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Alam P, Balawi TA, Qadir SU, Ahmad P. Gibberellic Acid and Silicon Ameliorate NaCl Toxicity in Brassica juncea: Possible Involvement of Antioxidant System and Ascorbate-Glutathione Cycle. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:1210. [PMID: 36986898 PMCID: PMC10058815 DOI: 10.3390/plants12061210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 02/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
This work was carried out to observe the combined impact of exogenous applications of Gibberellic acid (GA3) and Silicon (Si) on Brassica juncea under salt (NaCl) stress. Application of GA3 and Si enhanced the antioxidant enzyme activities of (APX, CAT, GR, SOD) in B. juncea seedlings under NaCl toxicity. The exogenous Si application decreased Na+ uptake and enhanced the K+ and Ca2+ in salt stressed B. juncea. Moreover, chlorophyll-a (Chl-a), Chlorophyll-b (Chl-b), total chlorophyll (T-Chl), carotenoids and relative water content (RWC) in the leaves declined under salt stress, which were ameorialated after GA3 and Si supplementation individually and in combination. Further, the introduction of Si to NaCl treated B. juncea help in alleviating the negative effects of NaCl toxicity on biomass and biochemical activities. The levels of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) increase significantly with NaCl treatments, subsequently resulting in enhanced peroxidation of membrane lipids (MDA) and electrolyte leakage (EL). The reduced levels of H2O2 and enhanced antioxidantactivities in Si and GA3 supplemented plants demonstrated the stress mitigating efficiency. In conclusion, it was observed that Si and GA3 application alleviated NaCl toxicity in B. juncea plants through enhanced production of different osmolytes and an antioxidant defence mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pravej Alam
- Department of Biology, College of Science and Humanities, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Thamer Al Balawi
- Department of Biology, College of Science and Humanities, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sami Ullah Qadir
- Department of Environmental Sciences Government, College for Women, Udhampur 182101, India
| | - Parvaiz Ahmad
- Department of Botany, Government Degree College, Jammu and Kashmir, Pulwama 192301, India
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El-Aswad AF, Aly MI, Alsahaty SA, Basyony ABA. Efficacy evaluation of some fumigants against Fusarium oxysporum and enhancement of tomato growth as elicitor-induced defense responses. Sci Rep 2023; 13:2479. [PMID: 36774421 PMCID: PMC9922316 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-29033-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Fusarium wilt, the most serious soil-borne pathogen, is a serious problem for tomato production worldwide. The presented study evaluated the antifungal activity against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici in vitro and in vivo for nine fumigants. In addition, the research examined the possibility of enhancing the growth of tomato plants in order to increase resistance against this disease by using four chemical inducers. The results indicated that at 20 mg/L, the radial growth of the pathogen was inhibited 100% by formaldehyde and > 80% by phosphine. Among the essential oils investigated, neem oil was the most effective, however, it only achieved 40.54% at 500 mg/L. The values of EC50 for all fumigants, except dimethyl disulfide (DMDS) and carbon disulfide (CS2), were lower than those for thiophanate-methyl. Phosphine was the highest efficient. The elicitors can be arranged based on their effectiveness, gibberellic acid (GA3) > sorbic acid > cytokinin (6-benzylaminopurine) > indole-3-butyric acid. The change in root length, fresh weight, and dry weight was greater with soil drench than with foliar application. The fumigant generators formaldehyde, phosphine and 1,4-dichlorobenzene and bio-fumigants citrus and neem oils as well as elicitors gibberellic and sorbic acid could be one of the promising alternatives to methyl bromide against Fusarium oxysporum as an important component of integrated management of Fusarium wilt.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed F El-Aswad
- Pesticide Chemistry and Technology Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Alexandria University, El-Shatby, Alexandria, 21545, Egypt.
| | - Maher I Aly
- Pesticide Chemistry and Technology Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Alexandria University, El-Shatby, Alexandria, 21545, Egypt
| | - Sameh A Alsahaty
- Pesticide Chemistry and Technology Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Alexandria University, El-Shatby, Alexandria, 21545, Egypt
| | - Ayman B A Basyony
- Plant Pathology Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
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Metabolic Regulation Analysis of Ajmalicine Biosynthesis Pathway in Catharanthus roseus (L.) G. Don Suspension Culture Using Nanosensor. Processes (Basel) 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/pr8050589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Ajmalicine is one of the most popular antihypertensive drugs obtained from the root barks of Cathranthus roseus (L.) G. Don and Rauvolfia serpentine (L.) Benth. ex Kurz. It has also potential antimicrobial, cytotoxic, central depressant and antioxidant activities. As the demand for the alkaloid is significantly high, metabolic engineering approaches are being tried to increase its production in both homologous and heterologous systems. The metabolic engineering approach requires knowledge of the metabolic regulation of the alkaloid. For understanding the metabolic regulation, fluxomic analysis is important as it helps in understanding the flux of the alkaloid through the complicated metabolic pathway. The present study was conducted to analyse the flux analysis of the ajmalicine biosynthesis, using a genetically encoded Fluorescent Resonance Energy Transfer FRET-based nanosensor for ajmalicine (FLIP-Ajn). Here, we have silenced six important genes of terpenoid indole alkaloid (TIA), namely G10H, 10HGO, TDC, SLS, STR and SDG, through RNA-mediated gene silencing in different batches of C. roseus suspension cells, generating six silenced cell lines. Monitoring of the ajmalicine level was carried out using FLIP-Ajn in these silenced cell lines, with high spatial and temporal resolution. The study offers the rapid, high throughput real-time measurement of ajmalicine flux in response to the silenced TIA genes, thereby identifying the regulatory gene controlling the alkaloid flux in C. roseus suspension cells. We have reported that the STR gene encoding strictosidine synthase of the TIA pathway could be the regulatory gene of the ajmalicine biosynthesis.
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Ahmad A, Ali H, Khan H, Begam A, Khan S, Ali SS, Ahmad N, Fazal H, Ali M, Hano C, Ahmad N, Abbasi BH. Effect of Gibberellic Acid on Production of Biomass, Polyphenolics and Steviol Glycosides in Adventitious Root Cultures of Stevia rebaudiana (Bert.). PLANTS 2020; 9:plants9040420. [PMID: 32235525 PMCID: PMC7238111 DOI: 10.3390/plants9040420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Revised: 03/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In current study, the effect of gibberellic acid was tested for production of biomass, polyphenolics and Steviol glycosides in adventitious root cultures of Stevia rebaudiana. Adventitious cultures were induced from the roots of in vitro grown plantlets on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium containing combination of gibberellic acid (GA3; 0.5, 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0 mg/L) and naphthalene acetic acid (NAA; 0.5 mg/L). Initially, a known mass of inoculum roots were shifted into suspension media augmented with various GA3 concentrations. The growth behavior of adventitious roots was recorded every 3 days for a period of 30 days. Maximum biomass biosynthesis (13.12 g/flask) was noticed in exponential phase on 27th day in the suspension containing 2.0 mg/L of GA3. Other GA3 concentrations also displayed optimum patterns of biomass accumulation as compared to the control. Adventitious roots were investigated for total phenolic content (TPC) and production (TPP), total flavonoid content (TFC) and production (TFP), and 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH)-based antioxidant potential. Maximum phenolics (TPC 9.84 mg gallic acid equivalent (GAE)/g-dry weight (DW)) and TPP (147.6 mg/L), TFC (5.12 mg Quercitin equivalent (QE)/g-DW) and TFP (76.91 mg/L) were observed in 2.0 mg/L GA3 treated cultures. The same concentration of gibberellic acid enhanced antioxidant activity (77.2%). Furthermore, maximum stevioside (7.13 mg/g-DW), rebaudioside-A (0.27 mg/g-DW) and dulcoside-A (0.001 mg/g-DW) were observed in roots exposed to 2.0 mg/L GA3. This is the first report on the application of GA3 on biomass accumulation and secondary metabolite production in S. rebaudiana. The current study will be helpful to scale up the adventitious root cultures in bioreactors for the production of biomass and pharmaceutically important secondary metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashfaq Ahmad
- Centre for Biotechnology and Microbiology, University of Swat, Swat 19200, Pakistan; (A.A.); (H.A.); (H.K.); (A.B.); (S.K.); (S.S.A.); (M.A.)
| | - Haider Ali
- Centre for Biotechnology and Microbiology, University of Swat, Swat 19200, Pakistan; (A.A.); (H.A.); (H.K.); (A.B.); (S.K.); (S.S.A.); (M.A.)
| | - Habiba Khan
- Centre for Biotechnology and Microbiology, University of Swat, Swat 19200, Pakistan; (A.A.); (H.A.); (H.K.); (A.B.); (S.K.); (S.S.A.); (M.A.)
| | - Almas Begam
- Centre for Biotechnology and Microbiology, University of Swat, Swat 19200, Pakistan; (A.A.); (H.A.); (H.K.); (A.B.); (S.K.); (S.S.A.); (M.A.)
| | - Sheraz Khan
- Centre for Biotechnology and Microbiology, University of Swat, Swat 19200, Pakistan; (A.A.); (H.A.); (H.K.); (A.B.); (S.K.); (S.S.A.); (M.A.)
| | - Syed Shujait Ali
- Centre for Biotechnology and Microbiology, University of Swat, Swat 19200, Pakistan; (A.A.); (H.A.); (H.K.); (A.B.); (S.K.); (S.S.A.); (M.A.)
| | - Naveed Ahmad
- Department of Horticulture, The University of Agriculture, Peshawar 25120, Pakistan;
| | - Hina Fazal
- Pakistan Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (PCSIR) Laboratories Complex, Peshawar 25120, Pakistan;
| | - Mohammad Ali
- Centre for Biotechnology and Microbiology, University of Swat, Swat 19200, Pakistan; (A.A.); (H.A.); (H.K.); (A.B.); (S.K.); (S.S.A.); (M.A.)
| | - Christophe Hano
- Université d’Orléans, Laboratoire de Biologie des Ligneux et des Grandes Cultures (LBLGC), INRA USC1328, F28000 Chartres, France;
| | - Nisar Ahmad
- Centre for Biotechnology and Microbiology, University of Swat, Swat 19200, Pakistan; (A.A.); (H.A.); (H.K.); (A.B.); (S.K.); (S.S.A.); (M.A.)
- Correspondence: (N.A.); (B.H.A.)
| | - Bilal Haider Abbasi
- Department of Biotechnology, Quaid-i-Azam University Islamabad, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
- Correspondence: (N.A.); (B.H.A.)
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Seed pretreatment and salt tolerance of dill: Osmolyte accumulation, antioxidant enzymes activities and essence production. BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2017.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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6
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Aziz S, Saha K, Sultana N, Nur HP, Ahsan MA, Ahmed S, Hossain MK. Comparative studies of elemental composition in leaves and flowers of Catharanthus roseus growing in Bangladesh. Asian Pac J Trop Biomed 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apjtb.2015.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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7
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Hodgetts J, Crossley D, Dickinson M. Techniques for the maintenance and propagation of phytoplasmas in glasshouse collections of Catharanthus roseus. Methods Mol Biol 2013; 938:15-32. [PMID: 22987402 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-62703-089-2_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Phytoplasma collections are a vital resource for researchers and diagnosticians studying phytoplasma diseases. They provide material as a point of reference and a research tool to increase our understanding of phytoplasmas and the diseases they cause. This chapter describes the techniques required to create and maintain collections of phytoplasma-infected Catharanthus roseus (Madagascar periwinkle).
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Debnath M, Pandey M, Bisen PS. An omics approach to understand the plant abiotic stress. OMICS-A JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE BIOLOGY 2012; 15:739-62. [PMID: 22122668 DOI: 10.1089/omi.2010.0146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Abiotic stress can lead to changes in development, productivity, and severe stress and may even threaten survival of plants. Several environmental stresses cause drastic changes in the growth, physiology, and metabolism of plants leading to the increased accumulation of secondary metabolites. As medicinal plants are important sources of drugs, steps are taken to understand the effect of stress on the physiology, biochemistry, genomic, proteomic, and metabolic levels. The molecular responses of plants to abiotic stress are often considered as a complex process. They are mainly based on the modulation of transcriptional activity of stress-related genes. Many genes have been induced under stress conditions. The products of stress-inducible genes protecting against these stresses includes the enzymes responsible for the synthesis of various osmoprotectants. Genetic engineering of tolerance to abiotic stresses help in molecular understanding of pathways induced in response to one or more of the abiotic stresses. Systems biology and virtual experiments allow visualizing and understanding how plants work to overcome abiotic stress. This review discusses the omic approach to understand the plant response to abiotic stress with special emphasis on medicinal plant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mousumi Debnath
- Department of Biotechnology, Central University of Rajasthan, Kishangarh, India.
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Ahmad P, Jaleel CA, Salem MA, Nabi G, Sharma S. Roles of enzymatic and nonenzymatic antioxidants in plants during abiotic stress. Crit Rev Biotechnol 2010; 30:161-75. [PMID: 20214435 DOI: 10.3109/07388550903524243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 478] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are produced in plants as byproducts during many metabolic reactions, such as photosynthesis and respiration. Oxidative stress occurs when there is a serious imbalance between the production of ROS and antioxidant defense. Generation of ROS causes rapid cell damage by triggering a chain reaction. Cells have evolved an elaborate system of enzymatic and nonenzymatic antioxidants which help to scavenge these indigenously generated ROS. Various enzymes involved in ROS-scavenging have been manipulated, over expressed or downregulated to add to the present knowledge and understanding the role of the antioxidant systems. The present article reviews the manipulation of enzymatic and nonenzymatic antioxidants in plants to enhance the environmental stress tolerance and also throws light on ROS and redox signaling, calcium signaling, and ABA signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parvaiz Ahmad
- Biochemistry laboratory, CRDT, Indian Institute of Technology, Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110016, India.
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11
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Mansouri H, Asrar Z, Mehrabani M. Effects of gibberellic acid on primary terpenoids and delta-tetrahydrocannabinol in Cannabis sativa at flowering stage. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY 2009; 51:553-61. [PMID: 19522814 DOI: 10.1111/j.1744-7909.2009.00833.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Plants synthesize an astonishing diversity of isoprenoids, some of which play essential roles in photosynthesis, respiration, and the regulation of growth and development. Two independent pathways for the biosynthesis of isoprenoid precursors coexist within the plant cell: the cytosolic mevalonic acid (MVA) pathway and the plastidial methylerythritol phosphate (MEP) pathway. However, little is known about the effects of plant hormones on the regulation of these pathways. In the present study we investigated the effect of gibberellic acid (GA(3)) on changes in the amounts of many produced terpenoids and the activity of the key enzymes, 1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate synthase (DXS) and 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase (HMGR), in these pathways. Our results showed GA(3) caused a decrease in DXS activity in both sexes that it was accompanied by a decrease in chlorophylls, carotenoids and Delta(9)-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) contents and an increase in alpha-tocopherol content. The treated plants with GA(3) showed an increase in HMGR activity. This increase in HMGR activity was followed by accumulation of stigmasterol and beta-sitosterol in male and female plants and campestrol in male plants. The pattern of the changes in the amounts of sterols was exactly similar to the changes in the HMGR activity. These data suggest that GA(3) can probably influence the MEP and MVA pathways oppositely, with stimulatory and inhibitory effects on the produced primary terpenoids in MVA and DXS pathways, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hakimeh Mansouri
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Shahid Bahonar University, Kerman, Iran.
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12
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ABA and GA3 affect the growth and pigment composition in Andrographis paniculata Wall.ex Nees., an important folk herb. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.1007/s11515-009-0018-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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13
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Traditional and non-traditional plant growth regulators alters phytochemical constituents in Catharanthus roseus. Process Biochem 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2008.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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14
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Vijayakumar R, Zhao CX, Gopal R, Jaleel CA. Non-enzymatic and enzymatic antioxidant variations in tender and mature leaves of Strychnos nux-vomica L. (Family: Loganiaceae). C R Biol 2008; 332:52-7. [PMID: 19200926 DOI: 10.1016/j.crvi.2008.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2008] [Revised: 09/02/2008] [Accepted: 09/12/2008] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
In the present investigation, Strychnos nux-vomica, an important plant used in traditional medicine, was evaluated for its antioxidant potential. The antioxidant potentials were examined in terms of non-enzymatic antioxidant molecules and activities of antioxidant enzymes. The non-enzymatic antioxidant molecules studied were ascorbic acid, alpha-tocopherol and reduced glutathione. The estimated antioxidant enzymes were superoxide dismutase, ascorbate peroxidase, catalase, peroxidase and polyphenol oxidase. The analyses were carried out in the field-collected leaf samples. It was found that plant contained a significant quantity of non-enzymatic and enzymatic antioxidants in the leaves. These findings have high significance in the pharmacological industry; however, a detailed investigation is needed to confirm this conclusion, by radical scavenging ability, which is underway in our laboratory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Remya Vijayakumar
- Division of Toxicology, Department of Zoology, Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar, Tamil Nadu, India
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15
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Jaleel CA, Gopi R, Manivannan P, Gomathinayagam M, Hong-Bo S, Zhao CX, Panneerselvam R. Endogenous hormonal and enzymatic responses of Catharanthus roseus with triadimefon application under water deficits. C R Biol 2008; 331:844-52. [DOI: 10.1016/j.crvi.2008.07.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2008] [Revised: 07/16/2008] [Accepted: 07/22/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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16
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Osmoregulation and antioxidant metabolism in drought-stressed Helianthus annuus under triadimefon drenching. C R Biol 2008; 331:418-25. [PMID: 18510994 DOI: 10.1016/j.crvi.2008.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2007] [Revised: 03/17/2008] [Accepted: 03/20/2008] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A pot-culture experiment was conducted to estimate the ameliorating effect of triadimefon (TDM) on drought stress in sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) plants. The plants were subjected to 3-, 6-, and 9-day-interval drought (DID) stress and drought stress with TDM @ 15 mg l(-1) and 15 mg l(-1) TDM alone from the 30th day after sowing (DAS). One-day-interval irrigation was kept as control. The plant samples were collected on and separated into root, stem and leaf for estimating the amino acid (AA), proline (PRO) and glycine betaine (GB) contents and the activities of antioxidant enzymes. Individual and combined drought stress and TDM treatments increased AA, PRO and GB contents, superoxide dismutase (SOD), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), catalase (CAT), and polyphenol oxidase (PPO) activities when compared to control. From the results of this investigation, it can be concluded that the application of TDM caused a partial amelioration of the adverse effects of drought stress by its influence on quaternary ammonium compounds and antioxidant potentials in H. annuus plants.
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Kishorekumar A, Jaleel CA, Manivannan P, Sankar B, Sridharan R, Murali PV, Panneerselvam R. Comparative effects of different triazole compounds on antioxidant metabolism of Solenostemon rotundifolius. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2008; 62:307-11. [PMID: 18065211 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2007.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2007] [Revised: 10/20/2007] [Accepted: 10/29/2007] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The effect of different triazole compounds, viz., triadimefon (TDM) and hexaconazole (HEX) treatments on the antioxidant metabolism of Solenostemon rotundifolius Poir., Morton plants was investigated in the present study under pot culture. Plants were treated with TDM at 15 mg l(-1) and HEX at 10 mg l(-1) separately by soil drenching on 80, 110 and 140 days after planting (DAP). The plants were harvested randomly on 90, 120 and 150 DAP for determining the effect of both the triazoles on non-enzymatic antioxidant contents like ascorbic acid (AA), reduced glutathione (GSH) and alpha-tocopherol (alpha-toc), activities of antioxidant enzymes like superoxide dismutase (SOD) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX). All the analyses were made in leaf, stem and tubers of both control and treated plants. It was found that both these triazole compounds have profound effects on the antioxidant metabolism and caused an enhancement in both non-enzymatic and enzymatic antioxidant potentials under treatments. These results suggest that, the application of triazoles may be a useful tool to increase the antioxidant production in S. rotundifolius and thereby make it an economical food crop.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Kishorekumar
- Stress Physiology Lab, Department of Botany, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar 608002, Tamil Nadu, India.
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Jaleel CA, Gopi R, Panneerselvam R. Growth and photosynthetic pigments responses of two varieties of Catharanthus roseus to triadimefon treatment. C R Biol 2008; 331:272-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.crvi.2008.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2007] [Revised: 01/08/2008] [Accepted: 01/16/2008] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Water deficit stress effects on reactive oxygen metabolism in Catharanthus roseus; impacts on ajmalicine accumulation. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2008; 62:105-11. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2007.09.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2007] [Revised: 09/18/2007] [Accepted: 09/21/2007] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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20
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Jaleel CA, Manivannan P, Lakshmanan G, Gomathinayagam M, Panneerselvam R. Alterations in morphological parameters and photosynthetic pigment responses of Catharanthus roseus under soil water deficits. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2008; 61:298-303. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2007.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2007] [Revised: 08/05/2007] [Accepted: 09/04/2007] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Alterations in lipid peroxidation, electrolyte leakage, and proline metabolism in Catharanthus roseus under treatment with triadimefon, a systemic fungicide. C R Biol 2007; 330:905-12. [DOI: 10.1016/j.crvi.2007.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2007] [Revised: 10/01/2007] [Accepted: 10/02/2007] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Jaleel CA, Gopi R, Manivannan P, Gomathinayagam M, Sridharan R, Panneerselvam R. Antioxidant potential and indole alkaloid profile variations with water deficits along different parts of two varieties of Catharanthus roseus. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2007; 62:312-8. [PMID: 18068339 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2007.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2007] [Revised: 10/21/2007] [Accepted: 10/29/2007] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The variations in antioxidant potentials and indole alkaloid content were studied in the present investigation, in two varieties (rosea and alba) of Catharanthus roseus, an important herb used in traditional as well as modern medicine, exposed to water deficit stress. The antioxidant and alkaloid profiles were estimated from root, stem, leaf, flowers and pods. The antioxidant potentials were examined in terms of non-enzymatic antioxidant molecules and activities of antioxidant enzymes. The non-enzymatic antioxidant molecules studied were ascorbic acid (AA), alpha-tocopherol (alpha-toc) and reduced glutathione (GSH). The estimated antioxidant enzymes were superoxide dismutase (SOD), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POX) and polyphenol oxidase (PPO). The antioxidant concentrations and activities of antioxidant enzymes were high under water deficit stress in all parts of the plants. Indole alkaloid content was high in the roots of rosea variety in response to stress when compared to alba variety.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Abdul Jaleel
- Stress Physiology Lab, Department of Botany, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar 608002, Tamil Nadu, India.
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Jaleel CA, Manivannan P, Gomathinayagam M, Sridharan R, Panneerselvam R. Responses of antioxidant potentials in Dioscorea rotundata Poir. following paclobutrazol drenching. C R Biol 2007; 330:798-805. [DOI: 10.1016/j.crvi.2007.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2007] [Revised: 08/15/2007] [Accepted: 08/17/2007] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Jaleel CA, Manivannan P, Sankar B, Kishorekumar A, Gopi R, Somasundaram R, Panneerselvam R. Induction of drought stress tolerance by ketoconazole in Catharanthus roseus is mediated by enhanced antioxidant potentials and secondary metabolite accumulation. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2007; 60:201-6. [PMID: 17643970 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2007.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2007] [Revised: 06/06/2007] [Accepted: 06/11/2007] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
A pot culture experiment was conducted to estimate the drought stress mitigating effect of ketoconazole (KCZ), a fungicide cum plant growth regulator, in Catharanthus roseus plants. The plants under pot culture were subjected to drought stress and drought stress with KCZ from 30 days after sowing (DAS) and regular irrigation was kept as control. Antioxidant contents and activities of antioxidant enzymes were estimated from root, stem and leaf of both control and treated plants. The alkaloid ajmalicine was extracted and estimated from the roots of control, drought stressed and KCZ treated plants. Individual and combined drought stress and KCZ treatments increased ascorbic acid, alpha-tocopherol contents, superoxide dismutase, ascorbate peroxidase, catalase and polyphenol oxidase activities when compared to control. There was a significant enhancement in ajmalicine production under KCZ treated plants under drought stress when compared to well watered control as well as drought stressed plants. The KCZ treatment resulted in partial mitigation of drought stress by increasing the antioxidant potentials in C. roseus plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Abdul Jaleel
- Stress Physiology Lab, Department of Botany, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar 608002, Tamilnadu, India.
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Lakshmanan GMA, Jaleel CA, Gomathinayagam M, Panneerselvam R. Changes in antioxidant potential and sink-organ dry matter with pigment accumulation induced by hexaconazole in Plectranthus forskholii Briq. C R Biol 2007; 330:814-20. [DOI: 10.1016/j.crvi.2007.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2007] [Revised: 08/16/2007] [Accepted: 08/17/2007] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Manivannan P, Jaleel CA, Kishorekumar A, Sankar B, Somasundaram R, Panneerselvam R. Protection of Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp. plants from salt stress by paclobutrazol. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2007; 61:315-8. [PMID: 17961996 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2007.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2007] [Revised: 08/11/2007] [Accepted: 09/04/2007] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
A pot culture experiment was conducted to estimate the stress ameliorating ability of paclobutrazol, a triazole fungicide in Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp. plants. Treatments were given as 80 mM NaCl, 80 mM NaCl+15 mg l(-1) paclobutrazol and 15 mg l(-1) paclobutrazol alone. The samples were collected on 60 and 80 days after sowing (DAS). NaCl stress inhibited the root and stem length, total leaf area, fresh weight (FW), dry weight (DW) and activities of antioxidant enzymes like superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and peroxidase (POX). Plants treated with NaCl with paclobutrazol increased these parameters to a larger extent when compared to NaCl stressed plants. The results showed that the paclobutrazol significantly ameliorated the adverse effects of NaCl stress in V. unguiculata plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Manivannan
- Division of Plant Physiology, Department of Botany, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar 608002, Tamil Nadu, India.
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