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Molina-Peñate E, Artola A, Sánchez A. Exploring biorefinery alternatives for biowaste valorization: a techno-economic assessment of enzymatic hydrolysis coupled with anaerobic digestion or solid-state fermentation for high-value bioproducts. Bioengineered 2024; 15:2307668. [PMID: 38265757 PMCID: PMC10810166 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2024.2307668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 01/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Enzymatic hydrolysis of organic waste is gaining relevance as a complementary technology to conventional biological treatments. Moreover, biorefineries are emerging as a sustainable scenario to integrate waste valorization and high-value bioproducts production. However, their application on municipal solid waste is still limited. This study systematically evaluates the techno-economic feasibility of the conversion of the organic fraction of municipal solid waste (OFMSW) into high-value bioproducts through enzymatic hydrolysis. Two key variables are examined: (a) the source of the enzymes: commercial or on-site produced using OFMSW, and (b) the treatment of the solid hydrolyzate fraction: solid-state fermentation (SSF) for the production of biopesticides or anaerobic digestion for the production of energy. As a result, four different biorefinery scenarios are generated and compared in terms of profitability. Results showed that the most profitable scenario was to produce enzymes on-site and valorize the solid fraction via SSF, with an internal rate of return of 13%. This scenario led to higher profit margins (74%) and a reduced payback time (6 years), in contrast with commercial enzymes that led to an unprofitable biorefinery. Also, the simultaneous production of higher-value bioproducts and energy reduced the economic dependence of OFMSW treatment on policy instruments while remaining energetically self-sufficient. The profitability of the biorefinery scenarios evaluated was heavily dependent on the enzyme price and the efficiency of the anaerobic digestion process, highlighting the importance of cost-efficient enzyme production alternatives and high-quality OFMSW. This paper contributes to understanding the potential role of enzymes in future OFMSW biorefineries and offers economical insights on different configurations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esther Molina-Peñate
- GICOM Research Group, Department of Chemical, Biological and Environmental Engineering, School of Engineering, Edifici Q, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Adriana Artola
- GICOM Research Group, Department of Chemical, Biological and Environmental Engineering, School of Engineering, Edifici Q, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Antoni Sánchez
- GICOM Research Group, Department of Chemical, Biological and Environmental Engineering, School of Engineering, Edifici Q, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
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2
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Al-Hammadi M, Güngörmüşler M. New insights into Chlorella vulgaris applications. Biotechnol Bioeng 2024; 121:1486-1502. [PMID: 38343183 DOI: 10.1002/bit.28666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
Environmental pollution is a big challenge that has been faced by humans in contemporary life. In this context, fossil fuel, cement production, and plastic waste pose a direct threat to the environment and biodiversity. One of the prominent solutions is the use of renewable sources, and different organisms to valorize wastes into green energy and bioplastics such as polylactic acid. Chlorella vulgaris, a microalgae, is a promising candidate to resolve these issues due to its ease of cultivation, fast growth, carbon dioxide uptake, and oxygen production during its growth on wastewater along with biofuels, and other productions. Thus, in this article, we focused on the potential of Chlorella vulgaris to be used in wastewater treatment, biohydrogen, biocement, biopolymer, food additives, and preservation, biodiesel which is seen to be the most promising for industrial scale, and related biorefineries with the most recent applications with a brief review of Chlorella and polylactic acid market size to realize the technical/nontechnical reasons behind the cost and obstacles that hinder the industrial production for the mentioned applications. We believe that our findings are important for those who are interested in scientific/financial research about microalgae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Al-Hammadi
- Division of Bioengineering, Graduate School, Izmir University of Economics, Izmir, Türkiye
| | - Mine Güngörmüşler
- Department of Genetics and Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Izmir University of Economics, Izmir, Türkiye
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3
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Ranieri R, Candeliere F, Sola L, Leonardi A, Rossi M, Amaretti A, Raimondi S. Production of arabitol from glycerol by immobilized cells of Wickerhamomyces anomalus WC 1501. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2024; 12:1375937. [PMID: 38659644 PMCID: PMC11039890 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2024.1375937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Polyalcohols such as arabitol are among the main targets of biorefineries aiming to upcycle wastes and cheap substrates. In previous works Wickerhamomyces anomalus WC 1501 emerged as an excellent arabitol producer utilizing glycerol. Arabitol production by this strain is not growth associated, therefore, in this study, pre-grown cells were entrapped in calcium alginate beads (AB) and utilized for glycerol transformation to arabitol. Flasks experiments aimed to assess the medium composition (i.e., the concentration of inorganic and organic nitrogen sources and phosphates) and to establish the appropriate carrier-to-medium proportion. In flasks, under the best conditions of ammonium limitation and the carrier:medium ratio of 1:3 (w/v), 82.7 g/L glycerol were consumed in 168 h, yielding 31.2 g/L arabitol, with a conversion of 38% and volumetric productivity of 186 mg/mL/h. The process with immobilized cells was transferred to laboratory scale bioreactors with different configurations: stirred tank (STR), packed bed (PBR), fluidized bed (FBR), and airlift (ALR) bioreactors. The STR experienced oxygen limitation due to the need to maintain low stirring to preserve AB integrity and performed worse than flasks. Limitations in diffusion and mass transfer of oxygen and/or nutrients characterized also the PBR and the FBR and were partially relieved only in ALR, where 89.4 g/L glycerol were consumed in 168 h, yielding 38.1 g/L arabitol, with a conversion of 42% and volumetric productivity of 227 mg/mL/h. When the ALR was supplied with successive pulses of concentrated glycerol to replenish the glycerol as it was being consumed, 117 g/L arabitol were generated in 500 h, consuming a total of 285 g/L glycerol, with a 41% and 234 mg/L/h. The study strongly supports the potential of W. anomalus WC 1501 for efficient glycerol-to-arabitol conversion using immobilized cells. While the yeast shows promise by remaining viable and active for extended periods, further optimization is required, especially regarding mixing and oxygenation. Improving the stability of the immobilization process is also crucial for reusing pre-grown cells in multiple cycles, reducing dead times, biomass production costs, and enhancing the economic feasibility of the process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raffaella Ranieri
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Francesco Candeliere
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Laura Sola
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Alan Leonardi
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Maddalena Rossi
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
- Biogest-Siteia, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Alberto Amaretti
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
- Biogest-Siteia, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Stefano Raimondi
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
- Biogest-Siteia, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
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Lee SH, Park SH, Park H. Assessing the Feasibility of Biorefineries for a Sustainable Citrus Waste Management in Korea. Molecules 2024; 29:1589. [PMID: 38611868 PMCID: PMC11013942 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29071589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Revised: 03/30/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Citrus fruits are one of the most widely used fruits around the world and are used as raw fruits, but are also processed into products such as beverages, and large amounts of by-products and waste are generated in this process. Globally, disposal of citrus waste (CW) through simple landfilling or ocean dumping can result in soil and groundwater contamination, which can negatively impact ecosystem health. The case of Korea is not much different in that these wastes are simply buried or recycled wastes are used as livestock feed additives. However, there are many reports that CW, which is a waste, has high potential to produce a variety of products that can minimize environmental load and increase added value through appropriate waste management. In this study, we aim to explore the latest developments in the evaluation and valorization of the growing CW green technologies in an effort to efficiently and environmentally transform these CW for resource recovery, sustainability, and economic benefits. Recent research strategies on integrated biorefinery approaches have confirmed that CW can be converted into various bioproducts such as enzymes, biofuels and biopolymers, further contributing to energy security. It was found that more efforts are needed to scale up green recovery technologies and achieve diverse product profiling to achieve zero waste levels and industrial viability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang-Hwan Lee
- Technical Research Institute, Jeju BioRefine, Jeju 63148, Republic of Korea;
| | - Seong Hee Park
- Technical Research Institute, Fine Korea Corp., Seoul 07294, Republic of Korea;
| | - Hyun Park
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
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Wang H, Chen Y, Yang Z, Deng H, Liu Y, Wei P, Zhu Z, Jiang L. Metabolic and Bioprocess Engineering of Clostridium tyrobutyricum for Butyl Butyrate Production on Xylose and Shrimp Shell Waste. Foods 2024; 13:1009. [PMID: 38611315 PMCID: PMC11011809 DOI: 10.3390/foods13071009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/24/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Microbial conversion of agri-food waste to valuable compounds offers a sustainable route to develop the bioeconomy and contribute to sustainable biorefinery. Clostridium tyrobutyricum displays a series of native traits suitable for high productivity conversion of agri-food waste, which make it a promising host for the production of various compounds, such as the short-chain fatty acids and their derivative esters products. In this study, a butanol synthetic pathway was constructed in C. tyrobutyricum, and then efficient butyl butyrate production through in situ esterification was achieved by the supplementation of lipase into the fermentation. The butyryl-CoA/acyl-CoA transferase (cat1) was overexpressed to balance the ratio between precursors butyrate and butanol. Then, a suitable fermentation medium for butyl butyrate production was obtained with xylose as the sole carbon source and shrimp shell waste as the sole nitrogen source. Ultimately, 5.9 g/L of butyl butyrate with a selectivity of 100%, and a productivity of 0.03 g/L·h was achieved under xylose and shrimp shell waste with batch fermentation in a 5 L bioreactor. Transcriptome analyses exhibited an increase in the expression of genes related to the xylose metabolism, nitrogen metabolism, and amino acid metabolism and transport, which reveal the mechanism for the synergistic utilization of xylose and shrimp shell waste. This study presents a novel approach for utilizing xylose and shrimp shell waste to produce butyl butyrate by using an anaerobic fermentative platform based on C. tyrobutyricum. This innovative fermentation medium could save the cost of nitrogen sources (~97%) and open up possibilities for converting agri-food waste into other high-value products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Wang
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China; (H.W.); (Y.C.); (Z.Y.); (P.W.)
| | - Yingli Chen
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China; (H.W.); (Y.C.); (Z.Y.); (P.W.)
| | - Zhihan Yang
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China; (H.W.); (Y.C.); (Z.Y.); (P.W.)
| | - Haijun Deng
- College of Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China; (H.D.); (Y.L.)
| | - Yiran Liu
- College of Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China; (H.D.); (Y.L.)
| | - Ping Wei
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China; (H.W.); (Y.C.); (Z.Y.); (P.W.)
| | - Zhengming Zhu
- College of Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China; (H.D.); (Y.L.)
| | - Ling Jiang
- College of Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China; (H.D.); (Y.L.)
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
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6
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Chícharo B, Fadlallah S, Allais F, Aricò F. Furandicarboxylate Polyesters: A Comprehensive ADMET Study of a Novel Class of Furan-Based α,ω-Diene Monomers. ChemSusChem 2024; 17:e202301311. [PMID: 37937483 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202301311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023]
Abstract
The present research article delves into the preparation of a new class of bio-based polyesters from α,ω-diene furandicarboxylate monomers. In particular, it exploits the use of acyclic diene metathesis polymerisation (ADMET) on 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid (FDCA)-derived compounds. First, a library of furan-based α,ω-diene monomers was prepared via acid- or base-catalyzed transesterification of 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid dimethyl ester (FDME) with commercially available alcohols incorporating terminal olefins, i. e., allyl alcohol, but-3-en-1-ol, hex-5-en-1-ol and dec-9-en-1-ol. Then, the novel monomers were subjected to ADMET polymerisation employing different catalysts and reaction conditions. Interestingly, first-generation Grubbs catalyst was found to be the best promoter for ADMET polymerisation. This catalyst allowed the preparation of a new family of bio-based polyesters with molecular weights up to 26.4 kDa, with good thermal stability, and adaptable cis-trans conformations. Results also revealed that the monomer structure had a direct impact on the polymerisation efficiency and the resulting thermal properties. The effect of green bio-based solvents such as Cyrene™, dimethyl isosorbide (DMI) and γ-valerolactone (GVL) on the polymerisation process was also studied. Data collected showed that the solvent concentration influenced both the yield and length of polymers formed. Furthermore, some co-polymerisation experiments were conducted; the successful integration of different monomers in the resulting copolymer was shown to affect the glass transition temperature (Tg) of the resulting materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Chícharo
- URD Agro-Biotechnologies Industrielles (ABI), CEBB, AgroParisTech, 3 Rue des Rouges-Terres, 51110, Pomacle, France
- Department of Environmental Science, Informatics and Statistics, Ca' Foscari University of Venice, Via Torino155, 30172, Venezia Mestre, Italy
| | - Sami Fadlallah
- URD Agro-Biotechnologies Industrielles (ABI), CEBB, AgroParisTech, 3 Rue des Rouges-Terres, 51110, Pomacle, France
| | - Florent Allais
- URD Agro-Biotechnologies Industrielles (ABI), CEBB, AgroParisTech, 3 Rue des Rouges-Terres, 51110, Pomacle, France
| | - Fabio Aricò
- Department of Environmental Science, Informatics and Statistics, Ca' Foscari University of Venice, Via Torino155, 30172, Venezia Mestre, Italy
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7
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Pham TT, Guo Z, Li B, Lapkin AA, Yan N. Synthesis of Pyrrole-2-Carboxylic Acid from Cellulose- and Chitin-Based Feedstocks Discovered by the Automated Route Search. ChemSusChem 2024; 17:e202300538. [PMID: 37792551 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202300538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023]
Abstract
The shift towards sustainable feedstocks for platform chemicals requires new routes to access functional molecules that contain heteroatoms, but there are limited bio-derived feedstocks that lead to heteroatoms in platform chemicals. Combining renewable molecules of different origins could be a solution to optimize the use of atoms from renewable sources. However, the lack of retrosynthetic tools makes it challenging to examine the extensive reaction networks of various platform molecules focusing on multiple bio-based feedstocks. In this study, a protocol was developed to identify potential transformation pathways that allow for the use of feedstocks from different origins. By analyzing existing knowledge on chemical reactions in large databases, several promising synthetic routes were shortlisted, with the reaction of D-glucosamine and pyruvic acid being the most interesting to make pyrrole-2-carboxylic acid (PCA). The optimized synthetic conditions resulted in 50 % yield of PCA, with insights gained from temperature variant NMR studies. The use of substrates obtained from two different bio-feedstock bases, namely cellulose and chitin, allowed for the establishment of a PCA-based chemical space.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thuy Trang Pham
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 4, 117585, Singapore City, Singapore
| | - Zhen Guo
- Cambridge Centre for Advanced Research and Education in Singapore (CARES Ltd), 1 CREATE Way, #05-05 Create Tower, 138602, Singapore City, Singapore
- Chemical Data Intelligence (CDI) Pte Ltd, Robinson Road #02-00, 068898, Singapore City, Singapore
| | - Bing Li
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 4, 117585, Singapore City, Singapore
| | - Alexei A Lapkin
- Cambridge Centre for Advanced Research and Education in Singapore (CARES Ltd), 1 CREATE Way, #05-05 Create Tower, 138602, Singapore City, Singapore
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB3 0AS, UK
| | - Ning Yan
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 4, 117585, Singapore City, Singapore
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8
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Gallipoli A, Angelini F, Angelini S, Braguglia CM, Montecchio D, Tonanzi B, Gianico A. Thermally enhanced solid-liquid separation process in food waste biorefinery: modelling the anaerobic digestion of solid residues. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2024; 12:1343396. [PMID: 38371422 PMCID: PMC10869513 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2024.1343396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024] Open
Abstract
The biochemical valorization potential of food waste (FW) could be exploited by extracting decreasing added-value bio-based products and converting the final residues into energy. In this context, multi-purpose and versatile schemes integrating thermal and biochemical conversion processes will play a key role. An upstream thermal pretreatment + solid-liquid separation unit was here proposed to optimize the conversion of the liquid fraction of FW into valuable chemicals through semi-continuous fermentation process, and the conversion of the residual solid fraction into biomethane through anaerobic digestion. The solid residues obtained after thermal pretreatment presented a higher soluble COD fraction, which resulted in higher methane production with respect to the raw residues (0.33 vs. 0.29 Nm3CH4 kg-1VSfed) and higher risk of acidification and failure of methanogenesis when operating at lower HRT (20d). On the contrary, at HRT = 40 d, the pretreatment did not affect the methane conversion rates and both tests evidenced similar methane productions of 0.33 Nm3CH4 kg-1VSfed. In the reactor fed with pretreated residue, the association of hydrogenotrophic methanogens with syntrophic bacteria prevented the acidification of the system. Modelling proved the eligibility of the FW solid residues as substrates for anaerobic digestion, given their small inert fractions that ranged between 0% and 30% of the total COD content.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Andrea Gianico
- National Research Council of Italy, Water Research Institute, CNR-IRSA, Rome, Italy
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9
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Li Y, Liu M, Tang Q, Liang K, Sun Y, Yu Y, Lou Y, Liu Y, Yu H. Hydrogen-transfer strategy in lignin refinery: Towards sustainable and versatile value-added biochemicals. ChemSusChem 2024:e202301912. [PMID: 38294404 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202301912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
Lignin, the most prevalent natural source of polyphenols on Earth, offers substantial possibilities for the conversion into aromatic compounds, which is critical for attaining sustainability and carbon neutrality. The hydrogen-transfer method has garnered significant interest owing to its environmental compatibility and economic viability. The efficacy of this approach is contingent upon the careful selection of catalytic and hydrogen-donating systems that decisively affect the yield and selectivity of the monomeric products resulting from lignin degradation. This paper highlights the hydrogen-transfer technique in lignin refinery, with a specific focus on the influence of hydrogen donors on the depolymerization pathways of lignin. It delineates the correlation between the structure and activity of catalytic hydrogen-transfer arrangements and the gamut of lignin-derived biochemicals, utilizing data from lignin model compounds, separated lignin, and lignocellulosic biomass. Additionally, the paper delves into the advantages and future directions of employing the hydrogen-transfer approach for lignin conversion. In essence, this concept investigation illuminates the efficacy of the hydrogen-transfer paradigm in lignin valorization, offering key insights and strategic directives to maximize lignin's value sustainably.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yilin Li
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Material Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, PR China
| | - Meng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Material Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, PR China
| | - Qi Tang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Material Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, PR China
| | - Kaixia Liang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Material Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, PR China
| | - Yaxu Sun
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Material Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, PR China
| | - Yanyan Yu
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Material Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, PR China
| | - Yuhan Lou
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Material Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, PR China
| | - Yongzhuang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Material Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, PR China
| | - Haipeng Yu
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Material Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, PR China
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10
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Miao Y, To MH, Siddiqui MA, Wang H, Lodens S, Chopra SS, Kaur G, Roelants SLKW, Lin CSK. Sustainable biosurfactant production from secondary feedstock-recent advances, process optimization and perspectives. Front Chem 2024; 12:1327113. [PMID: 38312346 PMCID: PMC10834756 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2024.1327113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Biosurfactants have garnered increased attention lately due to their superiority of their properties over fossil-derived counterparts. While the cost of production remains a significant hurdle to surpass synthetic surfactants, biosurfactants have been anticipated to gain a larger market share in the coming decades. Among these, glycolipids, a type of low-molecular-weight biosurfactant, stand out for their efficacy in reducing surface and interfacial tension, which made them highly sought-after for various surfactant-related applications. Glycolipids are composed of hydrophilic carbohydrate moieties linked to hydrophobic fatty acid chains through ester bonds that mainly include rhamnolipids, trehalose lipids, sophorolipids, and mannosylerythritol lipids. This review highlights the current landscape of glycolipids and covers specific glycolipid productivity and the diverse range of products found in the global market. Applications such as bioremediation, food processing, petroleum refining, biomedical uses, and increasing agriculture output have been discussed. Additionally, the latest advancements in production cost reduction for glycolipid and the challenges of utilizing second-generation feedstocks for sustainable production are also thoroughly examined. Overall, this review proposes a balance between environmental advantages, economic viability, and societal benefits through the optimized integration of secondary feedstocks in biosurfactant production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yahui Miao
- School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, China
| | - Ming Ho To
- School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, China
| | - Muhammad Ahmar Siddiqui
- School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, China
- Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Control and Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Kowloon, China
| | - Huaimin Wang
- McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering, Cockrell School of Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, United States
| | - Sofie Lodens
- Bio Base Europe Pilot Plant, Ghent, Belgium
- Centre for Industrial Biotechnology and Biocatalysis (InBio.be), Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Shauhrat S Chopra
- School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, China
| | - Guneet Kaur
- School of Engineering, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Sophie L K W Roelants
- Bio Base Europe Pilot Plant, Ghent, Belgium
- Centre for Industrial Biotechnology and Biocatalysis (InBio.be), Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Carol Sze Ki Lin
- School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, China
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11
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Lim JK. Theoretical hypothesis in a direct electron transfer between non-interacting Fe-S proteins within an artificial fusion. FEMS Microbiol Lett 2024; 371:fnad137. [PMID: 38196139 PMCID: PMC10795574 DOI: 10.1093/femsle/fnad137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Reduction of CO2 to formate utilizing formate dehydrogenases (FDHs) has been attempted biologically and electrochemically. However, the conversion efficiency is very low due to the low energy potential of electron donors and/or electron competition with other electron acceptors. To overcome such a low conversion efficiency, I focused on a direct electron transfer between two unrelated redox enzymes for the efficient reduction of CO2 and utilized the quantum mechanical magnetic properties of the [Fe-S] ([iron-sulfur]) cluster to develop a novel electron path. Using this electron path, we connected non-interacting carbon monoxide dehydrogenase and FDH, constructing a synthetic carbon monoxide:formate oxidoreductase as a single functional enzyme complex in the previous study. Here, a theoretical hypothesis that can explain the direct electron transfer phenomenon based on the magnetic properties of the [Fe-S] cluster is proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae Kyu Lim
- Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology (KIOST), Jeju Bio Research Center, Jeju 63349, Republic of Korea
- University of Science and Technology (UST), KIOST School, Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
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12
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Mnafki R, Morales A, Sillero L, Khiari R, Moussaoui Y, Labidi J. Integral Valorization of Posidonia oceanica Balls: An Abundant and Potential Biomass. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:164. [PMID: 38201829 PMCID: PMC10780897 DOI: 10.3390/polym16010164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 12/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Posidonia oceanica balls (POB), a kind of seagrass, are a significant environmental issue since they are annually discharged onto beaches. Their current usefulness limits interest in their management and enhances the environmental problem. Therefore, in this research, the potential of this lignocellulosic biomass was studied from a holistic biorefinery point of view. To this end, an in-depth study was carried out to select the best pathway for the integral valorization of POBs. First, an autohydrolysis process was studied for the recovery of oligosaccharides. Then, a delignification stage was applied, where, in addition to studying different delignification methods, the influence of the autohydrolysis pre-treatment was also investigated. Finally, cellulose nanofibers (CNFs) were obtained through a chemo-mechanical treatment. The results showed that autohydrolysis not only improved the delignification process and its products, but also allowed the hemicelluloses to be valorized. Acetoformosolv delignification proved to be the most successful in terms of lignin and cellulose properties. However, alkaline delignification was able to extract the highest amount of lignin with low purity. CNFs were also successfully produced from bleached solids. Therefore, the potential of POB as a feedstock for a biorefinery was confirmed, and the pathway should be chosen according to the requirements of the desired end products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rim Mnafki
- Organic Chemistry Laboratory (LR17ES08), Faculty of Sciences of Sfax, Sfax 3018, Tunisia
- Faculty of Sciences of Gafsa, University of Gafsa, Gafsa 2112, Tunisia
| | - Amaia Morales
- Biorefinery Processes Research Group, Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 20018 Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Leyre Sillero
- Biorefinery Processes Research Group, Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Ramzi Khiari
- Department of Textile, Higher Institute of Technological Studies (ISET) of Ksar-Hellal, Ksar-Hellal 5070, Tunisia
- CNRS, Grenoble INP, LGP2, University of Grenoble Alpes, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Younes Moussaoui
- Organic Chemistry Laboratory (LR17ES08), Faculty of Sciences of Sfax, Sfax 3018, Tunisia
- Faculty of Sciences of Gafsa, University of Gafsa, Gafsa 2112, Tunisia
| | - Jalel Labidi
- Biorefinery Processes Research Group, Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 20018 Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain
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13
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Ramamoorthy NK, Pallam RB, Subash Chandrabose K, Sahadevan R, Vemuri VS. A critical process variable-regulated, parameter-balancing auxostat, performed using disposed COVID-19 personal protective equipment-based substrate mixture, yields sustained and improved endoglucanase titers. Prep Biochem Biotechnol 2024; 54:19-38. [PMID: 37149786 DOI: 10.1080/10826068.2023.2204479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Fifty percent of the overall operational expenses of biorefineries are incurred during enzymatic-saccharification processes. Cellulases have a global-market value of $1621 USD. Dearth of conventional lignocelluloses have led to the exploration of their waste stream-based, unconventional sources. Native fungus-employing cellulase-production batches fail to yield sustained enzyme titers. It could be attributed to variations in the enzyme-production broth's quasi-dilatant behavior, its fluid and flow properties; heat and oxygen transfer regimes; kinetics of fungal growth; and nutrient utilization. The current investigation presents one of the first-time usages of a substrate mixture, majorly comprising disposed COVID-19 personal protective-equipment (PPE). To devise a sustainable and scalable cellulase-production process, various variable-regulated, continuous-culture auxostats were performed. The glucose concentration-maintaining auxostat recorded consistent endoglucanase titers throughout its feeding-cum-harvest cycles; furthermore, it enhanced oxygen transfer, heat transfer co-efficient, and mass transfer co-efficient by 91.5, 36, and 77%, respectively. Substrate-characterization revealed that an unintended, autoclave-based organsolv pretreatment caused unanticipated increases in endoglucanase titers. The cumulative lab-scale cellulase-production cost was found to be $16.3. The proposed approach is economical, and it offers a pollution-free waste management process, thereby generating carbon credits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Navnit Kumar Ramamoorthy
- Fungal Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Pondicherry University, Kalapet, India
| | - Revanth Babu Pallam
- Fungal Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Pondicherry University, Kalapet, India
| | | | | | - Venkateswara Sarma Vemuri
- Fungal Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Pondicherry University, Kalapet, India
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14
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Estime B, Ren D, Sureshkumar R. Tailored Fabrication of Plasmonic Film Light Filters for Enhanced Microalgal Growth and Biomass Composition. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2023; 14:44. [PMID: 38202499 PMCID: PMC10780999 DOI: 10.3390/nano14010044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 12/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
Through plasmon resonance, silver and gold nanoparticles can selectively backscatter light within different regions of the visible electromagnetic spectrum. We engineered a plasmonic film technology that utilizes gold and silver nanoparticles to enhance light at the necessary wavelengths for microalgal photosynthetic activities. Nanoparticles were embedded in a polymeric matrix to fabricate millimeter-thin plasmonic films that can be used as light filters in microalgal photobioreactors. Experiments conducted with microalga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii proved that microalgal growth and photosynthetic pigment production can be increased by up to 50% and 78%, respectively, by using these plasmonic film light filters. This work provides a scalable strategy for the efficient production of specialty chemicals and biofuels from microalgae through irradiation control with plasmonic nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bendy Estime
- Department of Biomedical and Chemical Engineering, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY 13244, USA; (B.E.); (D.R.)
- Merck & Co., Inc., 770 Sumneytown Pike, West Point, PA 19486, USA
| | - Dacheng Ren
- Department of Biomedical and Chemical Engineering, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY 13244, USA; (B.E.); (D.R.)
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY 13244, USA
- Department of Biology, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY 13244, USA
- BioInspired Institute, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY 13244, USA
| | - Radhakrishna Sureshkumar
- Department of Biomedical and Chemical Engineering, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY 13244, USA; (B.E.); (D.R.)
- BioInspired Institute, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY 13244, USA
- Department of Physics, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY 13244, USA
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15
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Bueno Moron J, van Klink G, Gruter GJM. Production and Downstream Integration of 5-(Chloromethyl)furfural from Lignocellulose. ACS Sustain Chem Eng 2023; 11:17492-17509. [PMID: 38099083 PMCID: PMC10716901 DOI: 10.1021/acssuschemeng.3c05525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
The importance of reducing the strong dependence of the chemical industry on fossil feedstock is no longer a debate. Above-the-ground carbon is abundant, but scalable technologies to supply alternatives to fossil-fuel-derived chemicals and/or materials at the world scale are still not available. Lignocellulosic biomass is the most available carbon source, and a first requirement for its valorization is the complete saccharification of its sugar-bearing components. HCl-based technologies can achieve this at 20 °C and ambient pressure. These principles were disclosed in the 1920s, but the inability to economically separate sugars from acids impeded its commercialization. Avantium Chemicals B.V. developed a modern version of this "Bergius" highly concentrated acid hydrolysis, in which the saccharides in HCl are transformed into furanics without any prior purification, in particular, to 5-(chloromethyl)furfural (CMF). Saccharide conversion to CMF was developed by Mascal in the early 2000s. CMF is extracted in situ using immiscible organic solvents, allowing for an easy product separation. This study not only targets to investigate the viability and optimization of this integrated process but also aims to predict the outcome of the CMF formation reaction by applying design of experiment techniques from the hydrolyzed saccharides varying a broad range of reaction parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Bueno Moron
- Van‘t
Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, University
of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1090 GD Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Avantium
Chemicals BV, Zekeringstraat
29, 1014 BV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Gerard van Klink
- Van‘t
Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, University
of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1090 GD Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Avantium
Chemicals BV, Zekeringstraat
29, 1014 BV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Gert-Jan M. Gruter
- Van‘t
Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, University
of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1090 GD Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Avantium
Chemicals BV, Zekeringstraat
29, 1014 BV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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16
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Belardi I, Marrocchi A, Alfeo V, Sileoni V, De Francesco G, Paolantoni M, Marconi O. Sequential Extraction and Attenuated Total Reflection-Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy Monitoring in the Biorefining of Brewer's Spent Grain. Molecules 2023; 28:7992. [PMID: 38138483 PMCID: PMC10745478 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28247992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The brewing industry plays a significant role in producing a substantial annual volume of by-products, which contributes to the global accumulation of food waste. The primary by-product generated is brewer's spent grain (BSG), a lignocellulosic biomass rich in proteins, fiber, and moisture content. Leveraging biorefining and valorization techniques for BSG represents a promising strategy to enhance sustainability, resilience, and circularity within the brewing chain. To date, most studies have focused on extracting proteins from BSG. Yet, it is crucial to note that the fiber part of BSG also holds considerable potential for biorefining processes. This study introduces a novel sequential extraction method designed to integrally recover the major components of BSG. Notably, it introduces a reactive extraction approach that enables the simultaneous extraction and tuneable functionalization of the hemicellulose component. Additionally, the study assesses the utility of the attenuated total reflection-Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy as a user-friendly tool to monitor and evaluate the effectiveness of the fractionation process. This spectroscopic technique can provide valuable insights into the changes and composition of BSG throughout the extraction process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilary Belardi
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Perugia, 06121 Perugia, Italy; (I.B.); (G.D.F.)
| | - Assunta Marrocchi
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, University of Perugia, 06123 Perugia, Italy; (A.M.); (M.P.)
| | - Vincenzo Alfeo
- Italian Brewing Research Centre (CERB), University of Perugia, 06126 Perugia, Italy;
| | - Valeria Sileoni
- Department of Economic and Legal Sciences, Universitas Mercatorum, 00186 Rome, Italy;
| | - Giovanni De Francesco
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Perugia, 06121 Perugia, Italy; (I.B.); (G.D.F.)
- Italian Brewing Research Centre (CERB), University of Perugia, 06126 Perugia, Italy;
| | - Marco Paolantoni
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, University of Perugia, 06123 Perugia, Italy; (A.M.); (M.P.)
| | - Ombretta Marconi
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Perugia, 06121 Perugia, Italy; (I.B.); (G.D.F.)
- Italian Brewing Research Centre (CERB), University of Perugia, 06126 Perugia, Italy;
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17
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Mukamwi M, Somorin T, Soloha R, Dace E. Databases for biomass and waste biorefinery - a mini-review and SWOT analysis. Bioengineered 2023; 14:2286722. [PMID: 38018819 PMCID: PMC10761086 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2023.2286722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The world is facing problems of the increasing amount of resources wasted as the world population grows. Biowaste streams form a significant part of the overall waste generation, and a circular economy utilizing this biowaste will significantly reduce waste whilst lowering the anthropogenic carbon footprint. Due to their energy content and high concentration of hydrocarbon molecules, bio-based waste streams have the potential to be transformed into valorized products (energy, fuels, and chemicals) using biorefinery technologies. In this work, a mini-review has been conducted on available, mostly European databases on existing biomass types and biorefinery technologies to provide a framework for a desirable, comprehensive database connecting bio-based waste streams, biorefinery technologies and bioproducts, as well as the geographical distribution of feedstocks and biorefineries. The database assessment utilized the SWOT (strengths, weakness, opportunities, threats) methodology to support benchmark analysis and to identify critical gaps in underlying data structures that could be included in a single database. The results show that current databases are useful but insufficient for waste biorefineries due to limited quality and quantity as well as the usability of data. A comprehensive database or improved database cluster would be necessary, not only for technology development but for better investment and policy decisions. The development of the new database architecture would need to incorporate the aspects: expansion of database scope and content depth, improved usability, accessibility, applicability, update frequency, openness to new contributions, process descriptions and parameters, and technology readiness level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morgen Mukamwi
- Chemical & Process Engineering, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, Scotland, UK
| | - Tosin Somorin
- Chemical & Process Engineering, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, Scotland, UK
| | - Raimonda Soloha
- Institute of Microbiology and Biotechnology, University of Latvia, Riga, Latvia
| | - Elina Dace
- Institute of Microbiology and Biotechnology, University of Latvia, Riga, Latvia
- Department of Political Science, Riga Stradins University, Riga, Latvia
- Baltic Studies Centre, Riga, Baltic, Latvia
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18
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Tibbetts JD, Hutchby M, Cunningham WB, Chapman RSL, Kociok-Köhn G, Davidson MG, Bull SD. Sustainable Syntheses of Paracetamol and Ibuprofen from Biorenewable β-pinene. ChemSusChem 2023; 16:e202300670. [PMID: 37332029 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202300670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Revised: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023]
Abstract
Scalable processes have been developed to convert β-pinene into 4-isopropenylcyclohexanone, which is then used as a feedstock for the divergent synthesis of sustainable versions of the common painkillers, paracetamol and ibuprofen. Both synthetic routes use Pd0 catalysed reactions to aromatize the cyclohexenyl rings of key intermediates to produce the benzenoid ring systems of both drugs. The potential of using bioderived 4-hydroxyacetophenone as a drop-in feedstock replacement to produce sustainable aromatic products is also discussed within a terpene biorefinery context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua D Tibbetts
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath, BA2 7AY, United Kingdom
| | - Marc Hutchby
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath, BA2 7AY, United Kingdom
| | - William B Cunningham
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath, BA2 7AY, United Kingdom
| | - Robert S L Chapman
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath, BA2 7AY, United Kingdom
| | - Gabriele Kociok-Köhn
- Materials and Chemical Characterisation Facility (MC2), University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath, BA2 7AY, United Kingdom
| | - Matthew G Davidson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath, BA2 7AY, United Kingdom
| | - Steven D Bull
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath, BA2 7AY, United Kingdom
- School of Chemistry, University of Leicester, University Rd, Leicester, LE1 7RH, United Kingdom
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19
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Papaioannou EH, Bazzarelli F, Mazzei R, Giannakopoulos V, Roberts MR, Giorno L. Membrane Cascade Fractionation of Tomato Leaf Extracts-Towards Bio-Based Crop Protection. Membranes (Basel) 2023; 13:855. [PMID: 37999341 PMCID: PMC10673455 DOI: 10.3390/membranes13110855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 10/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
Promising initial results from the use of membrane-fractionated extracts of tomato leaf as crop protection agents have recently been reported. This paper provides additional evidence from larger scale experiments that identify an efficient pipeline for the separation of tomato leaf extracts to generate a fraction with significant defence elicitor activity. A UF tubular membrane 150 kDa, with an internal diameter of 5 mm, proved appropriate for initial extract clarification, whereas afterwards a UF 10 kDa and three NF membranes (200-800 Da) in sequence were evaluated for the subsequent fractionation of this tomato extract. The compositions of sugars, proteins and total biophenols were changed in these fractions with respect to the initial extract. The initial extract ratio of sugars: proteins: biophenols was 1:0.047:0.052, whereas for the retentate of the 800 Da NF membrane, which has the higher crop protection activity, this ratio was 1:0.06:0.1. In this regard, it appears that the main crop protection effect in this fraction was due to the sugars isolated. It was found that with the appropriate membrane cascade selection (UF 150 kDa, UF 10 kDa and NF 800 Da) it was possible to produce (easily and without the need of additional chemicals) a fraction that has significant activity as an elicitor of disease resistance in tomato, whereas the remaining fractions could be used for other purposes in a biorefinery. This is very promising for the wider application of the proposed approach for the relatively easy formulation of bio-based aqueous streams with bio-pesticide activities.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Fabio Bazzarelli
- National Research Council of Italy, Institute on Membrane Technology, CNR-ITM, Via P. Bucci, 87036 Rende, Italy (L.G.)
| | - Rosalinda Mazzei
- National Research Council of Italy, Institute on Membrane Technology, CNR-ITM, Via P. Bucci, 87036 Rende, Italy (L.G.)
| | | | - Michael R. Roberts
- Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YQ, UK
| | - Lidietta Giorno
- National Research Council of Italy, Institute on Membrane Technology, CNR-ITM, Via P. Bucci, 87036 Rende, Italy (L.G.)
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20
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Klavins L, Almonaitytė K, Šalaševičienė A, Zommere A, Spalvis K, Vincevica-Gaile Z, Korpinen R, Klavins M. Strategy of Coniferous Needle Biorefinery into Value-Added Products to Implement Circular Bioeconomy Concepts in Forestry Side Stream Utilization. Molecules 2023; 28:7085. [PMID: 37894564 PMCID: PMC10609605 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28207085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 09/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Sustainable development goals require a reduction in the existing heavy reliance on fossil resources. Forestry can be considered a key resource for the bioeconomy, providing timber, energy, chemicals (including fine chemicals), and various other products. Besides the main product, timber, forestry generates significant amounts of different biomass side streams. Considering the unique and highly complex chemical composition of coniferous needle/greenery biomass, biorefinery strategies can be considered as prospective possibilities to address top segments of the bio-based value pyramid, addressing coniferous biomass side streams as a source of diverse chemical substances with applications as the replacement of fossil material-based chemicals, building blocks, food, and feed and applications as fine chemicals. This study reviews biorefinery methods for coniferous tree forestry biomass side streams, exploring the production of value-added products. Additionally, it discusses the potential for developing further biorefinery strategies to obtain products with enhanced value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linards Klavins
- Department of Environmental Science, University of Latvia, Raina Blvd. 19, LV-1586 Riga, Latvia; (A.Z.); (Z.V.-G.); (M.K.)
| | - Karolina Almonaitytė
- Food Institute, Kaunas University of Technology, Radvilenu Rd. 19, LT-50254 Kaunas, Lithuania; (K.A.); (A.Š.)
| | - Alvija Šalaševičienė
- Food Institute, Kaunas University of Technology, Radvilenu Rd. 19, LT-50254 Kaunas, Lithuania; (K.A.); (A.Š.)
| | - Alise Zommere
- Department of Environmental Science, University of Latvia, Raina Blvd. 19, LV-1586 Riga, Latvia; (A.Z.); (Z.V.-G.); (M.K.)
| | | | - Zane Vincevica-Gaile
- Department of Environmental Science, University of Latvia, Raina Blvd. 19, LV-1586 Riga, Latvia; (A.Z.); (Z.V.-G.); (M.K.)
| | - Risto Korpinen
- Biomass Fractionation Technologies, Production Systems, Natural Resources Institute Finland, Viikinkaari 9, FI-00790 Helsinki, Finland;
| | - Maris Klavins
- Department of Environmental Science, University of Latvia, Raina Blvd. 19, LV-1586 Riga, Latvia; (A.Z.); (Z.V.-G.); (M.K.)
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21
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Augyte S, Sims NA, Martin K, Van Wychen S, Panczak B, Alt H, Nelson R, Laurens LML. Tropical Red Macroalgae Cultivation with a Focus on Compositional Analysis. Plants (Basel) 2023; 12:3524. [PMID: 37895988 PMCID: PMC10609988 DOI: 10.3390/plants12203524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023]
Abstract
To create carbon efficient sources of bioenergy feedstocks and feedstuff for aquaculture and terrestrial livestock, it is critical to develop and commercialize the most efficient seaweed cultivation approach with a sustainable nutrient input supply. Here, we present data for a novel, onshore tropical macroalgae cultivation system, based on influent deep seawater as the nutrient and carbon sources. Two red algal species were selected, Agardhiella subulata and Halymenia hawaiiana, as the basis for growth optimization. Highest productivity in small-scale cultivation was demonstrated with A. subulata in the 10% deep seawater (64.7 µg N L-1) treatment, growing at up to 26% specific growth rate day-1 with highest yields observed at 247.5 g m-2 day-1 fresh weight. The highest yields for H. hawaiiana were measured with the addition of 10% deep seawater up to 8.8% specific growth rate day-1 and yields at 63.3 g fresh weight m-2 day-1 equivalent. Biomass should be culled weekly or biweekly to avoid density limitations, which likely contributed to a decrease in SGR over time. With a measured 30-40% carbon content of the ash-free dry weight (20-30% of the dry weight) biomass, this translates to an almost 1:1 CO2 capture to biomass ratio. The compositional fingerprint of the high carbohydrate content of both Agardhiella and Halymenia makes for an attractive feedstock for downstream biorefinery applications. By focusing on scaling and optimizing seaweed farming technologies for large-scale onshore farms, the opportunities for yield potential, adaptability to cultivation conditions, and meeting global sustainability goals through novel, carbon-negative biomass sources such as seaweed can be realized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Augyte
- Ocean Era, Inc., Kailua-Kona, HI 96740, USA; (N.A.S.); (K.M.)
| | - Neil A. Sims
- Ocean Era, Inc., Kailua-Kona, HI 96740, USA; (N.A.S.); (K.M.)
| | - Keelee Martin
- Ocean Era, Inc., Kailua-Kona, HI 96740, USA; (N.A.S.); (K.M.)
| | - Stefanie Van Wychen
- Bioenergy Science and Technology Directorate, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO 80401, USA; (S.V.W.); (B.P.); (H.A.); (R.N.); (L.M.L.L.)
| | - Bonnie Panczak
- Bioenergy Science and Technology Directorate, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO 80401, USA; (S.V.W.); (B.P.); (H.A.); (R.N.); (L.M.L.L.)
| | - Hannah Alt
- Bioenergy Science and Technology Directorate, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO 80401, USA; (S.V.W.); (B.P.); (H.A.); (R.N.); (L.M.L.L.)
| | - Robert Nelson
- Bioenergy Science and Technology Directorate, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO 80401, USA; (S.V.W.); (B.P.); (H.A.); (R.N.); (L.M.L.L.)
| | - Lieve M. L. Laurens
- Bioenergy Science and Technology Directorate, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO 80401, USA; (S.V.W.); (B.P.); (H.A.); (R.N.); (L.M.L.L.)
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22
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Takagi A, Nagao M, Uejima Y, Sasaki D, Asayama M. Efficient pH and dissolved CO 2 conditions for indoor and outdoor cultures of green alga Parachlorella. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1233944. [PMID: 37767110 PMCID: PMC10520278 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1233944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Efficient pH and dissolved CO2 conditions for indoor (50-450 mL scale) and outdoor (100-500 L scale) culture of a green alga BX1.5 strain that can produce useful intracellular lipids and extracellular polysaccharides were investigated for the first time in Parachlorella sp. The cultures harvested under 26 different conditions were analysed for pH, dissolved CO2 concentration, and the biomass of extracellular polysaccharides. The BX1.5 strain could thrive in a wide range of initial medium pH ranging from 3 to 11 and produced valuable lipids such as C16:0, C18:2, and C18:3 under indoor and outdoor culture conditions when supplied with 2.0% dissolved CO2. Particularly, the acidic BG11 medium effectively increased the biomass of extracellular polysaccharides during short-term outdoor cultivation. The BG11 liquid medium also led to extracellular polysaccharide production, independent of acidity and alkalinity, proportional to the increase in total sugars derived from cells supplied with high CO2 concentrations. These results suggest Parachlorella as a promising strain for indoor and outdoor cultivation to produce valuable materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akari Takagi
- College of Agriculture, Ibaraki University, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Misato Nagao
- College of Agriculture, Ibaraki University, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Yuya Uejima
- College of Agriculture, Ibaraki University, Ibaraki, Japan
| | | | - Munehiko Asayama
- College of Agriculture, Ibaraki University, Ibaraki, Japan
- United Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
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23
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Saravana PS, Ummat V, Bourke P, Tiwari BK. Emerging green cell disruption techniques to obtain valuable compounds from macro and microalgae: a review. Crit Rev Biotechnol 2023; 43:904-919. [PMID: 35786238 DOI: 10.1080/07388551.2022.2089869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2020] [Revised: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
In the modern era, macro-microalgae attract a strong interest across scientific disciplines, owing to the wide application of these cost-effective valuable bioresources in food, fuel, nutraceuticals, and pharmaceuticals etc. The practice of eco-friendly extraction techniques has led scientists to create alternative processes to the conventional methods, to enhance the extraction of the key valuable compounds from macro-microalgae. This review narrates the possible use of novel cell disruption techniques, including use of ionic liquid, deep eutectic solvent, surfactant, switchable solvents, high voltage electrical discharge, explosive decompression, compressional-puffing, plasma, and ozonation, which can enable the recovery of value added substances from macro-microalgae, complying with the principles of green chemistry and sustainability. The above-mentioned innovative techniques are reviewed with respect to their working principles, benefits, and possible applications for macro-microalgae bioactive compound recovery and biofuel. The benefits of these techniques compared to conventional extraction methods include shorter extraction time, improved yield, and reduced cost. Furthermore, various combinations of these innovative technologies are used for the extraction of thermolabile bioactive compounds. The challenges and prospects of the innovative extraction processes for the forthcoming improvement of environmentally and cost-effective macro-microalgal biorefineries are also explained in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Periaswamy Sivagnanam Saravana
- Department of Food Chemistry and Technology, Teagasc Food Research Centre, Dublin, Ireland
- School of Biosystems and Food Engineering, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Viruja Ummat
- Department of Food Chemistry and Technology, Teagasc Food Research Centre, Dublin, Ireland
- School of Biosystems and Food Engineering, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Paula Bourke
- School of Biosystems and Food Engineering, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Brijesh K Tiwari
- Department of Food Chemistry and Technology, Teagasc Food Research Centre, Dublin, Ireland
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24
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López-Pacheco IY, Ayala-Moreno VG, Mejia-Melara CA, Rodríguez-Rodríguez J, Cuellar-Bermudez SP, González-González RB, Coronado-Apodaca KG, Farfan-Cabrera LI, González-Meza GM, Iqbal HMN, Parra-Saldívar R. Growth Behavior, Biomass Composition and Fatty Acid Methyl Esters (FAMEs) Production Potential of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, and Chlorella vulgaris Cultures. Mar Drugs 2023; 21:450. [PMID: 37623731 PMCID: PMC10455958 DOI: 10.3390/md21080450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2023] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The production of biomolecules by microalgae has a wide range of applications in the development of various materials and products, such as biodiesel, food supplements, and cosmetics. Microalgae biomass can be produced using waste and in a smaller space than other types of crops (e.g., soja, corn), which shows microalgae's great potential as a source of biomass. Among the produced biomolecules of greatest interest are carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, and fatty acids. In this study, the production of these biomolecules was determined in two strains of microalgae (Chlamydomonas reinhardtii and Chlorella vulgaris) when exposed to different concentrations of nitrogen, phosphorus, and sulfur. Results show a significant microalgal growth (3.69 g L-1) and carbohydrates (163 mg g-1) increase in C. reinhardtii under low nitrogen concentration. Also, higher lipids content was produced under low sulfur concentration (246 mg g-1). It was observed that sulfur variation could affect in a negative way proteins production in C. reinhardtii culture. In the case of C. vulgaris, a higher biomass production was obtained in the standard culture medium (1.37 g L-1), and under a low-phosphorus condition, C. vulgaris produced a higher lipids concentration (248 mg g-1). It was observed that a low concentration of nitrogen had a better effect on the accumulation of fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs) (C16-C18) in both microalgae. These results lead us to visualize the effects that the variation in macronutrients can have on the growth of microalgae and their possible utility for the production of microalgae-based subproducts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Itzel Y. López-Pacheco
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Monterrey 64849, Mexico; (I.Y.L.-P.); (J.R.-R.); (S.P.C.-B.); (R.B.G.-G.); (K.G.C.-A.); (L.I.F.-C.); (G.M.G.-M.)
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Institute of Advanced Materials for Sustainable Manufacturing, Monterrey 64849, Mexico
| | - Victoria Guadalupe Ayala-Moreno
- Francisco Morazán Department, Escuela Agrícola Panamericana, Zamorano, Km 30 Carretera de Tegucigalpa a Danlí, Valle del Yeguare, Municipio de San Antonio de Oriente, Tegucigalpa 11101, Honduras; (V.G.A.-M.); (C.A.M.-M.)
| | - Catherinne Arlette Mejia-Melara
- Francisco Morazán Department, Escuela Agrícola Panamericana, Zamorano, Km 30 Carretera de Tegucigalpa a Danlí, Valle del Yeguare, Municipio de San Antonio de Oriente, Tegucigalpa 11101, Honduras; (V.G.A.-M.); (C.A.M.-M.)
| | - José Rodríguez-Rodríguez
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Monterrey 64849, Mexico; (I.Y.L.-P.); (J.R.-R.); (S.P.C.-B.); (R.B.G.-G.); (K.G.C.-A.); (L.I.F.-C.); (G.M.G.-M.)
| | - Sara P. Cuellar-Bermudez
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Monterrey 64849, Mexico; (I.Y.L.-P.); (J.R.-R.); (S.P.C.-B.); (R.B.G.-G.); (K.G.C.-A.); (L.I.F.-C.); (G.M.G.-M.)
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Institute of Advanced Materials for Sustainable Manufacturing, Monterrey 64849, Mexico
| | - Reyna Berenice González-González
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Monterrey 64849, Mexico; (I.Y.L.-P.); (J.R.-R.); (S.P.C.-B.); (R.B.G.-G.); (K.G.C.-A.); (L.I.F.-C.); (G.M.G.-M.)
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Institute of Advanced Materials for Sustainable Manufacturing, Monterrey 64849, Mexico
| | - Karina G. Coronado-Apodaca
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Monterrey 64849, Mexico; (I.Y.L.-P.); (J.R.-R.); (S.P.C.-B.); (R.B.G.-G.); (K.G.C.-A.); (L.I.F.-C.); (G.M.G.-M.)
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Institute of Advanced Materials for Sustainable Manufacturing, Monterrey 64849, Mexico
| | - Leonardo I. Farfan-Cabrera
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Monterrey 64849, Mexico; (I.Y.L.-P.); (J.R.-R.); (S.P.C.-B.); (R.B.G.-G.); (K.G.C.-A.); (L.I.F.-C.); (G.M.G.-M.)
| | - Georgia María González-Meza
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Monterrey 64849, Mexico; (I.Y.L.-P.); (J.R.-R.); (S.P.C.-B.); (R.B.G.-G.); (K.G.C.-A.); (L.I.F.-C.); (G.M.G.-M.)
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Institute of Advanced Materials for Sustainable Manufacturing, Monterrey 64849, Mexico
| | - Hafiz M. N. Iqbal
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Monterrey 64849, Mexico; (I.Y.L.-P.); (J.R.-R.); (S.P.C.-B.); (R.B.G.-G.); (K.G.C.-A.); (L.I.F.-C.); (G.M.G.-M.)
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Institute of Advanced Materials for Sustainable Manufacturing, Monterrey 64849, Mexico
| | - Roberto Parra-Saldívar
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Monterrey 64849, Mexico; (I.Y.L.-P.); (J.R.-R.); (S.P.C.-B.); (R.B.G.-G.); (K.G.C.-A.); (L.I.F.-C.); (G.M.G.-M.)
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Institute of Advanced Materials for Sustainable Manufacturing, Monterrey 64849, Mexico
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25
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Mussagy CU, Pereira JFB, Dufossé L. Astaxanthin production using Paracoccus carotinifaciens: a way forward? Trends Biotechnol 2023; 41:996-999. [PMID: 36775777 DOI: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2023.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
Abstract
Paracoccus carotinifaciens could be considered a key microbial factory for obtaining healthier natural products such as astaxanthin (AXT), thus contributing to a bioeconomy. Short cultivation time, high production titers, and thin cell wall are the main advantages that make this bacterium promising in the development of sustainable third-generation biorefineries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cassamo U Mussagy
- Escuela de Agronomía, Facultad de Ciencias Agronómicas y de los Alimentos, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Quillota 2260000, Chile.
| | - Jorge F B Pereira
- CIEPQPF, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University of Coimbra, Rua Sílvio Lima, Pólo II - Pinhal de Marrocos, 3030-790, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Laurent Dufossé
- Chemistry and Biotechnology of Natural Products, CHEMBIOPRO, ESIROI Agroalimentaire, Université de La Réunion, 15 Avenue René Cassin, CS 92003, CEDEX 9, F-97744, Saint-Denis, France
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26
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Sridhar K, Sharma M, Stephen Inbaraj B. Editorial: Valorization of food and agro-industrial waste: novel approaches and their applications. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1250816. [PMID: 37521423 PMCID: PMC10374207 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1250816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Kandi Sridhar
- Department of Food Technology, Karpagam Academy of Higher Education, Coimbatore, India
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27
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Hulkko LSS, Chaturvedi T, Custódio L, Thomsen MH. Harnessing the Value of Tripolium pannonicum and Crithmum maritimum Halophyte Biomass through Integrated Green Biorefinery. Mar Drugs 2023; 21:380. [PMID: 37504911 PMCID: PMC10381832 DOI: 10.3390/md21070380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Bioactive extracts are often the target fractions in bioprospecting, and halophyte plants could provide a potential source of feedstock for high-value applications as a part of integrated biorefineries. Tripolium pannonicum (Jacq.) Dobrocz. (sea aster) and Crithmum maritimum L. (sea fennel) are edible plants suggested for biosaline halophyte-based agriculture. After food production and harvesting of fresh leaves for food, the inedible plant fractions could be utilized to produce extracts rich in bioactive phytochemicals to maximize feedstock application and increase the economic feasibility of biomass processing to bioenergy. This study analyzed fresh juice and extracts from screw-pressed sea aster and sea fennel for their different phenolic compounds and pigment concentrations. Antioxidant and enzyme inhibition activities were also tested in vitro. Extracts from sea aster and sea fennel had phenolic contents up to 45.2 mgGAE/gDM and 64.7 mgGAE/gDM, respectively, and exhibited >70% antioxidant activity in several assays. Ethanol extracts also showed >70% inhibition activity against acetylcholinesterase and >50% inhibition of tyrosinase and α-glucosidase. Therefore, these species can be seen as potential feedstocks for further investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tanmay Chaturvedi
- AAU Energy, Aalborg University, Niels Bohrs Vej 8, 6700 Esbjerg, Denmark
| | - Luísa Custódio
- Centre of Marine Sciences, University of Algarve, Campus of Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
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28
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Saur KM, Kiefel R, Niehoff PJ, Hofstede J, Ernst P, Brockkötter J, Gätgens J, Viell J, Noack S, Wierckx N, Büchs J, Jupke A. Holistic Approach to Process Design and Scale-Up for Itaconic Acid Production from Crude Substrates. Bioengineering (Basel) 2023; 10:723. [PMID: 37370654 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering10060723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Bio-based bulk chemicals such as carboxylic acids continue to struggle to compete with their fossil counterparts on an economic basis. One possibility to improve the economic feasibility is the use of crude substrates in biorefineries. However, impurities in these substrates pose challenges in fermentation and purification, requiring interdisciplinary research. This work demonstrates a holistic approach to biorefinery process development, using itaconic acid production on thick juice based on sugar beets with Ustilago sp. as an example. A conceptual process design with data from artificially prepared solutions and literature data from fermentation on glucose guides the simultaneous development of the upstream and downstream processes up to a 100 L scale. Techno-economic analysis reveals substrate consumption as the main constituent of production costs and therefore, the product yield is the driver of process economics. Aligning pH-adjusting agents in the fermentation and the downstream process is a central lever for product recovery. Experiments show that fermentation can be transferred from glucose to thick juice by changing the feeding profile. In downstream processing, an additional decolorization step is necessary to remove impurities accompanying the crude substrate. Moreover, we observe an increased use of pH-adjusting agents compared to process simulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Maria Saur
- Fluid Process Engineering (AVT.FVT), RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Robert Kiefel
- Fluid Process Engineering (AVT.FVT), RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Paul-Joachim Niehoff
- Biochemical Engineering (AVT.BioVT), RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Jordy Hofstede
- Process Systems Engineering (AVT.SVT), RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Philipp Ernst
- Forschungszentrum Jülich, Institute of Bio- and Geosciences IBG-1, 52428 Jülich, Germany
| | - Johannes Brockkötter
- Fluid Process Engineering (AVT.FVT), RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Jochem Gätgens
- Forschungszentrum Jülich, Institute of Bio- and Geosciences IBG-1, 52428 Jülich, Germany
| | - Jörn Viell
- Process Systems Engineering (AVT.SVT), RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Stephan Noack
- Forschungszentrum Jülich, Institute of Bio- and Geosciences IBG-1, 52428 Jülich, Germany
| | - Nick Wierckx
- Forschungszentrum Jülich, Institute of Bio- and Geosciences IBG-1, 52428 Jülich, Germany
| | - Jochen Büchs
- Biochemical Engineering (AVT.BioVT), RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Andreas Jupke
- Fluid Process Engineering (AVT.FVT), RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany
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29
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Vinardell S, Luis Cortina J, Valderrama C. Environmental and economic evaluation of implementing membrane technologies and struvite crystallisation to recover nutrients from anaerobic digestion supernatant. Bioresour Technol 2023:129326. [PMID: 37315623 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.129326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The present study investigates the environmental and economic feasibility of implementing membrane technologies and struvite crystallisation (SC) for nutrient recovery from the anaerobic digestion supernatant. To this end, one scenario combining partial-nitritation/Anammox and SC was compared with three scenarios combining membrane technologies and SC. The combination of ultrafiltration, SC and liquid-liquid membrane contactor (LLMC) was the less environmentally impactful scenario. SC and LLMC were the most important environmental and economic contributors in those scenarios using membrane technologies. The economic evaluation illustrated that combining ultrafiltration, SC and LLMC (with or without reverse osmosis pre-concentration) featured the lowest net cost. The sensitivity analysis highlighted that the consumption of chemicals for nutrient recovery and the ammonium sulphate recovered had a large impact on environmental and economic balances. Overall, these results demonstrate that implementing membrane technologies and SC for nutrient recovery can improve the economic and environmental implications of future municipal wastewater treatment plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergi Vinardell
- Chemical Engineering Department, Escola d'Enginyeria de Barcelona Est (EEBE), Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC)-BarcelonaTECH, C/Eduard Maristany 10-14, Campus Diagonal-Besòs, 08930 Barcelona, Spain; Barcelona Research Center for Multiscale Science and Engineering, Campus Diagonal-Besòs, 08930 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Jose Luis Cortina
- Chemical Engineering Department, Escola d'Enginyeria de Barcelona Est (EEBE), Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC)-BarcelonaTECH, C/Eduard Maristany 10-14, Campus Diagonal-Besòs, 08930 Barcelona, Spain; Barcelona Research Center for Multiscale Science and Engineering, Campus Diagonal-Besòs, 08930 Barcelona, Spain; CETaqua, Carretera d'Esplugues, 75, 08940 Cornellà de Llobregat, Spain
| | - César Valderrama
- Chemical Engineering Department, Escola d'Enginyeria de Barcelona Est (EEBE), Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC)-BarcelonaTECH, C/Eduard Maristany 10-14, Campus Diagonal-Besòs, 08930 Barcelona, Spain; Barcelona Research Center for Multiscale Science and Engineering, Campus Diagonal-Besòs, 08930 Barcelona, Spain
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30
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Shapiro AJ, O'Dea RM, Li SC, Ajah JC, Bass GF, Epps TH. Engineering Innovations, Challenges, and Opportunities for Lignocellulosic Biorefineries: Leveraging Biobased Polymer Production. Annu Rev Chem Biomol Eng 2023; 14:109-140. [PMID: 37040783 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-chembioeng-101121-084152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/13/2023]
Abstract
Alternative polymer feedstocks are highly desirable to address environmental, social, and security concerns associated with petrochemical-based materials. Lignocellulosic biomass (LCB) has emerged as one critical feedstock in this regard because it is an abundant and ubiquitous renewable resource. LCB can be deconstructed to generate valuable fuels, chemicals, and small molecules/oligomers that are amenable to modification and polymerization. However, the diversity of LCB complicates the evaluation of biorefinery concepts in areas including process scale-up, production outputs, plant economics, and life-cycle management. We discuss aspects of current LCB biorefinery research with a focus on the major process stages, including feedstock selection, fractionation/deconstruction, and characterization, along with product purification, functionalization, and polymerization to manufacture valuable macromolecular materials. We highlight opportunities to valorize underutilized and complex feedstocks, leverage advanced characterization techniques to predict and manage biorefinery outputs, and increase the fraction of biomass converted into valuable products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alison J Shapiro
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, USA; , , , , ,
| | - Robert M O'Dea
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, USA; , , , , ,
| | - Sonia C Li
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, USA; , , , , ,
| | - Jamael C Ajah
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, USA; , , , , ,
| | - Garrett F Bass
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, USA; , , , , ,
| | - Thomas H Epps
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, USA; , , , , ,
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and Center for Research in Soft Matter and Polymers (CRiSP), University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, USA
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31
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Tiwari B, Bhar R, Dubey BK, Maity SK, Brar SK, Kumar G, Kumar V. Life Cycle Assessment of Microbial 2,3-Butanediol Production from Brewer's Spent Grain Modeled on Pinch Technology. ACS Sustain Chem Eng 2023; 11:8271-8280. [PMID: 37292451 PMCID: PMC10245393 DOI: 10.1021/acssuschemeng.3c00616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Microbial production of 2,3-butanediol (BDO) has received considerable attention as a promising alternate to fossil-derived BDO. In our previous work, BDO concentration >100 g/L was accumulated using brewer's spent grain (BSG) via microbial routes which was followed by techno-economic analysis of the bioprocess. In the present work, a life cycle assessment (LCA) was conducted for BDO production from the fermentation of BSG to identify the associated environmental impacts. The LCA was based on an industrial-scale biorefinery processing of 100 metric tons BSG per day modeled using ASPEN plus integrated with pinch technology, a tool for achieving maximum thermal efficiency and heat recovery from the process. For the cradle-to-gate LCA, the functional unit of 1 kg of BDO production was selected. One-hundred-year global warming potential of 7.25 kg CO2/kg BDO was estimated while including biogenic carbon emission. The pretreatment stage followed by the cultivation and fermentation contributed to the maximum adverse impacts. Sensitivity analysis revealed that a reduction in electricity consumption and transportation and an increase in BDO yield could reduce the adverse impacts associated with microbial BDO production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bikash
Ranjan Tiwari
- Institut
National de La Recherche Scientifique - Centre Eau Terre Environnement, Université Du Québec, Quebec City G1K9A9, Canada
| | - Rajarshi Bhar
- Department
of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of
Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur 721302, West Bengal, India
| | - Brajesh Kumar Dubey
- Department
of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of
Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur 721302, West Bengal, India
| | - Sunil K. Maity
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute
of Technology Hyderabad, Kandi, Sangareddy 502284 Telangana, India
| | - Satinder Kaur Brar
- Department
of Civil Engineering, Lassonde School of Engineering, York University, North
York, Toronto M3J1P3, Canada
| | - Gopalakrishnan Kumar
- School
of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic
of Korea
| | - Vinod Kumar
- School of
Water, Energy and Environment, Cranfield
University, Cranfield MK43 0AL, U.K.
- Department
of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian
Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee 247667 Uttarakhand, India
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Shirvani R, Bartik A, Alves GAS, Garcia de Otazo Hernandez D, Müller S, Föttinger K, Steiger MG. Nitrogen recovery from low-value biogenic feedstocks via steam gasification to methylotrophic yeast biomass. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1179269. [PMID: 37362211 PMCID: PMC10289294 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1179269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Carbon and nitrogen are crucial elements for life and must be efficiently regenerated in a circular economy. Biomass streams at the end of their useful life, such as sewage sludge, are difficult to recycle even though they contain organic carbon and nitrogen components. Gasification is an emerging technology to utilize such challenging waste streams and produce syngas that can be further processed into, e.g., Fischer-Tropsch fuels, methane, or methanol. Here, the objective is to investigate if nitrogen can be recovered from product gas cleaning in a dual fluidized bed (DFB) after gasification of softwood pellets to form yeast biomass. Yeast biomass is a protein-rich product, which can be used for food and feed applications. An aqueous solution containing ammonium at a concentration of 66 mM was obtained and by adding other nutrients it enables the growth of the methylotrophic yeast Komagataella phaffii to form 6.2 g.L-1 dry yeast biomass in 3 days. To further integrate the process, it is discussed how methanol can be obtained from syngas by chemical catalysis, which is used as a carbon source for the yeast culture. Furthermore, different gas compositions derived from the gasification of biogenic feedstocks including sewage sludge, bark, and chicken manure are evaluated for their ability to yield methanol and yeast biomass. The different feedstocks are compared based on their potential to yield methanol and ammonia, which are required for the generation of yeast biomass. It was found that the gasification of bark and chicken manure yields a balanced carbon and nitrogen source for the formation of yeast biomass. Overall, a novel integrated process concept based on renewable, biogenic feedstocks is proposed connecting gasification with methanol synthesis to enable the formation of protein-rich yeast biomass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roghayeh Shirvani
- Research Group Biochemistry, Institute of Chemical, Environmental and Bioscience Engineering, TU Wien, Vienna, Austria
- Doctoral College CO2Refinery, Faculty of Technical Chemistry, TU Wien, Vienna, Austria
| | - Alexander Bartik
- Doctoral College CO2Refinery, Faculty of Technical Chemistry, TU Wien, Vienna, Austria
- Research group Industrial Plant Engineering and Application of Digital Methods, Institute of Chemical, Environmental and Bioscience Engineering, TU Wien, Vienna, Austria
| | - Gustavo A. S. Alves
- Doctoral College CO2Refinery, Faculty of Technical Chemistry, TU Wien, Vienna, Austria
- Research Group Technical Catalysis, Institute of Materials Chemistry, TU Wien, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Stefan Müller
- Doctoral College CO2Refinery, Faculty of Technical Chemistry, TU Wien, Vienna, Austria
- Research group Industrial Plant Engineering and Application of Digital Methods, Institute of Chemical, Environmental and Bioscience Engineering, TU Wien, Vienna, Austria
| | - Karin Föttinger
- Doctoral College CO2Refinery, Faculty of Technical Chemistry, TU Wien, Vienna, Austria
- Research Group Technical Catalysis, Institute of Materials Chemistry, TU Wien, Vienna, Austria
| | - Matthias G. Steiger
- Research Group Biochemistry, Institute of Chemical, Environmental and Bioscience Engineering, TU Wien, Vienna, Austria
- Doctoral College CO2Refinery, Faculty of Technical Chemistry, TU Wien, Vienna, Austria
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Del-Castillo-Llamosas A, Rodríguez-Rebelo F, Rodríguez-Martínez B, Mallo-Fraga A, Del-Río PG, Gullón B. Valorization of Avocado Seed Wastes for Antioxidant Phenolics and Carbohydrates Recovery Using Deep Eutectic Solvents (DES). Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1156. [PMID: 37371886 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12061156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Avocado seeds represent the chief waste produced in avocado processing, leading not only to environmental problems regarding its elimination but to a loss of economic profitability. In fact, avocado seeds are known as interesting sources of bioactive compounds and carbohydrates, so their utilization may reduce the negative effect produced during the industrial manufacture of avocado-related products. In this sense, deep eutectic solvents (DES) are a novel greener alternative than organic solvents to extract bioactive polyphenols and carbohydrates. The study was based on a Box-Behnken experimental design to study the effect of three factors, temperature (40, 50, 60 °C), time (60, 120, 180 min) and water content (10, 30, 50% v/v) on the responses of total phenolic (TPC) and flavonoid content (TFC), antioxidant capacity (measured as ABTS and FRAP) and xylose content in the extract. The DES Choline chloride:glycerol (1:1) was used as solvent on avocado seed. Under optimal conditions, TPC: 19.71 mg GAE/g, TFC: 33.41 mg RE/g, ABTS: 20.91 mg TE/g, FRAP: 15.59 mg TE/g and xylose: 5.47 g/L were obtained. The tentative identification of eight phenolic compounds was assayed via HPLC-ESI. The carbohydrate content of the solid residue was also evaluated, and that solid was subjected to two different processing (delignification with DES and microwave-assisted autohydrolysis) to increase the glucan susceptibility to enzymes, and was also assayed reaching almost quantitative glucose yields. These results, added to the non-toxic, eco-friendly, and economic nature of DES, demonstrate that these solvents are an efficient alternative to organic solvents to recover phenolics and carbohydrates from food wastes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Fernando Rodríguez-Rebelo
- Departamento de Enxeñaría Química, Facultade de Ciencias, Universidade de Vigo, 32004 Ourense, Spain
| | | | - Adrián Mallo-Fraga
- Departamento de Enxeñaría Química, Facultade de Ciencias, Universidade de Vigo, 32004 Ourense, Spain
| | - Pablo G Del-Río
- Departamento de Enxeñaría Química, Facultade de Ciencias, Universidade de Vigo, 32004 Ourense, Spain
- Stokes Laboratories, School of Engineering, Bernal Institute, University of Limerick, V94 T9PX Limerick, Ireland
| | - Beatriz Gullón
- Departamento de Enxeñaría Química, Facultade de Ciencias, Universidade de Vigo, 32004 Ourense, Spain
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34
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Silva JDME, Martins LHDS, Moreira DKT, Silva LDP, Barbosa PDPM, Komesu A, Ferreira NR, Oliveira JARD. Microbial Lipid Based Biorefinery Concepts: A Review of Status and Prospects. Foods 2023; 12:foods12102074. [PMID: 37238892 DOI: 10.3390/foods12102074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The use of lignocellulosic biomass as a raw material for the production of lipids has gained increasing attention, especially in recent years when the use of food in the production of biofuels has become a current technology. Thus, the competition for raw materials for both uses has brought the need to create technological alternatives to reduce this competition that could generate a reduction in the volume of food offered and a consequent commercial increase in the value of food. Furthermore, the use of microbial oils has been studied in many industrial branches, from the generation of renewable energy to the obtainment of several value-added products in the pharmaceutical and food industries. Thus, this review provides an overview of the feasibility and challenges observed in the production of microbial lipids through the use of lignocellulosic biomass in a biorefinery. Topics covered include biorefining technology, the microbial oil market, oily microorganisms, mechanisms involved in lipid-producing microbial metabolism, strain development, processes, lignocellulosic lipids, technical drawbacks, and lipid recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonilson de Melo E Silva
- Program of Food Science and Technology, Federal University of Pará (UFPA), Belém 66075-110, PA, Brazil
| | | | | | - Leonardo do Prado Silva
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Faculty of Food Engineering (FEA), State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas 13083-862, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Andrea Komesu
- Department of Marine Sciences (DCMar), Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), Santos 11070-100, SP, Brazil
| | - Nelson Rosa Ferreira
- Faculty of Food Engineering, Technology Institute, Federal University of Pará (UFPA), Belém 66077-000, PA, Brazil
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Santana MB, Soares LB, Zanella E, Fellipe da Silva M, Stambuk BU, Goldbeck R, Ambrosi A, Zielinski A, Poletto P, Ienczak JL. Hydrothermal pretreatment for the production of prebiotic oligosaccharides from tobacco stem. Bioresour Technol 2023; 382:129169. [PMID: 37187330 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.129169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 05/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Tobacco stem is an abundant and inexpensive renewable source to produce prebiotics by circular economy. In this study, hydrothermal pretreatments were evaluated on the release of xylooligosaccharides (XOS) and cello-oligosaccharides (COS) from the tobacco stem by a central composite rotational design associated with response surface methodology to evaluate the effects of temperature (161.72 to 218.3 °C) and solid load (SL) (2.93 to 17.07%). XOS were the main compounds released to the liquor. Desirability function was performed to maximize the production of XOS and minimize the effects of release of monosaccharides and degradation compounds. The result indicated yield of 96% w[XOS]/w[xylan] for 190 °C-2.93% SL. The highest value for COS and total oligomers content (COS + XOS) was 6.42 g/L and 17.7 g/L, respectively, for 190 °C-17.07% SL. The mass balance for the best yield XOS condition predicted 132 kg of XOS (X2-X6) from 1000 kg of tobacco stem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcel B Santana
- Department of Chemical and Food Engineering, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Lauren B Soares
- Department of Chemical and Food Engineering, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Zanella
- Center of Biological Sciences, Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Marcos Fellipe da Silva
- Bioprocess and Metabolic Engineering Laboratory, School of Food Engineering, Department of Food Engineering and Technology, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Boris U Stambuk
- Center of Biological Sciences, Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Rosana Goldbeck
- Bioprocess and Metabolic Engineering Laboratory, School of Food Engineering, Department of Food Engineering and Technology, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Alan Ambrosi
- Department of Chemical and Food Engineering, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Acácio Zielinski
- Department of Chemical and Food Engineering, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Patrícia Poletto
- Department of Chemical and Food Engineering, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil.
| | - Jaciane L Ienczak
- Department of Chemical and Food Engineering, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
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Zhu Y, Luan Y, Zhao Y, Liu J, Duan Z, Ruan R. Current Technologies and Uses for Fruit and Vegetable Wastes in a Sustainable System: A Review. Foods 2023; 12:foods12101949. [PMID: 37238767 DOI: 10.3390/foods12101949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The fruit and vegetable industry produces millions of tons of residues, which can cause large economic losses. Fruit and vegetable wastes and by-products contain a large number of bioactive substances with functional ingredients that have antioxidant, antibacterial, and other properties. Current technologies can utilize fruit and vegetable waste and by-products as ingredients, food bioactive compounds, and biofuels. Traditional and commercial utilization in the food industry includes such technologies as microwave-assisted extraction (MAE), supercritical fluid extraction (SFE), ultrasonic-assisted extraction (UAE), and high hydrostatic pressure technique (HHP). Biorefinery methods for converting fruit and vegetable wastes into biofuels, such as anaerobic digestion (AD), fermentation, incineration, pyrolysis and gasification, and hydrothermal carbonization, are described. This study provides strategies for the processing of fruit and vegetable wastes using eco-friendly technologies and lays a foundation for the utilization of fruit and vegetable loss/waste and by-products in a sustainable system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingdan Zhu
- Institute of Cereal & Oil Science and Technology, Academy of National Food and Strategic Reserves Administration, Beijing 100037, China
| | - Yueting Luan
- Institute of Cereal & Oil Science and Technology, Academy of National Food and Strategic Reserves Administration, Beijing 100037, China
- College of Food Science, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, China
| | - Yingnan Zhao
- Institute of Cereal & Oil Science and Technology, Academy of National Food and Strategic Reserves Administration, Beijing 100037, China
- College of Food Science, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, China
| | - Jiali Liu
- Institute of Cereal & Oil Science and Technology, Academy of National Food and Strategic Reserves Administration, Beijing 100037, China
- College of Food Science, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, China
| | - Zhangqun Duan
- Institute of Cereal & Oil Science and Technology, Academy of National Food and Strategic Reserves Administration, Beijing 100037, China
| | - Roger Ruan
- Center for Biorefining and Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems Engineering, University of Minnesota, 1390 Eckles Ave., St. Paul, MN 55108, USA
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Chernysheva DV, Sidash EA, Konstantinov MS, Klushin VA, Tokarev DV, Andreeva VE, Kolesnikov EA, Kaichev VV, Smirnova NV, Ananikov VP. "Liquid-To-Solid" Conversion of Biomass Wastes Enhanced by Uniform Nitrogen Doping for the Preparation of High-Value-Added Carbon Materials for Energy Storage with Superior Characteristics. ChemSusChem 2023; 16:e202202065. [PMID: 36651314 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202202065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Sustainable human development urgently calls for decreasing the cost of energy storage. Continuous massive consumption of dedicated carbon electrode materials with complex internal molecular architectures requires rethinking both the source of materials and the process of their production. Finding an efficient sustainable solution is focused on the reuse and development of waste processing into corresponding high-value-added carbon materials. The processing of solid wastes into solid value-added carbon materials ("solid-to-solid") is relatively well developed but can be a two-stage process involving carbon architecture rearrangement and heteroatom doping. Processing liquid wastes into high-value-added solid material ("liquid-to-solid") is typically much more challenging with the need for different production equipment. In the present study, a new approach is developed to bypass the difficulty in the "liquid-to-solid" conversion and simultaneously built in the ability for heteroatom doping within one production stage. Polycondensation of liquid humins waste with melamine (as a nitrogen-containing cross-linking component) results in solidification with preferential C and N atomic arrangements. For subsequent thermochemical conversion of the obtained solidified wastes, complicated equipment is no longer required, and under simple process conditions, carbon materials for energy storage with superior characteristics were obtained. A complete sequence is reported in the present study, including liquid waste processing, nitrogen incorporation, carbon material production, structural study of the obtained materials, detailed electrochemical evaluation and real supercapacitor device manufacture and testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daria V Chernysheva
- Platov South-Russian State Polytechnic University (NPI), Prosveschenia str. 132, Novocherkassk, 346428, Russia
| | - Ekaterina A Sidash
- Platov South-Russian State Polytechnic University (NPI), Prosveschenia str. 132, Novocherkassk, 346428, Russia
| | - Maksim S Konstantinov
- Platov South-Russian State Polytechnic University (NPI), Prosveschenia str. 132, Novocherkassk, 346428, Russia
| | - Victor A Klushin
- Platov South-Russian State Polytechnic University (NPI), Prosveschenia str. 132, Novocherkassk, 346428, Russia
| | - Denis V Tokarev
- Platov South-Russian State Polytechnic University (NPI), Prosveschenia str. 132, Novocherkassk, 346428, Russia
| | - Veronica E Andreeva
- Platov South-Russian State Polytechnic University (NPI), Prosveschenia str. 132, Novocherkassk, 346428, Russia
| | - Evgeny A Kolesnikov
- National University of Science and Technology MISiS, Leninskii pr. 4, Moscow, 119049, Russia
| | - Vasily V Kaichev
- Boreskov Institute of Catalysis, Ac. Lavrentieva pr. 5, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
| | - Nina V Smirnova
- Platov South-Russian State Polytechnic University (NPI), Prosveschenia str. 132, Novocherkassk, 346428, Russia
| | - Valentine P Ananikov
- Platov South-Russian State Polytechnic University (NPI), Prosveschenia str. 132, Novocherkassk, 346428, Russia
- Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky pr. 47, Moscow, 119991, Russia
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Østby H, Várnai A. Hemicellulolytic enzymes in lignocellulose processing. Essays Biochem 2023; 67:533-550. [PMID: 37068264 PMCID: PMC10160854 DOI: 10.1042/ebc20220154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/19/2023]
Abstract
Lignocellulosic biomass is the most abundant source of carbon-based material on a global basis, serving as a raw material for cellulosic fibers, hemicellulosic polymers, platform sugars, and lignin resins or monomers. In nature, the various components of lignocellulose (primarily cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin) are decomposed by saprophytic fungi and bacteria utilizing specialized enzymes. Enzymes are specific catalysts and can, in many cases, be produced on-site at lignocellulose biorefineries. In addition to reducing the use of often less environmentally friendly chemical processes, the application of such enzymes in lignocellulose processing to obtain a range of specialty products can maximize the use of the feedstock and valorize many of the traditionally underutilized components of lignocellulose, while increasing the economic viability of the biorefinery. While cellulose has a rich history of use in the pulp and paper industries, the hemicellulosic fraction of lignocellulose remains relatively underutilized in modern biorefineries, among other reasons due to the heterogeneous chemical structure of hemicellulose polysaccharides, the composition of which varies significantly according to the feedstock and the choice of pretreatment method and extraction solvent. This paper reviews the potential of hemicellulose in lignocellulose processing with focus on what can be achieved using enzymatic means. In particular, we discuss the various enzyme activities required for complete depolymerization of the primary hemicellulose types found in plant cell walls and for the upgrading of hemicellulosic polymers, oligosaccharides, and pentose sugars derived from hemicellulose depolymerization into a broad spectrum of value-added products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heidi Østby
- Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), Faculty of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Food Science, P.O. Box 5003, N-1432 Aas, Norway
| | - Anikó Várnai
- Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), Faculty of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Food Science, P.O. Box 5003, N-1432 Aas, Norway
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Parmar P, Kumar R, Neha Y, Srivatsan V. Microalgae as next generation plant growth additives: Functions, applications, challenges and circular bioeconomy based solutions. Front Plant Sci 2023; 14:1073546. [PMID: 37063190 PMCID: PMC10101342 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1073546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Sustainable agriculture practices involve the application of environment-friendly plant growth promoters and additives that do not negatively impact the health of the ecosystem. Stringent regulatory frameworks restricting the use of synthetic agrochemicals and the increase in demand for organically grown crops have paved the way for the development of novel bio-based plant growth promoters. In this context, microalgae biomass and derived agrochemicals offer novel sources of plant growth promotors that enhance crop productivity and impart disease resistance. These beneficial effects could be attributed to the presence of wide range of biomolecules such as soluble amino acid (AA), micronutrients, polysaccharides, phytohormones and other signaling molecules in microalgae biomass. In addition, their phototrophic nature, high photosynthetic efficiency, and wide environmental adaptability make them an attractive source of biostimulants, biofertilizers and biopesticides. The present review aims to describe the various plant growth promoting metabolites produced by microalgae and their effects on plant growth and productivity. Further, the effects elicited by microalgae biostimulants with respect to different modes of applications such as seed treatments, foliar spray and soil/root drenching is reviewed in detail. In addition, the ability of microalgae metabolites to impart tolerance against various abiotic and biotic stressors along with the mechanism of action is discussed in this paper. Although the use of microalgae based biofertilizers and biostimulants is gaining popularity, the high nutrient and water requirements and energy intensive downstream processes makes microalgae based technology commercially unsustainable. Addressing this challenge, we propose a circular economy model of microalgae mediated bioremediation coupled with biorefinery approaches of generating high value metabolites along with biofertilizer applications. We discuss and review new trends in enhancing the sustainability of microalgae biomass production by co-cultivation of algae with hydroponics and utilization of agriculture effluents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyanka Parmar
- Applied Phycology and Food Technology Laboratory, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)- Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, Himachal Pradesh, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Council of Scientific and Industrial Research -Human Resource Development Centre (CSIR-HRDC), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Raman Kumar
- Applied Phycology and Food Technology Laboratory, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)- Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, Himachal Pradesh, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Council of Scientific and Industrial Research -Human Resource Development Centre (CSIR-HRDC), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Yograj Neha
- Applied Phycology and Food Technology Laboratory, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)- Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Vidyashankar Srivatsan
- Applied Phycology and Food Technology Laboratory, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)- Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, Himachal Pradesh, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Council of Scientific and Industrial Research -Human Resource Development Centre (CSIR-HRDC), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Santos IL, Rodrigues AMDC, Amante ER, Silva LHMD. Soursop ( Annona muricata) Properties and Perspectives for Integral Valorization. Foods 2023; 12:foods12071448. [PMID: 37048268 PMCID: PMC10093693 DOI: 10.3390/foods12071448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The increased international interest in the properties of soursop (Annona muricata) alerts us to the sustainability of productive chain by-products, which are rich in phytochemicals and other properties justifying their industrial application in addition to reducing the environmental impact and generating income. Chemical characteristics of soursop by-products are widely known in the scientific community; this fruit has several therapeutic effects, especially its leaves, enabling it to be used by the pharmaceutical industry. Damaged and non-standard fruits (due to falling and crushing) (30-50%), seeds (3-8.5%), peels (7-20%), and leaves, although they constitute discarded waste, can be considered as by-products. There are other less cited parts of the plant that also have phytochemical components, such as the columella and the epidermis of the stem and root. Tropical countries are examples of producers where soursop is marketed as fresh fruit or frozen pulp, and the valorization of all parts of the fruit could represent important environmental and economic perspectives. Based on the chemical composition of the fruit as well as its by-products and leaves, this work discusses proposals for the valorization of these materials. Soursop powder, bioactive compounds, oil, biochar, biodiesel, bio-oil, and other products based on published studies are presented in this work, offering new ideas for opportunities for the regions and consumers that produce soursop.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivone Lima Santos
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência e Tecnologia de Alimentos (PPGCTA) [Graduate Program in Science and Food Technology], Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA), Belém 66075-110, Pará, Brazil
| | - Antonio Manoel da Cruz Rodrigues
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência e Tecnologia de Alimentos (PPGCTA) [Graduate Program in Science and Food Technology], Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA), Belém 66075-110, Pará, Brazil
| | - Edna Regina Amante
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência e Tecnologia de Alimentos (PPGCTA) [Graduate Program in Science and Food Technology], Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA), Belém 66075-110, Pará, Brazil
| | - Luiza Helena Meller da Silva
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência e Tecnologia de Alimentos (PPGCTA) [Graduate Program in Science and Food Technology], Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA), Belém 66075-110, Pará, Brazil
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Russo GL, Langellotti AL, Verardo V, Martín-García B, Oliviero M, Baselice M, Di Pierro P, Sorrentino A, Viscardi S, Marileo L, Sacchi R, Masi P. Bioconversion of Cheese Whey and Food By-Products by Phaeodactylum tricornutum into Fucoxanthin and n-3 Lc-PUFA through a Biorefinery Approach. Mar Drugs 2023; 21:md21030190. [PMID: 36976239 PMCID: PMC10054534 DOI: 10.3390/md21030190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
This study investigates the potential of utilizing three food wastes: cheese whey (CW), beet molasses (BM), and corn steep liquor (CSL) as alternative nutrient sources for the cultivation of the diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum, a promising source of polyunsaturated eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and the carotenoid fucoxanthin. The CW media tested did not significantly impact the growth rate of P. tricornutum; however, CW hydrolysate significantly enhances cell growth. BM in cultivation medium enhances biomass production and fucoxanthin yield. The optimization of the new food waste medium was conducted through the application of a response surface methodology (RSM) using hydrolyzed CW, BM, and CSL as factors. The results showed a significant positive impact of these factors (p < 0.005), with an optimized biomass yield of 2.35 g L-1 and a fucoxanthin yield of 3.64 mg L-1 using a medium composed of 33 mL L-1 of CW, 2.3 g L-1 of BM, and 2.24 g L-1 of CSL. The experimental results reported in this study showed that some food by-products from a biorefinery perspective could be utilized for the efficient production of fucoxanthin and other high-added-value products such as eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA).
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Luca Russo
- CAISIAL Center, University of Naples Federico II, Via Università 133, 80055 Portici, Italy
| | | | - Vito Verardo
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Campus of Cartuja, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology 'José Mataix', Biomedical Research Center, University of Granada, Avda del Conocimiento sn., 18100 Granada, Spain
| | - Beatriz Martín-García
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Campus of Cartuja, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology 'José Mataix', Biomedical Research Center, University of Granada, Avda del Conocimiento sn., 18100 Granada, Spain
| | - Maria Oliviero
- Department of Animal Health, Experimental Zooprophylactic Institute of Southern Italy, Via Salute, 2, 80055 Portici, Italy
| | - Marco Baselice
- Department of Civil, Environmental, Land, Construction and Chemistry (DICATECh), Politecnico di Bari, 70126 Bari, Italy
| | - Prospero Di Pierro
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, Unit of Food Science and Technology, University of Naples Federico II, 80055 Portici, Italy
| | - Angela Sorrentino
- CAISIAL Center, University of Naples Federico II, Via Università 133, 80055 Portici, Italy
| | - Sharon Viscardi
- Biotechnology of Functional Foods Laboratory, Camino Sanquilco, Parcela 18, Padre Las Casas 4850827, La Araucanía, Chile
- Núcleo de Investigación en Producción Alimentaria, Universidad Católica de Temuco, Rudecindo Ortega 02950, Temuco 4780694, La Araucanía, Chile
| | - Luis Marileo
- Biotechnology of Functional Foods Laboratory, Camino Sanquilco, Parcela 18, Padre Las Casas 4850827, La Araucanía, Chile
- Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias Agropecuarias, Facultad de Recursos Naturales, Universidad Católica de Temuco, Rudecindo Ortega 02950, Temuco 4813302, La Araucanía, Chile
| | - Raffaele Sacchi
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, Unit of Food Science and Technology, University of Naples Federico II, 80055 Portici, Italy
| | - Paolo Masi
- CAISIAL Center, University of Naples Federico II, Via Università 133, 80055 Portici, Italy
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, Unit of Food Science and Technology, University of Naples Federico II, 80055 Portici, Italy
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Hulkko LSS, Rocha RM, Trentin R, Fredsgaard M, Chaturvedi T, Custódio L, Thomsen MH. Bioactive Extracts from Salicornia ramosissima J. Woods Biorefinery as a Source of Ingredients for High-Value Industries. Plants (Basel) 2023; 12:1251. [PMID: 36986939 PMCID: PMC10056203 DOI: 10.3390/plants12061251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Salt-tolerant plants, also known as halophytes, could provide a novel source of feedstock for biorefineries. After harvesting fresh shoots for food, the lignified fraction of Salicornia ramosissima J. Woods could be used to produce bioactive botanical extracts for high-value industries such as nutraceuticals, cosmetics, and biopharmaceuticals. The residual fraction after extraction can be further used for bioenergy or lignocellulose-derived platform chemicals. This work analysed S. ramosissima from different sources and growth stages. After pre-processing and extractions, the obtained fractions were analysed for their contents of fatty acids, pigments, and total phenolics. Extracts were also evaluated for their in vitro antioxidant properties and inhibitory effect towards enzymes related to diabetes, hyperpigmentation, obesity, and neurogenerative diseases. The ethanol extract from the fibre residue and the water extract from completely lignified plants showed the highest concentration of phenolic compounds along with the highest antioxidant potential and enzyme-inhibitory properties. Hence, they should be further explored in the context of biorefinery.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rui Miranda Rocha
- RIASEARCH, Lda., Cais da Ribeira de Pardelhas 21, 3870-168 Murtosa, Portugal
| | - Riccardo Trentin
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Via U. Bassi 58/B, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Malthe Fredsgaard
- AAU Energy, Aalborg University, Niels Bohrs Vej 8, 6700 Esbjerg, Denmark
| | - Tanmay Chaturvedi
- AAU Energy, Aalborg University, Niels Bohrs Vej 8, 6700 Esbjerg, Denmark
| | - Luísa Custódio
- Centre of Marine Sciences, University of Algarve, Campus of Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
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Bulgari D, Alias C, Peron G, Ribaudo G, Gianoncelli A, Savino S, Boureghda H, Bouznad Z, Monti E, Gobbi E. Solid-State Fermentation of Trichoderma spp.: A New Way to Valorize the Agricultural Digestate and Produce Value-Added Bioproducts. J Agric Food Chem 2023; 71:3994-4004. [PMID: 36735958 PMCID: PMC9999421 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c07388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the agricultural digestate from anaerobic biogas production mixed with food wastes was used as a substrate to grow Trichoderma reesei RUT-C30 and Trichoderma atroviride Ta13 in solid-state fermentation (SSF) and produce high-value bioproducts, such as bioactive molecules to be used as ingredients for biostimulants. The Trichoderma spp. reached their maximum growth after 6 and 3 SSF days, respectively. Both Trichoderma species were able to produce cellulase, esterase, and citric and malic acids, while T. atroviride also produced gibberellins and oxylipins as shown by ultraperformance liquid chromatography with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-QTOF-MS) profiling. Experimental evaluation of germination parameters highlighted a significant promotion of tomato seed germination and root elongation induced by T. atroviride crude extracts from SSF. This study suggests an innovative sustainable use of the whole digestate mixed with agro-food waste as a valuable substrate in fungal biorefineries. Here, it has been applied to produce plant growth-promoting fungi and bioactive molecules for sustainable agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Bulgari
- Agri-Food
and Environmental Microbiology Platform, Department of Molecular and
Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Viale Europa, 11, 25123Brescia, Italy
| | - Carlotta Alias
- Agri-Food
and Environmental Microbiology Platform, Department of Molecular and
Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Viale Europa, 11, 25123Brescia, Italy
- B+LabNet-Environmental
Sustainability Lab, University of Brescia, Via Branze 45, 25123Brescia, Italy
| | - Gregorio Peron
- Proteomics
Platform, AgroFood Lab, Department of Molecular and Translational
Medicine, University of Brescia, Viale Europa, 11, 25123Brescia, Italy
| | - Giovanni Ribaudo
- Proteomics
Platform, AgroFood Lab, Department of Molecular and Translational
Medicine, University of Brescia, Viale Europa, 11, 25123Brescia, Italy
| | - Alessandra Gianoncelli
- Proteomics
Platform, AgroFood Lab, Department of Molecular and Translational
Medicine, University of Brescia, Viale Europa, 11, 25123Brescia, Italy
| | - Salvatore Savino
- Unit
of Biotechnology, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Viale Europa 11, 25123Brescia, Italy
| | - Houda Boureghda
- Department
of Botany, Laboratory of Phytopathology and Molecular Biology, Ecole Nationale Supérieure Agronomique (ENSA), El Harrach, Algiers16200, Algeria
| | - Zouaoui Bouznad
- Department
of Botany, Laboratory of Phytopathology and Molecular Biology, Ecole Nationale Supérieure Agronomique (ENSA), El Harrach, Algiers16200, Algeria
| | - Eugenio Monti
- Unit
of Biotechnology, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Viale Europa 11, 25123Brescia, Italy
| | - Emanuela Gobbi
- Agri-Food
and Environmental Microbiology Platform, Department of Molecular and
Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Viale Europa, 11, 25123Brescia, Italy
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Hansen LD, Eijsink VGH, Horn SJ, Várnai A. H 2 O 2 feeding enables LPMO-assisted cellulose saccharification during simultaneous fermentative production of lactic acid. Biotechnol Bioeng 2023; 120:726-736. [PMID: 36471631 DOI: 10.1002/bit.28298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF) is a well-known strategy for valorization of lignocellulosic biomass. Because the fermentation process typically is anaerobic, oxidative enzymes found in modern commercial cellulase cocktails, such as lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases (LPMOs), may be inhibited, limiting the overall efficiency of the enzymatic saccharification. Recent discoveries, however, have shown that LPMOs are active under anoxic conditions if they are provided with H2 O2 at low concentrations. In this study, we build on this concept and investigate the potential of using externally added H2 O2 to sustain oxidative cellulose depolymerization by LPMOs during an SSF process for lactic acid production. The results of bioreactor experiments with 100 g/L cellulose clearly show that continuous addition of small amounts of H2 O2 (at a rate of 80 µM/h) during SSF enables LPMO activity and improves lactic acid production. While further process optimization is needed, the present proof-of-concept results show that modern LPMO-containing cellulase cocktails such as Cellic CTec2 can be used in SSF setups, without sacrificing the LPMO activity in these cocktails.
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Affiliation(s)
- Line D Hansen
- Faculty of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Food Science, Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), Aas, Norway
| | - Vincent G H Eijsink
- Faculty of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Food Science, Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), Aas, Norway
| | - Svein J Horn
- Faculty of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Food Science, Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), Aas, Norway
| | - Anikó Várnai
- Faculty of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Food Science, Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), Aas, Norway
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Godina D, Makars R, Paze A, Rizhikovs J. Analytical Method Cluster Development for Comprehensive Characterisation of Suberinic Acids Derived from Birch Outer Bark. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28052227. [PMID: 36903473 PMCID: PMC10005158 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28052227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Suberin is a complex polyester biopolymer, and it is practically impossible to estimate the real content of suberin in suberised plant tissues. This indicates the importance of the development of instrumental analytical methods for the comprehensive characterisation of suberin derived from plant biomass for the successful integration of suberinic products into biorefinery production chains. In this study, we optimised two GC-MS methods-one with direct sylilation, and the second with additional depolymerisation, using GPC methods with RI detector and polystyrene calibration and with a three-angle light scattering detector and an eighteen-angle light scattering detector. We also performed MALDI-Tof analysis for non-degraded suberin structure determination. We characterised suberinic acid (SA) samples obtained from birch outer bark after alkaline depolymerisation. The samples were particularly rich in diols, fatty acids and their esters, hydroxyacids and their corresponding esters, diacids and their corresponding esters, as well as extracts (mainly betulin and lupeol) and carbohydrates. To remove phenolic-type admixtures, treatment with ferric chloride (FeCl3) was used. The SA treatment with FeCl3 allows the possibility to obtain a sample that has a lower content of phenolic-type compounds and a lower molecular weight than an untreated sample. It was possible to identify the main free monomeric units of SA samples by GC-MS system using direct silylation. By performing an additional depolymerisation step before silylation, it was possible to characterise the complete potential monomeric unit composition in the suberin sample. For the molar mass distribution determination, it is important to perform GPC analysis. Even though chromatographic results can be obtained using a three- laser MALS detector, they are not fully correct because of the fluorescence of the SA samples. Therefore an 18-angle MALS detector with filters was more suitable for SA analysis. MALDI-Tof analysis is a great tool for the polymeric compound structural identification, which cannot be done using GC-MS. Using the MALDI data, we discovered that the main monomeric units that makes up the SA macromolecular structure are octadecanedioic acid and 2-(1,3-dihydroxyprop-2-oxy)decanedioic acid. This corresponds with GC-MS results, showing that after depolymerisation hydroxyacids and diacids were the dominant type of compounds found in the sample.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Godina
- Biorefinery Laboratory, Latvian State Institute of Wood Chemistry, LV-1006 Riga, Latvia
- Correspondence:
| | - Raimonds Makars
- Biorefinery Laboratory, Latvian State Institute of Wood Chemistry, LV-1006 Riga, Latvia
- PolyLabs SIA, Mukusalas iela 46, LV-1004 Riga, Latvia
| | - Aigars Paze
- Biorefinery Laboratory, Latvian State Institute of Wood Chemistry, LV-1006 Riga, Latvia
| | - Janis Rizhikovs
- Biorefinery Laboratory, Latvian State Institute of Wood Chemistry, LV-1006 Riga, Latvia
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Toledo E, Félix C, Vicente TFL, Augusto A, Félix R, Toledo B, Silva J, Trindade C, Raimundo D, Lemos MFL. Seaweed Extracts to Control Postharvest Phytopathogenic Fungi in Rocha Pear. J Fungi (Basel) 2023; 9:jof9020269. [PMID: 36836383 PMCID: PMC9967800 DOI: 10.3390/jof9020269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Fungal infections cause losses amounting to between 20 and 25% of the fruit industry's total outcome, with an escalating impact on agriculture in the last decades. As seaweeds have long demonstrated relevant antimicrobial properties against a wide variety of microorganisms, extracts from Asparagopsis armata, Codium sp., Fucus vesiculosus, and Sargassum muticum were used to find sustainable, ecofriendly, and safe solutions against Rocha pear postharvest fungal infections. Alternaria alternata, Botrytis cinerea, Fusarium oxysporum, and Penicillium expansum mycelial growth and spore germination inhibition activities were tested in vitro with five different extracts of each seaweed (n-hexane, ethyl acetate, aqueous, ethanolic, and hydroethanolic). An in vivo assay was then performed using the aqueous extracts against B. cinerea and F. oxysporum in Rocha pear. The n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and ethanolic extracts from A. armata showed the best in vitro inhibitory activity against B. cinerea, F. oxysporum, and P. expansum, and promising in vivo results against B. cinerea using S. muticum aqueous extract were also found. The present work highlights the contribution of seaweeds to tackle agricultural problems, namely postharvest phytopathogenic fungal diseases, contributing to a greener and more sustainable bioeconomy from the sea to the farm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eloísa Toledo
- MARE-Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre & ARNET—Aquatic Research Network Associated Laboratory, ESTM, Polytechnic of Leiria, 2520-641 Peniche, Portugal
| | - Carina Félix
- MARE-Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre & ARNET—Aquatic Research Network Associated Laboratory, ESTM, Polytechnic of Leiria, 2520-641 Peniche, Portugal
| | - Tânia F. L. Vicente
- MARE-Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre & ARNET—Aquatic Research Network Associated Laboratory, ESTM, Polytechnic of Leiria, 2520-641 Peniche, Portugal
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Laboratório de Farmacognosia, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Ana Augusto
- MARE-Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre & ARNET—Aquatic Research Network Associated Laboratory, ESTM, Polytechnic of Leiria, 2520-641 Peniche, Portugal
| | - Rafael Félix
- MARE-Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre & ARNET—Aquatic Research Network Associated Laboratory, ESTM, Polytechnic of Leiria, 2520-641 Peniche, Portugal
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Laboratório de Farmacognosia, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Bernardo Toledo
- Departamento de Ecología Integrativa, Estación Biológica de Doñana (EBD), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), 41092 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Joana Silva
- MARE-Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre & ARNET—Aquatic Research Network Associated Laboratory, ESTM, Polytechnic of Leiria, 2520-641 Peniche, Portugal
| | | | | | - Marco F. L. Lemos
- MARE-Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre & ARNET—Aquatic Research Network Associated Laboratory, ESTM, Polytechnic of Leiria, 2520-641 Peniche, Portugal
- Correspondence:
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47
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Halysh V, Romero-García JM, Vidal AM, Kulik T, Palianytsia B, García M, Castro E. Apricot Seed Shells and Walnut Shells as Unconventional Sugars and Lignin Sources. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28031455. [PMID: 36771117 PMCID: PMC9918925 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28031455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study focuses on using apricot seeds shells and walnut shells as a potential renewable material for biorefinery in Ukraine. The goal of the research work was to determine the relationship between the chemical composition of solid residues from biomass after acid pretreatment with H2SO4, alkaline pretreatment with NaOH, and a steam explosion pretreatment and the recovery of sugars and lignin after further enzymatic hydrolysis with the application of an industrial cellulase Cellic CTec2. Apricot seeds shells and walnut shells consist of lots of cellulose (35.01 and 24.19%, respectively), lignin (44.55% and 44.63%, respectively), hemicelluloses (10.77% and 26.68%, respectively), and extractives (9.97% and 11.41%, respectively), which affect the efficiency of the bioconversion of polysaccharides to sugars. The alkaline pretreatment was found to be more efficient in terms of glucose yield in comparison with that of acid and steam explosion, and the maximum enzymatic conversions of cellulose reached were 99.7% and 94.6% for the solids from the apricot seeds shells and the walnut shells, respectively. The maximum amount of lignin (82%) in the residual solid was obtained during the processing of apricot seed shells submitted to the acid pretreatment. The amount of lignin in the solids interferes with the efficiency of enzymatic hydrolysis. The results pave the way for the efficient and perspective utilization of shells through the use of inexpensive, simple and affordable chemical technologies, obtaining value-added products, and thus, reducing the amount of environmental pollution (compared to the usual disposal practice of direct burning) and energy and material external dependency (by taking advantage of these renewable, low-cost materials).
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Affiliation(s)
- Vita Halysh
- Department of Ecology and Technology of Plant Polymers, Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute, Peremogy Avenu 37/4, 03056 Kyiv, Ukraine
- Laboratory of Kinetics and Mechanisms of Chemical Reactions on the Surface of Solids, Chuiko Institute of Surface Chemistry, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, General Naumov Str., 17, 03164 Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Juan Miguel Romero-García
- Department of Chemical, Environmental and Materials Engineering, Universidad de Jaén, Campus Las Lagunillas s/n, 23071 Jaén, Spain
- Center for Advanced Studies in Earth Sciences, Energy and Environment (CEACTEMA), Universidad de Jaén, Campus Las Lagunillas s/n, 23071 Jaén, Spain
- Correspondence: (J.M.R.-G.); (E.C.); Tel.: +34-9532182163 (E.C.)
| | - Alfonso M. Vidal
- Department of Chemical, Environmental and Materials Engineering, Universidad de Jaén, Campus Las Lagunillas s/n, 23071 Jaén, Spain
| | - Tetiana Kulik
- Laboratory of Kinetics and Mechanisms of Chemical Reactions on the Surface of Solids, Chuiko Institute of Surface Chemistry, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, General Naumov Str., 17, 03164 Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Borys Palianytsia
- Laboratory of Kinetics and Mechanisms of Chemical Reactions on the Surface of Solids, Chuiko Institute of Surface Chemistry, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, General Naumov Str., 17, 03164 Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Minerva García
- Tecnológico Nacional de México/Instituto Tecnológico de Zitácuaro, Av. Tecnológico No. 186 Manzanillos, Zitácuaro 61534, Michoacán, Mexico
| | - Eulogio Castro
- Department of Chemical, Environmental and Materials Engineering, Universidad de Jaén, Campus Las Lagunillas s/n, 23071 Jaén, Spain
- Center for Advanced Studies in Earth Sciences, Energy and Environment (CEACTEMA), Universidad de Jaén, Campus Las Lagunillas s/n, 23071 Jaén, Spain
- Correspondence: (J.M.R.-G.); (E.C.); Tel.: +34-9532182163 (E.C.)
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48
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Qin RC, Ma YY, Wang D, Bao NZ, Liu CG. Preparation of Cellulose Nanofibers from Corn Stalks by Fenton Reaction: A New Insight into the Mechanism by an Experimental and Theoretical Study. J Agric Food Chem 2023; 71:1907-1920. [PMID: 36652295 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c08475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Agricultural biomass wastes are an abundant feedstock for biorefineries. However, most of these wastes are not treated in the right way. Here, corn stalks (CSs) were assigned as the raw material to produce cellulose nanofibers (CNFs) via in situ Fenton oxidation treatment. In order to probe the formation mechanism of an in situ Fenton reactor, the bonding interaction of hydrated Fe2+ ions and fiber has been systemically studied based on adsorption experiments, IR spectroscopy, density functional theory (DFT) calculations, and Raman spectroscopy. The results indicate that the coordination of the hydrated Fe2+ ion to the fiber generates a quasi-octahedral-coordinated sphere around the Fe center. The Jahn-Teller distortion effect of the Fe center promotes the Fe-O2H2 bonding interaction via reduction of the energy gap of the dz2 orbital of the Fe center and π2py/π2pz orbitals of the H2O2 molecule. The oxidation treatment of the pretreated CS by the in situ Fenton process shows the formation of a new carboxyl group on the fiber surface. The scanning electron microscopy image shows that the Fenton-treated fiber was scattered into the nanosized CNFs with a diameter of up to 50 nm. Both experimental and theoretical studies show that the pseudo-first-order kinetic reaction could describe the in situ Fenton kinetics well. Moreover, the proposed catalytic cycle shows that the large thermodynamic barrier is the cleavage of the O-O bond of H2O2 to generate the •OH radical, and the whole catalytic cycle is found to be spontaneous at room temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui-Cheng Qin
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Beihua University, Jilin City132013, P. R. China
| | - Yi-Ying Ma
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Beihua University, Jilin City132013, P. R. China
| | - Dan Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Beihua University, Jilin City132013, P. R. China
| | - Nan-Zhu Bao
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Beihua University, Jilin City132013, P. R. China
| | - Chun-Guang Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Beihua University, Jilin City132013, P. R. China
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49
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Ortiz-Viedma J, Bastias-Montes JM, Char C, Vega C, Quintriqueo A, Gallón-Bedoya M, Flores M, Aguilera JM, Miranda JM, Barros-Velázquez J. Sequential Biorefining of Bioactive Compounds of High Functional Value from Calafate Pomace ( Berberis microphylla) Using Supercritical CO 2 and Pressurized Liquids. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12020323. [PMID: 36829882 PMCID: PMC9952607 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12020323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
A biorefinery process was developed for a freeze-dried pomace of calafate berries (Berberis microphylla). The process consisted of extraction of lipophilic components with supercritical CO2 (scCO2) and subsequent extraction of the residue with a pressurized mixture of ethanol/water (1:1 v/v). scCO2 extracted oil from the pomace, while pressurized liquid extraction generated a crude extract rich in phenols and a residue rich in fiber, proteins and minerals. Response surface analysis of scCO2 extraction suggested optimal conditions of 60 °C, 358.5 bar and 144.6 min to obtain a lipid extract yield of 11.15% (d.w.). The dark yellow oil extract contained a good ratio of ω6/ω3 fatty acids (1:1.2), provitamin E tocopherols (406.6 mg/kg), and a peroxide index of 8.6 meq O2/kg. Pressurized liquid extraction generated a polar extract with good phenolic content (33 mg gallic acid equivalents /g d.w.), anthocyanins (8 mg/g) and antioxidant capacity (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl test = 25 µg/mL and antioxidant activity = 63 µM Te/g). The extraction kinetics of oil by scCO2 and phenolic compounds were optimally adjusted to the spline model (R2 = 0.989 and R2 = 0.999, respectively). The solid extracted residue presented a fiber content close to cereals (56.4% d.w.) and acceptable values of proteins (29.6% d.w.) and minerals (14.1% d.w.). These eco-friendly processes valorize calafate pomace as a source of ingredients for formulation of healthy foods, nutraceuticals and nutritional supplements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaime Ortiz-Viedma
- Departamento de Ciencia de los Alimentos y Tecnología Química, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Dr. Carlos Lorca 964, Santiago 8320000, Chile
- Correspondence: (J.O.-V.); (M.F.)
| | - José M. Bastias-Montes
- Departamento de Ingeniería en Alimentos, Universidad del Bio-Bio, Avda Andrés Bello 720, Chillan 3800708, Chile
| | - Cielo Char
- Departamento de Ciencia de los Alimentos y Tecnología Química, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Dr. Carlos Lorca 964, Santiago 8320000, Chile
| | - Camila Vega
- Departamento de Ciencia de los Alimentos y Tecnología Química, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Dr. Carlos Lorca 964, Santiago 8320000, Chile
| | - Alejandra Quintriqueo
- Departamento de Ciencia de los Alimentos y Tecnología Química, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Dr. Carlos Lorca 964, Santiago 8320000, Chile
| | - Manuela Gallón-Bedoya
- Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Sede Medellín, Medellín 050034, Colombia
| | - Marcos Flores
- Departamento de Ciencias Básicas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Santo Tomás, Talca 3460000, Chile
- Correspondence: (J.O.-V.); (M.F.)
| | - José M. Aguilera
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química y Bioprocesos, Universidad Católica de Chile, V. Mackenna 3860, Santiago 8940000, Chile
| | - José M. Miranda
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Nutrición y Bromatología, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, 27002 Lugo, Spain
| | - Jorge Barros-Velázquez
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Nutrición y Bromatología, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, 27002 Lugo, Spain
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Osorio-Reyes JG, Valenzuela-Amaro HM, Pizaña-Aranda JJP, Ramírez-Gamboa D, Meléndez-Sánchez ER, López-Arellanes ME, Castañeda-Antonio MD, Coronado-Apodaca KG, Gomes Araújo R, Sosa-Hernández JE, Melchor-Martínez EM, Iqbal HMN, Parra-Saldivar R, Martínez-Ruiz M. Microalgae-Based Biotechnology as Alternative Biofertilizers for Soil Enhancement and Carbon Footprint Reduction: Advantages and Implications. Mar Drugs 2023; 21:md21020093. [PMID: 36827134 PMCID: PMC9958754 DOI: 10.3390/md21020093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 01/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Due to the constant growth of the human population and anthropological activity, it has become necessary to use sustainable and affordable technologies that satisfy the current and future demand for agricultural products. Since the nutrients available to plants in the soil are limited and the need to increase the yields of the crops is desirable, the use of chemical (inorganic or NPK) fertilizers has been widespread over the last decades, causing a nutrient shortage due to their misuse and exploitation, and because of the uncontrolled use of these products, there has been a latent environmental and health problem globally. For this reason, green biotechnology based on the use of microalgae biomass is proposed as a sustainable alternative for development and use as soil improvers for crop cultivation and phytoremediation. This review explores the long-term risks of using chemical fertilizers for both human health (cancer and hypoxia) and the environment (eutrophication and erosion), as well as the potential of microalgae biomass to substitute current fertilizer using different treatments on the biomass and their application methods for the implementation on the soil; additionally, the biomass can be a source of carbon mitigation and wastewater treatment in agro-industrial processes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Diana Ramírez-Gamboa
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Monterrey 64849, Mexico
| | | | | | - Ma. Dolores Castañeda-Antonio
- Centro de Investigaciones en Ciencias Microbiológicas del Instituto de Ciencias, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Puebla 72490, Mexico
| | - Karina G. Coronado-Apodaca
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Monterrey 64849, Mexico
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Institute of Advanced Materials for Sustainable Manufacturing, Monterrey 64849, Mexico
| | - Rafael Gomes Araújo
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Monterrey 64849, Mexico
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Institute of Advanced Materials for Sustainable Manufacturing, Monterrey 64849, Mexico
| | - Juan Eduardo Sosa-Hernández
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Monterrey 64849, Mexico
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Institute of Advanced Materials for Sustainable Manufacturing, Monterrey 64849, Mexico
| | - Elda M. Melchor-Martínez
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Monterrey 64849, Mexico
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Institute of Advanced Materials for Sustainable Manufacturing, Monterrey 64849, Mexico
| | - Hafiz M. N. Iqbal
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Monterrey 64849, Mexico
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Institute of Advanced Materials for Sustainable Manufacturing, Monterrey 64849, Mexico
| | - Roberto Parra-Saldivar
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Monterrey 64849, Mexico
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Institute of Advanced Materials for Sustainable Manufacturing, Monterrey 64849, Mexico
- Correspondence: (R.P.-S.); (M.M.-R.)
| | - Manuel Martínez-Ruiz
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Monterrey 64849, Mexico
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Institute of Advanced Materials for Sustainable Manufacturing, Monterrey 64849, Mexico
- Correspondence: (R.P.-S.); (M.M.-R.)
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