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Yeh MC, Lau W, Gong Z, Horlyck-Romanovsky M, Tung HJ, Zhu L, Ma GX, Wylie-Rosett J. Development of a Web-Based Diabetes Prevention Program (DPP) for Chinese Americans: A Formative Evaluation Approach. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 20:599. [PMID: 36612919 PMCID: PMC9819952 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20010599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Revised: 12/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/24/2022] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Increasing evidence demonstrates that an online Diabetes Prevention Program (DPP) can delay the onset of type 2 diabetes. However, little has been done for Chinese Americans. This study, using Community-Based Participatory Research and Intervention Mapping approaches, describes a formative research process in the development of a culturally and linguistically tailored online DPP program among Chinese Americans with prediabetes living in New York City. Using a triangulation approach, data were collected to inform the development of an online DPP curriculum through (1) a literature review, (2) three focus groups (n = 24), and (3) a community advisory board meeting among 10 key informants knowledgeable in community needs, diabetes care, and lifestyle interventions. Participants indicated online DPPs would be very useful and easily accessible. However, key barriers including low computer skills/literacy and technology self-efficacy were identified. In addition, taking meal photos and tracking pedometer steps daily were found to be acceptable self-motoring tools for sustaining a healthy lifestyle. Furthermore, the integration of features such as text message reminders and the creation of social support groups into the online DPP curriculum was proposed to minimize attrition. This theory-based formative research to develop a culturally and linguistically appropriate web-based DPP curriculum was well-received by Chinese Americans and warrants testing in future intervention studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Chin Yeh
- Nutrition Program, School of Urban Public Health, Hunter College, City University of New York, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Wincy Lau
- Nutrition Program, School of Urban Public Health, Hunter College, City University of New York, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Zoey Gong
- Nutrition Program, School of Urban Public Health, Hunter College, City University of New York, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Margrethe Horlyck-Romanovsky
- Department of Health and Nutrition Sciences, Brooklyn College, City University of New York, New York, NY 11210, USA
| | - Ho-Jui Tung
- Department of Health Policy and Community Health, Jiann-Ping Hsu College of Public Health, Georgia Southern University, Statesboro, GA 30458, USA
| | - Lin Zhu
- Center for Asian Health, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Grace X. Ma
- Center for Asian Health, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Judith Wylie-Rosett
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
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Rennick-Egglestone S, Newby C, Robinson C, Yeo C, Ng F, Elliott R, Ali Y, Llewellyn-Beardsley J, Pomberth S, Harrison J, Gavan SP, Cuijpers P, Priebe S, Hall C, Slade M. Differences between online trial participants who have used statutory mental health services and who have not: analysis of baseline data from two pragmatic trials of a digital health intervention (Preprint). J Med Internet Res 2022. [DOI: 10.2196/44687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/01/2023] Open
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3
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Doley JR, Rodgers RF, Paxton SJ, McLean SA. Effectiveness of recruitment strategies for a social media literacy E-intervention for young adults with body dissatisfaction: cost, time, diversity, and completion. Eat Disord 2022; 30:515-539. [PMID: 34402410 DOI: 10.1080/10640266.2021.1938855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Digital interventions are becoming increasingly popular for the treatment of body dissatisfaction and eating disorders. However, participant recruitment to online interventions poses a challenge. This study examined differences between a variety of recruitment strategies to a digital intervention in terms of number of participants recruited, cost, study personnel time, completion rates, and demographic characteristics of participants.Participants (N = 395) aged 18-25 years (79.5% women) were recruited to take part in an online body image intervention and asked how they heard about the program (e.g., through Facebook, a flyer on a university campus). Strategies of recruitment, including researcher time required and cost were recorded throughout the project. Cost and time effectiveness, study and intervention completion rates, and participant demographics for each recruitment approach were explored.Facebook paid advertising recruited n = 241 participants (78.0% women), with $29.81 cost per completer, and researcher time per completer at 2.41 minutes. Facebook unpaid advertising was also effective, recruiting n = 130 participants (78.5% women), with $0.00 external cost per completer, and time per completer at 20.43 minutes. Other strategies, both online and face-to-face, were far less effective in recruiting participants. Men proved difficult to recruit using any strategy.Facebook advertising was an effective tool for recruiting young adults to this online intervention, although further research should identify effective strategies to recruit men for similar interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Rachel Doley
- Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Footscray, Victoria, Australia
| | - Rachel Florence Rodgers
- Department of Applied Psychology, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Susan Jessica Paxton
- Department of Psychology and Counselling, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Siân Alexandra McLean
- School of Psychology and Public Health, The Bouverie Centre, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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Tulsiani S, Ichimiya M, Gerard R, Mills S, Bingenheimer JB, Hair EC, Vallone D, Evans WD. Assessing the Feasibility of Studying Awareness of a Digital Health Campaign on Facebook: Pilot Study Comparing Young Adult Subsamples. JMIR Form Res 2022; 6:e37856. [PMID: 36036974 PMCID: PMC9468914 DOI: 10.2196/37856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Revised: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background
Mass media campaigns for preventive health messaging have been shown to be effective through years of research. However, few studies have assessed the effectiveness of campaigns on digital media, which is currently how youths and young adults are primarily consuming media. In particular, a platform that can accurately assess exposure to digital messaging in a real-life setting has yet to be developed.
Objective
This study examines the feasibility of a unique survey platform, Virtual Lab, to conduct a study on exposure to a media campaign within Facebook using a chatbot-style survey administration technique.
Methods
Virtual Lab is a survey platform that was used to recruit and survey participants within Facebook and Facebook Messenger, respectively. We created a Facebook business account with 2 Facebook pages: one for recruitment and disseminating the survey and the other one for serving the target advertisements. Pre- and postexposure surveys were administered via Facebook Messenger using a chatbot-style questionnaire 1 week apart. During this time, the target advertisements were shown to participants who completed the pre-exposure survey. The total time from recruitment to completion of the postexposure survey was 13 days, and incentive costs were US $10 per participant. Survey data were compared between those who completed both pre- and postexposure surveys and those who only completed the pre-exposure survey; that is, those who were lost to follow-up. The demographics of the complete cases were also compared to the US census data.
Results
A total of 375 Facebook users aged between 18 and 24 years met eligibility requirements and consented to the study, which consisted of complete cases (n=234) and participants lost to follow-up (n=141). A few differences between complete cases and participants lost to follow-up were observed. Regarding gender, complete cases comprised 40.2% males and 59.4% females, and among participants lost to follow-up, 44.0% were male and 50.4% were female (P=.003). Differences were also observed for e-cigarette use status, where a greater number of current users and fewer past and never users were lost to follow-up than complete cases (P=.01).
Conclusions
The use of Virtual Lab yielded a diverse sample quickly and cost-effectively. Demographic characteristics of participants who completed the study and those who were lost to follow-up were similar, indicating that no biases were caused by the platform during recruitment or testing. This study suggests the feasibility of the Virtual Lab survey platform for studies of media campaign exposure within Facebook. This platform can advance health campaign research by providing more accurate data to inform digital messaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shreya Tulsiani
- Schroeder Institute, Truth Initiative, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Megumi Ichimiya
- Department of Prevention and Community Health, Milken Institute School of Public Health, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Raquel Gerard
- Department of Prevention and Community Health, Milken Institute School of Public Health, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Sarah Mills
- Schroeder Institute, Truth Initiative, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Jeffrey B Bingenheimer
- Department of Prevention and Community Health, Milken Institute School of Public Health, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Elizabeth C Hair
- Schroeder Institute, Truth Initiative, Washington, DC, United States
- Global Institute of Public Health, New York University, New York City, NY, United States
- Department of Health, Behavior and Society, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Donna Vallone
- Schroeder Institute, Truth Initiative, Washington, DC, United States
- Global Institute of Public Health, New York University, New York City, NY, United States
- Department of Health, Behavior and Society, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - W Douglas Evans
- Department of Prevention and Community Health, Milken Institute School of Public Health, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, United States
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Jose R, Matero M, Sherman G, Curtis B, Giorgi S, Schwartz HA, Ungar LH. Using Facebook language to predict and describe excessive alcohol use. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2022; 46:836-847. [PMID: 35575955 PMCID: PMC9179895 DOI: 10.1111/acer.14807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Revised: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Assessing risk for excessive alcohol use is important for applications ranging from recruitment into research studies to targeted public health messaging. Social media language provides an ecologically embedded source of information for assessing individuals who may be at risk for harmful drinking. METHODS Using data collected on 3664 respondents from the general population, we examine how accurately language used on social media classifies individuals as at-risk for alcohol problems based on Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test-Consumption score benchmarks. RESULTS We find that social media language is moderately accurate (area under the curve = 0.75) at identifying individuals at risk for alcohol problems (i.e., hazardous drinking/alcohol use disorders) when used with models based on contextual word embeddings. High-risk alcohol use was predicted by individuals' usage of words related to alcohol, partying, informal expressions, swearing, and anger. Low-risk alcohol use was predicted by individuals' usage of social, affiliative, and faith-based words. CONCLUSIONS The use of social media data to study drinking behavior in the general public is promising and could eventually support primary and secondary prevention efforts among Americans whose at-risk drinking may have otherwise gone "under the radar."
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Affiliation(s)
- Rupa Jose
- Positive Psychology Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Matthew Matero
- Department of Computer Science, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - Garrick Sherman
- Positive Psychology Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Brenda Curtis
- Technology and Translational Research Unit, National Institute on Drug Abuse, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Salvatore Giorgi
- Technology and Translational Research Unit, National Institute on Drug Abuse, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.,Department of Computer and Information Science, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | | | - Lyle H Ungar
- Department of Computer and Information Science, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.,Department of Psychology, Positive Psychology Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
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Smith LM, Quinnell R, Munteanu A, Hartmann S, Dalla Villa P, Collins L. Attitudes towards free-roaming dogs and dog ownership practices in Bulgaria, Italy, and Ukraine. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0252368. [PMID: 35235582 PMCID: PMC8890656 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0252368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Free-roaming dog population management is conducted to mitigate risks to public health, livestock losses, wildlife conservation, and dog health and welfare. This study aimed to determine attitudes towards free-roaming dogs and their management and describe dog ownership practices in three European countries. We distributed an online questionnaire comprising questions relating to dog ownership practices and attitudes towards free-roaming dogs using social media. We used logistic regression and ordinal probit models to determine associations between demographic and other factors with ownership practices and attitudes towards free-roaming dogs. This study found that most surveyed respondents wanted to see a reduction in free-roaming dog numbers, and felt that this should be achieved through sheltering, catch-neuter-release, and by controlling owned dog breeding. We identified significant associations between both attitudes and ownership practices with gender, religious beliefs, age, education level, reason for dog ownership, previous experience with free-roaming dogs, and country of residence. Respondents who identified as: (i) male, (ii) holding religious beliefs, (iii) owning dogs for practical reasons, (iv) being young, or (v) having no schooling or primary education had a lower probability of neutering and a higher probability of allowing dogs to roam. Respondents who identified as: (i) female, (ii) feeling threatened by free-roaming dogs, (iii) older, or (iv) having more education had a higher probability of answering that increases in free-roaming dog numbers should be prevented. These findings can help to inform future dog population management interventions in these countries. We emphasise the importance of considering local attitudes and dog ownership practices in the development of effective dog population management approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren Margaret Smith
- School of Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
- * E-mail: (LC); (LMS)
| | - Rupert Quinnell
- School of Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | | | | | - Paolo Dalla Villa
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell’Abruzzo e del Molise “G. Caporale”, Teramo, Italy
- World Organization for Animal Health, OIE Sub-Regional Representation in Brussels, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Lisa Collins
- School of Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
- * E-mail: (LC); (LMS)
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Kirwin MA, Ettinger AK. Working mothers during COVID-19: a cross-sectional study on mental health status and associations with the receipt of employment benefits. BMC Public Health 2022; 22:435. [PMID: 35246093 PMCID: PMC8895361 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-021-12468-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Beyond the sweeping physiological effects of COVID-19 infections in 2020 and 2021, the psychosocial impacts of lockdowns, social distancing, and the associated disruptions to daily life have brought on a simultaneous mental health crisis, particularly among many working mothers who are disproportionately balancing childcare, virtual schooling, and employment vulnerability. The aim of this study was to measure the mental health status of working mothers in the United States and associations with the provision of family-friendly employment benefits one year into the pandemic. METHODS Cross-sectional data were collected from a sample of working mothers in the U.S. using an online survey of mental health status and the receipt of employer-provided family-friendly benefits. Mental health was measured with the Kessler 6 (K-6) and the Short Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Wellbeing Scale (SWEMWBS). Perceived helpfulness of benefits was assessed through self-reported Likert-scale scores of 0 (not at all helpful) to 4 (extremely helpful) to determine mean helpfulness scores for benefit types. Multivariable logistic regression analyses were conducted to determine associations between receipt of employment benefits and serious mental illness (SMI). RESULTS A total of 728 participants met the study criteria, 83.7% were non-Hispanic/Latino white and 61.1% were 35-44 years of age. Among study participants, 54.3% (n = 395) and 21.8% (n = 159) reported psychological distress levels associated with moderate mental illness (MMI) and serious mental illness (SMI), respectively. Not receiving benefits was associated with a 50% increase in odds of SMI (aOR = 1.50, 95% CI [1.03-2.20], p = 0.036). Benefits perceived to be the most helpful for participants were flexible hours/schedule (3.5; SD ± 0.9), flexible work location (3.3; SD ± 1.1), and supplemental paid time off (3.1; SD ± 1.1), with mean scores above very helpful. CONCLUSION Results suggest employment benefits may help support the mental health of working mothers and provide a call to action to employers and policy stakeholders to develop solutions addressing gaps in workplace benefits and mental health support for working parents, with sustainable reform in mind to mitigate employment benefit inequities exposed by the pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa A Kirwin
- Milken Institute School of Public Health, The George Washington University, 950 NH Avenue NW, Washington, DC, 20052, USA.
| | - Anna K Ettinger
- Department of Psychology, University of Pittsburgh, 210 South Bouquet Street, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
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8
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Green J, Petty J, Whiting L, Orr F, Smart L, Brown AM, Jones L. 'Blurred boundaries': When nurses and midwives give anti-vaccination advice on Facebook. Nurs Ethics 2022; 29:552-568. [PMID: 35142239 DOI: 10.1177/09697330211041749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nurses and midwives have a professional obligation to promote health and prevent disease, and therefore they have an essential role to play in vaccination. Despite this, some nurses and midwives have been found to take an anti-vaccination stance and promulgate misinformation about vaccines, often using Facebook as a platform to do so. RESEARCH QUESTION This article reports on one component and dataset from a larger study - 'the positives, perils and pitfalls of Facebook for nurses'. It explores the specific issue of nurses and midwives who take an anti-vaccination stance, deemed to be unprofessional by crossing professional boundaries and by providing medical information on Facebook that is not within their scope of practice. PARTICIPANTS Data were collected via an online worldwide survey from nurse and midwife participants, distributed and 'snowballed' through relevant nursing and midwifery groups on Facebook. In total, 1644 Registered Nurses and Midwives, and Enrolled Nurses worldwide attempted the online survey. There were 1100 (66.9%) completed surveys and 54 partially (33.1%) completed surveys. Semi-structured interviews were also conducted online using Skype® with 17 participants in Australia. ETHICAL CONSIDERATIONS Ethical processes and procedures have been adhered to relating to privacy, confidentiality and anonymity of the participants. FINDINGS/RESULTS A mixed-methods approach was used, including descriptive and content analysis of the quantitative survey data and thematic analysis of the qualitative interview data. The main theme 'blurred boundaries' was generated, which comprised three sub-themes: 'follow the science, 'abuse of power and erosion of trust' and 'the moral and ethical responsibility to safeguard public health'. The results offer an important and unique understanding of how nurses and midwives interpret the conduct of fellow health professionals as unprofessional and crossing the professional boundary if they used Facebook to promulgate anti-vaccination messages and/or give medical advice online. CONCLUSION There are many positives and negatives for nurses and midwives associated with using Facebook for personal and professional communication, which is in keeping with the results of the larger study from which this article is taken. Professional behaviour is a key theme in the larger research as is the ethical construct of 'every act has a consequence'; however, in this article, the theme 'blurred boundaries' offers an overall understanding of how nurses and midwives interpret the behaviour of their colleagues who espouse anti-vaccination sentiment and/or give medical advice online that is outside their scope of practice and education.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janet Green
- Doctor of Eduction candidate, University of Technology Sydney, Australia; University of Tasmania, Australia
| | | | | | - Fiona Orr
- University of Technology Sydney, Australia
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Rose SB, Garrett SM, McKinlay EM, Morgan SJ. 'Be nice to us, we're still learning': an online survey of young people in Hawkes Bay, New Zealand, about unmet need for sexual health care and improving access to services. Sex Health 2021; 18:394-404. [PMID: 34731598 DOI: 10.1071/sh21092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Background Young people need equitable access to high-quality sexual and reproductive health care to enjoy good sexual health. Methods This online survey of people aged 15-24years in a defined region of New Zealand asked about unmet need for sexual health care and sought views on improving access to sexual health care. Results Fivehundred participants took part in the study between August and October 2020, of whom 60% were female, 25% were of Māori (indigenous) ethnicity, and 21.4% were gender and/or sexuality diverse. Sixty percent had ever received sexual health care (300/500), and 74.3% received it from a general practice clinic (223/300). Overall, 41% (204/500) reported they needed, but had not received sexual health care in the past ('unmet need'). Reasons for unmet need included being shy, embarrassed or ashamed (74.5%, 152/204), fear of judgment by clinic staff (42.6%, 87/204), cost (32.8%, 67/204), concerns about confidentiality (28.9%, 59/204), and not knowing where to go (24%, 49/204). Māori participants were more likely to report not knowing where to go (32.1% vs 20%, P=0.04). Participants identified the need to reduce stigma, normalise sexual health care, improve convenience, affordability and awareness of services as key to improving access. Reassurance about confidentiality and being treated with kindness, empathy and respect were deemed critical to service acceptability. Conclusions Action is urgently needed at policy, funding and practice levels to improve access to services by: reducing societal stigma, normalising discussions around sexual health, improving affordability and raising awareness of services. Quality improvement is also needed in general practice to ensure young people can routinely access youth-friendly sexual and reproductive health care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sally B Rose
- Department of Primary Health Care and General Practice, University of Otago, Wellington, PO Box 7343, Wellington South 6242, New Zealand
| | - Susan M Garrett
- Department of Primary Health Care and General Practice, University of Otago, Wellington, PO Box 7343, Wellington South 6242, New Zealand
| | - Eileen M McKinlay
- Department of Primary Health Care and General Practice, University of Otago, Wellington, PO Box 7343, Wellington South 6242, New Zealand
| | - Sonya J Morgan
- Department of Primary Health Care and General Practice, University of Otago, Wellington, PO Box 7343, Wellington South 6242, New Zealand
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Boyle SC, LaBrie JW, Baez S, Taylor JE. Integrating social media inspired features into a personalized normative feedback intervention combats social media-based alcohol influence. Drug Alcohol Depend 2021; 228:109007. [PMID: 34500245 PMCID: PMC9006997 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2021.109007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2021] [Revised: 07/03/2021] [Accepted: 07/11/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKROUND Research suggests that the social media platforms popular on college campuses may reflect, reinforce, and even exacerbate heavy drinking practices among students. The present study was designed to directly examine: (1) whether exposure to alcohol-related content on social media diminishes the efficacy of a traditional web-based personalized normative feedback (PNF) alcohol intervention among first-year drinkers; and (2) if social media inspired features and digital game mechanics can be integrated into a PNF intervention to combat social media-based alcohol influence and increase efficacy. METHOD Alcohol experienced first-year college students (N = 223) completed a pre-survey that assessed exposure to alcohol-related content and social media and were randomized to 1 of 3 web-based alcohol PNF conditions (traditional, gamified only, or social media inspired gamified). One month later, participants' alcohol consumption was reassessed. RESULTS Among participants who received traditional PNF, social media-based alcohol exposure interacted with pre-intervention drinking such that traditional PNF was less effective in reducing drinking among heavier drinkers reporting greater exposure to alcohol-related social media content. Further, when regression models compared the efficacy of all three conditions, the social media inspired gamified PNF condition was significantly more effective in reducing drinking than was traditional PNF among moderate and heavy drinkers reporting greater exposure to alcohol on social media. CONCLUSION Although additional research is needed, these findings suggest that representing the population of students on whom normative statistics are based with social media-like user avatars and profiles may enhance the degree to which alcohol PNF is relatable and believable among high-risk students.
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11
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Clark KC, Kelley SJ, Clark PC. Recruiting custodial grandmothers using Facebook. Public Health Nurs 2021; 39:488-494. [PMID: 34644411 DOI: 10.1111/phn.12980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Revised: 08/21/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Recruitment through Facebook is gaining favor as an approach for research, including clinical trials, because of the platform's ability to reach broad and diverse populations. As older adults increase their social media use, recruitment through Facebook has become a viable option. The purposes of this paper are to report the methodological process and lessons learned from recruiting custodial grandmothers (CGMs) for a cross-sectional study examining parenting self-efficacy and psychological well-being. PARTICIPANTS A total of 113 people consented and accessed the survey online, with 40 (35.4%) completing surveys. The final sample comprised 68 grandmothers, with 59% recruited via Facebook. METHODS Facebook recruitment for the online survey included creating a dedicated Facebook study page, accessing existing Facebook pages for custodial grandparents, and using paid advertising. Face-to-face recruitment strategies also were used with paper surveys. RESULTS We compared the characteristics of those completing online surveys versus paper surveys. CGMs completing the survey online were significantly younger and more likely to be Caucasian than those completing the paper survey. CONCLUSIONS Findings indicated online recruitment via Facebook is an advantageous method to reach CGMs. However, additional research is needed to determine if other online and social media platforms would be useful in recruiting this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen C Clark
- Southern University and A&M College, College of Nursing and Allied Health, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA
| | - Susan J Kelley
- Lewis College of Nursing and Health Professions, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Patricia C Clark
- Lewis College of Nursing and Health Professions, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
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Rose SB, Garrett SM, McKinlay EM, Morgan SJ. Access to sexual healthcare during New Zealand's COVID-19 lockdown: cross-sectional online survey of 15-24-year-olds in a high deprivation region. BMJ SEXUAL & REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH 2021; 47:277-284. [PMID: 33737316 PMCID: PMC7977071 DOI: 10.1136/bmjsrh-2020-200986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND New Zealand's response to the COVID-19 pandemic involved a nationwide stay-at-home lockdown in March-April 2020 that restricted access to primary healthcare services. METHODS An online survey of 15-24-year-olds in a high deprivation region of New Zealand asked about the need for, and receipt of, sexual healthcare during lockdown. Experience of telehealth and preferences for future receipt of sexual healthcare were also explored. Social media advertising was used to recruit participants over five weeks in August and October 2020. RESULTS The survey sample included 500 respondents comprising 58.8% females, 25.4% Māori (indigenous) ethnicity and 21.4% LGBTQI+ (lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer, intersex +) young people. During lockdown, 22.2% of respondents reported sexual health needs (111/500), but fewer than half this group got help (45%, 50/111), believing their issue could wait, or due to barriers contacting services and lack of information about service availability. Experience of telehealth consultations (by 28/50 participants) was mostly favourable though only 46% agreed it was easier than going to the clinic. Telehealth methods were the preferred option by some participants for future receipt of sexual healthcare; but for most scenarios suggested, respondents favoured in-person clinic visits. CONCLUSIONS Young people experienced unmet need for sexual healthcare during lockdown in New Zealand, but not because services were unavailable. Findings point to the need for targeted information dissemination to young people about available services and the importance of seeking help during lockdown. More research is needed to understand the advantages and disadvantages of sexual healthcare delivered via telehealth to inform future service provision.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sally B Rose
- Primary Health Care and General Practice, University of Otago Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Susan M Garrett
- Primary Health Care and General Practice, University of Otago Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Eileen M McKinlay
- Primary Health Care and General Practice, University of Otago Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Sonya J Morgan
- Primary Health Care and General Practice, University of Otago Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand
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Rose SB, Garrett SM, McKinlay EM, Morgan SJ. Experience of Sexual Healthcare by Māori and Non-Māori Young People: An Online Survey of 15-24 Year Olds in Hawkes Bay, New Zealand. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SEXUAL HEALTH : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE WORLD ASSOCIATION FOR SEXUAL HEALTH 2021; 34:118-129. [PMID: 38595686 PMCID: PMC10903665 DOI: 10.1080/19317611.2021.1926041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Revised: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/25/2021] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
Objectives To understand young people's expectations of, and experience with sexual healthcare in New Zealand. Methods Online survey of 15-24 year olds in a region with high socioeconomic deprivation, with selected outcomes compared for Māori and Europeans. Results Of 500 respondents, 60% had received sexual healthcare (74.3% in general practice) and 81% were happy with care received. Fewer Māori and people not in education, employment, or training reported positive experiences of sexual healthcare on arrival and in the consultation. Conclusions Findings highlight the need for equitable delivery of youth-friendly, culturally safe, sexual and reproductive healthcare in general practice settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sally B Rose
- Department of Primary Health Care and General Practice, University of Otago, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Susan M Garrett
- Department of Primary Health Care and General Practice, University of Otago, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Eileen M McKinlay
- Department of Primary Health Care and General Practice, University of Otago, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Sonya J Morgan
- Department of Primary Health Care and General Practice, University of Otago, Wellington, New Zealand
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Mena-Tudela D, González-Chordá VM, Andreu-Pejó L, Mouzo-Bellés VM, Cervera-Gasch Á. Spanish nursing and medical students' knowledge, confidence and willingness about COVID-19: A cross-sectional study. NURSE EDUCATION TODAY 2021; 103:104957. [PMID: 34015678 PMCID: PMC8118698 DOI: 10.1016/j.nedt.2021.104957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Revised: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND COVID-19 challenges world governments. In Spain, measures to contain the pandemic are novel, and include the possibility of contracting Nursing and Medical students who might not be ready or willing to treat infected cases. OBJECTIVES To study Spanish Nursing and Medical students' knowledge about COVID-19 community transmission prevention measures, treating infected patients, and their confidence and willingness to treat cases. To learn their views about the first public health policy measures adopted by the Spain government to contain the pandemic. DESIGN Cross-sectional study. SETTINGS AND PARTICIPANTS 237 Spanish Nursing and Medical students. METHODS An online questionnaire was designed on the knowledge, confidence and willingness to treat, and the suitability of the public health policy measures adopted in Spain. The data were collected through social networks. The results were compared according to their university degree. RESULTS Knowledge about community prevention was suitable, unlike knowledge about treating infected patients. Students had little confidence in treating cases, but their willingness and moral responsibility were high. Very few significant differences were found in their university degrees. Medical students evaluated the measures taken in Spain more favorably. CONCLUSIONS Students' knowledge about COVID-19 community prevention measures was adequate, but not about preventive measures when treating patients with COVID-19. They felt little confidence despite being willing to treat infected patients. The sample agreed with the public health measures adopted in Spain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Desirée Mena-Tudela
- Nursing Department, Univesitat Jaume I, Avda Sos Baynat s/n, 12071 Castellón, Spain.
| | | | - Laura Andreu-Pejó
- Nursing Department, Univesitat Jaume I, Avda Sos Baynat s/n, 12071 Castellón, Spain.
| | - Víctor M Mouzo-Bellés
- Nursing Department, Univesitat Jaume I, Avda Sos Baynat s/n, 12071 Castellón, Spain.
| | - Águeda Cervera-Gasch
- Nursing Department, Univesitat Jaume I, Avda Sos Baynat s/n, 12071 Castellón, Spain.
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15
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Torrent-Ramos P, González-Chordá VM, Mena-Tudela D, Pejó LA, Roig-Marti C, Valero-Chillerón MJ, Cervera-Gasch Á. Healthcare Management and Quality during the First COVID-19 Wave in a Sample of Spanish Healthcare Professionals. NURSING REPORTS 2021; 11:536-546. [PMID: 34968329 PMCID: PMC8608118 DOI: 10.3390/nursrep11030051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Revised: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to assess how the healthcare professionals in the Castellón Province (Spain) perceive healthcare quality and management during the first COVID-19 wave. A cross-sectional study was carried out. An online survey on healthcare quality and management during the first COVID-19 wave was sent to healthcare professionals. Almost half of the sample believed that healthcare quality worsened during the first COVID-19 wave (45.3%; n = 173). Heavier workload (m = 4.08 ± 1.011) and patients' complexity (m = 3.77 ± 1.086) were the factors that most negatively impacted healthcare quality. Health department 3, primary care center, and other doctors assessed human and material resources management as significantly worse (p < 0.05). Human and material resources management and the healthcare organization negatively affected healthcare quality during the first COVID-19 wave. Significant differences were observed according to departments, services, and professionals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Torrent-Ramos
- Preventive Medicine Service, Hospital General de Castellón, 12071 Castellón, Spain;
- Nursing Department, Universitat Jaume I, 12071 Castellón, Spain; (D.M.-T.); (L.A.P.); (M.J.V.-C.); (Á.C.-G.)
| | - Víctor M. González-Chordá
- Nursing Department, Universitat Jaume I, 12071 Castellón, Spain; (D.M.-T.); (L.A.P.); (M.J.V.-C.); (Á.C.-G.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Desirée Mena-Tudela
- Nursing Department, Universitat Jaume I, 12071 Castellón, Spain; (D.M.-T.); (L.A.P.); (M.J.V.-C.); (Á.C.-G.)
| | - Laura Andreu Pejó
- Nursing Department, Universitat Jaume I, 12071 Castellón, Spain; (D.M.-T.); (L.A.P.); (M.J.V.-C.); (Á.C.-G.)
| | - Celia Roig-Marti
- Internal Medicine Service, Hospital General de Castellón, 12071 Castellón, Spain;
| | | | - Águeda Cervera-Gasch
- Nursing Department, Universitat Jaume I, 12071 Castellón, Spain; (D.M.-T.); (L.A.P.); (M.J.V.-C.); (Á.C.-G.)
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Briesch AM, Codding RS, Hoffman JA, Rizzo CJ, Volpe RJ. Caregiver Perspectives on Schooling From Home During the Spring 2020 COVID-19 Closures. SCHOOL PSYCHOLOGY REVIEW 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/2372966x.2021.1908091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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17
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Saadeh R, Banat A, AbuZeina D, Al-Bourini T, Abdelqader E, Alrabadi N, Alfaqih MA, Allouh MZ. Factors Associated With University Students' Attitude Toward Euthanasia. OMEGA-JOURNAL OF DEATH AND DYING 2021; 87:20-37. [PMID: 34011208 DOI: 10.1177/00302228211016219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Although euthanasia has been practiced for thousands of years, a wide controversy still exists around it. This study aimed to assess the attitude of university students toward euthanasia and its associated factors. The study included an online self-administered survey. Survey questions consisted of demographic information, psychological condition, and attitude toward euthanasia. A total of 1,188 students participated in the study. Approximately only one-third of the respondents (34.1%) viewed euthanasia as a moral practice, and just one-quarter (25.3%) supported legalizing it. The main reason for not supporting euthanasia was religious considerations (72.2%), followed by moral considerations (46.5%). Factors that predicted a positive attitude toward euthanasia (p < .05) included undefined religion, being male, feeling lonely, or having suicidal thoughts. Conclusively, the negative attitude toward euthanasia is primarily driven by religious beliefs. Furthermore, gender and psychological status play critical roles in students' attitudes toward euthanasia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rami Saadeh
- Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Amani Banat
- Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Dalia AbuZeina
- Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Tasneem Al-Bourini
- Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Eman Abdelqader
- Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Nasr Alrabadi
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Mahmoud A Alfaqih
- Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Mohammed Z Allouh
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan.,Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, UAE
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Attitudes of Medical and Health Sciences Students towards Abortion in Jordan. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 2021:6624181. [PMID: 33997028 PMCID: PMC8096537 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6624181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Revised: 04/17/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Background Jordan laws on permitting abortion are considered moderate. Religion is one of the key determinants of people's attitudes towards abortion and plays a crucial role in people's readiness to accept or refute this practice. In this study, we examined the attitudes of medical and health sciences students towards abortion. Methods In this cross-sectional study, a self-administered questionnaire survey was distributed to students at Jordan University of Science and Technology. Attitudes towards abortion were tested using 16 items that were included in the survey. Descriptive statistics and logistic regression models were used in the analysis. Results A total of 1324 students in the medicine and dentistry colleges participated in the study. Two-thirds of the participants were women. Most participants were 20–25 years old, and they grew up in a family of 6–8 members. The overall attitude towards abortion was negative, except if the pregnancy was a threat to the mother's life (91.5%) or if the conception occurred from rape (54.2%). Otherwise, the students indicated that every conceived child has the right to be born (76.8%) and that abortion is considered murder (53.1%). Furthermore, the students who were more likely to support abortion were those attending the medical college, living in a city, and/or raised in smaller families (p = 0.04). Conclusions Compared with other students, medical students were more supportive of abortion. This implied the necessity to include training on safe abortion in the medical curriculum and increase public awareness of the importance of safe abortion.
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Burke RR, Weichelt BP, Namkoong K. Facebook Ads Manager as a Recruitment Tool for a Health and Safety Survey of Farm Mothers: Pilot Study. JMIR Form Res 2021; 5:e19022. [PMID: 33825686 PMCID: PMC8060866 DOI: 10.2196/19022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Revised: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 01/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Social media platforms have experienced unprecedented levels of growth and usage over the past decade, with Facebook hosting 2.7 billion active users worldwide, including over 200 million users in the United States. Facebook users have been underutilized and understudied by the academic community as a resource for participant recruitment. Objective We performed a pilot study to explore the efficacy and cost-effectiveness of Facebook advertisements for the recruitment of an online agricultural health and safety survey. Methods We undertook a 1-week advertising campaign utilizing the integrated, targeted advertising platform of Facebook Ads Manager with a target-spending limit of US $294. We created and posted three advertisements depicting varying levels of agricultural safety adoption leading to a brief survey on farm demographics and safety attitudes. We targeted our advertisements toward farm mothers aged 21-50 years in the United States and determined cost-effectiveness and potential biases. No participant incentive was offered. Results We reached 40,024 users and gathered 318 advertisement clicks. Twenty-nine participants consented to the survey with 24 completions. Including personnel costs, the cost per completed survey was US $17.42. Compared to the distribution of female producers in the United States, our advertisements were unexpectedly overrepresented in the eastern United States and were underrepresented in the western United States. Conclusions Facebook Ads Manager represents a potentially cost-effective and timely method to recruit participants for online health and safety research when targeting a specific population. However, social media recruitment mirrors traditional recruitment methods in its limitations, exhibiting geographic, response, and self-selection biases that need to be addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard R Burke
- National Farm Medicine Center, Marshfield Clinic Research Institute, Marshfield, WI, United States
| | - Bryan P Weichelt
- National Farm Medicine Center, Marshfield Clinic Research Institute, Marshfield, WI, United States
| | - Kang Namkoong
- Department of Communications, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, United States
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20
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Mena-Tudela D, Iglesias-Casás S, González-Chordá VM, Valero-Chillerón MJ, Andreu-Pejó L, Cervera-Gasch Á. Obstetric Violence in Spain (Part III): Healthcare Professionals, Times, and Areas. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18073359. [PMID: 33805074 PMCID: PMC8037882 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18073359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Revised: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obstetric violence is a worldwide public health problem, which seems greater in Spain. As no studies were found that identify the most representative healthcare professionals, times, and areas involved in obstetric violence, the objective of this work was to study at what time of maternity, with which professionals, and in what areas women identified obstetric violence. METHODS This descriptive, retrospective, and cross-sectional study was performed from January 2018 to June 2019. The main variables were the area (hospital, primary care, both), the time (pregnancy, birth, puerperium), and the professionals attending to women. RESULTS Our sample comprised 17,541 participants. The area identified with the most obstetric violence for the different studied variables was hospitals. Women identified more obstetric violence at time of birth. Findings such as lack of information and informed consent (74.2%), and criticism of infantile behavior and treatment (87.6%), stood out. The main identified healthcare professionals were midwives and gynecologists, and "other" professionals repeatedly appeared. CONCLUSIONS Having identified the professionals, times, and areas of most obstetric violence in Spain, it seems necessary to reflect on not only the Spanish National Health System's structure and management but also on healthcare professionals' training.
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Affiliation(s)
- Desirée Mena-Tudela
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universitat Jaume I, Avda. Sos I Baynat s/n, 12071 Castellón, Spain; (V.M.G.-C.); (M.J.V.-C.); (L.A.-P.); (Á.C.-G.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-964-387-807
| | - Susana Iglesias-Casás
- Department of Obstetrics, Hospital do Salnés, Villgarcía de Aurousa, 36619 Pontevendra, Spain;
| | - Víctor Manuel González-Chordá
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universitat Jaume I, Avda. Sos I Baynat s/n, 12071 Castellón, Spain; (V.M.G.-C.); (M.J.V.-C.); (L.A.-P.); (Á.C.-G.)
| | - María Jesús Valero-Chillerón
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universitat Jaume I, Avda. Sos I Baynat s/n, 12071 Castellón, Spain; (V.M.G.-C.); (M.J.V.-C.); (L.A.-P.); (Á.C.-G.)
| | - Laura Andreu-Pejó
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universitat Jaume I, Avda. Sos I Baynat s/n, 12071 Castellón, Spain; (V.M.G.-C.); (M.J.V.-C.); (L.A.-P.); (Á.C.-G.)
| | - Águeda Cervera-Gasch
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universitat Jaume I, Avda. Sos I Baynat s/n, 12071 Castellón, Spain; (V.M.G.-C.); (M.J.V.-C.); (L.A.-P.); (Á.C.-G.)
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21
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Burdens and Educational Needs of Informal Caregivers of Older Adults With Urinary Incontinence: An Internet-Based Study. Rehabil Nurs 2021; 46:172-178. [PMID: 33591086 DOI: 10.1097/rnj.0000000000000317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to describe the burden and educational needs of informal caregivers of care-dependent older adults with urinary incontinence (UI). DESIGN A cross-sectional, descriptive survey of informal caregivers recruited through Google Ads was performed. METHODS An online survey, including the Overactive Bladder-Family Impact Measure, was used to assess five areas of the experience of the informal caregiver that may be affected by caring for a person with UI and their educational needs. FINDINGS Respondents (n = 77) reported a substantial impact of their care recipients' UI on their lives, with concern, travel, and social subscales most affected. However, 42% never sought treatment on behalf of their care recipient. Educational needs included UI treatment strategies and guidance to select appropriate supplies. CONCLUSIONS Caregivers underreported their care recipient's UI and need substantially more support from healthcare providers to manage the condition. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Nurses should assess for UI among care-dependent older adults and, if present, provide information and strategies to lessen the impact on caregiver lives.
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22
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Rojas LM, Bahamon M, Lebron C, Montero-Zamora P, Pardo M, Wakefield M, Tapia M, Estrada Y, Schwartz SJ, Pantin H. A Feasibility Trial of an Online-Only, Family-Centered Preventive Intervention for Hispanics: e-Familias Unidas. J Prim Prev 2021; 42:97-124. [PMID: 33532952 DOI: 10.1007/s10935-020-00620-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
We piloted the preventive intervention e-Familias Unidas, delivered exclusively through the Internet to maximize reach and sustainability. This program is an adaptation of an evidence-based, family-centered intervention that aims to prevent Hispanic adolescent drug use and risky sexual behavior through improving family functioning. The purpose of this feasibility trial was to: (1) explore the use of Facebook and a trusted community champion in the online recruitment of Hispanic parents of adolescents, (2) test an online-only assessment and randomization protocol, (3) pilot intervention delivery via e-familiasunidas.com, and (4) assess pre-post changes in family functioning. We tracked participant recruitment and enrollment via Facebook analytics and REDCap. Intervention completion was tracked via our website. We conducted an ANCOVA to test for between group (e-Familias Unidas vs. control) differences post-intervention. Recruitment lasted for a total of 10 weeks and was divided into three phases, with each phase systematically assessing which strategies maximized recruitment and enrollment. Overall, 93 Hispanic parents enrolled in the study. Of those randomized to the intervention group (n = 46), 70% were engaged and watched an average of 5.4 out of the 12 online videos. We found that participants recruited through a community champion, versus Facebook advertisements, had higher rates of enrollment and intervention completion. There was a significant improvement in parent-adolescent communication for parents who received e-Familias Unidas compared to those in the control group (n = 47). This pilot trial demonstrated it is feasible to recruit, assess, and deliver e-Familias Unidas to Hispanic parents through an online-only platform. Our findings highlight the promise of an online platform to optimize the reach of preventive interventions for underserved populations, to more effectively target participants, and to disseminate sustainable evidence-based interventions. We discuss lessons learned and recommendations for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lourdes M Rojas
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 1120 NW 14th Street, Miami, FL, 33136, USA.
| | - Monica Bahamon
- Emergency Department, Jackson Memorial Hospital, 1611 NW 12th Ave, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - Cynthia Lebron
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 1120 NW 14th Street, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - Pablo Montero-Zamora
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 1120 NW 14th Street, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - Maria Pardo
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 1120 NW 14th Street, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - Mandeville Wakefield
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 1120 NW 14th Street, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - Maria Tapia
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 1120 NW 14th Street, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - Yannine Estrada
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 1120 NW 14th Street, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - Seth J Schwartz
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 1120 NW 14th Street, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - Hilda Pantin
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 1120 NW 14th Street, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
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Axén I, Björk Brämberg E, Galaasen Bakken A, Kwak L. Recruiting in intervention studies: challenges and solutions. BMJ Open 2021; 11:e044702. [PMID: 33495262 PMCID: PMC7839899 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-044702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Revised: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In order for study results to be relevant for practice, the study participants should represent the source population. A common problem is recruitment of sufficient and representative subjects, threatening the external validity of the study and, ultimately, evidence-based practice. The aim was to highlight common challenges and to present possible solutions to recruitment. METHODS Using four recent randomised controlled trials as examples, common recruitment challenges were highlighted and solutions were proposed. The four studies represented some common and some specific challenges, but they investigated interventions for the prevention of the two major public health challenges of today: musculoskeletal pain and common mental disorders. RESULTS Identified challenges and suggested solutions were presented as a checklist to be used for future trials in order to aid recruitment and reporting thereof.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iben Axén
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | | | - Lydia Kwak
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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24
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Mena-Tudela D, Iglesias-Casás S, González-Chordá VM, Cervera-Gasch Á, Andreu-Pejó L, Valero-Chilleron MJ. Obstetric Violence in Spain (Part II): Interventionism and Medicalization during Birth. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 18:E199. [PMID: 33383862 PMCID: PMC7794951 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18010199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Revised: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND obstetric violence can partially be represented by the high number of interventions and medicalization rates during the birthing process. The objective of the present study was to determine the interventionism and medicalization levels during childbirth in Spain. METHODS a descriptive, retrospective, and cross-sectional study was conducted between January 2018 and June 2019. RESULTS the intervention percentages were 34.2% for Kristeller maneuver and 39.3% for episiotomy. Differences appeared in public, private, and mixed healthcare settings (p < 0.001). The mean satisfaction, with healthcare in the different settings, was estimated at 6.88 points (SD ± 2.146) in public healthcare, 4.76 points (SD ± 3.968) in private healthcare, and 8.03 points (SD ± 1.930) in mixed healthcare (p < 0.001). No statistically significant differences were found in Spanish autonomous communities. CONCLUSIONS births in Spain seem to be highly intervened. In this study, a certain equity criterion was found concerning interventionism during childbirth in Spain. Healthcare influenced female intervention, satisfaction, and perception levels for obstetric violence; this evidences that female empowerment plays an important role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Desirée Mena-Tudela
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universitat Jaume I, 12071 Castellón, Spain; (V.M.G.-C.); (Á.C.-G.); (L.A.-P.); (M.J.V.-C.)
| | - Susana Iglesias-Casás
- Department of Obstetrics, Hospital do Salnés, Villgarcía de Aurousa, 36619 Pontevedra, Spain;
| | - Víctor Manuel González-Chordá
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universitat Jaume I, 12071 Castellón, Spain; (V.M.G.-C.); (Á.C.-G.); (L.A.-P.); (M.J.V.-C.)
| | - Águeda Cervera-Gasch
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universitat Jaume I, 12071 Castellón, Spain; (V.M.G.-C.); (Á.C.-G.); (L.A.-P.); (M.J.V.-C.)
| | - Laura Andreu-Pejó
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universitat Jaume I, 12071 Castellón, Spain; (V.M.G.-C.); (Á.C.-G.); (L.A.-P.); (M.J.V.-C.)
| | - María Jesús Valero-Chilleron
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universitat Jaume I, 12071 Castellón, Spain; (V.M.G.-C.); (Á.C.-G.); (L.A.-P.); (M.J.V.-C.)
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Dahne J, Tomko RL, McClure EA, Obeid JS, Carpenter MJ. Remote Methods for Conducting Tobacco-Focused Clinical Trials. Nicotine Tob Res 2020; 22:2134-2140. [PMID: 32531046 PMCID: PMC7454765 DOI: 10.1093/ntr/ntaa105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Most tobacco-focused clinical trials are based on locally conducted studies that face significant challenges to implementation and successful execution. These challenges include the need for large, diverse, yet still representative study samples. This often means a protracted, costly, and inefficient recruitment process. Multisite clinical trials can overcome some of these hurdles but incur their own unique challenges. With recent advances in mobile health and digital technologies, there is now a promising alternative: Remote Trials. These trials are led and coordinated by a local investigative team, but are based remotely, within a given community, state, or even nation. The remote approach affords many of the benefits of multisite trials (more efficient recruitment of larger study samples) without the same barriers (cost, multisite management, and regulatory hurdles). The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) global health pandemic has resulted in rapid requirements to shift ongoing clinical trials to remote delivery and assessment platforms, making methods for the conduct of remote trials even more timely. The purpose of the present review is to provide an overview of available methods for the conduct of remote tobacco-focused clinical trials as well as illustrative examples of how these methods have been implemented across recently completed and ongoing tobacco studies. We focus on key aspects of the clinical trial pipeline including remote: (1) study recruitment and screening, (2) informed consent, (3) assessment, (4) biomarker collection, and (5) medication adherence monitoring. Implications With recent advances in mobile health and digital technologies, remote trials now offer a promising alternative to traditional in-person clinical trials. Remote trials afford expedient recruitment of large, demographically representative study samples, without undo burden to a research team. The present review provides an overview of available methods for the conduct of remote tobacco-focused clinical trials across key aspects of the clinical trial pipeline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Dahne
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC
- Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC
| | - Rachel L Tomko
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC
| | - Erin A McClure
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC
- Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC
| | - Jihad S Obeid
- Biomedical Informatics Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC
| | - Matthew J Carpenter
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC
- Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC
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Prescott J, Rathbone AL, Brown G. Online peer to peer support: Qualitative analysis of UK and US open mental health Facebook groups. Digit Health 2020; 6:2055207620979209. [PMID: 33354335 PMCID: PMC7734541 DOI: 10.1177/2055207620979209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective This research aimed to gain further understanding of how open Facebook groups are used for online peer to peer support and identify any similarities and/or differences between UK and US groups. Method A systematic search of mental health related open Facebook groups was conducted using relevant key words. The posts from 14 UK and 11 US groups were acquired over a three month period and content thematically analysed using Nvivo. Results Findings support previous research which evidences that online peer to peer support is beneficial for users seeking mental health information. Said support can increase feelings of connectedness, reduce feelings of isolation, and provide a platform for comparison of perspectives relating to personal experiences. Group membership may offer hope and increase feelings of empowerment in those using Facebook groups as a support mechanism. There was similar discourse seen throughout both UK and US posts in regards to gender inequality, lack of awareness and stigmatisation. Conclusions The study highlights the positive impact of shared personal experiences, and offers a greater understanding of the benefits of online peer to peer support for mental health and wellbeing. There is evidence that, whilst mental health is becoming a more widely discussed topic, in both the UK and US, it remains negatively perceived. Questions are posed for group administrators and health professionals relating to their utilisation and moderation of such online peer to peer support networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Prescott
- School of Education and Psychology, University of Bolton, Bolton, UK
| | | | - Gill Brown
- School of Education and Psychology, University of Bolton, Bolton, UK
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Obstetric Violence in Spain (Part I): Women's Perception and Interterritorial Differences. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17217726. [PMID: 33105788 PMCID: PMC7660046 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17217726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2020] [Revised: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The decentralization of health systems can have direct repercussions on maternity care. Some inequalities can be noted in outcomes, like neonatal and child mortality in Spain. This study aimed to make the presence of obstetric violence in Spain visible as an interterritorial equity criterion. A descriptive, restrospective and cross-sectional study was conducted between January 2018 and June 2019. The sample comprised 17,541 questionnaires, which represented all Spanish Autonomous Communities. Of our sample, 38.3% perceived having suffered obstetric violence; 44.4% perceived that they had undergone unnecessary and/or painful procedures, of whom 83.4% were not requested to provide informed consent. The mean satisfaction with the attention women received obtained 6.94 points in the general sample and 4.85 points for those women who viewed themselves as victims of obstetric violence. Spain seems to have a serious problem with public health and respecting human rights in obstetric violence. Offering information to women and requesting their informed consent are barely practiced in the healthcare system, so it is necessary to profoundly reflect on obstetric practices with, and request informed consent from, women in Spain.
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Lemley SM, Klausner JD, Young SD, Stafylis C, Mulatya C, Oden N, Xie H, Revoredo L, Shmueli-Blumberg D, Hichborn E, McKelle E, Moran L, Jacobs P, Marsch LA. Comparing Web-Based Platforms for Promoting HIV Self-Testing and Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis Uptake in High-Risk Men Who Have Sex With Men: Protocol for a Longitudinal Cohort Study. JMIR Res Protoc 2020; 9:e20417. [PMID: 33074164 PMCID: PMC7605984 DOI: 10.2196/20417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Revised: 08/06/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The majority of those living with HIV in the United States are men who have sex with men (MSM), and young, minority MSM account for more new HIV infections than any other group. HIV transmission can be reduced through detection and early treatment initiation or by starting pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP), but rates of testing are lower than recommended among MSM, and PrEP uptake has been slow. Although promoting HIV testing and PrEP uptake by placing advertisements on web-based platforms - such as social media websites and dating apps - is a promising approach for promoting HIV testing and PrEP, the relative effectiveness of HIV prevention advertising on common web-based platforms is underexamined. OBJECTIVE This study aims to evaluate the relative effectiveness of advertisements placed on 3 types of web-based platforms (social media websites, dating apps, and informational websites) for promoting HIV self-testing and PrEP uptake. METHODS Advertisements will be placed on social media websites (Facebook, Instagram, and Twitter), dating apps (Grindr, Jack'd, and Hornet), and informational search websites (Google, Yahoo, and Bing) to recruit approximately 400 young (18-30 years old), minority (Black or Latino) MSM at elevated risk of HIV exposure. Recruitment will occur in 3 waves, with each wave running advertisements on 1 website from each type of platform. The number of participants per platform is not prespecified, and recruitment in each wave will occur until approximately 133 HIV self-tests are ordered. Participants will complete a baseline survey assessing risk behavior, substance use, psychological readiness to test, and attitudes and then receive an electronic code to order a free home-based HIV self-test kit. Two follow-ups are planned to assess HIV self-test results and PrEP uptake. RESULTS Recruitment was completed in July 2020. CONCLUSIONS Findings may improve our understanding of how the platform users' receptivity to test for HIV differs across web-based platforms and thus may assist in facilitating web-based HIV prevention campaigns. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04155502; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04155502. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID) DERR1-10.2196/20417.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shea M Lemley
- Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, Lebanon, NH, United States
| | - Jeffrey D Klausner
- David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Sean D Young
- Department of Emergency Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States.,Department of Informatics, Bren School of Information and Computer Sciences, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
| | - Chrysovalantis Stafylis
- David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | | | - Neal Oden
- The Emmes Company, LLC, Rockville, MD, United States
| | - Haiyi Xie
- Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, Lebanon, NH, United States
| | | | | | - Emily Hichborn
- Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, Lebanon, NH, United States
| | - Erin McKelle
- ETR Associates (Education, Training and Research), Oakland, CA, United States
| | - Landhing Moran
- National Institute on Drug Abuse, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Petra Jacobs
- National Institute on Drug Abuse, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Lisa A Marsch
- Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, Lebanon, NH, United States
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Asimakopoulou K, Hoorens V, Speed E, Coulson NS, Antoniszczak D, Collyer F, Deschrijver E, Dubbin L, Faulks D, Forsyth R, Goltsi V, Harsløf I, Larsen K, Manaras I, Olczak-Kowalczyk D, Willis K, Xenou T, Scambler S. Comparative optimism about infection and recovery from COVID-19; Implications for adherence with lockdown advice. Health Expect 2020; 23:1502-1511. [PMID: 32985115 PMCID: PMC7537209 DOI: 10.1111/hex.13134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Revised: 08/09/2020] [Accepted: 09/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Comparative optimism, the belief that negative events are more likely to happen to others rather than to oneself, is well established in health risk research. It is unknown, however, whether comparative optimism also permeates people’s health expectations and potentially behaviour during the COVID‐19 pandemic. Objectives Data were collected through an international survey (N = 6485) exploring people’s thoughts and psychosocial behaviours relating to COVID‐19. This paper reports UK data on comparative optimism. In particular, we examine the belief that negative events surrounding risk and recovery from COVID‐19 are perceived as more likely to happen to others rather than to oneself. Methods Using online snowball sampling through social media, anonymous UK survey data were collected from N = 645 adults during weeks 5‐8 of the UK COVID‐19 lockdown. The sample was normally distributed in terms of age and reflected the UK ethnic and disability profile. Findings Respondents demonstrated comparative optimism where they believed that as compared to others of the same age and gender, they were unlikely to experience a range of controllable (eg accidentally infect/ be infected) and uncontrollable (eg need hospitalization/ intensive care treatment if infected) COVID‐19‐related risks in the short term (P < .001). They were comparatively pessimistic (ie thinking they were more at risk than others for developing COVID‐19‐related infection or symptoms) when thinking about the next year. Discussion This is one of the first ever studies to report compelling comparative biases in UK adults’ thinking about COVID‐19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koula Asimakopoulou
- Centre for Host Microbiome Interactions, Faculty of Dentistry, Oral & Craniofacial Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Vera Hoorens
- Centre for Social and Cultural Psychology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ewen Speed
- School of Health & Social Care, University of Essex, Colchester, UK
| | | | | | - Fran Collyer
- The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Eliane Deschrijver
- Ghent University, Gent, Belgium.,University of New South Wales (UNSW), Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Leslie Dubbin
- University of California, San Francisco , Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Denise Faulks
- Universite Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France.,CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Service Odontologie, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | | | | | | | - Kristian Larsen
- Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway.,University of Copenhagen, Kobenhavn, Denmark
| | | | | | | | | | - Sasha Scambler
- Centre for Host Microbiome Interactions, Faculty of Dentistry, Oral & Craniofacial Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
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Ersen G, Kasim I, Agadayi E, Demir Alsancak A, Sengezer T, Ozkara A. Factors Affecting the Behavior and Duration of Breastfeeding Among Physician Mothers. J Hum Lact 2020; 36:471-477. [PMID: 31895600 DOI: 10.1177/0890334419892257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Increasing breastfeeding duration may help physician mothers better counsel their patients. To improve the breastfeeding duration of physician mothers, the factors that may influence their breastfeeding duration should be known. RESEARCH AIM To investigate the breastfeeding behavior and duration among physician mothers and to determine the factors that influence breastfeeding practices. METHODS This was an online prospective cross-sectional self-report survey. A 26-item author-created data-collecting tool inquiring sociodemographic and work characteristics, medical history of delivery, and breastfeeding history was sent to female physicians who had infants between 12 and 60 months of age via an online social group, "Physician Mothers," with 11,632 members. Participants (N = 615) responded, and descriptive statistics were analyzed. RESULTS Participants' mean duration of exclusive breastfeeding was 4.8 months (SD = 1.9). The total breastfeeding length was a mean 15.8 months (SD = 7.6). The rate of breastfeeding duration for at least 24 months was 17.8% (n = 75). The most common reason for weaning from breastfeeding was workplace-related conditions (23.6%, n = 145). Participants reported that the mean time of resuming night shifts after delivery was 8.6 months (SD = 4.7). The rate of participants who were unable to use their breastfeeding leave rights partially or completely was 43.6% (n = 268). CONCLUSION Although legislation is in place to allow working mothers to breastfeed their infants, these legal rights were not used properly. Physician mothers should be fully supported in using their breastfeeding leave rights, and workplace conditions should be improved to enable physician mothers to breastfeed their infants for extended periods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gamze Ersen
- 64130 Family Medicine Department, Ankara Numune Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ismail Kasim
- 64130 Family Medicine Department, Ankara Numune Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ezgi Agadayi
- Family Medicine Clinic, Sivas Akincilar State Hospital, Sivas, Turkey
| | | | - Tijen Sengezer
- 64130 Family Medicine Department, Ankara Numune Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Adem Ozkara
- 64130 Family Medicine Department, Ankara Numune Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
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Robinson H, Appelbe D, Dodd S, Flowers S, Johnson S, Jones SH, Mateus C, Mezes B, Murray E, Rainford N, Rosala-Hallas A, Walker A, Williamson P, Lobban F. Methodological Challenges in Web-Based Trials: Update and Insights From the Relatives Education and Coping Toolkit Trial. JMIR Ment Health 2020; 7:e15878. [PMID: 32497018 PMCID: PMC7395253 DOI: 10.2196/15878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2019] [Revised: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
RR2-10.1136/bmjopen-2017-016965.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather Robinson
- Division of Health Research, Spectrum Centre for Mental Health Research, Lancaster University, Lancaster, United Kingdom
| | - Duncan Appelbe
- Department of Biostatistics, Clinical Trials Research Centre, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Susanna Dodd
- Department of Biostatistics, Clinical Trials Research Centre, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Susan Flowers
- Division of Health Research, Spectrum Centre for Mental Health Research, Lancaster University, Lancaster, United Kingdom
| | - Sonia Johnson
- Division of Psychiatry, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Steven H Jones
- Division of Health Research, Spectrum Centre for Mental Health Research, Lancaster University, Lancaster, United Kingdom
| | - Céu Mateus
- Division of Health Research, Lancaster University, Lancaster, United Kingdom
| | - Barbara Mezes
- Division of Health Research, Spectrum Centre for Mental Health Research, Lancaster University, Lancaster, United Kingdom
| | - Elizabeth Murray
- Research Department of Primary Care and Population Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Naomi Rainford
- Department of Biostatistics, Clinical Trials Research Centre, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Anna Rosala-Hallas
- Department of Biostatistics, Clinical Trials Research Centre, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew Walker
- Division of Health Research, Spectrum Centre for Mental Health Research, Lancaster University, Lancaster, United Kingdom
| | - Paula Williamson
- Department of Biostatistics, Clinical Trials Research Centre, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Fiona Lobban
- Division of Health Research, Spectrum Centre for Mental Health Research, Lancaster University, Lancaster, United Kingdom
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Vulvar Lichen Sclerosus: Outcomes Important to Patients in Assessing Disease Severity. J Low Genit Tract Dis 2020; 24:299-304. [PMID: 32569254 DOI: 10.1097/lgt.0000000000000547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of the study was to determine outcome measures that women with vulvar lichen sclerosus (LS) rate as important in assessing disease severity with the ultimate goal of including these items in a disease severity rating tool. METHODS An online survey of women older than 18 years with a diagnosis of vulvar LS was performed. The survey was posted in Facebook LS support groups. Participants rated items on a scale from 1 to 5 (not important to include to essential to include) in a disease severity scale. Participants also rated how often they were affected by various symptoms on a scale from 1 to 5 (never to daily). Mean rating of importance and mean rating of frequency for each sign and symptom were calculated. T tests were used to compare patients with biopsy-proven disease with those with a clinical diagnosis of LS. RESULTS Nine hundred fifty-eight participants completed the survey (86% completion rate). Patients felt that the most important items to assess disease severity were irritation (4.39), fusion of the labia (4.38), soreness (4.37), itch (4.34), change in vulvar skin (4.34), and decrease in quality of life (4.33). The most frequently experienced items by those with LS were irritation (3.92), changes in appearance of vulvar skin (3.92), and discomfort (3.89). There were no differences between patients with biopsy-proven LS versus those diagnosed on clinical examination. CONCLUSIONS Future LS severity assessment tools will need to include a combination of patient-rated symptoms, clinical rated signs and anatomical changes, and quality of life measures.
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Folk JB, Harrison A, Rodriguez C, Wallace A, Tolou-Shams M. Feasibility of Social Media-Based Recruitment and Perceived Acceptability of Digital Health Interventions for Caregivers of Justice-Involved Youth: Mixed Methods Study. J Med Internet Res 2020; 22:e16370. [PMID: 32352388 PMCID: PMC7226029 DOI: 10.2196/16370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2019] [Revised: 12/30/2019] [Accepted: 02/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Caregiver involvement is critical for supporting positive behavioral health and legal outcomes for justice-involved youth; however, recruiting this population into clinical research studies and engaging them in treatment remain challenging. Technology-based approaches are a promising, yet understudied avenue for recruiting and intervening with caregivers of justice-involved youth. OBJECTIVE This mixed methods study aimed to assess the feasibility of recruiting caregivers of justice-involved youth using social media into clinical research and to understand caregivers' perceptions of the acceptability of digital health interventions. METHODS Caregivers of justice-involved youth were recruited through paid Facebook advertisements to participate in a Web-based survey. Advertisement design was determined using Facebook A/B split testing, and the advertisement with the lowest cost per link click was used for the primary advertisement campaign. Survey participants were offered the option to participate in a follow-up qualitative phone interview focused on the perceived feasibility and acceptability of digital health interventions. RESULTS Facebook advertisements were successful in quickly recruiting a diverse set of caregivers (80/153, 52.3% female; mean age 43 years, SD 7; 76/168, 45.2% black, 34/168, 20.2% white, and 28/168, 16.7% Latinx; and 97/156, 62.2% biological parents); cost per click was US $0.53, and conversion rate was 11.5%. Survey participants used multiple social media platforms; 60.1% (101/168) of the participants indicated they would participate in a digital health intervention for caregivers of justice-involved youth. Survey respondents' most preferred intervention was supportive and motivational parenting messages via SMS text message. Of the survey respondents, 18 completed a phone interview (12/18, 67% female; mean age 45 years, SD 10; 10/18, 56% black, 7/18, 39% white, and 1/18, 6% Latinx; and 16/18, 89% biological parents). Interview participant responses suggested digital health interventions are acceptable, but they expressed both likes (eg, alleviates barriers to treatment access) and concerns (eg, privacy); their most preferred intervention was video-based family therapy. CONCLUSIONS Recruiting and intervening with caregivers of justice-involved youth through social media and other digital health approaches may be a feasible and acceptable approach to overcoming barriers to accessing traditional in-person behavioral health care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanna Bailey Folk
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Anna Harrison
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Francisco, CA, United States
- San Francisco Veterans Affairs Medical Center, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Christopher Rodriguez
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Amanda Wallace
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Francisco, CA, United States
- New York-Presbyterian/Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Marina Tolou-Shams
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Francisco, CA, United States
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Lipnicky A, Kelly PJ, Ramaswamy M. Facebook as a follow-up tool for women with criminal justice histories. Int J Prison Health 2020; 16:117-122. [PMID: 33634650 PMCID: PMC10127450 DOI: 10.1108/ijph-08-2019-0042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this study is to measure Facebook (FB) use as a tool for maintaining research contact with hard-to-reach women with criminal justice histories. DESIGN/METHODOLOGY/APPROACH Retrospective data were analyzed from a jail health intervention. Bivariate analysis compared the rates of follow-up between FB group users and non-FB group users at one post-intervention time point. Multivariate models explored predictors for FB group follow-up. FINDINGS Among 184 participants, 89 (48.4%) used the private research FB group. This group was more likely to complete the follow-up survey one year after enrollment compared to non-FB group users (P = 0.002). Regression analyses showed that, compared to non-FB group users, FB group users were more likely to be younger and have a history of sexually transmitted infections. PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS FB is popular among women with criminal justice histories. Use of this social media site with study participants from hard-to-reach populations may enhance study retention. ORIGINALITY/VALUE This paper fills a gap in examining the long-term use of FB as a research strategy to maintain contain with typically hard-to-reach populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashlyn Lipnicky
- Department of Population Health, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
| | - Patricia J Kelly
- School of Nursing and Health Sciences, University of Missouri Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri, USA
| | - Megha Ramaswamy
- Department of Population Health, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
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Chambers M, Bliss K, Rambur B. Recruiting Research Participants via Traditional Snowball vs Facebook Advertisements and a Website. West J Nurs Res 2020; 42:846-851. [PMID: 32009549 DOI: 10.1177/0193945920904445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This article describes the use of Facebook, a website targeting nurses, and snowball sampling for recruitment of registered nurse participants in a qualitative study exploring measurement-driven clinical behavior and metric-driven harm. Previous studies suggest that social media can be a successful and cost-effective sampling strategy, increasing the numbers of participants, their diversity, and their representativeness of the population of interest. This study, however, found traditional snowball sampling to be far more effective than advertisements via Facebook and a professional website. Lessons learned are detailed, including cost and technical issues encountered. Suggestions for nurse researchers considering using Facebook for participant recruitment are described. Methodological research that could enhance the empirical-base supporting effective social media recruitment of research participants is offered for consideration by nurse researchers.
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Musker M, Short C, Licinio J, Wong ML, Bidargaddi N. Using behaviour change theory to inform an innovative digital recruitment strategy in a mental health research setting. J Psychiatr Res 2020; 120:1-13. [PMID: 31610405 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2019.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2019] [Revised: 09/18/2019] [Accepted: 09/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Recruitment in mental health research is challenging, as some disorders such as depression or schizophrenia may involve vulnerable participants that lack motivation as part of their illness. A mental health diagnosis can be stigmatising, so privacy and access to hospital-based patient cohorts is carefully controlled. Our team describe a pragmatic portal recruitment process for facilitating timely recruitment into multiple research studies focusing on mental health. Three factors were analysed; evaluating the success and impact of this novel recruitment process; identification of patterns in recruitment to better target participants; and provision of metrics of the different media formats engaged. A web-based recruitment portal was developed by the research team in collaboration with the South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute (SAHMRI) Consumer & Carer Research Advisory Group. A comprehensive marketing campaign was then undertaken to direct participants towards the portal. Recruitment insights from the dates and times of registration across a two-year period is provided. In total, 933 potential participants registered with the recruitment portal across a two-year period at a cost of approximately $10,000. The advertisement campaign linked to the portal page enabled 506 participants to register in just one week. The area of research was self-selected by the potential participants, then eligibility was followed up with telephone and face to face interviews. Of the total 933 people who registered 706 (76%) expressed an interest in the target clinical depression study, 119 (13%) opted to be clinical controls, and the remainder chose one of the alternative studies. 240 (26%) of those who registered were excluded through telephone interviews because they fell outside of the strict eligibility criterion. We learnt that 77% (n = 723/933) of participants were recruited within seven days of promotional events, providing an interesting pattern of recruitment that may assist future recruitment design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Musker
- South Australian Health & Medical Research Institute, Australia; Flinders University, Bedford Park, SA, 5042, Australia; The University of Adelaide, Adelaide Graduate Centre Level 2, Adelaide, Schulz Building, SA, 5000, Australia.
| | - Camille Short
- South Australian Health & Medical Research Institute, Australia; The University of Adelaide, Adelaide Graduate Centre Level 2, Adelaide, Schulz Building, SA, 5000, Australia; University of Melbourne, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry, and Health Sciences, Level 7, Redmond Barry Building, Parkville, Victoria, 3010, Australia.
| | - Julio Licinio
- South Australian Health & Medical Research Institute, Australia; Flinders University, Bedford Park, SA, 5042, Australia; Upstate Medical University, New York, 155 Elizabeth Blackwell St, Syracuse, NY, 13210, USA.
| | - Ma-Li Wong
- South Australian Health & Medical Research Institute, Australia; Flinders University, Bedford Park, SA, 5042, Australia; Upstate Medical University, New York, 155 Elizabeth Blackwell St, Syracuse, NY, 13210, USA.
| | - Niranjan Bidargaddi
- South Australian Health & Medical Research Institute, Australia; Flinders University, Bedford Park, SA, 5042, Australia.
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Hulbert-Williams NJ, Pendrous R, Hulbert-Williams L, Swash B. Recruiting cancer survivors into research studies using online methods: a secondary analysis from an international cancer survivorship cohort study. Ecancermedicalscience 2019; 13:990. [PMID: 32010214 PMCID: PMC6974371 DOI: 10.3332/ecancer.2019.990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Recruiting participants into cancer survivorship research remains a significant challenge. Few studies have tested and compared the relative use of non-clinical online recruitment methods, especially in samples of adult cancer survivors. This paper reports on the feasibility of recruiting a representative cohort of cancer survivors using online social media. Two hundred participants with cancer diagnosis within the past 12 months were recruited via social media (Facebook, Twitter and Reddit) into a longitudinal questionnaire study. Different methods of online recruitment proved to be more effective than others over time. Paid Facebook boosting, Reddit posts and Twitter advertisements placed by existing cancer charities proved most helpful in reaching our recruitment target (contributing 27%, 22% and 32%, respectively). Recruiting online achieved a more demographically and clinically representative sample for our study: our subject was younger, less heteronormative, including those with a range of clinical diagnoses, primary and recurrence illness, and patients who had both completed and were still receiving treatment. This was certainly not a quick method of sample recruitment but that could have been optimised by focussing only on the three most effective methods described earlier. While we found that online recruitment is significantly lower in cost than traditional recruitment methods, and can reduce some biases, there still remains the potential for some biases (e.g. excluding much older participants) and ethical/methodological issues (e.g. excluding those without access to Internet). We outline our recruitment strategy, retention rates and a cost breakdown in order to guide other researchers considering such methods for future research in cancer survivorship.
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Horrell LN, Lazard AJ, Bhowmick A, Hayes S, Mees S, Valle CG. Attracting Users to Online Health Communities: Analysis of LungCancer.net's Facebook Advertisement Campaign Data. J Med Internet Res 2019; 21:e14421. [PMID: 31682589 PMCID: PMC6861997 DOI: 10.2196/14421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2019] [Revised: 08/23/2019] [Accepted: 08/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND With growing numbers of adults turning to the internet to get answers for health-related questions, online communities provide platforms with participatory networks to deliver health information and social support. However, to optimize the benefits of these online communities, these platforms must market effectively to attract new members and promote community growth. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to assess the engagement results of Facebook advertisements designed to increase membership in the LungCancer.net online community. METHODS In the fall of 2017, a series of 5 weeklong Facebook advertisement campaigns were launched targeting adults over the age of 18 years with an interest in lung cancer to increase opt ins to the LungCancer.net community (ie, the number of people who provided their email to join the site). RESULTS The advertisements released during this campaign had a sum reach of 91,835 people, and 863 new members opted into the LungCancer.net community by providing their email address. Females aged 55 to 64 years were the largest population reached by the campaign (31,401/91,835; 34.29%), whereas females aged 65 and older were the largest population who opted into the LungCancer.net community (307/863; 35.57%). A total of US $1742 was invested in the Facebook campaigns, and 863 people opted into LungCancer.net, resulting in a cost of US $2.02 per new member. CONCLUSIONS This research demonstrates the feasibility of using Facebook advertising to promote and grow online health communities. More research is needed to compare the effectiveness of various advertising approaches. Public health professionals should consider Facebook campaigns to effectively connect intended audiences to health information and support.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lindsey N Horrell
- Department of Health Behavior, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Allison J Lazard
- School of Media and Journalism, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Amrita Bhowmick
- Department of Health Behavior, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
- Health Union, LLC, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Sara Hayes
- Health Union, LLC, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Susan Mees
- Health Union, LLC, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Carmina G Valle
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
- Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
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Vieira da Silva R, de Oliveira IR, Lopes Velasquez M. Stages of Change Readiness and Treatment Eagerness Scale in Overweight and Obesity's Psychometric Properties (SOCRATES-OO). J Clin Psychol Med Settings 2019; 27:805-817. [PMID: 31667648 DOI: 10.1007/s10880-019-09672-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The present study investigated the psychometric properties of the Stages of Change Readiness and Treatment Eagerness Scale (SOCRATES) in the context of overweight and obesity. The instrument was investigated in a non-probabilistic sample of 177 individuals who were overweight or obese. A confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was performed in order to provide evidence based on the internal consistency of the SOCRATES-OO scale with three correlated factors and two correlated factors. In addition, the University of Rhode Island Change Assessment (URICA) raw score was used to provide evidence in terms of convergent validity by its correlation with the domains of the best SOCRATES-OO solution. According to CFA, the theoretical solution with two correlated factors provided a better statistical fit. The psychometric evaluation of the 19 items of SOCRATES-OO presented a good fit under the two-factor model and satisfactory internal consistency by Omega of AMREC (Ambivalence + Recognition) 0.924 and Action 0.942.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renata Vieira da Silva
- Department of Neurosciences and Mental Health, Federal University of Bahia (UFBA), Salvador, BA, Brazil.
| | - Irismar Reis de Oliveira
- Department of Neurosciences and Mental Health, Federal University of Bahia (UFBA), Salvador, BA, Brazil
| | - Michella Lopes Velasquez
- Department of Neurosciences and Mental Health, Federal University of Bahia (UFBA), Salvador, BA, Brazil
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Changing the mindset for precision medicine: from incentivized biobanking models to genomic data. Genet Res (Camb) 2019; 101:e10. [PMID: 31668154 PMCID: PMC7044998 DOI: 10.1017/s0016672319000077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The emerging paradigm in contemporary healthcare, precision medicine, is widely seen as a revolutionary approach to both clinical treatment and overall health promotion. Precision models are making use of the most up-to-date technological advancements – such as genomics and ‘big data’ processing – in an effort to tailor healthcare to each individual. Yet the list of hurdles to successful implementation of precision medicine is no secret. Among the challenges, it was recently suggested in this journal that we must change the ‘mindset’ of patients, practitioners and the wider public (McGonigle, 2016). And while precision medicine indeed demands a significant shift, we must not understate the extent of the overhaul required. In particular, I argue, against McGonigle's suggestion, that the ethical challenges regarding participant contributions cannot be tackled by relying upon existing models of incentivized blood banking or organ donation. Instead, the success of precision medicine requires a wholescale change in mindset.
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Brieger K, Zajac GJM, Pandit A, Foerster JR, Li KW, Annis AC, Schmidt EM, Clark CP, McMorrow K, Zhou W, Yang J, Kwong AM, Boughton AP, Wu J, Scheller C, Parikh T, de la Vega A, Brazel DM, Frieser M, Rea-Sandin G, Fritsche LG, Vrieze SI, Abecasis GR. Genes for Good: Engaging the Public in Genetics Research via Social Media. Am J Hum Genet 2019; 105:65-77. [PMID: 31204010 PMCID: PMC6612519 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2019.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2018] [Accepted: 05/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The Genes for Good study uses social media to engage a large, diverse participant pool in genetics research and education. Health history and daily tracking surveys are administered through a Facebook application, and participants who complete a minimum number of surveys are mailed a saliva sample kit ("spit kit") to collect DNA for genotyping. As of March 2019, we engaged >80,000 individuals, sent spit kits to >32,000 individuals who met minimum participation requirements, and collected >27,000 spit kits. Participants come from all 50 states and include a diversity of ancestral backgrounds. Rates of important chronic health indicators are consistent with those estimated for the general U.S. population using more traditional study designs. However, our sample is younger and contains a greater percentage of females than the general population. As one means of verifying data quality, we have replicated genome-wide association studies (GWASs) for exemplar traits, such as asthma, diabetes, body mass index (BMI), and pigmentation. The flexible framework of the web application makes it relatively simple to add new questionnaires and for other researchers to collaborate. We anticipate that the study sample will continue to grow and that future analyses may further capitalize on the strengths of the longitudinal data in combination with genetic information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharine Brieger
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Gregory J M Zajac
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Anita Pandit
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
| | - Johanna R Foerster
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Kevin W Li
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Aubrey C Annis
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Ellen M Schmidt
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Chris P Clark
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Karly McMorrow
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Wei Zhou
- Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Jingjing Yang
- Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Alan M Kwong
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Andrew P Boughton
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Jinxi Wu
- School of Information, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Chris Scheller
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Tanvi Parikh
- Institute for Behavioral Genetics, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309, USA
| | - Alejandro de la Vega
- Institute for Behavioral Genetics, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309, USA
| | - David M Brazel
- Institute for Behavioral Genetics, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309, USA; Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309, USA
| | - Maia Frieser
- Institute for Behavioral Genetics, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309, USA; Department of Psychology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309, USA
| | - Gianna Rea-Sandin
- Department of Psychology, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85281, USA
| | - Lars G Fritsche
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Scott I Vrieze
- Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Gonçalo R Abecasis
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
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Chung SY, Hacker ED, Rawl S, Ellis R, Bakas T, Jones J, Welch J. Using Facebook in Recruiting Kidney Transplant Recipients for a REDCap Study. West J Nurs Res 2019; 41:1790-1812. [PMID: 30836840 DOI: 10.1177/0193945919832600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
This web-based study recruited kidney transplant recipients from Facebook using three recruiting methods over a 5-week period. Participants completed 125 survey items via REDCap (Research Electronic Data Capture) survey. Facebook recruitment generated 153 eligible participants who completed surveys. The average survey response time was 15.07 min (SD = 6.12; range: 4-43), with a low missing item rate (<5%). Facebook's standard ads were most effective for recruiting subjects (n = 78, 51%), followed by three targeted Facebook kidney transplant support groups (n = 52, 34%) and a pay-to-promote study page (n = 12, 7.8%). The average cost paid for each valid survey was US$2.19 through standard Facebook ads and US$2.92 from the study page. The cost for online survey completion is economically feasible even for those with limited funds. Issues related to online surveys including extreme survey response times and participant misrepresentation were reported in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Yu Chung
- Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, USA
| | | | - Susan Rawl
- Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, USA
| | - Rebecca Ellis
- Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, USA
| | | | - Josette Jones
- Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, USA
| | - Janet Welch
- Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, USA
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Bunge EL, Taylor LA, Bond M, Stephens TN, Nishimuta K, Barrera AZ, Wickham R, Muñoz RF. Facebook for recruiting Spanish- and English-speaking smokers. Internet Interv 2019; 17:100238. [PMID: 30886827 PMCID: PMC6403078 DOI: 10.1016/j.invent.2019.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2018] [Revised: 02/09/2019] [Accepted: 02/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recruitment for research is usually expensive and time consuming. Facebook (FB) recruitment has become widely utilized in recent years. The main aim of this study was to assess FB as a recruitment tool in a study for Spanish- and English-speaking smokers. Additionally, the study set out to compare performance of ads by language (Spanish vs. English), location (U.S. vs. San Francisco) and content (self-efficacy ad vs. fear appeal ad). METHODS Participants of a one-condition smoking cessation webapp study were recruited utilizing FB ads and posts through two phases: a recruitment-focused phase and an experimental phase comparing language, location and content. RESULTS During the recruitment phase 581 participants in total (U.S. = 540, San Francisco = 41) provided consent. Of the U.S. participants 275 were Spanish-speakers and 265 English-speakers. The cost-per-consent was $25.81 for Spanish-speakers, and $15.49 for English-speakers. During the experimental phase U.S. users performed better (i.e. more clicks, engagement and social reach) than San Francisco users, Spanish-speakers engaged more than English-speakers, and the self-efficacy ad performed better than the fear appeal ad. CONCLUSIONS This study showed that although there were differences in cost-per-consent for Spanish- and English-speakers, recruitment of Spanish-speakers through Facebook is feasible. Furthermore, comparing performance of ads by location, language, and ad content may contribute to developing more efficient campaigns.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Ricardo F. Muñoz
- Corresponding author at: Palo Alto University, 1791 Arastradero Rd., Palo Alto, CA 94304, United States of America.
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45
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Machado NM, Gomide HP, Bernardino HS, Ronzani TM. Facebook recruitment of smokers: comparing gain- and loss-framed ads for the purposes of an Internet-based smoking cessation intervention. CAD SAUDE PUBLICA 2019; 35:e00151318. [DOI: 10.1590/0102-311x00151318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2018] [Accepted: 04/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract: Gain- and loss-framed messages about smoking behavior have commonly been used to promote cessation. However, there are still no clear conclusions as to what kind of message is more effective for motivating smokers to quit. This study compared the effectiveness of loss- and gain-framed messages in the online recruitment of smokers via Facebook Advertising. Loss- and gain-framed messages about smoking were created and released as Facebook ads. Users who clicked on the ads were automatically redirected to the “Live Without Tobacco” intervention (http://www.vivasemtabaco.com.br). The amount spent on the ads was BRL 647.64. Data were collected from the Facebook Ads platform and from a relational database. Analyses were performed on the 6,350 users who clicked on one of the ads and 1,731 who were successfully redirected to the intervention. Gain-framed ads reached 174,029 people and loss-framed ads reached 180,527. The former received 2,688 clicks, while the latter received 3,662. The cost of the click was BRL 0.12 per gain-framed ad and BRL 0.09 per loss-framed ad. Loss-framed ads reached more users, got more clicks (and website accesses), and led to more accounts and quit plans being created. Loss-framed messages about smoking appear to be more cost-effective for both initial recruitment and intervention engagement. Facebook has proven to be a good outreach and recruitment tool and can be a solution for the difficulty in reaching smokers for cessation interventions.
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Crino ND, Parker HM, Gifford JA, Lau KYK, Greenfield EM, Donges CE, O'Dwyer NJ, Steinbeck KS, O'Connor HT. Recruiting young women to weight management programs: Barriers and enablers. Nutr Diet 2018; 76:392-398. [PMID: 30575276 DOI: 10.1111/1747-0080.12505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2018] [Revised: 10/25/2018] [Accepted: 11/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
AIM Recruiting young women to weight management research programs is difficult. The purpose of this study was to gain insights into the barriers and motivators that influence participation and to explore effective methods of recruitment from the perspective of young women with obesity living in both urban and regional areas. METHODS Semi-structured interviews were used to elicit information from focus groups. The interviews were transcribed, coded and analysed qualitatively. Eight focus groups, which included a total of 27 women, were conducted. Participants had a mean age of 29.1 (±5.1) years and a mean body mass index of 35.8 (±2.9) kg/m2 . RESULTS The barriers to participation were multifaceted and largely similar across urban and regional participants. Fear of judgement and uncertainty about the process were major psychosocial barriers. A lack of tailoring of program content was an important program-related barrier. Physical barriers such as time commitment, cost and access were discussed extensively, particularly in urban groups. The provision of incentives and the use of positive language that focusses on the benefits of the intervention were viewed positively. Physical and virtual methods of recruitment were identified as potentially effective provided they were presented in media that this group is likely to use and can access in a private location. CONCLUSIONS The results of this study provide a greater understanding of the challenges faced by young women in relation to participation in weight management programs and some of the potential methods that could be utilised to facilitate participation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie D Crino
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, Australia
| | - Helen M Parker
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, Australia.,Exercise and Sports Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Sydney, Lidcombe, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Janelle A Gifford
- Exercise and Sports Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Sydney, Lidcombe, New South Wales, Australia
| | - K Y Karen Lau
- Faculty of Science, University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
| | | | - Cheyne E Donges
- School of Exercise Science, Sport and Health, Charles Sturt University, Bathurst, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Nicholas J O'Dwyer
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, Australia.,Exercise and Sports Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Sydney, Lidcombe, New South Wales, Australia.,School of Exercise Science, Sport and Health, Charles Sturt University, Bathurst, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Katharine S Steinbeck
- The Children's Hospital at Westmead Clinical School, University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Helen T O'Connor
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, Australia.,Exercise and Sports Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Sydney, Lidcombe, New South Wales, Australia
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Akers L, Gordon JS. Using Facebook for Large-Scale Online Randomized Clinical Trial Recruitment: Effective Advertising Strategies. J Med Internet Res 2018; 20:e290. [PMID: 30409765 PMCID: PMC6250956 DOI: 10.2196/jmir.9372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2017] [Revised: 07/27/2018] [Accepted: 08/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Targeted Facebook advertising can be an effective strategy to recruit participants for a large-scale online study. Facebook advertising is useful for reaching people in a wide geographic area, matching a specific demographic profile. It can also target people who would be unlikely to search for the information and would thus not be accessible via Google AdWords. It is especially useful when it is desirable not to raise awareness of the study in a demographic group that would be ineligible for the study. This paper describes the use of Facebook advertising to recruit and enroll 1145 women over a 15-month period for a randomized clinical trial to teach support skills to female partners of male smokeless tobacco users. This tutorial shares our study team’s experiences, lessons learned, and recommendations to help researchers design Facebook advertising campaigns. Topics covered include designing the study infrastructure to optimize recruitment and enrollment tracking, creating a Facebook presence via a fan page, designing ads that attract potential participants while meeting Facebook’s strict requirements, and planning and managing an advertising campaign that accommodates the rapid rate of diminishing returns for each ad.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Akers
- Oregon Research Institute, Eugene, OR, United States
| | - Judith S Gordon
- College of Nursing, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
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Behavioral Health Treatment Receipt Among a Community Sample of Young Adult Veterans. J Behav Health Serv Res 2018; 44:536-550. [PMID: 27612467 DOI: 10.1007/s11414-016-9534-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Young adult veterans are at risk for behavioral health problems such as depression, posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and substance misuse. Despite this, studies of veterans within the Veterans Affairs Healthcare System (VA) indicate that about half of those warranting treatment receive it in any form, with few receiving an adequate dose of care. For this study, the behavioral health screening status and behavioral health usage (including care outside of VA settings) among a community sample of 812 young adult veterans recruited from the Internet is described. Although approximately 70% of the sample screened positive for behavioral health problems, only one fifth to three fifths of those screening positive reported any mental health or substance use treatment in the past year, with one third or less receiving a dose of minimally adequate psychotherapy or psychotropic care. Findings expand on prior work and suggest that more effort is necessary to engage young veterans in behavioral health services.
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Rodriguez LM, Osilla KC, Trail T, Gore K, Pedersen E. Alcohol Use Among Concerned Partners of Heavy Drinking Service Members and Veterans. JOURNAL OF MARITAL AND FAMILY THERAPY 2018; 44:277-291. [PMID: 28782116 PMCID: PMC5803486 DOI: 10.1111/jmft.12261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Heavy drinking in relationships is complex and we focus on an understudied sample of concerned partners (CPs) worried about their U.S. service member/veteran partner's drinking. We evaluated the link between CP drinking and their own mental health, and how CP drinking moderated the efficacy of a web-based intervention designed to address CPs' mental health and communication. CPs (N = 234) were randomly assigned to intervention or control and completed assessments at baseline and 5 months later. CP drinking was associated with greater CP depression, anxiety, and anger independent of partner drinking. Moreover, the intervention was more efficacious in reducing depression for heavy drinking CPs. CPs are often an overlooked population and resources to help support them are needed.
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50
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Osilla KC, Trail TE, Pedersen ER, Gore KL, Tolpadi A, Rodriguez LM. Efficacy of a Web-based Intervention for Concerned Spouses of Service Members and Veterans with Alcohol Misuse. JOURNAL OF MARITAL AND FAMILY THERAPY 2018; 44:292-306. [PMID: 28972265 PMCID: PMC5882610 DOI: 10.1111/jmft.12279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Concerned partners (CPs) of service members and veterans who misuse alcohol face help-seeking barriers and mental health problems. We used multiple regression to evaluate the efficacy of Partners Connect, a four-session web-based intervention (WBI) to address military CPs' mental health and communication. We randomized 312 CPs to the WBI or a control group. Five months later, WBI CPs reported significant reductions in their anxiety and increases in their social support compared to control CPs. Intervention dose was also associated with improved WBI CP outcomes. Partners Connect appears to fill a need for families who face help-seeking barriers and provides an alternative to traditional care for those who may not otherwise seek help.
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