The interaction of X2 (X = F, Cl, and Br) with active sites of graphite

Graphene-assisted biosensing based on terahertz nanoslot antennas

We report on improvement of sensitivity for molecular detection utilizing terahertz time domain spectroscopy. Based on confining and enhancing electromagnetic field with metallic nanoslot antennas, we additionally employ monolayer graphene sheet whose edge and hydrophobic surface nature lead to increase detecting performance. Terahertz transmittance in monolayer graphene/metallic nanoslot structure exhibits more unambiguous change after lactose molecules are attached, compared to that in metallic nanoslot structure without monolayer graphene. We attribute the prominent change to that more lactose molecules are guided inside/near the metal gap region due to edge and hydrophobic surface nature of monolayer graphene. This monolayer graphene/metallic nanoslot structure can be expanded in other organic or bio-molecular detection.

The Cycloadditions of Various Substituted Carbenes, Silylenes, and Germylenes onto the Diamond (100) Surface: A Theoretical Exploration

The cycloadditions of 21 singlet substituted carbenes, silylenes, and germylenes onto the diamond (100) surface have been theoretically studied by means of density functional theory coupled with effective cluster models. The calculated reaction energies and reaction pathways have disclosed that the substituents play an important effect on the reaction profiles for the additions of carbenes, silylenes, and germylenes onto the diamond (100) surface. Our theoretical investigations illustrate that, irrespective of carbenes, silylenes, and germylenes, the cycloadditions of those with electropositive substituents (such as H and CH(3)) onto diamond (100) are much more favorable than those with electronegative and pi-donating substituents (such as F and NH(2)) both thermodynamically and kinetically. In broad perspective, we believe that a similar reactivity trend can also be extended to that of Si (100), Ge (100), fullerene, single-walled carbon nanotube, disilenes, digermenes, silenes, and germenes because all of these materials feature an analogous bonding motif.