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Liu D, Liu G, Liu S. Promising Application, Efficient Production, and Genetic Basis of Mannosylerythritol Lipids. Biomolecules 2024; 14:557. [PMID: 38785964 PMCID: PMC11117751 DOI: 10.3390/biom14050557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2024] [Revised: 05/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Mannosylerythritol lipids (MELs) are a class of glycolipids that have been receiving increasing attention in recent years due to their diverse biological activities. MELs are produced by certain fungi and display a range of bioactivities, making them attractive candidates for various applications in medicine, agriculture, and biotechnology. Despite their remarkable qualities, industrial-scale production of MELs remains a challenge for fungal strains. Excellent fungal strains and fermentation processes are essential for the efficient production of MELs, so efforts have been made to improve the fermentation yield by screening high-yielding strains, optimizing fermentation conditions, and improving product purification processes. The availability of the genome sequence is pivotal for elucidating the genetic basis of fungal MEL biosynthesis. This review aims to shed light on the applications of MELs and provide insights into the genetic basis for efficient MEL production. Additionally, this review offers new perspectives on optimizing MEL production, contributing to the advancement of sustainable biosurfactant technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dun Liu
- College of Marine Life Science, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China;
| | - Guanglei Liu
- College of Marine Life Science, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China;
| | - Shiping Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400716, China
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Coelho ALS, Laroque DA, Feuser PE, de Andrade CJ, Carciofi BAM, de Oliveira D. Effects of Mannosylerythritol-Lipids-B on Cutibacterium acnes ATCC 6919. Indian J Microbiol 2024; 64:225-228. [PMID: 38468738 PMCID: PMC10924808 DOI: 10.1007/s12088-023-01169-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 03/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Mannosylerythritol-lipids-B (MEL-B) are microbial-produced glycolipids with skincare properties, notably moisturizing, antimelanogenic, antimicrobial, and antiaging. Thus, there is a potential use of MEL-B in a formulation for treating acne-prone skin. This study investigated the antimicrobial effect of MEL-B against the Gram-positive bacteria Cutibacterium acnes. The broth macro dilution method was used to evaluate the growth of C. acnes (3-4 CFU/mL), in the absence (positive control) or presence of MEL-B (128, 192, 256, and 512 μg/mL). Additionally, the leakage of genetic materials was used to determine the potential drug-induced membrane disruption of glycolipids. The amount of DNA and RNA release was quantified spectrophotometrically at 260 nm. Macro dilution technique and membrane integrity experiments showed that MEL-B does not have antimicrobial activity against C. acnes. Indeed, MEL-B assisted C. acnes growth. Ultimately, MEL-B has been reported as a remarkably active compound for skincare formulations; however, preliminarily, it should be avoided for acneic skin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana L. S. Coelho
- Department of Chemical and Food Engineering, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC 88040-900 Brazil
| | - Denise A. Laroque
- Department of Chemical and Food Engineering, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC 88040-900 Brazil
| | - Paulo E. Feuser
- Department of Chemical and Food Engineering, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC 88040-900 Brazil
| | - Cristiano J. de Andrade
- Department of Chemical and Food Engineering, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC 88040-900 Brazil
| | - Bruno A. M. Carciofi
- Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, University of California, Davis, CA 95616 USA
| | - Débora de Oliveira
- Department of Chemical and Food Engineering, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC 88040-900 Brazil
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Valkenburg AD, Ncube MZ, Teke GM, van Rensburg E, Pott RWM. A review on the upstream production and downstream purification of mannosylerythritol lipids. Biotechnol Bioeng 2024; 121:853-876. [PMID: 38108218 DOI: 10.1002/bit.28625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Biosurfactants are natural compounds with remarkable surface-active properties that may offer an eco-friendly alternative to conventional surfactants. Among them, mannosylerythritol lipids (MELs) stand out as an intriguing example of a glycolipid biosurfactant. MELs have been used in a variety of sectors for various applications, and are currently commercially produced. Industrially, they are used in the pharmaceutical, cosmetic, food, and agricultural industries, based on their ability to reduce surface tension and enhance emulsification. However, despite their utility, their production is comparatively limited industrially. From a bioprocessing standpoint, two areas of interest to improve the production process are upstream production and downstream (separation and purification) product recovery. The former has seen a significant amount of research, with researchers investigating several production factors: the microbial species or strain employed, the producing media composition, and the production strategy implemented. Improvement and optimization of these are key to scale-up the production of MELs. On the other hand, the latter has seen comparatively limited work presented in the literature. For the most part traditional separation techniques have been employed. This systematic review presents the production and purification methodologies used by researchers by comprehensively analyzing the current state-of-the-art with regards the production, separation, and purification of MELs. By doing so, the review presents different possible approaches, and highlights some potential areas for future work by identifying opportunities for the commercialization of MELs.
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Affiliation(s)
- André D Valkenburg
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | - Mellisa Z Ncube
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | - George M Teke
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | - Eugéne van Rensburg
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | - Robert W M Pott
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa
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Miao Y, To MH, Siddiqui MA, Wang H, Lodens S, Chopra SS, Kaur G, Roelants SLKW, Lin CSK. Sustainable biosurfactant production from secondary feedstock-recent advances, process optimization and perspectives. Front Chem 2024; 12:1327113. [PMID: 38312346 PMCID: PMC10834756 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2024.1327113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Biosurfactants have garnered increased attention lately due to their superiority of their properties over fossil-derived counterparts. While the cost of production remains a significant hurdle to surpass synthetic surfactants, biosurfactants have been anticipated to gain a larger market share in the coming decades. Among these, glycolipids, a type of low-molecular-weight biosurfactant, stand out for their efficacy in reducing surface and interfacial tension, which made them highly sought-after for various surfactant-related applications. Glycolipids are composed of hydrophilic carbohydrate moieties linked to hydrophobic fatty acid chains through ester bonds that mainly include rhamnolipids, trehalose lipids, sophorolipids, and mannosylerythritol lipids. This review highlights the current landscape of glycolipids and covers specific glycolipid productivity and the diverse range of products found in the global market. Applications such as bioremediation, food processing, petroleum refining, biomedical uses, and increasing agriculture output have been discussed. Additionally, the latest advancements in production cost reduction for glycolipid and the challenges of utilizing second-generation feedstocks for sustainable production are also thoroughly examined. Overall, this review proposes a balance between environmental advantages, economic viability, and societal benefits through the optimized integration of secondary feedstocks in biosurfactant production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yahui Miao
- School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, China
| | - Ming Ho To
- School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, China
| | - Muhammad Ahmar Siddiqui
- School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, China
- Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Control and Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Kowloon, China
| | - Huaimin Wang
- McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering, Cockrell School of Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, United States
| | - Sofie Lodens
- Bio Base Europe Pilot Plant, Ghent, Belgium
- Centre for Industrial Biotechnology and Biocatalysis (InBio.be), Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Shauhrat S Chopra
- School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, China
| | - Guneet Kaur
- School of Engineering, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Sophie L K W Roelants
- Bio Base Europe Pilot Plant, Ghent, Belgium
- Centre for Industrial Biotechnology and Biocatalysis (InBio.be), Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Carol Sze Ki Lin
- School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, China
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Liu S, Gu S, Shi Y, Chen Q. Alleviative effects of mannosylerythritol lipid-A on the deterioration of internal structure and quality in frozen dough and corresponding steamed bread. Food Chem 2024; 431:137122. [PMID: 37573742 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.137122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
The effects of mannosylerythritol lipid-A (MEL-A) on the quality of frozen dough and corresponding steamed bread were investigated. The results revealed that the rheological properties of frozen dough were improved with the increment of MEL-A (0%-2.0%). Adding 1.5% and 2% MEL-A significantly reduced the moisture migration and enhanced the water-holding capacity of the frozen dough. Microstructure observation demonstrated that high levels of MEL-A enabled more starch granules to be embedded in the dough network. A series of product quality assessments illustrated that frozen dough steamed bread containing 2.0% of MEL-A had the largest specific volume (2.981 mL/g), the highest springiness (77.47%), more uniform and porous crumb structure. Moreover, MEL-A exhibited a positive effect on steamed bread's flavor profile, which was explored for the first time in this study. Hence, these results suggested that MEL-A has promising applications as a novel dough improver in the food industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyu Liu
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Future Food Laboratory, Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta, Zhejiang University, Jiaxing 314102, China
| | - Simin Gu
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Ying Shi
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Qihe Chen
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Future Food Laboratory, Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta, Zhejiang University, Jiaxing 314102, China.
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