunato S, Hensel G, Khosravi S, Maretto L, Stevanato P, Lo Schiavo F, de Pinto MC, Krupinska K, Zottini M. The Arabidopsis Mitochondrial Nucleoid-Associated Protein WHIRLY2 Is Required for a Proper Response to Salt Stress. Plant Cell Physiol 2024; 65:576-589. [PMID: 38591870 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcae025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2023] [Revised: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
In the last years, plant organelles have emerged as central coordinators of responses to internal and external stimuli, which can induce stress. Mitochondria play a fundamental role as stress sensors being part of a complex communication network between the organelles and the nucleus. Among the different environmental stresses, salt stress poses a significant challenge and requires efficient signaling and protective mechanisms. By using the why2 T-DNA insertion mutant and a novel knock-out mutant prepared by CRISPR/Cas9-mediated genome editing, this study revealed that WHIRLY2 is crucial for protecting mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) integrity during salt stress. Loss-of-function mutants show an enhanced sensitivity to salt stress. The disruption of WHIRLY2 causes the impairment of mtDNA repair that results in the accumulation of aberrant recombination products, coinciding with severe alterations in nucleoid integrity and overall mitochondria morphology besides a compromised redox-dependent response and misregulation of antioxidant enzymes. The results of this study revealed that WHIRLY2-mediated structural features in mitochondria (nucleoid compactness and cristae) are important for an effective response to salt stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuri L Negroni
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Via U. Bassi 58/b, Padova 35131, Italy
| | - Irene Doro
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Via U. Bassi 58/b, Padova 35131, Italy
| | - Alberto Tamborrino
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Via U. Bassi 58/b, Padova 35131, Italy
| | - Irene Luzzi
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Via U. Bassi 58/b, Padova 35131, Italy
| | - Stefania Fortunato
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnology and Environment, University of Bari, Campus Universitario, Via Orabona, 4, Bari 70125, Italy
| | - Götz Hensel
- Plant Reproductive Biology, Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, IPK, Corrensstraße 3, Seeland, Gatersleben D-06466, Germany
| | - Solmaz Khosravi
- Plant Reproductive Biology, Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, IPK, Corrensstraße 3, Seeland, Gatersleben D-06466, Germany
| | - Laura Maretto
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animal and Environment, University of Padova, Viale Università 16, Legnaro, Padova 35020, Italy
| | - Piergiorgio Stevanato
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animal and Environment, University of Padova, Viale Università 16, Legnaro, Padova 35020, Italy
| | - Fiorella Lo Schiavo
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Via U. Bassi 58/b, Padova 35131, Italy
| | - Maria Concetta de Pinto
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnology and Environment, University of Bari, Campus Universitario, Via Orabona, 4, Bari 70125, Italy
| | - Karin Krupinska
- Botanisches Institut, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Am Botanischen Garten 1-9, Kiel D-24098, Germany
| | - Michela Zottini
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Via U. Bassi 58/b, Padova 35131, Italy
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Du J, Liu F, Liu X, Zhao D, Wang D, Sun H, Yan C, Zhao Y. Lysosomal dysfunction and overload of nucleosides in thymidine phosphorylase deficiency of MNGIE. J Transl Med 2024; 22:449. [PMID: 38741129 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-024-05275-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Inherited deficiency of thymidine phosphorylase (TP), encoded by TYMP, leads to a rare disease with multiple mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) abnormalities, mitochondrial neurogastrointestinal encephalomyopathy (MNGIE). However, the impact of TP deficiency on lysosomes remains unclear, which are important for mitochondrial quality control and nucleic acid metabolism. Muscle biopsy tissue and skin fibroblasts from MNGIE patients, patients with m.3243 A > G mitochondrial encephalopathy, lactic acidosis and stroke-like episodes (MELAS) and healthy controls (HC) were collected to perform mitochondrial and lysosomal functional analyses. In addition to mtDNA abnormalities, compared to controls distinctively reduced expression of LAMP1 and increased mitochondrial content were detected in the muscle tissue of MNGIE patients. Skin fibroblasts from MNGIE patients showed decreased expression of LAMP2, lowered lysosomal acidity, reduced enzyme activity and impaired protein degradation ability. TYMP knockout or TP inhibition in cells can also induce the similar lysosomal dysfunction. Using lysosome immunoprecipitation (Lyso- IP), increased mitochondrial proteins, decreased vesicular proteins and V-ATPase enzymes, and accumulation of various nucleosides were detected in lysosomes with TP deficiency. Treatment of cells with high concentrations of dThd and dUrd also triggers lysosomal dysfunction and disruption of mitochondrial homeostasis. Therefore, the results provided evidence that TP deficiency leads to nucleoside accumulation in lysosomes and lysosomal dysfunction, revealing the widespread disruption of organelles underlying MNGIE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jixiang Du
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, China
- Research Institute of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Disease, Department of Neurology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, West Wenhua Street No.107, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, China
| | - Fuchen Liu
- Research Institute of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Disease, Department of Neurology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, West Wenhua Street No.107, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Xihan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Teratology, Ministry of Education, School of Basic Medical Science, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Dandan Zhao
- Research Institute of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Disease, Department of Neurology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, West Wenhua Street No.107, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Dongdong Wang
- Research Institute of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Disease, Department of Neurology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, West Wenhua Street No.107, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Hongsheng Sun
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, China
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, China
| | - Chuanzhu Yan
- Research Institute of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Disease, Department of Neurology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, West Wenhua Street No.107, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China.
- Mitochondrial Medicine Laboratory, Qilu Hospital (Qingdao), Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266000, Shandong, China.
- Brain Science Research Institute, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China.
| | - Yuying Zhao
- Research Institute of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Disease, Department of Neurology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, West Wenhua Street No.107, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China.
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9
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Wang Y, He X, Wang H, Hu W, Sun L. Qingfei xieding prescription ameliorates mitochondrial DNA-initiated inflammation in bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis through activating autophagy. J Ethnopharmacol 2024; 325:117820. [PMID: 38286157 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.117820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 01/31/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Qingfei Xieding prescription was gradually refined and produced by Hangzhou Red Cross Hospital. The raw material includes Ephedra sinica Stapf, Morus alba L., Bombyx Batryticatus, Gypsum Fibrosum, Prunus armeniaca L. var. ansu Maxim., Houttuynia cordata Thunb. , Pueraria edulis Pamp. Paeonia L., Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi and Anemarrhena asphodeloides Bge. It is effective in clinical adjuvant treatment of patients with pulmonary diseases. AIM OF THE STUDY To explore the efficacy and underlying mechanism of Qingfei Xieding (QF) in the treatment of bleomycin-induced mouse model. MATERIALS AND METHODS TGF-β induced fibrotic phenotype in vitro. Bleomycin injection induced lung tissue fibrosis mouse model in vivo. Flow cytometry was used to detect apoptosis, cellular ROS and lipid oxidation. Mitochondria substructure was observed by transmission electron microscopy. Autophagolysosome and nuclear entry of P65 were monitored by immunofluorescence. Quantitative real-time PCR was performed to detect the transcription of genes associated with mtDNA-cGAS-STING pathway and subsequent inflammatory signaling activation. RESULTS TGF-β induced the expression of α-SMA and Collagen I, inhibited cell viability in lung epithelial MLE-12 cells that was reversed by QF-containing serum. TGF-β-mediated downregulation in autophagy, upregulation in lipid oxidation and ROS contents, and mitochondrial damage were rescued by QF-containing serum treatment, but CQ exposure, an autophagy inhibitor, prevented the protective role of QF. In addition to that, the decreased autophagolysosome in TGF-β-exposed MLE-12 cells was reversed by QF and restored to low level in the combination treatment of QF and CQ. Mechanistically, QF-containing serum treatment significantly inhibited mtDNA-cGAS-STING pathway and subsequent inflammatory signaling in TGF-β-challenged cells, which were abolished by CQ-mediated autophagy inhibition. In bleomycin-induced mouse model, QF ameliorated pulmonary fibrosis, reduced mortality, re-activated autophagy in lung tissues and restrained mtDNA-cGAS-STING inflammation pathway. However, the protective effects of QF in bleomycin-induced model mice were also abrogated by CQ. CONCLUSION QF alleviated bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis by activating autophagy, inhibiting mtDNA-cGAS-STING pathway-mediated inflammation. This research recognizes the protection role of QF on bleomycin-induced mouse model, and offers evidence for the potentiality of QF in clinical application for pulmonary fibrosis treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunguang Wang
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, Zhejiang, PR China.
| | - Xinxin He
- School of Clinical Medicine, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, PR China.
| | - Huijie Wang
- Department of Tuberculosis, Zhejiang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, PR China.
| | - Wei Hu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, PR China.
| | - Lifang Sun
- Department of Tuberculosis, Zhejiang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, PR China; Department of Tuberculosis, Hangzhou Red Cross Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, PR China.
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10
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Ma Y, Liu Z, Deng L, Du J, Fan Z, Ma T, Xiong J, Xiuyun X, Gu N, Di Z, Zhang Y. FGF21 attenuates neuroinflammation following subarachnoid hemorrhage through promoting mitophagy and inhibiting the cGAS-STING pathway. J Transl Med 2024; 22:436. [PMID: 38720350 PMCID: PMC11077765 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-024-05239-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) represents a form of cerebrovascular event characterized by a notable mortality and morbidity rate. Fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21), a versatile hormone predominantly synthesized by the hepatic tissue, has emerged as a promising neuroprotective agent. Nevertheless, the precise impacts and underlying mechanisms of FGF21 in the context of SAH remain enigmatic. METHODS To elucidate the role of FGF21 in inhibiting the microglial cGAS-STING pathway and providing protection against SAH-induced cerebral injury, a series of cellular and molecular techniques, including western blot analysis, real-time polymerase chain reaction, immunohistochemistry, RNA sequencing, and behavioral assays, were employed. RESULTS Administration of recombinant fibroblast growth factor 21 (rFGF21) effectively mitigated neural apoptosis, improved cerebral edema, and attenuated neurological impairments post-SAH. Transcriptomic analysis revealed that SAH triggered the upregulation of numerous genes linked to innate immunity, particularly those involved in the type I interferon (IFN-I) pathway and microglial function, which were notably suppressed upon adjunctive rFGF21 treatment. Mechanistically, rFGF21 intervention facilitated mitophagy in an AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK)-dependent manner, thereby preventing mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) release into the cytoplasm and dampening the activation of the DNA-sensing cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS)-stimulator of interferon genes (STING) signaling pathway. Conditional knockout of STING in microglia markedly ameliorated the inflammatory response and mitigated secondary brain injuries post-SAH. CONCLUSION Our results present the initial evidence that FGF21 confers a protective effect against neuroinflammation-associated brain damage subsequent to SAH. Mechanistically, we have elucidated a novel pathway by which FGF21 exerts this neuroprotection through inhibition of the cGAS-STING signaling cascade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Ma
- Department of Neurology, The affiliated Xi'an Central Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University College of Medicine, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zhiqin Liu
- Department of Neurology, The affiliated Xi'an Central Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University College of Medicine, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, China
| | - Lele Deng
- Department of Scientific Research Section, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, 710038, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jingjing Du
- Department of Neurology, The affiliated Xi'an Central Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University College of Medicine, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zenghui Fan
- Department of Scientific Research Section, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, 710038, Shaanxi, China
| | - Tian Ma
- Department of Scientific Research Section, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, 710038, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jing Xiong
- Department of Neurology, The affiliated Xi'an Central Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University College of Medicine, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xue Xiuyun
- Department of Neurology, The affiliated Xi'an Central Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University College of Medicine, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, China
| | - Naibing Gu
- Department of Neurology, The affiliated Xi'an Central Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University College of Medicine, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zhengli Di
- Department of Neurology, The affiliated Xi'an Central Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University College of Medicine, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, 710038, Shaanxi, China.
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11
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Li L, Liu F, Feng C, Chen Z, Zhang N, Mao J. Role of mitochondrial dysfunction in kidney disease: Insights from the cGAS-STING signaling pathway. Chin Med J (Engl) 2024; 137:1044-1053. [PMID: 38445370 PMCID: PMC11062705 DOI: 10.1097/cm9.0000000000003022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT Over the past decade, mitochondrial dysfunction has been investigated as a key contributor to acute and chronic kidney disease. However, the precise molecular mechanisms linking mitochondrial damage to kidney disease remain elusive. The recent insights into the cyclic guanosine monophosphate-adenosine monophosphate (GMP-AMP) synthetase (cGAS)-stimulator of interferon gene (STING) signaling pathway have revealed its involvement in many renal diseases. One of these findings is that mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) induces inflammatory responses via the cGAS-STING pathway. Herein, we provide an overview of the mechanisms underlying mtDNA release following mitochondrial damage, focusing specifically on the association between mtDNA release-activated cGAS-STING signaling and the development of kidney diseases. Furthermore, we summarize the latest findings of cGAS-STING signaling pathway in cell, with a particular emphasis on its downstream signaling related to kidney diseases. This review intends to enhance our understanding of the intricate relationship among the cGAS-STING pathway, kidney diseases, and mitochondrial dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Li
- Department of Nephrology, Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310052, China
| | - Fei Liu
- Department of Nephrology, Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310052, China
| | - Chunyue Feng
- Department of Nephrology, Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310052, China
| | - Zhenjie Chen
- Department of Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310052, China
| | - Nan Zhang
- Department of Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310052, China
| | - Jianhua Mao
- Department of Nephrology, Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310052, China
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12
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Zhao W, Hussen AS, Freudenthal BD, Suo Z, Zhao L. Mitochondrial transcription factor A (TFAM) has 5'-deoxyribose phosphate lyase activity in vitro. DNA Repair (Amst) 2024; 137:103666. [PMID: 38492429 PMCID: PMC11056281 DOI: 10.1016/j.dnarep.2024.103666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024]
Abstract
Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) plays a key role in mitochondrial and cellular functions. mtDNA is maintained by active DNA turnover and base excision repair (BER). In BER, one of the toxic repair intermediates is 5'-deoxyribose phosphate (5'dRp). Human mitochondrial DNA polymerase γ has weak dRp lyase activities, and another known dRp lyase in the nucleus, human DNA polymerase β, can also localize to mitochondria in certain cell and tissue types. Nonetheless, whether additional proteins have the ability to remove 5'dRp in mitochondria remains unknown. Our prior work on the AP lyase activity of mitochondrial transcription factor A (TFAM) has prompted us to examine its ability to remove 5'dRp residues in vitro. TFAM is the primary DNA-packaging factor in human mitochondria and interacts with mitochondrial DNA extensively. Our data demonstrate that TFAM has the dRp lyase activity with different DNA substrates. Under single-turnover conditions, TFAM removes 5'dRp residues at a rate comparable to that of DNA polymerase (pol) β, albeit slower than that of pol λ. Among the three proteins examined, pol λ shows the highest single-turnover rates in dRp lyase reactions. The catalytic effect of TFAM is facilitated by lysine residues of TFAM via Schiff base chemistry, as evidenced by the observation of dRp-lysine adducts in mass spectrometry experiments. The catalytic effect of TFAM observed here is analogous to the AP lyase activity of TFAM reported previously. Together, these results suggest a potential role of TFAM in preventing the accumulation of toxic DNA repair intermediates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenxin Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521, United States
| | - Adil S Hussen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, United States
| | - Bret D Freudenthal
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, United States; Department of Cancer Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, United States; University of Kansas Cancer Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, United States
| | - Zucai Suo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306, United States
| | - Linlin Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521, United States; Environmental Toxicology Graduate Program, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521, United States.
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13
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Tan DX. Mitochondrial dysfunction, a weakest link of network of aging, relation to innate intramitochondrial immunity of DNA recognition receptors. Mitochondrion 2024; 76:101886. [PMID: 38663836 DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2024.101886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2024] [Revised: 04/21/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/30/2024]
Abstract
Aging probably is the most complexed process in biology. It is manifested by a variety of hallmarks. These hallmarks weave a network of aging; however, each hallmark is not uniformly strong for the network. It is the weakest link determining the strengthening of the network of aging, or the maximum lifespan of an organism. Therefore, only improvement of the weakest link has the chance to increase the maximum lifespan but not others. We hypothesize that mitochondrial dysfunction is the weakest link of the network of aging. It may origin from the innate intramitochondrial immunity related to the activities of pathogen DNA recognition receptors. These receptors recognize mtDNA as the PAMP or DAMP to initiate the immune or inflammatory reactions. Evidence has shown that several of these receptors including TLR9, cGAS and IFI16 can be translocated into mitochondria. The potentially intramitochondrial presented pathogen DNA recognition receptors have the capacity to attack the exposed second structures of the mtDNA during its transcriptional or especially the replicational processes, leading to the mtDNA mutation, deletion, heteroplasmy colonization, mitochondrial dysfunction, and alterations of other hallmarks, as well as aging. Pre-consumption of the intramitochondrial presented pathogen DNA recognition receptors by medical interventions including development of mitochondrial targeted small molecule which can neutralize these receptors may retard or even reverse the aging to significantly improve the maximum lifespan of the organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dun-Xian Tan
- Department of Cell Systems and Anatomy, UT Health San Antonio, 7703 Floyd Curl Drive, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA.
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14
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Lai K, Wang J, Lin S, Chen Z, Lin G, Ye K, Yuan Y, Lin Y, Zhong CQ, Wu J, Ma H, Xu Y. Sensing of mitochondrial DNA by ZBP1 promotes RIPK3-mediated necroptosis and ferroptosis in response to diquat poisoning. Cell Death Differ 2024; 31:635-650. [PMID: 38493248 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-024-01279-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Diquat (DQ) poisoning is a severe medical condition associated with life-threatening implications and multiorgan dysfunction. Despite its clinical significance, the precise underlying mechanism remains inadequately understood. This study elucidates that DQ induces instability in the mitochondrial genome of endothelial cells, resulting in the accumulation of Z-form DNA. This process activates Z-DNA binding protein 1 (ZBP1), which then interacts with receptor-interacting protein kinase 3 (RIPK3), ultimately leading to RIPK3-dependent necroptotic and ferroptotic signaling cascades. Specific deletion of either Zbp1 or Ripk3 in endothelial cells simultaneously inhibits both necroptosis and ferroptosis. This dual inhibition significantly reduces organ damage and lowers mortality rate. Notably, our investigation reveals that RIPK3 has a dual role. It not only phosphorylates MLKL to induce necroptosis but also phosphorylates FSP1 to inhibit its enzymatic activity, promoting ferroptosis. The study further shows that deletion of mixed lineage kinase domain-like (Mlkl) and the augmentation of ferroptosis suppressor protein 1 (FSP1)-dependent non-canonical vitamin K cycling can provide partial protection against DQ-induced organ damage. Combining Mlkl deletion with vitamin K treatment demonstrates a heightened efficacy in ameliorating multiorgan damage and lethality induced by DQ. Taken together, this study identifies ZBP1 as a crucial sensor for DQ-induced mitochondrial Z-form DNA, initiating RIPK3-dependent necroptosis and ferroptosis. These findings suggest that targeting the ZBP1/RIPK3-dependent necroptotic and ferroptotic pathways could be a promising approach for drug interventions aimed at mitigating the adverse consequences of DQ poisoning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunmei Lai
- Department of Nephrology, Blood Purification Research Center, the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350005, China
- Research Center for Metabolic Chronic Kidney Disease, the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350005, China
- Department of Nephrology, National Regional Medical Center, Binhai Campus of the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350212, China
- Central Laboratory, the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350005, China
| | - Junjie Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Blood Purification Research Center, the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350005, China
- Research Center for Metabolic Chronic Kidney Disease, the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350005, China
- Department of Nephrology, National Regional Medical Center, Binhai Campus of the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350212, China
| | - Siyi Lin
- Department of Nephrology, Blood Purification Research Center, the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350005, China
- Research Center for Metabolic Chronic Kidney Disease, the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350005, China
- Department of Nephrology, National Regional Medical Center, Binhai Campus of the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350212, China
| | - Zhimin Chen
- Department of Nephrology, Blood Purification Research Center, the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350005, China
- Research Center for Metabolic Chronic Kidney Disease, the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350005, China
- Department of Nephrology, National Regional Medical Center, Binhai Campus of the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350212, China
| | - Guo Lin
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350005, China
| | - Keng Ye
- Department of Nephrology, Blood Purification Research Center, the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350005, China
- Research Center for Metabolic Chronic Kidney Disease, the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350005, China
- Department of Nephrology, National Regional Medical Center, Binhai Campus of the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350212, China
| | - Ying Yuan
- Department of Nephrology, Blood Purification Research Center, the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350005, China
- Research Center for Metabolic Chronic Kidney Disease, the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350005, China
- Department of Nephrology, National Regional Medical Center, Binhai Campus of the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350212, China
| | - Yujiao Lin
- Department of Nephrology, Blood Purification Research Center, the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350005, China
- Research Center for Metabolic Chronic Kidney Disease, the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350005, China
- Department of Nephrology, National Regional Medical Center, Binhai Campus of the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350212, China
| | - Chuan-Qi Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361102, China
| | - Jianfeng Wu
- Laboratory Animal Research Center, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361102, China.
| | - Huabin Ma
- Central Laboratory, the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350005, China.
| | - Yanfang Xu
- Department of Nephrology, Blood Purification Research Center, the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350005, China.
- Research Center for Metabolic Chronic Kidney Disease, the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350005, China.
- Department of Nephrology, National Regional Medical Center, Binhai Campus of the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350212, China.
- Central Laboratory, the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350005, China.
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15
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Lin YH, Lin KL, Wang XW, Lee JJ, Wang FS, Wang PW, Lan MY, Liou CW, Lin TK. Miro1 improves the exogenous engraftment efficiency and therapeutic potential of mitochondria transfer using Wharton's jelly mesenchymal stem cells. Mitochondrion 2024; 76:101856. [PMID: 38408618 DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2024.101856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
Mitochondria are important for maintaining cellular energy metabolism and regulating cellular senescence. Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) encodes subunits of the OXPHOS complexes which are essential for cellular respiration and energy production. Meanwhile, mtDNA variants have been associated with the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases, including MELAS, for which no effective treatment has been developed. To alleviate the pathological conditions involved in mitochondrial disorders, mitochondria transfer therapy has shown promise. Wharton's jelly mesenchymal stem cells (WJMSCs) have been identified as suitable mitochondria donors for mitochondria-defective cells, wherein mitochondrial functions can be rescued. Miro1 participates in mitochondria trafficking by anchoring mitochondria to microtubules. In this study, we identified Miro1 over-expression as a factor that could help to enhance the efficiency of mitochondrial delivery. More specifically, we reveal that Miro1 over-expressed WJMSCs significantly improved intercellular communications, cell proliferation rates, and mitochondrial membrane potential, while restoring mitochondrial bioenergetics in mitochondria-defective fibroblasts. Furthermore, Miro1 over-expressed WJMSCs decreased rates of induced apoptosis and ROS production in MELAS fibroblasts; although, Miro1 over-expression did not rescue mtDNA mutation ratios nor mitochondrial biogenesis. This study presents a potentially novel therapeutic strategy for treating mitochondrial encephalomyopathy, lactic acidosis and stroke-like episodes (MELAS), and other diseases associated with dysfunctional mitochondria, while the pathophysiological relevance of our results should be further verified by animal models and clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Han Lin
- Center for Mitochondrial Research and Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 833401, Taiwan.
| | - Kai-Lieh Lin
- Center for Mitochondrial Research and Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 833401, Taiwan; Department of Anesthesiology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 833401, Taiwan.
| | - Xiao-Wen Wang
- Center for Mitochondrial Research and Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 833401, Taiwan.
| | - Jong-Jer Lee
- Center for Mitochondrial Research and Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 833401, Taiwan; Department of Ophthalmology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 833401, Taiwan.
| | - Feng-Sheng Wang
- Center for Mitochondrial Research and Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 833401, Taiwan; School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 833401, Taiwan; Core Laboratory for Phenomics and Diagnostics, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 833401, Taiwan.
| | - Pei-Wen Wang
- Center for Mitochondrial Research and Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 833401, Taiwan; Department of Metabolism, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 833401, Taiwan.
| | - Min-Yu Lan
- Center for Mitochondrial Research and Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 833401, Taiwan; Department of Neurology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 833401, Taiwan; Center of Parkinson's Disease, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 833401, Taiwan.
| | - Chia-Wei Liou
- Center for Mitochondrial Research and Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 833401, Taiwan; School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Department of Neurology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 833401, Taiwan.
| | - Tsu-Kung Lin
- Center for Mitochondrial Research and Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 833401, Taiwan; School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Department of Neurology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 833401, Taiwan.
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16
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Miao Z, Wang W, Miao Z, Cao Q, Xu S. Role of Selenoprotein W in participating in the progression of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Redox Biol 2024; 71:103114. [PMID: 38460355 PMCID: PMC10943047 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2024.103114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Revised: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a chronic liver disease worldwide. Numerous evidence has demonstrated that metabolic reprogramming serves as a hallmark associated with an elevated risk of NAFLD progression. Selenoprotein W (SelW) is an extensively expressed hepatic selenoprotein that plays a crucial role in antioxidant function. Here, we first demonstrated that SelW is a significantly distinct factor in the liver tissue of NAFLD patients through the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Additionally, loss of SelW alleviated hepatic steatosis induced by a high-fat diet (HFD), and was accompanied by the regulation of metabolic and inflammatory pathways as verified by transcriptomic analysis. Moreover, co-immunoprecipitation (CO-IP), liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS), laser scanning confocal microscopy (LSCM) and molecular docking analysis were subsequently implemented to identify Pyruvate Kinase M2 (PKM2) as a potential interacting protein of SelW. Meanwhile, SelW modulated PKM2 translocation into the nucleus to trigger transactivation of the HIF-1α, in further mediating mitochondrial apoptosis, eventually resulting in mitochondrial damage, ROS excessive production and mtDNA leakage. Additionally, mito-ROS accumulation induced the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated pyroptosis, thereby facilitating extracellular leakage of mtDNA. The escaped mtDNA then evokes the cGAS-STING signaling pathway in macrophage, thus inducing a shift in macrophage phenotype. Together, our results suggest SelW promotes hepatocyte apoptosis and pyroptosis by regulating metabolic reprogramming to activate cGAS/STING signaling of macrophages, thereby exacerbating the progression of NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiruo Miao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology & College of Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, 310000, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiying Miao
- College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiyuan Cao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China
| | - Shiwen Xu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of the Provincial Education Department of Heilongjiang for Common Animal Disease Prevention and Treatment, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China.
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17
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Chen J, Xu WY, Gu Y, Tang YX, Xu XW, Li XN, Li JL. Inhibition of mtDNA-PRRs pathway-mediated sterile inflammation by astragalus polysaccharide protects against transport stress-induced cardiac injury in chicks. Poult Sci 2024; 103:103638. [PMID: 38579575 PMCID: PMC11001779 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2024.103638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Revised: 03/03/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Transport stress (TS) not only weakens poultry performance but also affects animal welfare. Additionally, TS can evoke cardiac damage by triggering sterile inflammation in chicks, but the underlying mechanism is not fully understood. Here, we aimed to elucidate how TS induces sterile inflammation and heart injury and to clarify the antagonism effect of astragalus polysaccharides (APS). We randomly divided 60 chicks (one-day-old female) into 5 groups (n = 12): Control_0h (Con_0h) group (chicks were slaughtered at initiation), Control group (stress-free control), TS group (simulated TS exposure for 8 h), TS plus water (TS+W) group, and TS plus APS (TS+APS) group. Before simulation transport, the chicks of TS+W and TS+APS groups were, respectively, dietary with 100 μL of water or APS (250 μg/mL). H&E staining was employed for cardiac histopathological observation. ELISA assay was used to measure oxidative stress marker levels (GSH, GPX, GST, and MDA). A commercial kit was used to isolate the mitochondrial portion, and qRT-PCR was employed to measure the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) levels. Furthermore, we evaluated the activity of mtDNA-mediated NF-κB, NLRP3 inflammasome, and cGAS-STING inflammatory pathways and the expression of downstream inflammatory factors by Western Blotting or qRT-PCR. Our findings revealed that APS notably relieved TS-induced myocardial histopathological lesions and infiltrations. Likewise, the decrease in proinflammatory factors (TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6) and IFN-β by APS further supported this result. Meanwhile, TS caused severe oxidative stress in the chick heart, as evidenced by decreased antioxidant enzymes and increased MDA. Importantly, APS prevented mtDNA stress and leakage by reducing oxidative stress. Interestingly, TS-induced mtDNA leakage caused a series of inflammation events via mtDNA-PRRs pathways, including TLR21-NF-κB, NLRP3 inflammasome, and cGAS-STING signaling. Encouragingly, all these adverse changes related to inflammation events induced by mtDNA-PRRs activation were all relieved by APS treatment. In summary, our findings provide the first evidence that inhibition of mtDNA-PRRs pathway-mediated sterile inflammation by APS could protect against TS-induced cardiac damage in chicks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Chen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, P.R. China
| | - Wang-Ye Xu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, P.R. China
| | - Yuan Gu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, P.R. China
| | - Yi-Xi Tang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, P.R. China
| | - Xiang-Wen Xu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, P.R. China
| | - Xue-Nan Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, P.R. China; Key Laboratory of the Provincial Education Department of Heilongjiang for Common Animal Disease Prevention and Treatment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, P.R. China; Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Laboratory Animals and Comparative Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, P.R. China.
| | - Jin-Long Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, P.R. China; Key Laboratory of the Provincial Education Department of Heilongjiang for Common Animal Disease Prevention and Treatment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, P.R. China; Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Laboratory Animals and Comparative Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, P.R. China
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18
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Paluch KV, Platz KR, Rudisel EJ, Erdmann RR, Laurin TR, Dittenhafer-Reed KE. The role of lysine acetylation in the function of mitochondrial ribosomal protein L12. Proteins 2024; 92:583-592. [PMID: 38146092 DOI: 10.1002/prot.26654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/27/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondria play a central role in energy production and cellular metabolism. Mitochondria contain their own small genome (mitochondrial DNA, mtDNA) that carries the genetic instructions for proteins required for ATP synthesis. The mitochondrial proteome, including the mitochondrial transcriptional machinery, is subject to post-translational modifications (PTMs), including acetylation and phosphorylation. We set out to determine whether PTMs of proteins associated with mtDNA may provide a potential mechanism for the regulation of mitochondrial gene expression. Here, we focus on mitochondrial ribosomal protein L12 (MRPL12), which is thought to stabilize mitochondrial RNA polymerase (POLRMT) and promote transcription. Numerous acetylation sites of MRPL12 were identified by mass spectrometry. We employed amino acid mimics of the acetylated (lysine to glutamine mutants) and deacetylated (lysine to arginine mutants) versions of MRPL12 to interrogate the role of lysine acetylation in transcription initiation in vitro and mitochondrial gene expression in HeLa cells. MRPL12 acetyl and deacetyl protein mimics were purified and assessed for their ability to impact mtDNA promoter binding of POLRMT. We analyzed mtDNA content and mitochondrial transcript levels in HeLa cells upon overexpression of acetyl and deacetyl mimics of MRPL12. Our results suggest that MRPL12 single-site acetyl mimics do not change the mtDNA promoter binding ability of POLRMT or mtDNA content in HeLa cells. Individual acetyl mimics may have modest effects on mitochondrial transcript levels. We found that the mitochondrial deacetylase, Sirtuin 3, is capable of deacetylating MRPL12 in vitro, suggesting a potential role for dynamic acetylation controlling MRPL12 function in a role outside of the regulation of gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katelynn V Paluch
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Hope College, Holland, Michigan, USA
| | - Karlie R Platz
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Hope College, Holland, Michigan, USA
| | - Emma J Rudisel
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Hope College, Holland, Michigan, USA
| | - Ryan R Erdmann
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Hope College, Holland, Michigan, USA
| | - Taylor R Laurin
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Hope College, Holland, Michigan, USA
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Chen A, Yangzom T, Hong Y, Lundberg BC, Sullivan GJ, Tzoulis C, Bindoff LA, Liang KX. Hallmark Molecular and Pathological Features of POLG Disease are Recapitulated in Cerebral Organoids. Adv Sci (Weinh) 2024; 11:e2307136. [PMID: 38445970 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202307136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 11/26/2023] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
In this research, a 3D brain organoid model is developed to study POLG-related encephalopathy, a mitochondrial disease stemming from POLG mutations. Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) derived from patients with these mutations is utilized to generate cortical organoids, which exhibited typical features of the diseases with POLG mutations, such as altered morphology, neuronal loss, and mitochondiral DNA (mtDNA) depletion. Significant dysregulation is also identified in pathways crucial for neuronal development and function, alongside upregulated NOTCH and JAK-STAT signaling pathways. Metformin treatment ameliorated many of these abnormalities, except for the persistent affliction of inhibitory dopamine-glutamate (DA GLU) neurons. This novel model effectively mirrors both the molecular and pathological attributes of diseases with POLG mutations, providing a valuable tool for mechanistic understanding and therapeutic screening for POLG-related disorders and other conditions characterized by compromised neuronal mtDNA maintenance and complex I deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anbin Chen
- Department of Clinical Medicine (K1), University of Bergen, Bergen, 5021, Norway
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 20092, China
| | - Tsering Yangzom
- Department of Clinical Medicine (K1), University of Bergen, Bergen, 5021, Norway
- Centre for International Health, University of Bergen, Bergen, 5020, Norway
| | - Yu Hong
- Department of Clinical Medicine (K1), University of Bergen, Bergen, 5021, Norway
| | - Bjørn Christian Lundberg
- Department of Clinical Medicine (K1), University of Bergen, Bergen, 5021, Norway
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, 5009, Norway
| | | | - Charalampos Tzoulis
- Department of Clinical Medicine (K1), University of Bergen, Bergen, 5021, Norway
- Neuro-SysMed, Center of Excellence for Clinical Research in Neurological Diseases, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, 5021, Norway
| | - Laurence A Bindoff
- Department of Clinical Medicine (K1), University of Bergen, Bergen, 5021, Norway
| | - Kristina Xiao Liang
- Department of Clinical Medicine (K1), University of Bergen, Bergen, 5021, Norway
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20
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Luo X, Zhao Y, Luo Y, Lai J, Ji J, Huang J, Chen Y, Liu Z, Liu J. Cytosolic mtDNA-cGAS-STING axis contributes to sepsis-induced acute kidney injury via activating the NLRP3 inflammasome. Clin Exp Nephrol 2024; 28:375-390. [PMID: 38238499 DOI: 10.1007/s10157-023-02448-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND NLRP3 inflammasome activation is significantly associated with sepsis-induced acute kidney injury (S-AKI). Cytosolic DNA derived from damaged mitochondria has been reported to activate NLRP3 inflammasome via upregulating the cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS)-the stimulator of interferon genes (STING) axis in nucleus pulposus cell and cardiomyocytes. However, the regulatory effect of mitochondria DNA (mtDNA)-cGAS-STING axis on the NLRP3 inflammasome in S-AKI remains unclear. METHODS In the current study, we established an in vivo model of S-AKI by intraperitoneally injecting male C57BL/6 J mice with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Next, selective cGAS inhibitor RU.521, and STING agonist DMXAA were intraperitoneally injected in the mice; then, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), serum creatinine (CRE), urinary kidney injury molecular-1 (KIM-1), pathological changes, and infiltrated neutrophils were detected to assess kidney injury. We also performed western blot and immunofluorescence assays to evaluate STING, cGAS, TBK-1, p-TBK-1, IRF3, p-IRF3, NF-kB, p-NF-kB, NLRP3, cleaved caspase-1, caspase-1, GSDMD-N, and GSDMD expression levels in kidney tissues. IL-18 and IL-1β in renal tissue were identified by ELISA. In vitro, we treated HK-2 cells with LPS to establish a cell model of S-AKI. Furthermore, ethidium bromide (EtBr) was administered to deplete mitochondria DNA (mtDNA). LPS-induced cytotoxicity was evaluated by LDH release assay. Protein expression of cGAS, STING, and NLRP3 in was quantified by western blot. Cytosolic mtDNA was detected by immunofluorescence and q-PCR. Released IL-1β and IL-18 in HK-2 supernatants were detected by ELISA. RESULTS LPS injection induced S-AKI in mice, as evidenced by neutrophil infiltration, tubular vacuolation, and increased levels of serum creatinine (CRE), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), and urinary KIM-1. In addition, LPS activated the cGAS-STING axis and NLRP3 inflammasome in vivo, illustrated by increased phosphorylation levels of TBK-1, IRF3, and NF-kB protein, increased ratio of cleaved caspase-1 to caspase-1 and GSDMD-N to GSDMD, and increased IL-1β and IL-18 levels. Moreover, the cGAS inhibitor RU.521 effectively attenuated NLRP3 inflammasome and S-AKI; however, these effects were abolished by treatment with the STING agonist DMXAA. Furthermore, cytosolic release of mtDNA and activation of the cGAS-STING-NLRP3 axis were observed in LPS-treated HK-2 cells. Inhibiting mtDNA replication by Ethidium Bromide (EtBr) treatment reduced cytosolic mtDNA accumulation and downregulated the cGAS-STING-NLRP3 axis, ameliorating the cytotoxicity induced by LPS. CONCLUSION This study demonstrated that the cGAS-STING axis was triggered by cytosolic mtDNA and participated in the development of S-AKI by activating NLRP3 inflammasome. Reducing cytosolic mtDNA accumulation or inhibiting the cGAS-STING axis may be potential therapeutic targets for S-AKI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Luo
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, 6 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Yang Zhao
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, 6 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, No.1 Maoyuan South Road, Nanchong, 637000, Sichuan, China
| | - Yunpeng Luo
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, 6 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
- Department of Anesthesiology, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, 550002, Guizhou, China
| | - Jian Lai
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, 6 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Jiemei Ji
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, 6 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Jiao Huang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, 6 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Yuanyuan Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, 6 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Ziru Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, 6 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Jingchen Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, 6 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China.
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Haeri K, Samiee S, Beigi P, Hajati S, Deyhim MR. A tight interplay between platelet activation and mitochondrial DNA release promotes platelet storage lesion in platelet concentrates. Vox Sang 2024; 119:439-446. [PMID: 38385820 DOI: 10.1111/vox.13600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 01/21/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Platelet storage lesion (PSL) adversely affects the quality of platelet concentrates (PCs). Platelets are prone to activation during storage. Moreover, elevated free mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) levels in PCs are associated with a higher risk of adverse transfusion reactions. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate the correlation between platelet activation markers and mtDNA release during PC storage. MATERIALS AND METHODS Six PCs prepared by the platelet-rich plasma method were assessed for free mtDNA copy number using quantitative real-time PCR and CD62P (P-selectin) expression by flow cytometry on days 0 (PC collection day), 3, 5 and 7 of storage. Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity, pH, platelet count, mean platelet volume (MPV) and platelet distribution width (PDW) were measured as well. The correlation between free mtDNA and other PSL parameters, and the correlation between all parameters, was determined. RESULTS Significant increases in free mtDNA, MPV and PDW, and a significant decrease in platelet count and pH were observed. CD62P expression and LDH activity elevated significantly, particularly on storage days 5-7 and 0-3, respectively. Moreover, a moderate positive correlation (r = 0.61) was observed between free mtDNA and CD62P expression. The r values between free mtDNA and LDH, pH, platelet count, MPV and PDW were 0.81, -0.72, -0.49, 0.81 and 0.77, respectively. CONCLUSION The interplay between platelet activation and mtDNA release in promoting PSL in PCs may serve as a promising target for future research on applying additive solutions and evaluating the quality of PCs to improve transfusion and clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamand Haeri
- Blood Transfusion Research Center, High Institute for Research and Education in Transfusion Medicine, Tehran, Iran
- Diabetes Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Mazandaran, Iran
| | - Shahram Samiee
- Blood Transfusion Research Center, High Institute for Research and Education in Transfusion Medicine, Tehran, Iran
| | - Peyman Beigi
- Diabetes Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Mazandaran, Iran
| | - Smerdis Hajati
- Blood Transfusion Research Center, High Institute for Research and Education in Transfusion Medicine, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Deyhim
- Blood Transfusion Research Center, High Institute for Research and Education in Transfusion Medicine, Tehran, Iran
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22
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Guan B, Liu Y, Xie B, Zhao S, Yalikun A, Chen W, Zhou M, Gu Q, Yan D. Mitochondrial genome transfer drives metabolic reprogramming in adjacent colonic epithelial cells promoting TGFβ1-mediated tumor progression. Nat Commun 2024; 15:3653. [PMID: 38688896 PMCID: PMC11061154 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-48100-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Although nontumor components play an essential role in colon cancer (CC) progression, the intercellular communication between CC cells and adjacent colonic epithelial cells (CECs) remains poorly understood. Here, we show that intact mitochondrial genome (mitochondrial DNA, mtDNA) is enriched in serum extracellular vesicles (EVs) from CC patients and positively correlated with tumor stage. Intriguingly, circular mtDNA transferred via tumor cell-derived EVs (EV-mtDNA) enhances mitochondrial respiration and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in CECs. Moreover, the EV-mtDNA increases TGFβ1 expression in CECs, which in turn promotes tumor progression. Mechanistically, the intercellular mtDNA transfer activates the mitochondrial respiratory chain to induce the ROS-driven RelA nuclear translocation in CECs, thereby transcriptionally regulating TGFβ1 expression and promoting tumor progression via the TGFβ/Smad pathway. Hence, this study highlights EV-mtDNA as a major driver of paracrine metabolic crosstalk between CC cells and adjacent CECs, possibly identifying it as a potential biomarker and therapeutic target for CC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingjie Guan
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Youdong Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Bowen Xie
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Senlin Zhao
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Abudushalamu Yalikun
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Weiwei Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Menghua Zhou
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qi Gu
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Dongwang Yan
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
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Feng X, Li C, Zhang H, Zhang P, Shahzad M, Du W, Zhao X. Heat-Stress Impacts on Developing Bovine Oocytes: Unraveling Epigenetic Changes, Oxidative Stress, and Developmental Resilience. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4808. [PMID: 38732033 PMCID: PMC11084174 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25094808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2024] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Extreme temperature during summer may lead to heat stress in cattle and compromise their productivity. It also poses detrimental impacts on the developmental capacity of bovine budding oocytes, which halt their fertility. To mitigate the adverse effects of heat stress, it is necessary to investigate the mechanisms through which it affects the developmental capacity of oocytes. The primary goal of this study was to investigate the impact of heat stress on the epigenetic modifications in bovine oocytes and embryos, as well as on oocyte developmental capacity, reactive oxygen species, mitochondrial membrane potential, apoptosis, transzonal projections, and gene expression levels. Our results showed that heat stress significantly reduced the expression levels of the epigenetic modifications from histone H1, histone H2A, histone H2B, histone H4, DNA methylation, and DNA hydroxymethylation at all stages of the oocyte and embryo. Similarly, heat stress significantly reduced cleavage rate, blastocyst rate, oocyte mitochondrial-membrane potential level, adenosine-triphosphate (ATP) level, mitochondrial DNA copy number, and transzonal projection level. It was also found that heat stress affected mitochondrial distribution in oocytes and significantly increased reactive oxygen species, apoptosis levels and mitochondrial autophagy levels. Our findings suggest that heat stress significantly impacts the expression levels of genes related to oocyte developmental ability, the cytoskeleton, mitochondrial function, and epigenetic modification, lowering their competence during the summer season.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyi Feng
- Institute of Animal Sciences (IAS), Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Beijing 100193, China; (X.F.); (C.L.); (H.Z.); (P.Z.); (M.S.); (W.D.)
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Qingdao Agricultural University (QAU), Qingdao 266000, China
| | - Chongyang Li
- Institute of Animal Sciences (IAS), Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Beijing 100193, China; (X.F.); (C.L.); (H.Z.); (P.Z.); (M.S.); (W.D.)
| | - Hang Zhang
- Institute of Animal Sciences (IAS), Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Beijing 100193, China; (X.F.); (C.L.); (H.Z.); (P.Z.); (M.S.); (W.D.)
| | - Peipei Zhang
- Institute of Animal Sciences (IAS), Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Beijing 100193, China; (X.F.); (C.L.); (H.Z.); (P.Z.); (M.S.); (W.D.)
| | - Muhammad Shahzad
- Institute of Animal Sciences (IAS), Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Beijing 100193, China; (X.F.); (C.L.); (H.Z.); (P.Z.); (M.S.); (W.D.)
| | - Weihua Du
- Institute of Animal Sciences (IAS), Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Beijing 100193, China; (X.F.); (C.L.); (H.Z.); (P.Z.); (M.S.); (W.D.)
| | - Xueming Zhao
- Institute of Animal Sciences (IAS), Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Beijing 100193, China; (X.F.); (C.L.); (H.Z.); (P.Z.); (M.S.); (W.D.)
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24
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Peng Y, Yang Y, Li Y, Shi T, Xu N, Liu R, Luan Y, Yao Y, Yin C. Mitochondrial (mt)DNA-cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS)-stimulator of interferon genes (STING) signaling promotes pyroptosis of macrophages via interferon regulatory factor (IRF)7/IRF3 activation to aggravate lung injury during severe acute pancreatitis. Cell Mol Biol Lett 2024; 29:61. [PMID: 38671352 PMCID: PMC11055249 DOI: 10.1186/s11658-024-00575-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Macrophage proinflammatory activation contributes to the pathology of severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) and, simultaneously, macrophage functional changes, and increased pyroptosis/necrosis can further exacerbate the cellular immune suppression during the process of SAP, where cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS)-stimulator of interferon genes (STING) plays an important role. However, the function and mechanism of cGAS-STING in SAP-induced lung injury (LI) remains unknown. METHODS Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was combined with caerulein-induced SAP in wild type, cGAS -/- and sting -/- mice. Primary macrophages were extracted via bronchoalveolar lavage and peritoneal lavage. Ana-1 cells were pretreated with LPS and stimulated with nigericin sodium salt to induce pyroptosis in vitro. RESULTS SAP triggered NOD-, LRR-, and pyrin domain-containing protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome activation-mediated pyroptosis of alveolar and peritoneal macrophages in mouse model. Knockout of cGAS/STING could ameliorate NLRP3 activation and macrophage pyroptosis. In addition, mitochondrial (mt)DNA released from damaged mitochondria further induced macrophage STING activation in a cGAS- and dose-dependent manner. Upregulated STING signal can promote NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated macrophage pyroptosis and increase serum interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1β, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α levels and, thus, exacerbate SAP-associated LI (SAP-ALI). Downstream molecules of STING, IRF7, and IRF3 connect the mtDNA-cGAS-STING axis and the NLRP3-pyroptosis axis. CONCLUSIONS Negative regulation of any molecule in the mtDNA-cGAS-STING-IRF7/IRF3 pathway can affect the activation of NLRP3 inflammasomes, thereby reducing macrophage pyroptosis and improving SAP-ALI in mouse model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiqiu Peng
- Department of Central Laboratory, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, No. 251 Yaojiayuan Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100026, China
| | - Yuxi Yang
- Department of Central Laboratory, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, No. 251 Yaojiayuan Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100026, China
| | - Yingying Li
- Department of Central Laboratory, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, No. 251 Yaojiayuan Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100026, China
| | - Tingjuan Shi
- Department of Central Laboratory, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, No. 251 Yaojiayuan Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100026, China
| | - Ning Xu
- Department of Central Laboratory, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, No. 251 Yaojiayuan Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100026, China
| | - Ruixia Liu
- Department of Central Laboratory, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, No. 251 Yaojiayuan Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100026, China
| | - Yingyi Luan
- Department of Central Laboratory, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, No. 251 Yaojiayuan Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100026, China.
| | - Yongming Yao
- Translational Medicine Research Center, Medical Innovation Research Division and Fourth Medical Center of the Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital, Beijing, 100048, China.
| | - Chenghong Yin
- Department of Central Laboratory, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, No. 251 Yaojiayuan Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100026, China.
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25
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King DE, Sparling AC, Joyce AS, Ryde IT, DeSouza B, Ferguson PL, Murphy SK, Meyer JN. Lack of detectable sex differences in the mitochondrial function of Caenorhabditis elegans. BMC Ecol Evol 2024; 24:55. [PMID: 38664688 PMCID: PMC11046947 DOI: 10.1186/s12862-024-02238-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sex differences in mitochondrial function have been reported in multiple tissue and cell types. Additionally, sex-variable responses to stressors including environmental pollutants and drugs that cause mitochondrial toxicity have been observed. The mechanisms that establish these differences are thought to include hormonal modulation, epigenetic regulation, double dosing of X-linked genes, and the maternal inheritance of mtDNA. Understanding the drivers of sex differences in mitochondrial function and being able to model them in vitro is important for identifying toxic compounds with sex-variable effects. Additionally, understanding how sex differences in mitochondrial function compare across species may permit insight into the drivers of these differences, which is important for basic biology research. This study explored whether Caenorhabditis elegans, a model organism commonly used to study stress biology and toxicology, exhibits sex differences in mitochondrial function and toxicant susceptibility. To assess sex differences in mitochondrial function, we utilized four male enriched populations (N2 wild-type male enriched, fog-2(q71), him-5(e1490), and him-8(e1498)). We performed whole worm respirometry and determined whole worm ATP levels and mtDNA copy number. To probe whether sex differences manifest only after stress and inform the growing use of C. elegans as a mitochondrial health and toxicologic model, we also assessed susceptibility to a classic mitochondrial toxicant, rotenone. RESULTS We detected few to no large differences in mitochondrial function between C. elegans sexes. Though we saw no sex differences in vulnerability to rotenone, we did observe sex differences in the uptake of this lipophilic compound, which may be of interest to those utilizing C. elegans as a model organism for toxicologic studies. Additionally, we observed altered non-mitochondrial respiration in two him strains, which may be of interest to other researchers utilizing these strains. CONCLUSIONS Basal mitochondrial parameters in male and hermaphrodite C. elegans are similar, at least at the whole-organism level, as is toxicity associated with a mitochondrial Complex I inhibitor, rotenone. Our data highlights the limitation of using C. elegans as a model to study sex-variable mitochondrial function and toxicological responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dillon E King
- Nicholas School of Environment, Duke University, 308 Research Drive, A304, Durham, NC, 27708, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - A Clare Sparling
- Nicholas School of Environment, Duke University, 308 Research Drive, A304, Durham, NC, 27708, USA
| | - Abigail S Joyce
- Pratt School of Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Ian T Ryde
- Nicholas School of Environment, Duke University, 308 Research Drive, A304, Durham, NC, 27708, USA
| | - Beverly DeSouza
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - P Lee Ferguson
- Pratt School of Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Susan K Murphy
- Nicholas School of Environment, Duke University, 308 Research Drive, A304, Durham, NC, 27708, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Joel N Meyer
- Nicholas School of Environment, Duke University, 308 Research Drive, A304, Durham, NC, 27708, USA.
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Boustani A, Kulbe JR, Andalibi MS, Pérez-Santiago J, Mehta SR, Ellis RJ, Fields JA. Mitochondrial DNA and Electron Transport Chain Protein Levels Are Altered in Peripheral Nerve Tissues from Donors with HIV Sensory Neuropathy: A Pilot Study. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4732. [PMID: 38731951 PMCID: PMC11083172 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25094732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Distal sensory polyneuropathy (DSP) and distal neuropathic pain (DNP) remain significant challenges for older people with HIV (PWH), necessitating enhanced clinical attention. HIV and certain antiretroviral therapies (ARTs) can compromise mitochondrial function and impact mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) replication, which is linked to DSP in ART-treated PWH. This study investigated mtDNA, mitochondrial fission and fusion proteins, and mitochondrial electron transport chain protein changes in the dorsal root ganglions (DRGs) and sural nerves (SuNs) of 11 autopsied PWH. In antemortem standardized assessments, six had no or one sign of DSP, while five exhibited two or more DSP signs. Digital droplet polymerase chain reaction was used to measure mtDNA quantity and the common deletions in isolated DNA. We found lower mtDNA copy numbers in DSP+ donors. SuNs exhibited a higher proportion of mtDNA common deletion than DRGs in both groups. Mitochondrial electron transport chain (ETC) proteins were altered in the DRGs of DSP+ compared to DSP- donors, particularly Complex I. These findings suggest that reduced mtDNA quantity and increased common deletion abundance may contribute to DSP in PWH, indicating diminished mitochondrial activity in the sensory neurons. Accumulated ETC proteins in the DRG imply impaired mitochondrial transport to the sensory neuron's distal portion. Identifying molecules to safeguard mitochondrial integrity could aid in treating or preventing HIV-associated peripheral neuropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Boustani
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA 92093, USA; (A.B.)
| | - Jacqueline R. Kulbe
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA 92093, USA; (A.B.)
| | | | - Josué Pérez-Santiago
- Division of Cancer Biology, University of Puerto Rico Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Juan, PR 00927, USA
| | - Sanjay R. Mehta
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA 92093, USA
| | - Ronald J. Ellis
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA 92093, USA; (M.S.A.)
| | - Jerel Adam Fields
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA 92093, USA; (A.B.)
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27
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Zheng BX, Long W, Zheng W, Zeng Y, Guo XC, Chan KH, She MT, Leung ASL, Lu YJ, Wong WL. Mitochondria-Selective Dicationic Small-Molecule Ligand Targeting G-Quadruplex Structures for Human Colorectal Cancer Therapy. J Med Chem 2024; 67:6292-6312. [PMID: 38624086 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.3c02240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
Mitochondria are important drug targets for anticancer and other disease therapies. Certain human mitochondrial DNA sequences capable of forming G-quadruplex structures (G4s) are emerging drug targets of small molecules. Despite some mitochondria-selective ligands being reported for drug delivery against cancers, the ligand design is mostly limited to the triphenylphosphonium scaffold. The ligand designed with lipophilic small-sized scaffolds bearing multipositive charges targeting the unique feature of high mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) is lacking and most mitochondria-selective ligands are not G4-targeting. Herein, we report a new small-sized dicationic lipophilic ligand to target MMP and mitochondrial DNA G4s to enhance drug delivery for anticancer. The ligand showed marked alteration of mitochondrial gene expression and substantial induction of ROS production, mitochondrial dysfunction, DNA damage, cellular senescence, and apoptosis. The ligand also exhibited high anticancer activity against HCT116 cancer cells (IC50, 3.4 μM) and high antitumor efficacy in the HCT116 tumor xenograft mouse model (∼70% tumor weight reduction).
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo-Xin Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
| | - Wei Long
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
| | - Wende Zheng
- The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen 518057, P. R. China
| | - Yaoxun Zeng
- The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen 518057, P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Chun Guo
- School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Ka-Hin Chan
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
| | - Meng-Ting She
- The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen 518057, P. R. China
| | - Alan Siu-Lun Leung
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
| | - Yu-Jing Lu
- School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Wing-Leung Wong
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
- The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen 518057, P. R. China
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28
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Mao EYC, Yen HY, Wu CC. Structural basis of how MGME1 processes DNA 5' ends to maintain mitochondrial genome integrity. Nucleic Acids Res 2024; 52:4067-4078. [PMID: 38471810 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkae186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial genome maintenance exonuclease 1 (MGME1) helps to ensure mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) integrity by serving as an ancillary 5'-exonuclease for DNA polymerase γ. Curiously, MGME1 exhibits unique bidirectionality in vitro, being capable of degrading DNA from either the 5' or 3' end. The structural basis of this bidirectionally and, particularly, how it processes DNA from the 5' end to assist in mtDNA maintenance remain unclear. Here, we present a crystal structure of human MGME1 in complex with a 5'-overhang DNA, revealing that MGME1 functions as a rigid DNA clamp equipped with a single-strand (ss)-selective arch, allowing it to slide on single-stranded DNA in either the 5'-to-3' or 3'-to-5' direction. Using a nuclease activity assay, we have dissected the structural basis of MGME1-derived DNA cleavage patterns in which the arch serves as a ruler to determine the cleavage site. We also reveal that MGME1 displays partial DNA-unwinding ability that helps it to better resolve 5'-DNA flaps, providing insights into MGME1-mediated 5'-end processing of nascent mtDNA. Our study builds on previously solved MGME1-DNA complex structures, finally providing the comprehensive functional mechanism of this bidirectional, ss-specific exonuclease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Y C Mao
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan City 701, Taiwan
| | - Han-Yi Yen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan City 701, Taiwan
| | - Chyuan-Chuan Wu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan City 701, Taiwan
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29
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Gigon L, Müller P, Haenni B, Iacovache I, Barbo M, Gosheva G, Yousefi S, Soragni A, von Ballmoos C, Zuber B, Simon HU. Membrane damage by MBP-1 is mediated by pore formation and amplified by mtDNA. Cell Rep 2024; 43:114084. [PMID: 38583154 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.114084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Eosinophils play a crucial role in host defense while also contributing to immunopathology through the release of inflammatory mediators. Characterized by distinctive cytoplasmic granules, eosinophils securely store and rapidly release various proteins exhibiting high toxicity upon extracellular release. Among these, major basic protein 1 (MBP-1) emerges as an important mediator in eosinophil function against pathogens and in eosinophil-associated diseases. While MBP-1 targets both microorganisms and host cells, its precise mechanism remains elusive. We demonstrate that formation of small pores by MBP-1 in lipid bilayers induces membrane permeabilization and disrupts potassium balance. Additionally, we reveal that mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) present in eosinophil extracellular traps (EETs) amplifies MBP-1 toxic effects, underscoring the pivotal role of mtDNA in EETs. Furthermore, we present evidence indicating that absence of CpG methylation in mtDNA contributes to the regulation of MBP-1-mediated toxicity. Taken together, our data suggest that the mtDNA scaffold within extracellular traps promotes MBP-1 toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lea Gigon
- Institute of Pharmacology, University of Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Philipp Müller
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Beat Haenni
- Institute of Anatomy, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Ioan Iacovache
- Institute of Anatomy, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Maruša Barbo
- Institute of Pharmacology, University of Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland; Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Gordana Gosheva
- Institute of Pharmacology, University of Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland; Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Shida Yousefi
- Institute of Pharmacology, University of Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Alice Soragni
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Christoph von Ballmoos
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Benoît Zuber
- Institute of Anatomy, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Hans-Uwe Simon
- Institute of Pharmacology, University of Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland; Institute of Biochemistry, Brandenburg Medical School, 16816 Neuruppin, Germany.
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30
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Lan J, Deng Z, Wang Q, Li D, Fan K, Chang J, Ma Y. Neuropeptide substance P attenuates colitis by suppressing inflammation and ferroptosis via the cGAS-STING signaling pathway. Int J Biol Sci 2024; 20:2507-2531. [PMID: 38725846 PMCID: PMC11077368 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.94548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Neuropeptide substance P (SP) belongs to a family of bioactive peptides and regulates many human diseases. This study aims to investigate the role and underlying mechanisms of SP in colitis. Here, activated SP-positive neurons and increased SP expression were observed in dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis lesions in mice. Administration of exogenous SP efficiently ameliorated the clinical symptoms, impaired intestinal barrier function, and inflammatory response. Mechanistically, SP protected mitochondria from damage caused by DSS or TNF-α exposure, preventing mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) leakage into the cytoplasm, thereby inhibiting the cyclic GMP-AMP synthase-stimulator of interferon genes (cGAS-STING) pathway. SP can also directly prevent STING phosphorylation through the neurokinin-1 receptor (NK1R), thereby inhibiting the activation of the TBK1-IRF3 signaling pathway. Further studies revealed that SP alleviated the DSS or TNF-α-induced ferroptosis process, which was associated with repressing the cGAS-STING signaling pathway. Notably, we identified that the NK1R inhibition reversed the effects of SP on inflammation and ferroptosis via the cGAS-STING pathway. Collectively, we unveil that SP attenuates inflammation and ferroptosis via suppressing the mtDNA-cGAS-STING or directly acting on the STING pathway, contributing to improving colitis in an NK1R-dependent manner. These findings provide a novel mechanism of SP regulating ulcerative colitis (UC) disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Yunfei Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health and Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
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31
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Ji L, Zhang X, Chen Z, Wang Y, Zhu H, Nai Y, Huang Y, Lai R, Zhong Y, Yang X, Wang Q, Hu H, Wang L. High glucose-induced p66Shc mitochondrial translocation regulates autophagy initiation and autophagosome formation in syncytiotrophoblast and extravillous trophoblast. Cell Commun Signal 2024; 22:234. [PMID: 38643181 PMCID: PMC11031965 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-024-01621-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/22/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND p66Shc, as a redox enzyme, regulates reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in mitochondria and autophagy. However, the mechanisms by which p66Shc affects autophagosome formation are not fully understood. METHODS p66Shc expression and its location in the trophoblast cells were detected in vivo and in vitro. Small hairpin RNAs or CRISPR/Cas9, RNA sequencing, and confocal laser scanning microscope were used to clarify p66Shc's role in regulating autophagic flux and STING activation. In addition, p66Shc affects mitochondrial-associated endoplasmic reticulum membranes (MAMs) formation were observed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Mitochondrial function was evaluated by detected cytoplastic mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) and mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP). RESULTS High glucose induces the expression and mitochondrial translocation of p66Shc, which promotes MAMs formation and stimulates PINK1-PRKN-mediated mitophagy. Moreover, mitochondrial localized p66Shc reduces MMP and triggers cytosolic mtDNA release, thus activates cGAS/STING signaling and ultimately leads to enhanced autophagy and cellular senescence. Specially, we found p66Shc is required for the interaction between STING and LC3II, as well as between STING and ATG5, thereby regulates cGAS/STING-mediated autophagy. We also identified hundreds of genes associated several biological processes including aging are co-regulated by p66Shc and ATG5, deletion either of which results in diminished cellular senescence. CONCLUSION p66Shc is not only implicated in the initiation of autophagy by promoting MAMs formation, but also helps stabilizing active autophagic flux by activating cGAS/STING pathway in trophoblast.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lulu Ji
- Department of Histology and Embryology, TaiKang Medical School (School of Basic Medical Sciences), Wuhan University, Hubei Province, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Xiaoli Zhang
- Department of Ultrasound in Gynecology and Obstetrics, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Hubei Province, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Zhiguo Chen
- Department of Human Anatomy, Basic Medical Sciences of Xinxiang Medical University, Henan Province, Xinxiang, 453003, China
| | - Yuexiao Wang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, TaiKang Medical School (School of Basic Medical Sciences), Wuhan University, Hubei Province, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Hengxuan Zhu
- Department of Histology and Embryology, TaiKang Medical School (School of Basic Medical Sciences), Wuhan University, Hubei Province, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Yaru Nai
- Department of Histology and Embryology, TaiKang Medical School (School of Basic Medical Sciences), Wuhan University, Hubei Province, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Yanyi Huang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, TaiKang Medical School (School of Basic Medical Sciences), Wuhan University, Hubei Province, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Rujie Lai
- Department of Histology and Embryology, TaiKang Medical School (School of Basic Medical Sciences), Wuhan University, Hubei Province, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Yu Zhong
- Department of Histology and Embryology, TaiKang Medical School (School of Basic Medical Sciences), Wuhan University, Hubei Province, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Xiting Yang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, TaiKang Medical School (School of Basic Medical Sciences), Wuhan University, Hubei Province, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Qiongtao Wang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, TaiKang Medical School (School of Basic Medical Sciences), Wuhan University, Hubei Province, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Hanyang Hu
- Department of Histology and Embryology, TaiKang Medical School (School of Basic Medical Sciences), Wuhan University, Hubei Province, Wuhan, 430071, China.
| | - Lin Wang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, TaiKang Medical School (School of Basic Medical Sciences), Wuhan University, Hubei Province, Wuhan, 430071, China.
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Developmentally Originated Disease, Hubei Province, Wuhan, 430071, China.
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32
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McShane E, Couvillion M, Ietswaart R, Prakash G, Smalec BM, Soto I, Baxter-Koenigs AR, Choquet K, Churchman LS. A kinetic dichotomy between mitochondrial and nuclear gene expression processes. Mol Cell 2024; 84:1541-1555.e11. [PMID: 38503286 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2024.02.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
Oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) complexes, encoded by both mitochondrial and nuclear DNA, are essential producers of cellular ATP, but how nuclear and mitochondrial gene expression steps are coordinated to achieve balanced OXPHOS subunit biogenesis remains unresolved. Here, we present a parallel quantitative analysis of the human nuclear and mitochondrial messenger RNA (mt-mRNA) life cycles, including transcript production, processing, ribosome association, and degradation. The kinetic rates of nearly every stage of gene expression differed starkly across compartments. Compared with nuclear mRNAs, mt-mRNAs were produced 1,100-fold more, degraded 7-fold faster, and accumulated to 160-fold higher levels. Quantitative modeling and depletion of mitochondrial factors LRPPRC and FASTKD5 identified critical points of mitochondrial regulatory control, revealing that the mitonuclear expression disparities intrinsically arise from the highly polycistronic nature of human mitochondrial pre-mRNA. We propose that resolving these differences requires a 100-fold slower mitochondrial translation rate, illuminating the mitoribosome as a nexus of mitonuclear co-regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erik McShane
- Department of Genetics, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Mary Couvillion
- Department of Genetics, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Robert Ietswaart
- Department of Genetics, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Gyan Prakash
- Department of Genetics, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Brendan M Smalec
- Department of Genetics, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Iliana Soto
- Department of Genetics, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Autum R Baxter-Koenigs
- Department of Genetics, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Karine Choquet
- Department of Genetics, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - L Stirling Churchman
- Department of Genetics, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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33
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Ju W, Zhao Y, Yu Y, Zhao S, Xiang S, Lian F. Mechanisms of mitochondrial dysfunction in ovarian aging and potential interventions. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 15:1361289. [PMID: 38694941 PMCID: PMC11061492 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1361289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria plays an essential role in regulating cellular metabolic homeostasis, proliferation/differentiation, and cell death. Mitochondrial dysfunction is implicated in many age-related pathologies. Evidence supports that the dysfunction of mitochondria and the decline of mitochondrial DNA copy number negatively affect ovarian aging. However, the mechanism of ovarian aging is still unclear. Treatment methods, including antioxidant applications, mitochondrial transplantation, emerging biomaterials, and advanced technologies, are being used to improve mitochondrial function and restore oocyte quality. This article reviews key evidence and research updates on mitochondrial damage in the pathogenesis of ovarian aging, emphasizing that mitochondrial damage may accelerate and lead to cellular senescence and ovarian aging, as well as exploring potential methods for using mitochondrial mechanisms to slow down aging and improve oocyte quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhan Ju
- The First Clinical Medical College, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Yuewen Zhao
- CReATe Fertility Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Yi Yu
- Department of Reproduction and Genetics, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Shuai Zhao
- The First Clinical Medical College, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Shan Xiang
- The First Clinical Medical College, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Fang Lian
- Department of Reproduction and Genetics, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
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34
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Fragkoulis G, Hangas A, Fekete Z, Michell C, Moraes C, Willcox S, Griffith JD, Goffart S, Pohjoismäki JO. Linear DNA-driven recombination in mammalian mitochondria. Nucleic Acids Res 2024; 52:3088-3105. [PMID: 38300793 PMCID: PMC11014290 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkae040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) recombination in animals has remained enigmatic due to its uniparental inheritance and subsequent homoplasmic state, which excludes the biological need for genetic recombination, as well as limits tools to study it. However, molecular recombination is an important genome maintenance mechanism for all organisms, most notably being required for double-strand break repair. To demonstrate the existence of mtDNA recombination, we took advantage of a cell model with two different types of mitochondrial genomes and impaired its ability to degrade broken mtDNA. The resulting excess of linear DNA fragments caused increased formation of cruciform mtDNA, appearance of heterodimeric mtDNA complexes and recombinant mtDNA genomes, detectable by Southern blot and by long range PacBio® HiFi sequencing approach. Besides utilizing different electrophoretic methods, we also directly observed molecular complexes between different mtDNA haplotypes and recombination intermediates using transmission electron microscopy. We propose that the known copy-choice recombination by mitochondrial replisome could be sufficient for the needs of the small genome, thus removing the requirement for a specialized mitochondrial recombinase. The error-proneness of this system is likely to contribute to the formation of pathological mtDNA rearrangements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgios Fragkoulis
- Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, PO Box 111, 80101 Joensuu, Finland
| | - Anu Hangas
- Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, PO Box 111, 80101 Joensuu, Finland
| | - Zsófia Fekete
- Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, PO Box 111, 80101 Joensuu, Finland
- Department of Genetics and Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Biotechnology, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Gödöllő, Hungary
- Doctoral School of Animal Biotechnology and Animal Science, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Gödöllő, Hungary
| | - Craig Michell
- Red Sea Research Center, Division of Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
| | - Carlos T Moraes
- Department of Neurology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami,FL, USA
| | - Smaranda Willcox
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, USA
| | - Jack D Griffith
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, USA
| | - Steffi Goffart
- Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, PO Box 111, 80101 Joensuu, Finland
| | - Jaakko L O Pohjoismäki
- Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, PO Box 111, 80101 Joensuu, Finland
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35
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Aburada N, Ito J, Inoue Y, Yamamoto T, Hayashi M, Teramoto N, Okada Y, Koshiishi Y, Shirasuna K, Iwata H. Effect of paternal aging and vitrification on mitochondrial DNA copy number and telomere length of mouse blastocysts. J Reprod Dev 2024; 70:65-71. [PMID: 38267053 PMCID: PMC11017102 DOI: 10.1262/jrd.2023-079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/31/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024] Open
Abstract
In this study, we examined the effects of paternal aging on the mitochondrial DNA copy number (mt-cn), telomere length (TL), and gene expression in mouse embryos. The effects of vitrification on the mt-cn and TL of the embryos derived from young and aged male parents (YF and AF, respectively) were examined. C57BL/6N male mice were used for embryo production at 13-23 and 50-55 weeks of age. Two-cell stage embryos were collected from the oviducts of superovulated female mice (8-15 weeks old) and cultured for 24 h until the 8-cell stage, followed by embryo vitrification. Fresh and vitrified-warmed embryos were incubated for 2 days until the blastocyst stage, and mt-cn and TL were investigated. The cell-free mitochondrial DNA copy number (cf-mt-cn) in the spent culture medium (SCM) of the embryos was then investigated. RNA sequencing of blastocysts revealed that metabolic pathways, including oxidative phosphorylation and mTOR pathways, were enriched in differentially expressed genes. The mt-cn and TL of AF-derived blastocysts were lower and shorter, respectively, than those of YF-derived blastocysts. Paternal aging did not affect the blastocyst rate after vitrification. Vitrification of the 8-cell stage embryos did not affect the mt-cn of the blastocysts. However, it increased the cf-mt-cn (cell-free mt-cn) in the SCM of both YF- and AF-derived embryos. Vitrification did not affect the TL of either YF- or AF-derived embryos. Thus, paternal aging affected the mt-cn and TL of the embryos, but vitrification did not affect these parameters in either age groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nao Aburada
- Tokyo University of Agriculture, Kanagawa 243-0034, Japan
| | - Jun Ito
- Tokyo University of Agriculture, Kanagawa 243-0034, Japan
| | - Yuki Inoue
- Tokyo University of Agriculture, Kanagawa 243-0034, Japan
| | | | | | - Noko Teramoto
- Tokyo University of Agriculture, Kanagawa 243-0034, Japan
| | - Yuri Okada
- Tokyo University of Agriculture, Kanagawa 243-0034, Japan
| | | | | | - Hisataka Iwata
- Tokyo University of Agriculture, Kanagawa 243-0034, Japan
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Zhuang X, Ye R, Zhou Y, Cheng MY, Cui H, Wang L, Zhang S, Wang S, Cui Y, Zhang W. Leveraging new methods for comprehensive characterization of mitochondrial DNA in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Genome Med 2024; 16:50. [PMID: 38566210 PMCID: PMC10985887 DOI: 10.1186/s13073-024-01319-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mitochondria play essential roles in tumorigenesis; however, little is known about the contribution of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) to esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). Whole-genome sequencing (WGS) is by far the most efficient technology to fully characterize the molecular features of mtDNA; however, due to the high redundancy and heterogeneity of mtDNA in regular WGS data, methods for mtDNA analysis are far from satisfactory. METHODS Here, we developed a likelihood-based method dMTLV to identify low-heteroplasmic mtDNA variants. In addition, we described fNUMT, which can simultaneously detect non-reference nuclear sequences of mitochondrial origin (non-ref NUMTs) and their derived artifacts. Using these new methods, we explored the contribution of mtDNA to ESCC utilizing the multi-omics data of 663 paired tumor-normal samples. RESULTS dMTLV outperformed the existing methods in sensitivity without sacrificing specificity. The verification using Nanopore long-read sequencing data showed that fNUMT has superior specificity and more accurate breakpoint identification than the current methods. Leveraging the new method, we identified a significant association between the ESCC overall survival and the ratio of mtDNA copy number of paired tumor-normal samples, which could be potentially explained by the differential expression of genes enriched in pathways related to metabolism, DNA damage repair, and cell cycle checkpoint. Additionally, we observed that the expression of CBWD1 was downregulated by the non-ref NUMTs inserted into its intron region, which might provide precursor conditions for the tumor cells to adapt to a hypoxic environment. Moreover, we identified a strong positive relationship between the number of mtDNA truncating mutations and the contribution of signatures linked to tumorigenesis and treatment response. CONCLUSIONS Our new frameworks promote the characterization of mtDNA features, which enables the elucidation of the landscapes and roles of mtDNA in ESCC essential for extending the current understanding of ESCC etiology. dMTLV and fNUMT are freely available from https://github.com/sunnyzxh/dMTLV and https://github.com/sunnyzxh/fNUMT , respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuehan Zhuang
- Cancer Institute, Department of Oncology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen Peking University-the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (PKU-HKUST) Medical Center; Institute of Cancer Research, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518000, China
| | - Rui Ye
- Department of Psychiatry, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yong Zhou
- Cancer Institute, Department of Oncology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen Peking University-the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (PKU-HKUST) Medical Center; Institute of Cancer Research, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518000, China
| | - Matthew Yibo Cheng
- Cancer Institute, Department of Oncology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen Peking University-the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (PKU-HKUST) Medical Center; Institute of Cancer Research, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518000, China
| | - Heyang Cui
- Cancer Institute, Department of Oncology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen Peking University-the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (PKU-HKUST) Medical Center; Institute of Cancer Research, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518000, China
| | - Longlong Wang
- Cancer Institute, Department of Oncology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen Peking University-the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (PKU-HKUST) Medical Center; Institute of Cancer Research, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518000, China
| | - Shuangping Zhang
- The Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanxi Cancer Hospital; Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology of the Ministry of Education, Department of Pathology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030001, China
| | - Shubin Wang
- Cancer Institute, Department of Oncology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen Peking University-the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (PKU-HKUST) Medical Center; Institute of Cancer Research, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518000, China
| | - Yongping Cui
- Cancer Institute, Department of Oncology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen Peking University-the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (PKU-HKUST) Medical Center; Institute of Cancer Research, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518000, China.
- The Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanxi Cancer Hospital; Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology of the Ministry of Education, Department of Pathology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030001, China.
| | - Weimin Zhang
- Cancer Institute, Department of Oncology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen Peking University-the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (PKU-HKUST) Medical Center; Institute of Cancer Research, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518000, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research, Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute; Research Unit of Molecular Cancer Research, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100142, China.
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Kang Y, Hepojoki J, Maldonado RS, Mito T, Terzioglu M, Manninen T, Kant R, Singh S, Othman A, Verma R, Uusimaa J, Wartiovaara K, Kareinen L, Zamboni N, Nyman TA, Paetau A, Kipar A, Vapalahti O, Suomalainen A. Ancestral allele of DNA polymerase gamma modifies antiviral tolerance. Nature 2024; 628:844-853. [PMID: 38570685 PMCID: PMC11041766 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-024-07260-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2021] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
Mitochondria are critical modulators of antiviral tolerance through the release of mitochondrial RNA and DNA (mtDNA and mtRNA) fragments into the cytoplasm after infection, activating virus sensors and type-I interferon (IFN-I) response1-4. The relevance of these mechanisms for mitochondrial diseases remains understudied. Here we investigated mitochondrial recessive ataxia syndrome (MIRAS), which is caused by a common European founder mutation in DNA polymerase gamma (POLG1)5. Patients homozygous for the MIRAS variant p.W748S show exceptionally variable ages of onset and symptoms5, indicating that unknown modifying factors contribute to disease manifestation. We report that the mtDNA replicase POLG1 has a role in antiviral defence mechanisms to double-stranded DNA and positive-strand RNA virus infections (HSV-1, TBEV and SARS-CoV-2), and its p.W748S variant dampens innate immune responses. Our patient and knock-in mouse data show that p.W748S compromises mtDNA replisome stability, causing mtDNA depletion, aggravated by virus infection. Low mtDNA and mtRNA release into the cytoplasm and a slow IFN response in MIRAS offer viruses an early replicative advantage, leading to an augmented pro-inflammatory response, a subacute loss of GABAergic neurons and liver inflammation and necrosis. A population databank of around 300,000 Finnish individuals6 demonstrates enrichment of immunodeficient traits in carriers of the POLG1 p.W748S mutation. Our evidence suggests that POLG1 defects compromise antiviral tolerance, triggering epilepsy and liver disease. The finding has important implications for the mitochondrial disease spectrum, including epilepsy, ataxia and parkinsonism.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Female
- Humans
- Male
- Mice
- Age of Onset
- Alleles
- COVID-19/immunology
- COVID-19/virology
- COVID-19/genetics
- DNA Polymerase gamma/genetics
- DNA Polymerase gamma/immunology
- DNA Polymerase gamma/metabolism
- DNA, Mitochondrial/immunology
- DNA, Mitochondrial/metabolism
- Encephalitis Viruses, Tick-Borne/immunology
- Encephalitis, Tick-Borne/genetics
- Encephalitis, Tick-Borne/immunology
- Encephalitis, Tick-Borne/virology
- Founder Effect
- Gene Knock-In Techniques
- Herpes Simplex/genetics
- Herpes Simplex/immunology
- Herpes Simplex/virology
- Herpesvirus 1, Human/immunology
- Immune Tolerance/genetics
- Immune Tolerance/immunology
- Immunity, Innate/genetics
- Immunity, Innate/immunology
- Interferon Type I/immunology
- Mitochondrial Diseases/enzymology
- Mitochondrial Diseases/genetics
- Mitochondrial Diseases/immunology
- Mutation
- RNA, Mitochondrial/immunology
- RNA, Mitochondrial/metabolism
- SARS-CoV-2/immunology
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Affiliation(s)
- Yilin Kang
- Stem Cell and Metabolism Research Program Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jussi Hepojoki
- Department of Virology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Laboratory for Animal Model Pathology, Institute of Veterinary Pathology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Rocio Sartori Maldonado
- Stem Cell and Metabolism Research Program Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Takayuki Mito
- Stem Cell and Metabolism Research Program Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Mügen Terzioglu
- Stem Cell and Metabolism Research Program Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Tuula Manninen
- Stem Cell and Metabolism Research Program Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Ravi Kant
- Department of Virology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Tropical Parasitology, Institute of Maritime and Tropical Medicine, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Sachin Singh
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo and Rikshospitalet Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Alaa Othman
- Swiss Multi-Omics Center, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Rohit Verma
- Stem Cell and Metabolism Research Program Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Johanna Uusimaa
- Research Unit of Clinical Medicine and Medical Research Center, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Unit of Child Neurology, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - Kirmo Wartiovaara
- Stem Cell and Metabolism Research Program Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Helsinki University Hospital, HUS Diagnostics, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Lauri Kareinen
- Department of Virology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Finnish Food Safety Authority, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Nicola Zamboni
- Swiss Multi-Omics Center, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Tuula Anneli Nyman
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo and Rikshospitalet Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Anders Paetau
- Stem Cell and Metabolism Research Program Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Helsinki University Hospital, HUS Diagnostics, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Anja Kipar
- Laboratory for Animal Model Pathology, Institute of Veterinary Pathology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Olli Vapalahti
- Department of Virology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Helsinki University Hospital, HUS Diagnostics, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Anu Suomalainen
- Stem Cell and Metabolism Research Program Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
- Helsinki University Hospital, HUS Diagnostics, Helsinki, Finland.
- HiLife, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
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Wang K, Wen Y, Fu X, Wei S, Liu S, Chen M. mtDNA regulates cGAS-STING signaling pathway in adenomyosis. Free Radic Biol Med 2024; 216:80-88. [PMID: 38494142 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2024.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
In various hyperproliferative disorders, damaged mitochondria can release mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) into the cytoplasm, activating the cGAS-STING signaling pathway and subsequent immune imbalances. Our previous research has demonstrated that hypoxia plays a role in the development of adenomyosis (AM) by inducing mitochondrial dysfunction. However, the precise involvement of the cGAS-STING signaling pathway and mtDNA in AM remains unclear. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the relationship between mtDNA secretion, changes in the cGAS-STING signaling pathway, and the abnormal cellular proliferation observed in AM. We found the cGAS, STING, TBK1, p-TBK1, IRF3, and p-IRF3 proteins levels were significantly elevated in the tissues of patients with AM compared to the control group. Additionally, there was an increase in the expression of the pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-6 and IFN-α in the AM tissues. Hypoxia-induced an increase in the proliferation and migration abilities of endometrial stromal cells (ESCs), accompanied by the activation of the cGAS-STING signaling pathway and elevated levels of IFN-α. Furthermore, hypoxia promoted the leakage of mtDNA into the cytoplasm in AM ESCs, and the deletion of mtDNA reduced the activation of the cGAS-STING pathway. Moreover, knockdown of the STING gene inhibited the expression of TBK1, p-TBK1, IRF3, and p-IRF3 and suppressed the secretion of the inflammatory cytokines IL-6 and IFN-α. Furthermore, the migration and invasion abilities of AM ESCs were significantly diminished after STING knockdown. These findings provide valuable insights into the role of mtDNA release and the cGAS-STING signaling pathway in the pathogenesis of AM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Wang
- Third-grade Pharmacological Laboratory on Traditional Chinese Medicine, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China Three Gorges University, Yi Chang, 443000, China; College of Medicine and Health Sciences, China Three Gorges University, Yi Chang, 443000, China
| | - Yi Wen
- TCM Regulating Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610000, China; Department of Gynecology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610000, China
| | - Xianyun Fu
- Third-grade Pharmacological Laboratory on Traditional Chinese Medicine, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China Three Gorges University, Yi Chang, 443000, China; College of Medicine and Health Sciences, China Three Gorges University, Yi Chang, 443000, China.
| | - Shaobin Wei
- TCM Regulating Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610000, China; Department of Gynecology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610000, China.
| | - Shidan Liu
- Third-grade Pharmacological Laboratory on Traditional Chinese Medicine, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China Three Gorges University, Yi Chang, 443000, China; College of Medicine and Health Sciences, China Three Gorges University, Yi Chang, 443000, China
| | - Minmin Chen
- Third-grade Pharmacological Laboratory on Traditional Chinese Medicine, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China Three Gorges University, Yi Chang, 443000, China; College of Medicine and Health Sciences, China Three Gorges University, Yi Chang, 443000, China
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39
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Gonzalez CD, Nissanka N, Van Booven D, Griswold AJ, Moraes CT. Absence of both MGME1 and POLG EXO abolishes mtDNA whereas absence of either creates unique mtDNA duplications. J Biol Chem 2024; 300:107128. [PMID: 38432635 PMCID: PMC11002302 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2024.107128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Both POLG and MGME1 are needed for mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) maintenance in animal cells. POLG, the primary replicative polymerase of the mitochondria, has an exonuclease activity (3'→5') that corrects for the misincorporation of bases. MGME1 serves as an exonuclease (5'→3'), producing ligatable DNA ends. Although both have a critical role in mtDNA replication and elimination of linear fragments, these mechanisms are still not fully understood. Using digital PCR to evaluate and compare mtDNA integrity, we show that Mgme1 knock out (Mgme1 KK) tissue mtDNA is more fragmented than POLG exonuclease-deficient "Mutator" (Polg MM) or WT tissue. In addition, next generation sequencing of mutant hearts showed abundant duplications in/nearby the D-loop region and unique 100 bp duplications evenly spaced throughout the genome only in Mgme1 KK hearts. However, despite these unique mtDNA features at steady-state, we observed a similar delay in the degradation of mtDNA after an induced double strand DNA break in both Mgme1 KK and Polg MM models. Lastly, we characterized double mutant (Polg MM/Mgme1 KK) cells and show that mtDNA cannot be maintained without at least one of these enzymatic activities. We propose a model for the generation of these genomic abnormalities which suggests a role for MGME1 outside of nascent mtDNA end ligation. Our results highlight the role of MGME1 in and outside of the D-loop region during replication, support the involvement of MGME1 in dsDNA degradation, and demonstrate that POLG EXO and MGME1 can partially compensate for each other in maintaining mtDNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian D Gonzalez
- MSTP and MCDB Programs, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Nadee Nissanka
- Department of Neurology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Derek Van Booven
- John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Anthony J Griswold
- John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Carlos T Moraes
- Department of Neurology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA.
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40
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Tan X, Chen Q, Chen Z, Sun Z, Chen W, Wei R. Mitochondrial DNA-Activated cGAS-STING Signaling in Environmental Dry Eye. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2024; 65:33. [PMID: 38648040 PMCID: PMC11044830 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.65.4.33] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose The cGAS-STING pathway has been shown to be an important mediator of inflammation. There is emerging evidence of the importance of this signaling cascade in a variety of inflammatory diseases settings. Here, we present evidence that the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) damage-mediated cGAS-STING pathway plays an important role in the induction of inflammation in environmental dry eye (DE). Methods RT-qPCR and Western blot were used to assess the induction of the cGAS-STING pathway and inflammatory cytokines in environmental DE mouse model, primary human corneal epithelial cells (pHCECs), and patients with DE. RNA sequencing was used to determine mRNA expression patterns of high osmotic pressure (HOP)-stimulated pHCECs. mtDNA was detected with electron microscopy, flow cytometry, and immunofluorescent staining. mtDNA was isolated and transfected into pHCECs for evaluating the activation of the cGAS-STING pathway. Results The expression levels of cGAS, STING, TBK1, IRF3, and IFNβ were significantly increased in an environmental DE model and HOP-stimulated pHCECs. The STING inhibitor decreased the expression of inflammatory factors in DE. An upregulation of STING-mediated immune responses and IRF3 expression mediated by TBK1 were observed in the HOP group. HOP stimulation induced mitochondrial oxidative damage and the leakage of mtDNA into the cytoplasm. Then, mtDNA activated the cGAS-STING pathway and induced intracytoplasmic STING translocated to the Golgi apparatus. Finally, we also found activated cGAS-STING signaling in the human conjunctival blot cell of patients with DE. Conclusions Our findings suggest that the cGAS-STING pathway is activated by recognizing cytoplasmic mtDNA leading to STING translocation, further exacerbating the development of inflammation in environmental DE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiying Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Vision Science, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qianqian Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Vision Science, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhonghua Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Vision Science, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhenzhen Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Vision Science, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Vision Science, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ruifen Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Vision Science, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
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Sung JY, Kim SG, Kang YJ, Park SY, Choi HC. SIRT1-dependent PGC-1α deacetylation by SRT1720 rescues progression of atherosclerosis by enhancing mitochondrial function. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2024; 1869:159453. [PMID: 38244675 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2024.159453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 01/22/2024]
Abstract
Vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) senescence promotes atherosclerosis via lipid-mediated mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress. However, the mechanisms of mitochondrial dysfunction and VSMC senescence in atherosclerosis have not been established. Here, we investigated the mechanisms whereby signaling pathways regulated by SRT1720 enhance or regulate mitochondrial functions in atherosclerotic VSMCs to suppress atherosclerosis. Initially, we examined the effect of SRT1720 on oleic acid (OA)-induced atherosclerosis. Atherosclerotic VSMCs exhibited elevated expressions of BODIPY and ADRP (adipose differentiation-related protein) and associated intracellular lipid droplet markers. In addition, the expression of collagen I was upregulated by OA, while the expressions of elastin and α-SMA were downregulated. mtDNA copy numbers, an ATP detection assay, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) imaging of mitochondria, mitochondria membrane potentials (assessed using JC-1 probe), and levels of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) were used to examine the effects of SRT1720 on OA-induced mitochondrial dysfunction. SRT1720 reduced mtDNA damage and accelerated mitochondria repair in VSMCs with OA-induced mitochondria dysfunction. In addition, mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mtROS) levels were downregulated by SRT1720 in OA-treated VSMCs. Importantly, SRT1720 significantly increased SIRT1 and PGC-1α expression levels, but VSMCs senescence, inflammatory response, and atherosclerosis phenotypes were not recovered by treating cells with EX527 and SR-18292 before SRT1720. Mechanistically, the upregulations of SIRT1 and PGC-1α deacetylation by SRT1720 restored mitochondrial function, and consequently suppressed VSMC senescence and atherosclerosis-associated proteins and phenotypes. Collectively, this study indicates that SRT1720 can attenuate OA-induced atherosclerosis associated with VSMC senescence and mitochondrial dysfunction via SIRT1-mediated deacetylation of the PGC-1α pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Young Sung
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University, Daegu 42415, Republic of Korea; Senotherapy-based Metabolic Disease Control Research Center, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University, Daegu 42415, Republic of Korea
| | - Seul Gi Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University, Daegu 42415, Republic of Korea; Senotherapy-based Metabolic Disease Control Research Center, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University, Daegu 42415, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Jin Kang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University, Daegu 42415, Republic of Korea
| | - So-Young Park
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University, Daegu 42415, Republic of Korea; Senotherapy-based Metabolic Disease Control Research Center, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University, Daegu 42415, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyoung Chul Choi
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University, Daegu 42415, Republic of Korea; Senotherapy-based Metabolic Disease Control Research Center, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University, Daegu 42415, Republic of Korea.
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Yan X, Huang J, Zeng Y, Zhong X, Fu Y, Xiao H, Wang X, Lian H, Luo H, Li D, Guo R. CGRP attenuates pulmonary vascular remodeling by inhibiting the cGAS-STING-NFκB pathway in pulmonary arterial hypertension. Biochem Pharmacol 2024; 222:116093. [PMID: 38408681 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2024.116093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hyperproliferation, inflammation, and mitochondrial abnormalities in pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) underlie the pathological mechanisms of vascular remodeling in pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). Cytoplasmic mtDNA activates the cGAS-STING-NFκB pathway and secretes pro-inflammatory cytokines that may be involved in the pathogenesis of PAH. Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) acts as a vasodilator to regulate patterns of cellular energy metabolism and has vasodilatory and anti-inflammatory effects. METHODS The role of the cGAS-STING-NFκB signaling pathway in PAH vascular remodeling and the regulation of CGRP in the cGAS-STING-NFκB signaling pathway were investigated by echocardiography, morphology, histology, enzyme immunoassay, and fluorometry. RESULTS Monocrotaline (MCT) could promote right heart hypertrophy, pulmonary artery intima thickening, and inflammatory cell infiltration in rats. Cinnamaldehyde (CA)-induced CGRP release alleviates MCT-induced vascular remodeling in PAH. CGRP reduces PDGF-BB-induced proliferation, and migration, and downregulates smooth muscle cell phenotypic proteins. In vivo and in vitro experiments confirm that the mitochondria of PASMCs were damaged during PAH, and the superoxide and mtDNA produced by injured mitochondria activate the cGAS-STING-NFκB pathway to promote PAH process, while CGRP could play an anti-PAH role by protecting the mitochondria and inhibiting the cGAS-STING-NFκB pathway through PKA. CONCLUSION This study identifies that CGRP attenuates cGAS-STING-NFκB axis-mediated vascular remodeling in PAH through PKA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Yan
- Department of Pharmacy, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Jun Huang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Youjie Zeng
- Department of Anesthesiology, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Xuefeng Zhong
- Phase Ⅰ Clinical Trial Center, The Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Yangxia Fu
- Department of Pharmacy, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Haiyan Xiao
- Phase Ⅰ Clinical Trial Center, The Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Xia Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Huilin Lian
- Department of Pharmacy, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Hui Luo
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Dai Li
- Phase Ⅰ Clinical Trial Center, The Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.
| | - Ren Guo
- Department of Pharmacy, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410013, Hunan, China.
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Xu Y, Gao L, Yang J, Wang J, Jiang X, Yu L. [Knockdown mitochondrial transcription factor A (TFAM) inhibits autophagy, proliferation, invasion and migration in human cervical cancer and osteosarcoma cells]. Xi Bao Yu Fen Zi Mian Yi Xue Za Zhi 2024; 40:311-318. [PMID: 38710515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
Objective To investigate the effects of mitochondrial transcription factor A (TFAM) on mitochondrial function, autophagy, proliferation, invasion, and migration in cervical cancer HeLa cells and osteosarcoma U2OS cells. Methods TFAM small-interfering RNA (si-TFAM) was transfected to HeLa and U2OS cells for downregulating TFAM expression. Mito-Tracker Red CMXRos staining combined with laser confocal microscopy was used to detect mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP). MitoSOXTM Red labeling was used to test mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mtROS) levels. The expression of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) was detected by real-time quantitative PCR. Changes in the number of autophagosomes were detected by immunofluorescence cytochemistry. Western blot analysis was used to detect the expressions of TFAM, autophagy microtubule associated protein 1 light chain 3A/B (LC3A/B), autophagy associated protein 2A (ATG2A), ATG2B, ATG9A, zinc finger transcription factor Snail, matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP2) and MMP9. CCK-8 assay and plate clony formation assay were used to detect cell proliferation, while TranswellTM assay and scratch healing assay were used to detect changes in cell invasion and migration. Results The downregulation of TFAM expression resulted in a decrease in MMP and mtDNA copy number, but an increase in mtROS production. The protein content of LC3A/B decreased significantly compared to the control group and the number of autophagosomes in the cytoplasm decreased significantly. The expressions of ATG2B and ATG9A in the early stage of autophagy were significantly reduced. The expressions of Snail, MMP2 and MMP9 proteins in HeLa and U2OS cells were also decreased. The proliferation, invasion and migration ability of HeLa and U2OS cells were inhibited after being interfered with TFAM expression. Conclusion Downregulation of TFAM expression inhibits mitochondrial function, delays autophagy process and reduces the proliferation, invasion and migration ability of cervical cancer cells and osteosarcoma cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Xu
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Research and Clinical Laboratory Diagnosis, School of Laboratory Medicine, Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu 233030, China
| | - Liu Gao
- School of Clinical Medicine, Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu 233030, China
| | - Jingrui Yang
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Research and Clinical Laboratory Diagnosis, School of Laboratory Medicine, Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu 233030, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Research and Clinical Laboratory Diagnosis, School of Laboratory Medicine, Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu 233030, China
| | - Xu Jiang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics, Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu 233030, China
| | - Li Yu
- Department of Transfusion, Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu 233030, China. *Corresponding author, E-mail:
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Zhou J, Chen F, Yan A, Xia X. Molecular mechanism of high glucose-induced mitochondrial DNA damage in retinal ganglion cells. Cell Mol Biol (Noisy-le-grand) 2024; 70:219-224. [PMID: 38650130 DOI: 10.14715/cmb/2024.70.3.33] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
Mitochondrial DNA damage in retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) may be closely related to lesions of glaucoma. RGCs were cultured with different concentrations of glucose and grouped into 3 groups, namely normal control (NC) group, Low-Glu group, and High-Glu group. Cell viability was measured with cell counting kit-8, and cell apoptosis was measured using flow cytometry. The DNA damage was measured with comet assay, and the morphological changes of damaged mitochondria in RGCs were observed using TEM. Western blot analyzed the expression of MRE11, RAD50, and NBS1 protein. Cell viability of RGCs in Low-Glu and High-Glu groups were lower than that of NC group in 48 and 96 h. The cell apoptosis in NC group was 4.9%, the Low-Glu group was 12.2% and High-Glu group was 24.4%. The comet imaging showed that NC cells did not have tailings, but the low-Glu and high-Glu group cells had tailings, indicating that the DNA of RGCs had been damaged. TEM, mitochondrial membrane potential, ROS, mitochondrial oxygen consumption, and ATP content detection results showed that RGCs cultured with high glucose occurred mitochondrial morphology changes and dysfunction. MRE11, RAD50, and NBS1 protein expression associated with DNA damage repair pathway in High-Glu group declined compared with Low-Glu group. Mitochondrial DNA damage caused by high glucose will result in apoptosis of retinal ganglion cells in glaucoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinzi Zhou
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First People's Hospital of Guiyang, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550002, China.
| | - Fenghua Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First People's Hospital of Guiyang, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550002, China.
| | - Aimin Yan
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First People's Hospital of Guiyang, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550002, China.
| | - Xiaobo Xia
- Department of Ophthalmology, Xiangya Hospital Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China.
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Chen HY, Hsieh WC, Liu YC, Li HY, Liu PY, Hsu YT, Hsu SC, Luo AC, Kuo WC, Huang YJ, Liou GG, Lin MY, Ko CJ, Tsai HC, Chang SJ. Mitochondrial injury induced by a Salmonella genotoxin triggers the proinflammatory senescence-associated secretory phenotype. Nat Commun 2024; 15:2778. [PMID: 38555361 PMCID: PMC10981749 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-47190-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Bacterial genotoxins damage host cells by targeting their chromosomal DNA. In the present study, we demonstrate that a genotoxin of Salmonella Typhi, typhoid toxin, triggers the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) by damaging mitochondrial DNA. The actions of typhoid toxin disrupt mitochondrial DNA integrity, leading to mitochondrial dysfunction and disturbance of redox homeostasis. Consequently, it facilitates the release of damaged mitochondrial DNA into the cytosol, activating type I interferon via the cGAS-STING pathway. We also reveal that the GCN2-mediated integrated stress response plays a role in the upregulation of inflammatory components depending on the STING signaling axis. These SASP factors can propagate the senescence effect on T cells, leading to senescence in these cells. These findings provide insights into how a bacterial genotoxin targets mitochondria to trigger a proinflammatory SASP, highlighting a potential therapeutic target for an anti-toxin intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han-Yi Chen
- Graduate Institute of Microbiology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wan-Chen Hsieh
- Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biology, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chieh Liu
- Graduate Institute of Microbiology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Huei-Ying Li
- Medical Microbiota Center of the First Core Laboratory, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Po-Yo Liu
- Graduate Institute of Microbiology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ting Hsu
- Graduate Institute of Microbiology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shao-Chun Hsu
- Imaging Core, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - An-Chi Luo
- Imaging Core, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Chen Kuo
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Jhen Huang
- Graduate Institute of Toxicology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Gan-Guang Liou
- Cryo-EM Core, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Meng-Yun Lin
- Graduate Institute of Immunology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Jung Ko
- Graduate Institute of Immunology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsing-Chen Tsai
- Graduate Institute of Toxicology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Center for Frontier Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Jung Chang
- Graduate Institute of Microbiology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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van Soest DMK, Polderman PE, den Toom WTF, Keijer JP, van Roosmalen MJ, Leyten TMF, Lehmann J, Zwakenberg S, De Henau S, van Boxtel R, Burgering BMT, Dansen TB. Mitochondrial H 2O 2 release does not directly cause damage to chromosomal DNA. Nat Commun 2024; 15:2725. [PMID: 38548751 PMCID: PMC10978998 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-47008-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) derived from mitochondrial respiration are frequently cited as a major source of chromosomal DNA mutations that contribute to cancer development and aging. However, experimental evidence showing that ROS released by mitochondria can directly damage nuclear DNA is largely lacking. In this study, we investigated the effects of H2O2 released by mitochondria or produced at the nucleosomes using a titratable chemogenetic approach. This enabled us to precisely investigate to what extent DNA damage occurs downstream of near- and supraphysiological amounts of localized H2O2. Nuclear H2O2 gives rise to DNA damage and mutations and a subsequent p53 dependent cell cycle arrest. Mitochondrial H2O2 release shows none of these effects, even at levels that are orders of magnitude higher than what mitochondria normally produce. We conclude that H2O2 released from mitochondria is unlikely to directly damage nuclear genomic DNA, limiting its contribution to oncogenic transformation and aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daan M K van Soest
- Center for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, Universiteitsweg 100, Utrecht, 3584 CG, The Netherlands
| | - Paulien E Polderman
- Center for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, Universiteitsweg 100, Utrecht, 3584 CG, The Netherlands
| | - Wytze T F den Toom
- Center for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, Universiteitsweg 100, Utrecht, 3584 CG, The Netherlands
| | - Janneke P Keijer
- Center for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, Universiteitsweg 100, Utrecht, 3584 CG, The Netherlands
| | - Markus J van Roosmalen
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Heidelberglaan 25, Utrecht, 3584 CS, The Netherlands
| | - Tim M F Leyten
- Center for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, Universiteitsweg 100, Utrecht, 3584 CG, The Netherlands
| | - Johannes Lehmann
- Center for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, Universiteitsweg 100, Utrecht, 3584 CG, The Netherlands
| | - Susan Zwakenberg
- Center for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, Universiteitsweg 100, Utrecht, 3584 CG, The Netherlands
| | - Sasha De Henau
- Center for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, Universiteitsweg 100, Utrecht, 3584 CG, The Netherlands
| | - Ruben van Boxtel
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Heidelberglaan 25, Utrecht, 3584 CS, The Netherlands
- Oncode Institute, Jaarbeursplein 6, Utrecht, 3521 AL, The Netherlands
| | - Boudewijn M T Burgering
- Center for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, Universiteitsweg 100, Utrecht, 3584 CG, The Netherlands
- Oncode Institute, Jaarbeursplein 6, Utrecht, 3521 AL, The Netherlands
| | - Tobias B Dansen
- Center for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, Universiteitsweg 100, Utrecht, 3584 CG, The Netherlands.
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Gao Y, Dong R, Yan J, Chen H, Sang L, Yao X, Fan D, Wang X, Zuo X, Zhang X, Yang S, Wu Z, Sun J. Mitochondrial deoxyguanosine kinase is required for female fertility in mice. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2024; 56:427-439. [PMID: 38327186 PMCID: PMC10984852 DOI: 10.3724/abbs.2024003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial homeostasis plays a pivotal role in oocyte maturation and embryonic development. Deoxyguanosine kinase (DGUOK) is a nucleoside kinase that salvages purine nucleosides in mitochondria and is critical for mitochondrial DNA replication and homeostasis in non-proliferating cells. Dguok loss-of-function mutations and deletions lead to hepatocerebral mitochondrial DNA deletion syndrome. However, its potential role in reproduction remains largely unknown. In this study, we find that Dguok knockout results in female infertility. Mechanistically, DGUOK deficiency hinders ovarian development and oocyte maturation. Moreover, DGUOK deficiency in oocytes causes a significant reduction in mitochondrial DNA copy number and abnormal mitochondrial dynamics and impairs germinal vesicle breakdown. Only few DGUOK-deficient oocytes can extrude their first polar body during in vitro maturation, and these oocytes exhibit irregular chromosome arrangements and different spindle lengths. In addition, DGUOK deficiency elevates reactive oxygen species levels and accelerates oocyte apoptosis. Our findings reveal novel physiological roles for the mitochondrial nucleoside salvage pathway in oocyte maturation and implicate DGUOK as a potential marker for the diagnosis of female infertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yake Gao
- Center for Life SciencesYunnan Key Laboratory of Cell Metabolism and DiseasesState Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in YunnanSchool of Life SciencesYunnan UniversityKunming650091China
| | - Rui Dong
- Center for Life SciencesYunnan Key Laboratory of Cell Metabolism and DiseasesState Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in YunnanSchool of Life SciencesYunnan UniversityKunming650091China
| | - Jiacong Yan
- Department of Reproductive Medicinethe First People’s Hospital of Yunnan ProvinceNHC Key Laboratory of Preconception Health Birth in Western ChinaKunming650100China
| | - Huicheng Chen
- Center for Life SciencesYunnan Key Laboratory of Cell Metabolism and DiseasesState Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in YunnanSchool of Life SciencesYunnan UniversityKunming650091China
| | - Lei Sang
- Center for Life SciencesYunnan Key Laboratory of Cell Metabolism and DiseasesState Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in YunnanSchool of Life SciencesYunnan UniversityKunming650091China
| | - Xinyi Yao
- Center for Life SciencesYunnan Key Laboratory of Cell Metabolism and DiseasesState Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in YunnanSchool of Life SciencesYunnan UniversityKunming650091China
| | - Die Fan
- Center for Life SciencesYunnan Key Laboratory of Cell Metabolism and DiseasesState Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in YunnanSchool of Life SciencesYunnan UniversityKunming650091China
| | - Xin Wang
- Center for Life SciencesYunnan Key Laboratory of Cell Metabolism and DiseasesState Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in YunnanSchool of Life SciencesYunnan UniversityKunming650091China
| | - Xiaoyuan Zuo
- Center for Life SciencesYunnan Key Laboratory of Cell Metabolism and DiseasesState Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in YunnanSchool of Life SciencesYunnan UniversityKunming650091China
| | - Xu Zhang
- Center for Life SciencesYunnan Key Laboratory of Cell Metabolism and DiseasesState Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in YunnanSchool of Life SciencesYunnan UniversityKunming650091China
| | - Shengyu Yang
- Department of Cellular and Molecular PhysiologyThe Penn State University College of MedicineHersheyPA17033USA
| | - Ze Wu
- Department of Reproductive Medicinethe First People’s Hospital of Yunnan ProvinceNHC Key Laboratory of Preconception Health Birth in Western ChinaKunming650100China
| | - Jianwei Sun
- Center for Life SciencesYunnan Key Laboratory of Cell Metabolism and DiseasesState Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in YunnanSchool of Life SciencesYunnan UniversityKunming650091China
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48
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Chustecki JM, Johnston IG. Collective mitochondrial dynamics resolve conflicting cellular tensions: From plants to general principles. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2024; 156:253-265. [PMID: 38043948 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2023.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondria play diverse and essential roles in eukaryotic cells, and plants are no exception. Plant mitochondria have several differences from their metazoan and fungal cousins: they often exist in a fragmented state, move rapidly on actin rather than microtubules, have many plant-specific metabolic features and roles, and usually contain only a subset of the complete mtDNA genome, which itself undergoes frequent recombination. This arrangement means that exchange and complementation is essential for plant mitochondria, and recent work has begun to reveal how their collective dynamics and resultant "social networks" of encounters support this exchange, connecting plant mitochondria in time rather than in space. This review will argue that this social network perspective can be extended to a "societal network", where mitochondrial dynamics are an essential part of the interacting cellular society of organelles and biomolecules. Evidence is emerging that mitochondrial dynamics allow optimal resolutions to competing cellular priorities; we will survey this evidence and review potential future research directions, highlighting that plant mitochondria can help reveal and test principles that apply across other kingdoms of life. In parallel with this fundamental cell biology, we also highlight the translational "One Health" importance of plant mitochondrial behaviour - which is exploited in the production of a vast amount of crops consumed worldwide - and the potential for multi-objective optimisation to understand and rationally re-engineer the evolved resolutions to these tensions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna M Chustecki
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA
| | - Iain G Johnston
- Department of Mathematics, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway; Computational Biology Unit, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.
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49
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Dobner J, Nguyen T, Dunkel A, Prigione A, Krutmann J, Rossi A. Mitochondrial DNA integrity and metabolome profile are preserved in the human induced pluripotent stem cell reference line KOLF2.1J. Stem Cell Reports 2024; 19:343-350. [PMID: 38402620 PMCID: PMC10937150 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2024.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Quality control of human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) is critical to ensure reproducibility of research. Recently, KOLF2.1J was characterized and published as a male iPSC reference line to study neurological disorders. Emerging evidence suggests potential negative effects of mtDNA mutations, but its integrity was not analyzed in the original publication. To assess mtDNA integrity, we conducted a targeted mtDNA analysis followed by untargeted metabolomics analysis. We found that KOLF2.1J mtDNA integrity was intact at the time of publication and is still preserved in the commercially distributed cell line. In addition, the basal KOLF2.1J metabolome profile was similar to that of the two commercially available iPSC lines IMR90 and iPSC12, but clearly distinct from an in-house-generated ERCC6R683X/R683X iPSC line modeling Cockayne syndrome. Conclusively, we validate KOLF2.1J as a reference iPSC line, and encourage scientists to conduct mtDNA analysis and unbiased metabolomics whenever feasible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jochen Dobner
- Institut für Umweltmedizinische Forschung (IUF)-Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, Düsseldorf, Germany.
| | - Thach Nguyen
- Institut für Umweltmedizinische Forschung (IUF)-Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Andreas Dunkel
- Leibniz Institute for Food Systems Biology at the Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany
| | - Alessandro Prigione
- Department of General Pediatrics, Neonatology, and Pediatric Cardiology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Jean Krutmann
- Institut für Umweltmedizinische Forschung (IUF)-Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, Düsseldorf, Germany; Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Andrea Rossi
- Institut für Umweltmedizinische Forschung (IUF)-Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, Düsseldorf, Germany.
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50
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Ramalho T, Assis PA, Ojelabi O, Tan L, Carvalho B, Gardinassi L, Campos O, Lorenzi PL, Fitzgerald KA, Haynes C, Golenbock DT, Gazzinelli RT. Itaconate impairs immune control of Plasmodium by enhancing mtDNA-mediated PD-L1 expression in monocyte-derived dendritic cells. Cell Metab 2024; 36:484-497.e6. [PMID: 38325373 PMCID: PMC10940217 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2024.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/14/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Severe forms of malaria are associated with systemic inflammation and host metabolism disorders; however, the interplay between these outcomes is poorly understood. Using a Plasmodium chabaudi model of malaria, we demonstrate that interferon (IFN) γ boosts glycolysis in splenic monocyte-derived dendritic cells (MODCs), leading to itaconate accumulation and disruption in the TCA cycle. Increased itaconate levels reduce mitochondrial functionality, which associates with organellar nucleic acid release and MODC restraint. We hypothesize that dysfunctional mitochondria release degraded DNA into the cytosol. Once mitochondrial DNA is sensitized, the activation of IRF3 and IRF7 promotes the expression of IFN-stimulated genes and checkpoint markers. Indeed, depletion of the STING-IRF3/IRF7 axis reduces PD-L1 expression, enabling activation of CD8+ T cells that control parasite proliferation. In summary, mitochondrial disruption caused by itaconate in MODCs leads to a suppressive effect in CD8+ T cells, which enhances parasitemia. We provide evidence that ACOD1 and itaconate are potential targets for adjunct antimalarial therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theresa Ramalho
- Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA; Department of Molecular Cell and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA.
| | - Patricia A Assis
- Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Ogooluwa Ojelabi
- Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Lin Tan
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, University of Texas MD Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Brener Carvalho
- Instituto René Rachou, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Luiz Gardinassi
- Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil
| | - Osvaldo Campos
- Plataforma de Medicina Translacional, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz/Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirao Preto, Ribeirao Preto, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Philip L Lorenzi
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, University of Texas MD Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Katherine A Fitzgerald
- Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Cole Haynes
- Department of Molecular Cell and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Douglas T Golenbock
- Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Ricardo T Gazzinelli
- Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA; Instituto René Rachou, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Centro de Tecnologia de Vacinas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
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