1
|
Kaniecki T, Hughes M, McMahan Z. Managing gastrointestinal manifestations in systemic sclerosis, a mechanistic approach. Expert Rev Clin Immunol 2024; 20:603-622. [PMID: 38406978 PMCID: PMC11098704 DOI: 10.1080/1744666x.2024.2320205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a connective tissue disease with heterogeneous presentation. Gastrointestinal (GI) complications of SSc are characterized by esophageal reflux, abnormal motility, and microbiome dysbiosis, which impact patient quality of life and mortality. Preventative therapeutics are lacking, with management primarily aimed at symptomatic control. AREAS COVERED A broad literature review was conducted through electronic databases and references from key articles. We summarize the physiology of gastric acid production and GI motility to provide context for existing therapies, detail the current understanding of SSc-GI disease, and review GI medications studied in SSc. Finally, we explore new therapeutic options. We propose a management strategy that integrates data on drug efficacy with knowledge of disease pathophysiology, aiming to optimize future therapeutic targets. EXPERT OPINION SSc-GI complications remain a challenge for patients, clinicians, and investigators alike. Management presently focuses on treating symptoms and minimizing mucosal damage. Little evidence exists to suggest immunosuppressive therapy halts progression of GI involvement or reverses damage, leaving many unanswered questions about the optimal clinical approach. Further research focused on identifying patients at risk for GI progression, and the underlying mechanism(s) that drive disease will provide opportunities to prevent long-term damage, and significantly improve patient quality of life.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Timothy Kaniecki
- Division of Rheumatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Michael Hughes
- Department of Rheumatology, Northern Care Alliance NHS Foundation Trust, Salford Care Organisation, Salford, US
- Division of Musculoskeletal and Dermatological Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - Zsuzsanna McMahan
- Division of Rheumatology, UTHealth Houston McGovern Medical School, Houston, TX
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Chen L, Yi H, Li Q, Duan T, Liu X, Li L, Wang HY, Xing C, Wang RF. T-bet Regulates Ion Channels and Transporters and Induces Apoptosis in Intestinal Epithelial Cells. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024:e2401654. [PMID: 38650111 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202401654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
T-bet, encoded by TBX21, is extensively expressed across various immune cell types, and orchestrates critical functions in their development, survival, and physiological activities. However, the role of T-bet in non-immune compartments, notably the epithelial cells, remains obscure. Herein, a Tet-O-T-bet transgenic mouse strain is generated for doxycycline-inducible T-bet expression in adult animals. Unexpectedly, ubiquitous T-bet overexpression causes acute diarrhea, intestinal damage, and rapid mortality. Cell-type-specific analyses reveal that T-bet-driven pathology is not attributable to its overexpression in CD4+ T cells or myeloid lineages. Instead, inducible T-bet overexpression in the intestinal epithelial cells is the critical determinant of the observed lethal phenotype. Mechanistically, T-bet overexpression modulates ion channel and transporter profiles in gut epithelial cells, triggering profound fluid secretion and subsequent lethal dehydration. Furthermore, ectopic T-bet expression enhances gut epithelial cell apoptosis and markedly suppresses colon cancer development in xenograft models. Collectively, the findings unveil a previously unrecognized role of T-bet in intestinal epithelial cells for inducing apoptosis, diarrhea, and local inflammation, thus implicating its potential as a therapeutic target for the treatment of cancer and inflammatory diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lang Chen
- Center for Inflammation and Epigenetics, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
- Department of General Surgery, Third Xiangya Hospital, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China
| | - Hongwei Yi
- Center for Inflammation and Epigenetics, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Qingtian Li
- Center for Inflammation and Epigenetics, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
- Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Tianhao Duan
- Center for Inflammation and Epigenetics, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
- Department of Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - Xin Liu
- Center for Inflammation and Epigenetics, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
- Department of Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - Linfeng Li
- Center for Inflammation and Epigenetics, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Helen Y Wang
- Center for Inflammation and Epigenetics, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
- Department of Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - Changsheng Xing
- Center for Inflammation and Epigenetics, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
- Department of Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - Rong-Fu Wang
- Center for Inflammation and Epigenetics, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
- Department of Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90027, USA
- Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Taher MA, Laboni AA, Islam MA, Hasnat H, Hasan MM, Ferdous J, Shompa SA, Khan M. Isolation, characterization and pharmacological potentials of methanol extract of Cassia fistula leaves: Evidenced from mice model along with molecular docking analysis. Heliyon 2024; 10:e28460. [PMID: 38590868 PMCID: PMC10999937 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e28460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Revised: 03/17/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
The purpose of the current investigation was to conduct a detailed analysis of the chemical components and medicinal properties of the methanolic crude extract derived from the leaves of Cassia fistula. This analysis was carried out using both experimental (in vivo) and computational (in silico) methods. Eleven chemicals were chromatographically isolated using GC-MS/MS, which utilizes a library of NIST and Wiley 2020 versions. FTIR analysis of the extract was performed to identify the functional group of the compounds. The glucose-lowering capacity, analgesic, and anti-diarrheal activities of methanolic crude extract were analyzed utilizing a well-known oral glucose tolerance test, tail immersion method, writhing assay, and castor oil-induced diarrheal mice methods, respectively. After 60 min, 120 min, and 180 min of loading the drugs, a significant reduction of blood glucose levels was examined (p < 0.05) in all the extracts of this plant (200 mg/kg, 400 mg/kg and 600 mg/kg) utilized in this research at a time-dependent manner. Similarly, all the crude extracts showed significant (p < 0.05) effects against pain centrally and peripherally compared to the standard drug morphine (2 mg/kg bw) and diclofenac sodium (50 mg/kg bw). Moreover, the methanol extract (400 mg/kg bw) manifested anti-diarrheal efficacy by inhibiting 72.0 % of the diarrheal episode in mice compared to the standard drug loperamide (inhibition = 80.0%). The results of the computational investigations corroborated existing in-vivo findings. Greater or close to equivalent binding affinity to the active binding sites of kappa opioid receptor, glucose transporter 3 (GLUT 3), and cyclooxygenase 2 was indicative of the potential anti-diarrheal, hypoglycemic, and analgesic characteristics of the isolated compounds (COX-2). Moreover, anticancer and antimicrobial potentiality was also found impressive through evaluation of binding affinity with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) receptors. Results from this study indicated that C. fistula might be a beneficial natural resource for treating diarrhea, hyperglycemia, and pain. However, additional research is required to conduct a comprehensive phytochemical screening and establish precise action mechanisms of the crude extract or the plant-derived compounds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Abdullah Taher
- Bangladesh Reference Institute for Chemical Measurements (BRiCM), Laboratory Road, Dhaka, 1205, Bangladesh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Aysha Akter Laboni
- Bangladesh Reference Institute for Chemical Measurements (BRiCM), Laboratory Road, Dhaka, 1205, Bangladesh
| | - Md Ashraful Islam
- Department of Pharmacy, State University of Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Hasin Hasnat
- Department of Pharmacy, State University of Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | | | | | | | - Mala Khan
- Bangladesh Reference Institute for Chemical Measurements (BRiCM), Laboratory Road, Dhaka, 1205, Bangladesh
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Oh M, Shen M, Liu R, Stavitskaya L, Shen J. Machine Learned Classification of Ligand Intrinsic Activity at Human μ-Opioid Receptor. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.04.07.588485. [PMID: 38645122 PMCID: PMC11030315 DOI: 10.1101/2024.04.07.588485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
Opioids are small-molecule agonists of μ-opioid receptor (μOR), while reversal agents such as naloxone are antagonists of mOR. Here we developed machine learning models to classify the intrinsic activities of ligands at the human μOR. We first manually curated a database of 983 small molecules with measured E m a x values at the human μOR. Analysis of the chemical space allowed identification of dominant scaffolds and structurally similar agonists and antagonists. Decision tree models and directed message passing neural networks (MPNNs) were then trained to classify agonistic and antagonistic ligands. The hold-out test AUCs of the extra-tree (ET) and MPNN models are 91.5±3.9% and 91.8±4.4%, respectively, while the respective balanced accuracies (BAs) are 83.3±5.0% and 85.1±5.0%. To overcome the challenge of small dataset, a student-teacher learning method called tri-training with disagreement was tested using an unlabeled dataset comprised of 15,816 ligands of human, mouse, or rat μOR, κOR, or δOR. We found that the tri-training scheme was able to increase the MPNN AUC to as high as 9.7%. Taken together, our work provides a proof of concept for developing machine learning models to predict μOR ligand intrinsic activities despite small data size. We envisage many future applications of these models, including evaluation of pharmacologically uncharacterized substances that may pose a risk to public safety and discovery of new rescue agents to combat opioid overdoses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Myongin Oh
- Division of Applied Regulatory Science, Office of Clinical Pharmacology, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, United States Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD 20993, United States
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Maryland School of Pharmacy, Baltimore, MD 21201, United States
| | - Maximilian Shen
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD
| | - Ruibin Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Maryland School of Pharmacy, Baltimore, MD 21201, United States
| | - Lidiya Stavitskaya
- Division of Applied Regulatory Science, Office of Clinical Pharmacology, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, United States Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD 20993, United States
| | - Jana Shen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Maryland School of Pharmacy, Baltimore, MD 21201, United States
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Shompa SA, Hasnat H, Riti SJ, Islam MM, Nur F, Alam S, Shao C, Wang S, Geng P, Mamun AA. Phyto-pharmacological evaluation and characterization of the methanolic extract of the Baccaurea motleyana Müll. Arg. seed: promising insights into its therapeutic uses. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1359815. [PMID: 38487168 PMCID: PMC10937468 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1359815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Plants and their extracts have been integral to the development of medicinal treatments throughout history, offering a vast array of compounds for innovative therapies. Baccaurea motleyana Müll. Arg., commonly known as Rambai, is an evergreen tree with economic importance in the Old-World Tropics. Method: The study investigates its phytochemical composition through Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) and evaluates its pharmacological properties, including antidiabetic, antidiarrheal, antimicrobial, and antidepressant effects. Result and Discussion: The GC-MS analysis revealed 15 bioactive compounds in the methanol extract, with Phenol, 3,5-bis(1,1-dimethylethyl)-, Methyl stearate, and Hexadecanoic acid, methyl ester being the predominant ones. The cytotoxicity assay demonstrated significant activity in the ethyl acetate fraction. Antimicrobial assays indicated mild to moderate antibacterial activity. In vivo studies on mice revealed significant hypoglycemic, antidiarrheal, and antidepressant properties. Molecular docking studies against EGFR, DHFR, GLUT-3, KOR, and MOA identified promising compounds with potential therapeutic effects. The identified compounds exhibited favorable ADME/T properties, emphasizing their potential for drug development. The study underscores the promising therapeutic potential of Baccaurea motleyana, showcasing its diverse bioactive compounds with significant medicinal properties. Conclusion: These findings lay the groundwork for future research, emphasizing the exploration of B. motleyana as a source of natural remedies for addressing prevalent health conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Suriya Akter Shompa
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, State University of Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Hasin Hasnat
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, State University of Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Saima Jahan Riti
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, State University of Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Mirazul Islam
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, State University of Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Farjahan Nur
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, State University of Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Safaet Alam
- Drugs and Toxins Research Division, BCSIR Laboratories Rajshahi, Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Rajshahi, Bangladesh
| | - Chuxiao Shao
- Central Laboratory of The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui People’s Hospital, Lishui, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shuanghu Wang
- Central Laboratory of The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui People’s Hospital, Lishui, Zhejiang, China
| | - Peiwu Geng
- Central Laboratory of The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui People’s Hospital, Lishui, Zhejiang, China
| | - Abdullah Al Mamun
- Central Laboratory of The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui People’s Hospital, Lishui, Zhejiang, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Afroz M, Bhuia MS, Rahman MA, Hasan R, Islam T, Islam MR, Chowdhury R, Khan MA, Antas E Silva D, Melo Coutinho HD, Islam MT. Anti-diarrheal effect of piperine possibly through the interaction with inflammation inducing enzymes: In vivo and in silico studies. Eur J Pharmacol 2024; 965:176289. [PMID: 38158111 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.176289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 12/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Piperine is a natural alkaloid that possesses a variety of therapeutic properties, including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antibacterial, and anticarcinogenic activities. The present study aims to assess the medicinal benefits of piperine as an anti-diarrheal agent in a chick model by utilizing in vivo and in silico techniques. For this, castor oil was administered orally to 2-day-old chicks to cause diarrhea. Bismuth subsalicylate (10 mg/kg), loperamide (3 mg/kg), and nifedipine (2.5 mg/kg) were used as positive controls, while the vehicle was utilized as a negative control. Two different doses (25 and 50 mg/kg b.w.) of the test sample (piperine) were administered orally, and the highest dose was tested with standards to investigate the synergistic activity of the test sample. In our findings, piperine prolonged the latent period while reducing the number of diarrheal feces in the experimental chicks during the monitoring period (4 h). At higher doses, piperine appears to reduce diarrheal secretion while increasing latency in chicks. Throughout the combined pharmacotherapy, piperine outperformed bismuth subsalicylate and nifedipine in terms of anti-diarrheal effects with loperamide. In molecular docking, piperine exhibited higher binding affinities towards different inflammatory enzymes such as cyclooxygenase 1 (-7.9 kcal/mol), cyclooxygenase 2 (-8.4 kcal/mol), nitric oxide synthases (-8.9 kcal/mol), and L-type calcium channel (-8.8 kcal/mol), indicating better interaction of PP with these proteins. In conclusion, piperine showed a potent anti-diarrheal effect in castor oil-induced diarrheal chicks by suppressing the inflammation and calcium ion influx induced by castor oil.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meher Afroz
- Department of Pharmacy, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalganj, 8100, Bangladesh.
| | - Md Shimul Bhuia
- Department of Pharmacy, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalganj, 8100, Bangladesh.
| | - Md Anisur Rahman
- Department of Pharmacy, Islamic University, Kushtia, 7003, Bangladesh.
| | - Rubel Hasan
- Department of Pharmacy, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalganj, 8100, Bangladesh.
| | - Tawhida Islam
- Department of Pharmacy, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalganj, 8100, Bangladesh.
| | - Md Rakibul Islam
- Department of Pharmacy, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalganj, 8100, Bangladesh.
| | - Raihan Chowdhury
- Department of Pharmacy, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalganj, 8100, Bangladesh.
| | - Md Ali Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalganj, 8100, Bangladesh.
| | | | | | - Muhammad Torequl Islam
- Department of Pharmacy, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalganj, 8100, Bangladesh.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Rosenfeld CS. The placenta as a target of opioid drugs†. Biol Reprod 2022; 106:676-686. [PMID: 35024817 PMCID: PMC9040663 DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioac003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Revised: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Opioid drugs are analgesics increasingly being prescribed to control pain associated with a wide range of causes. Usage of pregnant women has dramatically increased in the past decades. Neonates born to these women are at risk for neonatal abstinence syndrome (also referred to as neonatal opioid withdrawal syndrome). Negative birth outcomes linked with maternal opioid use disorder include compromised fetal growth, premature birth, reduced birthweight, and congenital defects. Such infants require lengthier hospital stays necessitating rising health care costs, and they are at greater risk for neurobehavioral and other diseases. Thus, it is essential to understand the genesis of such disorders. As the primary communication organ between mother and conceptus, the placenta itself is susceptible to opioid effects but may be key to understanding how these drugs affect long-term offspring health and potential avenue to prevent later diseases. In this review, we will consider the evidence that placental responses are regulated through an endogenous opioid system. However, maternal consumption of opioid drugs can also bind and act through opioid receptors express by trophoblast cells of the placenta. Thus, we will also discuss the current human and rodent studies that have examined the effects of opioids on the placenta. These drugs might affect placental hormones associated with maternal recognition of pregnancy, including placental lactogens and human chorionic gonadotropin in rodents and humans, respectively. A further understanding of how such drugs affect the placenta may open up new avenues for early diagnostic and remediation approaches.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cheryl S Rosenfeld
- Correspondence: Biomedical Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA. E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
The Use of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Relieving EGFR-TKI-Associated Diarrhea Based on Network Pharmacology and Data Mining. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2021; 2021:5530898. [PMID: 33868436 PMCID: PMC8032531 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5530898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
In this study, the role of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) in relieving epidermal growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinase inhibitor- (EGFR-TKI-) associated diarrhea was discussed by network pharmacology and data mining. Prediction of drug targets by introducing the EGFR-TKI molecular structures into the SwissTargetPrediction platform and diarrhea-related targets in the DrugBank, GeneCards, DisGeNET, and OMIM databases were obtained. Compounds in the drug-disease target intersection were screened by absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion parameters and Lipinski's rule in Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology. TCM-containing compounds were selected, and information on the property, taste, and meridian tropism of these TCMs was summarized and analyzed. A target-compound-TCM network diagram was constructed, and core targets, compounds, and TCMs were selected. The core targets and components were docked by AutoDock Vina (Version 1.1.2) to explore the target combinations of related compounds and evaluate the docking activity of related targets and compounds. Twenty-three potential therapeutic TCM targets for the treatment of EGFR-TKI-related diarrhea were obtained. There were 339 compounds acting on potential therapeutic targets, involving a total of 402 TCMs. The results of molecular docking showed good binding between the core targets and compounds, and the binding between the core targets and compounds was similar to that of the core target and the recommended drug loperamide. TCMs have multitarget characteristics and are present in a variety of compounds used for relieving EGFR-TKI-associated diarrhea. Antitumor activity and the efficacy of alleviating diarrhea are the pharmacological basis of combining TCMs with EGFR-TKI in the treatment of non-small-cell lung cancer. The core targets, compounds, and TCMs can provide data to support experimental and clinical studies on the relief of EGFR-TKI-associated diarrhea in the future.
Collapse
|
9
|
Antidiarrheal Effect of Zornia brasiliensis Vogel (Leguminosae) on Mice Involves Adrenergic Pathway Activation. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2021; 2021:1385606. [PMID: 33727938 PMCID: PMC7939745 DOI: 10.1155/2021/1385606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2020] [Revised: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Several secondary metabolites have been isolated from Zornia brasiliensis (Leguminosae), mainly flavonoids. These compounds are known for many pharmacological actions, such as antispasmodic and antidiarrheal. Therefore, we evaluated the antidiarrheal effect of the ethanolic extract obtained from Zornia brasiliensis aerial parts (ZB-EtOHAP), as well as its underlying mechanisms. Castor-oil-induced diarrhea, fluid accumulation, and intestinal transit (normal and castor oil induced) were performed to assess the antidiarrheal, antisecretory, and antipropulsive activities of the extract. The involvement of opioid and adrenergic pathways was also investigated. ZB-EtOHAP inhibited, in a dose-dependent manner, both total defecation frequency and the number of watery stools. The extract showed no effect on fluid accumulation or normal intestinal transit. On the other hand, when the animals were pretreated with castor oil, the extract decreased the distance traveled by the marker in the small intestine. Investigation of the involvement of opioid and adrenergic systems showed that the pharmacological potency of the extract did not change in the presence of naloxone, but it was reduced in the presence of yohimbine. The data indicate that Zornia brasiliensis has an antidiarrheal effect due to inhibition of the intestinal motility through adrenergic pathway activation.
Collapse
|
10
|
Li X, Li B, Zhang J, Chen T, Wu H, Shi X, Ma J, Qin J, Tang X, Wang F. Efficacy of opioid receptor modulators in patients with irritable bowel syndrome: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2021; 100:e24361. [PMID: 33530231 PMCID: PMC7850711 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000024361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Revised: 10/03/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND While irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is one of the most common functional gastrointestinal diseases in clinical practice, it has diverse pathogenesis. Because of its sudden and lingering intractable symptoms, it seriously affects patients work and life. Opioid receptors are G protein-coupled receptors distributed across the brain, spinal cord, skin, and gastrointestinal tract, and each of the subtypes has a unique role and specific distribution. They play a role in regulating gastrointestinal motility, secretion, and visceral sensations in the gastrointestinal tract. Therefore, this meta-analysis aims to evaluate the effects of opioid receptor modulators on improving the symptoms of IBS. METHODS Searching the key words (Irritable Bowel Syndromes or Syndrome, Irritable Bowel OR Syndromes, Irritable Bowel OR Colon, Irritable OR Irritable Colon OR Colitis, Mucous OR Colitides, Mucous OR Mucous Colitides OR Mucous Colitis) AND (opioid receptor modulators OR eluxadoline OR Viberzi OR asimadoline OR loperamide), a preliminary search on PubMed (English), EMBASE (English), Cochrane Library (English), China National Knowledge Infrastructure Database (CNKI, Chinese), WanFang (Chinese), VIP citation databases (Chinese) and SinoMed (Chinese) databases yielded 1023 papers published in English and Chinese from inception to July 1, 2019. Nine studies were included in the final meta-analysis. Because this is a systematic review and meta-analysis, ethical approval is not necessary. RESULTS The random-effects meta-analysis based on these 9 studies and their 4156 patients found that opioid receptor modulators have a statistically significant beneficial effect on IBS global symptoms (RR = 0.85, 95%CI = 0.79-0.92, P < .01) and bowel movement frequency (SMD = -1.26, 95%CI = -2.49--0.04, P < .05), and while there was an improvement trend in stool consistency and quality of life, these findings were not statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS This is the first meta-analysis to examine the use of opioid receptor modulators in IBS, and few adverse events were reported in the available trials. Compared with the control group, eluxadolin has a better effect in improving IBS global symptoms and abdominal pain and has statistical significance and showed a low rate of constipation development in IBS patients in comparison with known effects of other opioid receptor modulators. However, current findings are based on a considerably limited evidence base with marked heterogeneity. Future studies should aim to identify subpopulations of patients with IBS and need to evaluate the long-term safety of these therapies.PROSPERO registration number: CRD42020141597.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xia Li
- Graduate School of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine
| | - Bo Li
- Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine
| | - Jiaqi Zhang
- Xiyuan Hospital Affiliated to China Academy of Traditional Chinese Sciences, Beijing Institute of Spleen and Stomach Disease of Traditional Chinese Medicine
| | - Ting Chen
- Xiyuan Hospital Affiliated to China Academy of Traditional Chinese Sciences, Beijing Institute of Spleen and Stomach Disease of Traditional Chinese Medicine
| | - Haomeng Wu
- Xiyuan Hospital Affiliated to China Academy of Traditional Chinese Sciences, Beijing Institute of Spleen and Stomach Disease of Traditional Chinese Medicine
| | - Xiaoshuang Shi
- Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Center for Post-doctoral Studies, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences
| | - Jinxin Ma
- Department of Gastroenterology, Peking University Traditional Chinese Medicine Clinical Medical School (Xiyuan), Beijing, China
| | - Jinyan Qin
- Graduate School of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine
| | - Xudong Tang
- Xiyuan Hospital Affiliated to China Academy of Traditional Chinese Sciences, Beijing Institute of Spleen and Stomach Disease of Traditional Chinese Medicine
| | - Fengyun Wang
- Xiyuan Hospital Affiliated to China Academy of Traditional Chinese Sciences, Beijing Institute of Spleen and Stomach Disease of Traditional Chinese Medicine
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Anton RF, Voronin KE, Book SW, Latham PK, Randall PK, Glen WB, Hoffman M, Schacht JP. Opioid and Dopamine Genes Interact to Predict Naltrexone Response in a Randomized Alcohol Use Disorder Clinical Trial. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2020; 44:2084-2096. [PMID: 32772383 DOI: 10.1111/acer.14431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND While the opiate antagonist, naltrexone, is approved for treating alcohol use disorder (AUD), not everyone who receives the medication benefits from it. This study evaluated whether the OPRM1 SNP rs1799971 interacts with the dopamine transporter gene DAT1/SLC6A3 VNTR rs28363170 or the catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) gene SNP rs4680 in predicting naltrexone response. METHODS Individuals who met DSM-IV alcohol dependence were randomly assigned to naltrexone (50 mg/d) or placebo based on their OPRM1 genotype (75 G-allele carriers and 77 A-allele homozygotes) and also genotyped for DAT1 VNTR (9 vs. 10 repeats) or COMT SNP (val/val vs. met carriers). Heavy drinking days (%HDD) were evaluated over 16 weeks and at the end of treatment. Effect sizes (d) for naltrexone response were calculated based on genotypes. RESULTS Naltrexone, relative to placebo, significantly reduced %HDD among OPRM1 G carriers who also had DAT1 10/10 (p = 0.021, d = 0.72) or COMT val/val genotypes (p = 0.05, d = 0.80), and to a lesser degree in those OPRM1 A homozygotes who were also DAT1 9-repeat carriers (p = 0.09, d = 0.70) or COMT met carriers (p = 0.03, d = 0.63). All other genotype combinations showed no differential response to naltrexone. Diarrhea/abdominal pain was more prominent in OPRM1 A homozygotes who were also DAT 9 or COMT met carriers. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that individuals with AUD with a more opioid-responsive genotype (OPRM1 G carriers) respond better to naltrexone if they have genotypes indicating normal/less dopamine tone (DAT1 10,10 or COMT val,val), while those with a less responsive opioid-responsive genotype (OPRM1 A homozygotes) respond better to naltrexone if they have genotypes indicating greater dopamine tone (DAT1 9-repeat or COMT met carriers). These results could lead to more personalized AUD treatments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Raymond F Anton
- From the, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Addiction Sciences Division, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Konstantin E Voronin
- From the, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Addiction Sciences Division, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Sarah W Book
- From the, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Addiction Sciences Division, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Patricia K Latham
- From the, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Addiction Sciences Division, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Patrick K Randall
- From the, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Addiction Sciences Division, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Willam Bailey Glen
- From the, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Addiction Sciences Division, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Michaela Hoffman
- From the, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Addiction Sciences Division, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Joseph P Schacht
- From the, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Addiction Sciences Division, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Corsetti M, Pannemans J, Whorwell P. Targeting mu opioid receptors to modulate gastrointestinal function: what have we learnt so far from the studies in functional bowel disorders? F1000Res 2019; 8:F1000 Faculty Rev-257. [PMID: 30863534 PMCID: PMC6402074 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.15974.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Opioids have recently received much attention because of the epidemic in their use in some countries such as the USA and the UK. Concerns have been raised about the possibility that they can increase mortality in patients when used on a long-term basis. Moreover, they are known to induce paradoxical hyperalgesia as well as alterations of gut function. The analgesic properties of opioids are mediated by receptors located in the brain, but as opioid receptors are also expressed in the gastrointestinal tract, new drugs acting on these receptors have recently been developed to treat two functional disorders, namely irritable bowel syndrome with diarrhoea and opioid-induced constipation. The aim of this article is to highlight some interesting observations resulting from the development of these drugs in the field of functional gastrointestinal disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maura Corsetti
- NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre (BRC), Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust and the University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
- Nottingham Digestive Diseases Centre, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Jasper Pannemans
- Catholic University of Leuven, KU Leuven, Translational Research Center for Gastrointestinal Disorders (TARGID), Leuven, Belgium
| | - Peter Whorwell
- Centre for Gastrointestinal Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| |
Collapse
|