Comparative differential cytotoxicity of clinically used SERMs in human cancer lines of different origin and its predictive molecular docking studies of key target genes involved in cancer progression and treatment responses

Oxazolo[5,4-d]pyrimidines as Anticancer Agents: A Comprehensive Review of the Literature Focusing on SAR Analysis

Oxazolo[5,4-d]pyrimidines have been found to exhibit a wide range of biological activities, including the inhibition of various enzymes and signaling pathways associated with carcinogenesis. The objective of this review is to demonstrate that the oxazolo[5,4-d]pyrimidine scaffold represents a valuable structure for the design of novel anticancer therapies. The article provides a comprehensive overview of the chemical structure and pharmacological properties of oxazolo[5,4-d]pyrimidine derivatives, drawing upon the literature and international patents from 1974 until the present. Notably, the review explores structure-activity relationships (SAR) with a view to enhancing the therapeutic efficacy of oxazolo[5,4-d]pyrimidines.

Design, synthesis and evaluation of the anti-breast cancer activity of 1,3-oxazolo[4,5-d]pyrimidine and 1,3-oxazolo[5,4-d]pyrimidine derivatives

A series of 1,3-oxazolo[4,5-d]pyrimidine and 1,3-oxazolo[5,4-d]pyrimidine derivatives were synthesized and functionalized in this study. The obtained compounds were tested against breast cancer cell lines of the NCI subpanel, followed by further analysis using the COMPARE algorithm from the Therapeutics Development Program, NCI. All synthesized derivatives displayed activity against most cell lines in the range of micromolar concentrations in terms of all parameters studied. Oxazolopyrimidine 5 exhibited the highest antitumor activity. A standard COMPARE analysis of the compounds showed that the vectors of the cytotoxic activity of derivatives 10 and 11 displayed a close to very high correlation with tamoxifen, and oxazolopyrimidine 13 displayed a very high correlation with the same drug. Five derivatives (2, 4, 6, 11 and 13) showed a high correlation with aclacinomycin A in the TGI vector. At the same time, compound 1 effectively suppressed ADK in cultured MDA-MB 231 cell lines, indicating that ADK is one of its targets through which it exerts anticancer properties. Based on molecular docking results, the possible binding mode of oxazolopyrimidine 1 to ADK has been suggested.