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Basso M, Zorzan I, Johnstone N, Barberis M, Cohen Kadosh K. Diet quality and anxiety: a critical overview with focus on the gut microbiome. Front Nutr 2024; 11:1346483. [PMID: 38812941 PMCID: PMC11133642 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1346483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Anxiety disorders disproportionally affect females and are frequently comorbid with eating disorders. With the emerging field of nutritional psychiatry, focus has been put on the impact of diet quality in anxiety pathophysiology and gut microbiome underlying mechanisms. While the relationship between diet and anxiety is bidirectional, improving dietary habits could better facilitate the actions of pharmacological and psychological therapies, or prevent their use. A better understanding of how gut bacteria mediate and moderate such relationship could further contribute to develop personalized programs and inform probiotics and prebiotics manufacturing. To date, studies that look simultaneously at diet, the gut microbiome, and anxiety are missing as only pairwise relationships among them have been investigated. Therefore, this study aims at summarizing and integrating the existing knowledge on the dietary effects on anxiety with focus on gut microbiome. Findings on the effects of diet on anxiety are critically summarized and reinterpreted in relation to findings on (i) the effects of diet on the gut microbiome composition, and (ii) the associations between the abundance of certain gut bacteria and anxiety. This novel interpretation suggests a theoretical model where the relationship between diet and anxiety is mediated and/or modulated by the gut microbiome through multiple mechanisms. In parallel, this study critically evaluates methodologies employed in the nutritional field to investigate the effects of diet on anxiety highlighting a lack of systematic operationalization and assessment strategies. Therefore, it ultimately proposes a novel evidence-based approach that can enhance studies validity, reliability, systematicity, and translation to clinical and community settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa Basso
- School of Psychology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, United Kingdom
| | - Irene Zorzan
- Molecular Systems Biology, School of Biosciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, United Kingdom
- Centre for Mathematical and Computational Biology, CMCB, University of Surrey, Guildford, United Kingdom
| | - Nicola Johnstone
- School of Psychology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, United Kingdom
| | - Matteo Barberis
- Molecular Systems Biology, School of Biosciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, United Kingdom
- Centre for Mathematical and Computational Biology, CMCB, University of Surrey, Guildford, United Kingdom
- Synthetic Systems Biology and Nuclear Organization, Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Kathrin Cohen Kadosh
- School of Psychology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, United Kingdom
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Marche C, Baourakis G, Fakotakis E, Nieddu A, Errigo A, Pes GM. The impact of nutrition on psycho-affective status in an older Cretan population: a cross-sectional study. Eur J Nutr 2024:10.1007/s00394-024-03395-x. [PMID: 38744756 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-024-03395-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cognitive and mood status influence both personal and social daily activities, with great impact on life quality, particularly among the elderly population. AIM This cross-sectional study aimed to investigate the psycho-affective status concerning eating habits within an elderly population of the Chania area in Crete, Greece. METHODS Cognitive status was assessed in 101 elderly subjects through the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), and mood was evaluated using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). Nutritional status was assessed using a validated food frequency questionnaire. RESULTS Multivariable statistical analysis, after adjustment for age, marital status, education, and comorbidity, highlighted among males a positive association of the MMSE score with vegetable consumption (RR 1.18; 95%CI 1.03‒1.34) and a negative association with potato consumption (RR 0.83; 95%CI 0.72‒0.95). Conversely, among females, no statistically significant association was observed for any food. Further, among males, a protective effect on affective status was identified for chicken meat (RR 0.45; 95%CI 0.27‒0.77), fish (RR 0.41; 95%CI 0.21‒0.82), fruit (RR 0.70; 95%CI 0.52‒0.94), cereals (RR 0.67; 95%CI 0.53‒0.87), and cheese (RR 0.78; 95%CI 0.63‒0.97) consumption. Among females, the adjusted model showed a significant detrimental effect of vegetable consumption (RR 1.33; 95%CI 1.02‒1.73). CONCLUSION A predominantly vegetable-based diet-with the notable exception of fruits and legumes-was associated with better cognitive status in males, albeit not in females. A higher intake of fruit, as well as fish, chicken meat, and cheese among males was associated with a better affective status, indicating that adequate protein supply may play a role in maintaining emotional balance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Marche
- Department of Biomedical Science, University of Sassari, Viale San Pietro No. 43B, 07100, Sassari, Italy.
| | - George Baourakis
- CIHEAM-Mediterranean Agronomic Institute of Chania, P.O. Box 85, 73100, Chania, Crete, Greece
| | - Eleftherios Fakotakis
- CIHEAM-Mediterranean Agronomic Institute of Chania, P.O. Box 85, 73100, Chania, Crete, Greece
| | - Alessandra Nieddu
- Department of Biomedical Science, University of Sassari, Viale San Pietro No. 43B, 07100, Sassari, Italy
| | - Alessandra Errigo
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Pharmacy, Viale San Pietro 8, 07100, Sassari, Italy
| | - Giovanni Mario Pes
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Pharmacy, Viale San Pietro 8, 07100, Sassari, Italy
- Sardinia Blue Zone Longevity Observatory, 08040, Ogliastra, Italy
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Zhang R, Kallas Z, Conner TS, Loeffen MPF, Lee M, Day L, Farouk MM, Realini CE. Factors influencing the willingness to pay a price premium for red meat with potential to improve consumer wellness in Australia and the United States of America. Meat Sci 2024; 213:109495. [PMID: 38513600 DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2024.109495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
This study determined consumers' attitudes towards physical and mental wellness related to red meat consumption and their willingness to pay (WTP) more for the meat. In 2019, two online surveys of red meat eaters were conducted in the USA (n = 1000) and Australia (n = 523) using commercial platforms. Results showed that over 90% of respondents indicated interest in purchasing red meat to improve their wellness status. Additionally, about 85% indicated their WTP more for red meat for its wellness benefits, with Americans indicating stronger willingness than Australian respondents. The potential of meat consumption to improve overall wellness among red meat eaters was a dominant factor influencing consumers' WTP more. Other factors that increased WTP included frequency of meat consumption, physical exercise, sleep quality, number of children in a household, partnership status, and economic position. Outcomes from this study highlight a unique opportunity for the meat industry to position meat on its qualities that include wellness improvement if backed up with robust scientific evidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Zhang
- AgResearch Limited, Te Ohu Rangahau Kai, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Z Kallas
- Centre for Agro-food Economy & Development, Polytechnic University of Catalonia, 08860 Castelldefels, Spain; DEAB (Department of Agrifood Engineering and Biotechnology-Universitat Polit'ecnica de Catalunya), Castelldefels, Spain
| | - T S Conner
- Department of Psychology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | | | - M Lee
- Meat & Livestock Australia Donor Company, North Sydney, NSW 2060, Australia
| | - L Day
- AgResearch Limited, Te Ohu Rangahau Kai, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - M M Farouk
- AgResearch Limited, Te Ohu Rangahau Kai, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - C E Realini
- AgResearch Limited, Te Ohu Rangahau Kai, Palmerston North, New Zealand.
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Zhang H, Li M, Mo L, Luo J, Shen Q, Quan W. Association between Western Dietary Patterns, Typical Food Groups, and Behavioral Health Disorders: An Updated Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies. Nutrients 2023; 16:125. [PMID: 38201955 PMCID: PMC10780533 DOI: 10.3390/nu16010125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Western dietary patterns (WDP) and typical food groups may play a major role in the risk of behavioral health disorders. Nevertheless, the relationships between WDP, common food categories, and mental health disorders lack consistency and remain incompletely understood in relation to potential mechanisms. Therefore, the objective of the present study was conducted to synthesize available evidence linking WDP and typical food groups to these outcomes. Web of Science, PubMed, EMBASE, and MEDLINE were searched up to August 2023. Random effect meta-analyses were performed to obtain pooled odds ratio and the relative risk for the prevalence of outcomes and the incidence of outcomes, respectively. A total of 54 articles were included. WDP was associated with increased risk of both depression (1.19; 95% CI: 1.06-1.32) and depressive symptoms (1.20; 95% CI: 1.08-1.34). Except for high-fat dairy products, food groups are associated with an increased risk of anxiety, depression, and depressive symptoms. This review presents evidence to further understand the relationship between WDP, typical food groups, and the incidence of behavioral health disorders, and more randomized controlled trials and cohort studies are urgently required to confirm these findings and elucidate potential mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huang Zhang
- School of Food Science and Bioengineering, Henan University of Animal Husbandry and Economy, No. 6, Longzihu North Road, Zhengzhou 450046, China;
| | - Maiquan Li
- College of Food Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; (M.L.); (L.M.); (J.L.)
| | - Lan Mo
- College of Food Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; (M.L.); (L.M.); (J.L.)
| | - Jie Luo
- College of Food Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; (M.L.); (L.M.); (J.L.)
| | - Qingwu Shen
- College of Food Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; (M.L.); (L.M.); (J.L.)
| | - Wei Quan
- School of Food Science and Bioengineering, Henan University of Animal Husbandry and Economy, No. 6, Longzihu North Road, Zhengzhou 450046, China;
- College of Food Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; (M.L.); (L.M.); (J.L.)
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Alharbi MH, Alharbi NHJ, Brnawi IA, Atiq EH. Implication of red meat consumption habits in serum uric acid levels and mood disorders among first-trimester pregnant women. BMC Nutr 2023; 9:111. [PMID: 37773191 PMCID: PMC10541696 DOI: 10.1186/s40795-023-00769-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dietary pattern involving meat consumption has an association with serum uric acid level which subsequently has an impact on moods. However, this relationship is not clearly established in pregnant women, particularly those who are accustomed to daily meat consumption. OBJECTIVE This study investigated the relationship between red meat consumption and uric acid level and the subsequent impact on mood disorders in 1st trimester pregnant women. METHODOLOGY A total of 92 pregnant women in their first trimester (8-12 weeks), were selected for this study. Socio-demographic characteristics including age, body mass index (BMI), educational qualification, sleep hours, blood pressure and exercise status were recorded. To assess meat consumption, classification based on the recruited population consumption was divided into low and high meat consumption groups. Serum uric acid level was estimated in plasma. Mood disorder, namely, depression and anxiety were assessed using a self-reported Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) questionnaire. Collected data was analysed using different statistical tools. RESULTS Logistic regression analysis showed higher odds of depression (OR = 0.059, 95% CI 0.02-0.172, p < 0.001) and anxiety (OR = 0.144, 95% CI 0.055-0.375, p < 0.001) in the high meat consumption group. Further, the potential confounders, high BMI and less exercise increased the odds of depression and anxiety in high meat consumption groups. Linear regression analysis revealed a significant influence of meat consumption on uric acid level (F (1, 90) = 305.385, p < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS The study recommends regular clinical screening of mood disorders, and recommends reasonable consumption of lean meat and/or replacing some portions with fish, as well as, a commitment to eating a healthy, balanced diet. It also suggests extensive studies because it could be linked to postpartum mood disorders among those who consume red meat every day.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mudi H Alharbi
- Clinical Nutrition Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taibah University, Madinah, 42353, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Nora H J Alharbi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, University of Ha'il, Ha'il, 81442, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ibtihal A Brnawi
- Clinical Nutrition Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taibah University, Madinah, 42353, Saudi Arabia
| | - Elham H Atiq
- Clinical Nutrition Department, Psychiatric Specialist Hospital, King Salman Medical City, Madinah, Saudi Arabia
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Jing H, Teng Y, Chacha S, Wang Z, Shi G, Mi B, Zhang B, Cai J, Liu Y, Li Q, Shen Y, Yang J, Kang Y, Li S, Liu D, Wang D, Yan H, Dang S. Is Increasing Diet Diversity of Animal-Source Foods Related to Better Health-Related Quality of Life among Chinese Men and Women? Nutrients 2023; 15:4183. [PMID: 37836467 PMCID: PMC10574670 DOI: 10.3390/nu15194183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Diet plays a crucial role in regulating individuals' lifestyles and is closely related to health. The intake of animal-sourced foods (ASF) provides the human body with high-quality protein and various micronutrients. This study aimed to investigate whether the diversity of animal foods has a positive impact on the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) among residents. The data came from the Shaanxi baseline survey of the Northwest Chinese Regional Ethnic Cohort Study, which recruited more than 100 thousand participants aged 35 to 74 from five provinces between June 2018 and May 2019. A total of 39,997 participants in Shaanxi (mean age: 50 years; 64% women) were finally included in this current study. The animal source food diet diversity score (ASFDDS) was established based on the frequency of consuming pork, mutton, beef, poultry, seafood, eggs, pure milk, and yogurt. The physical component score (PCS) and mental component score (MCS), ranging from 0 to 100 on the 12-Item Short Form Survey (SF-12), were used to assess participants' HRQoL. Better PCS/MCS was defined as scores higher than the 90th percentile. The results showed that men had a higher intake of ASF and ASFDDS than women. After adjusting for potential confounders, compared with those who never or rarely consumed animal foods, the likelihood of having better PCS and MCS increased by 16% (OR = 1.16, 95%CI: 1.01-1.34) and 24% (OR = 1.24, 95%CI: 1.03-1.448), respectively, in men with an ASFDDS ≥ 2. In women, a 34% increase (OR = l.34, 95%CI: 116-l.54) likelihood for better PCS was observed for an ASFDDS ≥ 2, but no association was observed for MCS. Increasing each specific animal source's food intake was associated with better PCS after adjusting for all covariates. However, for MCS, positive associations were only observed in seafood consumption among men and eggs among women. Restricted cubic splines showed a substantial dose-response association between intake frequency of animal-source foods and PCS, both in men and women. The study suggests that a diverse intake of animal-sourced foods can potentially improve the HRQoL of Chinese adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Jing
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an 710061, China; (H.J.); (Y.T.); (S.C.); (Z.W.); (G.S.); (B.M.); (B.Z.); (J.C.); (Y.L.); (Q.L.); (Y.S.); (J.Y.); (Y.K.); (S.L.); (D.L.)
| | - Yuxin Teng
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an 710061, China; (H.J.); (Y.T.); (S.C.); (Z.W.); (G.S.); (B.M.); (B.Z.); (J.C.); (Y.L.); (Q.L.); (Y.S.); (J.Y.); (Y.K.); (S.L.); (D.L.)
| | - Samuel Chacha
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an 710061, China; (H.J.); (Y.T.); (S.C.); (Z.W.); (G.S.); (B.M.); (B.Z.); (J.C.); (Y.L.); (Q.L.); (Y.S.); (J.Y.); (Y.K.); (S.L.); (D.L.)
| | - Ziping Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an 710061, China; (H.J.); (Y.T.); (S.C.); (Z.W.); (G.S.); (B.M.); (B.Z.); (J.C.); (Y.L.); (Q.L.); (Y.S.); (J.Y.); (Y.K.); (S.L.); (D.L.)
| | - Guoshuai Shi
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an 710061, China; (H.J.); (Y.T.); (S.C.); (Z.W.); (G.S.); (B.M.); (B.Z.); (J.C.); (Y.L.); (Q.L.); (Y.S.); (J.Y.); (Y.K.); (S.L.); (D.L.)
| | - Baibing Mi
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an 710061, China; (H.J.); (Y.T.); (S.C.); (Z.W.); (G.S.); (B.M.); (B.Z.); (J.C.); (Y.L.); (Q.L.); (Y.S.); (J.Y.); (Y.K.); (S.L.); (D.L.)
| | - Binyan Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an 710061, China; (H.J.); (Y.T.); (S.C.); (Z.W.); (G.S.); (B.M.); (B.Z.); (J.C.); (Y.L.); (Q.L.); (Y.S.); (J.Y.); (Y.K.); (S.L.); (D.L.)
| | - Jiaxin Cai
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an 710061, China; (H.J.); (Y.T.); (S.C.); (Z.W.); (G.S.); (B.M.); (B.Z.); (J.C.); (Y.L.); (Q.L.); (Y.S.); (J.Y.); (Y.K.); (S.L.); (D.L.)
| | - Yezhou Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an 710061, China; (H.J.); (Y.T.); (S.C.); (Z.W.); (G.S.); (B.M.); (B.Z.); (J.C.); (Y.L.); (Q.L.); (Y.S.); (J.Y.); (Y.K.); (S.L.); (D.L.)
| | - Qiang Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an 710061, China; (H.J.); (Y.T.); (S.C.); (Z.W.); (G.S.); (B.M.); (B.Z.); (J.C.); (Y.L.); (Q.L.); (Y.S.); (J.Y.); (Y.K.); (S.L.); (D.L.)
| | - Yuan Shen
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an 710061, China; (H.J.); (Y.T.); (S.C.); (Z.W.); (G.S.); (B.M.); (B.Z.); (J.C.); (Y.L.); (Q.L.); (Y.S.); (J.Y.); (Y.K.); (S.L.); (D.L.)
| | - Jiaomei Yang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an 710061, China; (H.J.); (Y.T.); (S.C.); (Z.W.); (G.S.); (B.M.); (B.Z.); (J.C.); (Y.L.); (Q.L.); (Y.S.); (J.Y.); (Y.K.); (S.L.); (D.L.)
| | - Yijun Kang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an 710061, China; (H.J.); (Y.T.); (S.C.); (Z.W.); (G.S.); (B.M.); (B.Z.); (J.C.); (Y.L.); (Q.L.); (Y.S.); (J.Y.); (Y.K.); (S.L.); (D.L.)
| | - Shanshan Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an 710061, China; (H.J.); (Y.T.); (S.C.); (Z.W.); (G.S.); (B.M.); (B.Z.); (J.C.); (Y.L.); (Q.L.); (Y.S.); (J.Y.); (Y.K.); (S.L.); (D.L.)
| | - Danmeng Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an 710061, China; (H.J.); (Y.T.); (S.C.); (Z.W.); (G.S.); (B.M.); (B.Z.); (J.C.); (Y.L.); (Q.L.); (Y.S.); (J.Y.); (Y.K.); (S.L.); (D.L.)
| | - Duolao Wang
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool L7 8XZ, UK;
| | - Hong Yan
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an 710061, China; (H.J.); (Y.T.); (S.C.); (Z.W.); (G.S.); (B.M.); (B.Z.); (J.C.); (Y.L.); (Q.L.); (Y.S.); (J.Y.); (Y.K.); (S.L.); (D.L.)
| | - Shaonong Dang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an 710061, China; (H.J.); (Y.T.); (S.C.); (Z.W.); (G.S.); (B.M.); (B.Z.); (J.C.); (Y.L.); (Q.L.); (Y.S.); (J.Y.); (Y.K.); (S.L.); (D.L.)
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Yao Y, Qi X, Jia Y, Ye J, Chu X, Wen Y, Cheng B, Cheng S, Liu L, Liang C, Wu C, Wang X, Ning Y, Wang S, Zhang F. Evaluating the interactive effects of dietary habits and human gut microbiome on the risks of depression and anxiety. Psychol Med 2023; 53:3047-3055. [PMID: 35074039 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291721005092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gut microbiome and dietary patterns have been suggested to be associated with depression/anxiety. However, limited effort has been made to explore the effects of possible interactions between diet and microbiome on the risks of depression and anxiety. METHODS Using the latest genome-wide association studies findings in gut microbiome and dietary habits, polygenic risk scores (PRSs) analysis of gut microbiome and dietary habits was conducted in the UK Biobank cohort. Logistic/linear regression models were applied for evaluating the associations for gut microbiome-PRS, dietary habits-PRS, and their interactions with depression/anxiety status and Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9)/Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) score by R software. RESULTS We observed 51 common diet-gut microbiome interactions shared by both PHQ score and depression status, such as overall beef intake × genus Sporobacter [hurdle binary (HB)] (PPHQ = 7.88 × 10-4, Pdepression status = 5.86 × 10-4); carbohydrate × genus Lactococcus (HB) (PPHQ = 0.0295, Pdepression status = 0.0150). We detected 41 common diet-gut microbiome interactions shared by GAD score and anxiety status, such as sugar × genus Parasutterella (rank normal transformed) (PGAD = 5.15 × 10-3, Panxiety status = 0.0347); tablespoons of raw vegetables per day × family Coriobacteriaceae (HB) (PGAD = 6.02 × 10-4, Panxiety status = 0.0345). Some common significant interactions shared by depression and anxiety were identified, such as overall beef intake × genus Sporobacter (HB). CONCLUSIONS Our study results expanded our understanding of how to comprehensively consider the relationships for dietary habits-gut microbiome interactions with depression and anxiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Yao
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, National Health and Family Planning Commission, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xin Qi
- Precision Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, P. R. China
| | - Yumeng Jia
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, National Health and Family Planning Commission, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jing Ye
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, National Health and Family Planning Commission, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xiaomeng Chu
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, National Health and Family Planning Commission, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yan Wen
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, National Health and Family Planning Commission, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Bolun Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, National Health and Family Planning Commission, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Shiqiang Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, National Health and Family Planning Commission, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Li Liu
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, National Health and Family Planning Commission, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Chujun Liang
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, National Health and Family Planning Commission, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Cuiyan Wu
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, National Health and Family Planning Commission, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, National Health and Family Planning Commission, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yujie Ning
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, National Health and Family Planning Commission, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Sen Wang
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, National Health and Family Planning Commission, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Feng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, National Health and Family Planning Commission, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
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Burton TC, Lv N, Tsai P, Peñalver Bernabé B, Tussing-Humphreys L, Xiao L, Pandey GN, Wu Y, Ajilore OA, Ma J. Associations between fecal short-chain fatty acids, plasma inflammatory cytokines, and dietary markers with depression and anxiety: Post hoc analysis of the ENGAGE-2 pilot trial. Am J Clin Nutr 2023; 117:717-730. [PMID: 36796440 PMCID: PMC10273083 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajcnut.2023.01.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Revised: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The microbiome-gut-brain-axis (MGBA) is emerging as an important mechanistic link between diet and mental health. The role of significant modifiers of the MGBA, including gut microbial metabolites and systemic inflammation, in individuals comorbid with obesity and mental disorders, is under-investigated. OBJECTIVES This exploratory analysis examined associations among microbial metabolites-fecal SCFAs, plasma inflammatory cytokines, and diet with depression and anxiety scores in adults comorbid with obesity and depression. METHODS Stool and blood were obtained from a subsample (n = 34) of participants enrolled in an integrated behavioral intervention for weight loss and depression. Pearson partial correlation and multivariate analyses determined associations among changes in fecal SCFAs (propionic, butyric, acetic, and isovaleric acids), plasma cytokines [C-reactive protein, interleukin 1 beta, interleukin 1 receptor antagonist (IL-1RA), interleukin 6, and TNF-α], and 35 dietary markers over 2 mo, and changes in SCL-20 (Depression Symptom Checklist 20-item) and GAD-7 (Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-Item) scores over 6 mo. RESULTS Changes in the SCFAs and TNF-α at 2 mo were positively associated (standardized coefficients: 0.06-0.40; 0.03-0.34) with changes in depression and anxiety scores at 6 mo, whereas changes in IL-1RA at 2 mo were inversely associated (standardized coefficients: -0.24; -0.05). After 2 mo, changes in 12 dietary markers, including animal protein, were associated with changes in SCFAs, TNF-α, or IL-1RA at 2 mo (standardized coefficients: -0.27 to 0.20). Changes in 11 dietary markers, including animal protein, at 2 mo were associated with changes in depression or anxiety symptom scores at 6 mo (standardized coefficients: -0.24 to 0.20; -0.16 to 0.15). CONCLUSIONS Gut microbial metabolites and systemic inflammation may be biomarkers of importance within the MGBA, linking dietary markers, such as animal protein intake, to depression and anxiety for individuals with comorbid obesity. These findings are exploratory and warrant replication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tristesse Cj Burton
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Nan Lv
- Department of Medicine, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Perry Tsai
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Beatriz Peñalver Bernabé
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Lisa Tussing-Humphreys
- Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Lan Xiao
- Department of Epidemiology and Health, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Ghanshyam N Pandey
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Yichao Wu
- Department of Mathematics, Statistics, and Computer Science, University of Illinois Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Olusola A Ajilore
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Jun Ma
- Department of Medicine, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States.
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Almoraie NM, Shatwan IM, Althaiban MA, Hanbazaza MA, Wazzan HA, Aljefree NM. Associations between dietary intake, physical activity, and obesity among public school teachers in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1081928. [PMID: 36761223 PMCID: PMC9902718 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1081928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective We aimed to assess the dietary intake of certain food groups in a representative sample of public-school teachers living in Jeddah city. We also, examined the association of dietary intake with physical activity and obesity among schoolteachers. Methods The study was a cross-sectional online survey, conducted among 640 (177 male, 463 female) schoolteachers aged between 20 and 62 years old and working in public primary, intermediate, and high schools in Jeddah. Measurements included gender, weight, height, body mass index (BMI), health problems, and lifestyle behaviours, including physical activity levels, smoking status, and dietary intake. Results Based on gender, number of non-smoking women (94%) was higher than number of non-smoking men (57.1%) (P < 0.001). However, men were more active than women (P = 0.03). Regarding BMI, there were more overweight men than women, while obese women numbered more than men (P = 0.003). There was no significant difference in dietary intake between men and women except that men consumed more soft drinks than women (P = 0.002). Lower physically active schoolteachers were less likely to consume salad (OR = 0.6, 95% CI 0.4-0.9; P = 0.02), vegetables (OR = 0.6, 95% CI 0.3-0.9; P = 0.01), beans and legumes (OR = 0.4, 95% CI 0.2-0.7; P = 0.005), wholegrain bread (OR = 0.6, 95% CI 0.4-0.9; P = 0.03), dairy products (OR = 0.6, 95% CI 0.4-0.9; P = 0.01), snacks (OR = 0.5, 95% CI 0.2-0.8; P = 0.01), and fish (OR = 0.4, 95% CI 0.2-0.9; P = 0.04) compared to those with high levels of physical activity. Only fruit intake was considered statistically significant (OR = 0.4, 95% CI 0.3-0.7; P = 0.003). The study found a relationship between the BMI of schoolteachers and food intake. Obese schoolteachers had lower consumption of fruits (OR = 0.3, 95% CI 0.2-0.7; P = 0.007) and white meat (OR = 0.5, 95%CI 0.3-0.9; P = 0.03) than schoolteachers in the normal weight group. Conclusion The high prevalence of physical activity, dietary intake and body weight among Saudi teachers is a major public health concern. The present study identified several lifestyle factors associated with body weight that may represent valid targets for the prevention and management of obesity among Saudi school teachers. Promoting active lifestyles and healthy diets would be primary targets for obesity prevention.
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10
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Jin Q, Liang Y, Miao J, Xiong Y, Liu Z, Xue H, Li Z. Association between food intake and mental health problems among preschoolers in China. Front Public Health 2022; 10:1003416. [PMID: 36339145 PMCID: PMC9627167 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.1003416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Our knowledge of associations between specific types of food and mental health problems in preschool children, an important developmental period, remains scarce. Using a large sample size and a brief measure, we aimed to examine associations between food groups and mental health problems in preschoolers. Methods A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 19,548 preschoolers in nine counties in China using a two-stage cluster sampling method. Information on food frequencies, physical activity, sedentary behavior, and sleep conditions was collected by a parent-reported questionnaire. Mental health status was assessed by a parent-reported Strength and Difficulty Questionnaire (SDQ). Height and weight were measured, and BMI was calculated. Relationships between specific types of food groups and mental health status were examined using multivariable regression modeling. Results Of the present study sample, 47.45% of children were girls. Boys had higher scores relating to total difficulties, conduct problems, hyperactivity, and peer problems than girls but lower scores in emotional symptoms and prosocial behavior. Children with more types of food categories tended to get lower SDQ total scores even after adjusting for confounding variables (p < 0.0001). The subscale scores of SDQ varied depending on the types and numbers of food consumed. Notably, boys' mental health problems were more likely to be associated with their consumed food type. Processed meat frequency intake among boys and girls was positively related to prosocial behavior (Girls: pickled food: p = 0.003, fried food: p < 0.0001, barbecued food: p = 0.006, smoked food: p = 0.005; Boys: pickled food: p = 0.3, fried food: p < 0.0001, barbecued food: p = 0.006, smoked food: p = 0.005) and negatively associated with the SDQ total and the other subscale scores (Girls: pickled food: p ≤ 0.02, fried food: p ≤ 0.005 except for emotions (p = 0.1), barbecued food: p ≤ 0.047, smoked food: p ≤ 0.04 (except for emotions (p = 0.06) and conduct behaviors (p = 0.2)); Boys: pickled food: p < 0.01 except for hyperactivity (p = 0.5), fried food: p ≤ 0.005 except for emotions (p = 0.1), barbecued food: p ≤ 0.007 except for hyperactivity (p = 0.8), smoked food: p ≤ 0.001 except for hyperactivity (p = 0.1) and peer problem (p = 0.08)). Adequate intake frequency of confectionery (2-4 times/week) was beneficial to their emotions, conduct, and total difficulties and was also beneficial for peer and prosocial behavior for boys (Girls: emotions: p = 0.02, conduct: p = 0.02, hyperactivity: p = 0.4, peer: p = 0.06, total difficulties: p = 0.01, prosocial behavior: p = 0.1; Boys: emotions: p = 0.009, conduct: p = 0.0009, hyperactivity: p = 0.7, peer: p = 0.02: total difficulties: p = 0.003, prosocial behavior: p = 0.0002). Conclusion Diverse food categories and adequate frequency of confectionery were found to be beneficial for children's mental health, with the exception of processed meat. These findings provide novel information and supportive data for children's dietary guidelines and the improvement of mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiyun Jin
- Department of Child Healthcare, Zunyi Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Zunyi, China
| | - Yi Liang
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Junjie Miao
- School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yi Xiong
- Department of Child Healthcare, Zunyi Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Zunyi, China
| | - Zhijun Liu
- Department of Applied Psychology, School of Management, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Hongmei Xue
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China,Hebei Province Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Health, Shijiazhuang, China,College of Public Health, Hebei University, Baoding, China,Hongmei Xue
| | - Zengning Li
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China,Hebei Province Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Health, Shijiazhuang, China,*Correspondence: Zengning Li
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Shams-Rad S, Bidaki R, Nadjarzadeh A, Salehi-Abargouei A, de Courten B, Mirzaei M. The association between major dietary patterns and severe mental disorders symptoms among a large sample of adults living in central Iran: Baseline data of YaHS-TAMYZ cohort study. BMC Public Health 2022; 22:1121. [PMID: 35659205 PMCID: PMC9167504 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-022-13518-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The diet’s role in developing psychological disorders has been considered by researchers in recent years. Objective To examine the association between major dietary patterns and severe mental disorders symptoms in a large sample of adults living in Yazd city, central Iran. Methods This cross-sectional study used the baseline data of a population-based cohort study (Yazd Health study: YaHS). Dietary intakes were assessed by a multiple-choice semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ, Yazd nutrition survey called TAMYZ). Psychological assessments were also done by using the depression, anxiety, and stress scale-21 (DASS-21) questionnaire. Major dietary patterns were identified using principal component analysis (PCA). Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) and logistic regression analyses were used to evaluate the relationship between dietary patterns and mental disorders symptoms. Results A total of 7574 adults were included in the current analysis. Four major dietary patterns were identified: "Sugar and Fats”, “Processed Meats and Fish”, "Fruits" and “Vegetables and Red Meat”. After adjustment for all confounding variables, participants in the fifth quintile of “Fruits” dietary pattern which was highly correlated with dried fruits, canned fruits, fruit juice, olive, hydrogenated fats and fruits intake, had a lower odds of severe depression (OR=0.61, 95% CI: 0.45–0.81, p for trend=0.057), anxiety (OR=0.64, 95% CI: 0.50–0.80, p for trend=0.007), and stress, (OR=0.45, 95% CI: 0.30–0.68, p for trend=0.081). Conclusions The intake of a dietary pattern high in dried fruits, canned fruits, fruit juice, olive, hydrogenated fats, and fruits might be inversely associated with depression, anxiety, and stress symptoms. Future prospective studies are needed to warrant this finding. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12889-022-13518-w.
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12
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Flor-Alemany M, Baena-García L, Migueles JH, Henriksson P, Löf M, Aparicio VA. Associations of Mediterranean diet with psychological ill-being and well-being throughout the pregnancy course: The GESTAFIT project. Qual Life Res 2022; 31:2705-2716. [PMID: 35297499 PMCID: PMC9356938 DOI: 10.1007/s11136-022-03121-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Purpose The relation between diet and maternal mental health during pregnancy might be relevant to prevent adverse materno-foetal outcomes. This study examined the association of Mediterranean diet (MD) adherence and MD components with mental health during pregnancy. Methods This secondary analysis of the GESTAFIT trial included longitudinal data from 152 pregnant women. Dietary habits were assessed with a food frequency questionnaire, and MD adherence was derived from it using the Mediterranean Food pattern. Psychological ill-being (i.e., negative affect, anxiety, and depression) and well-being (i.e., emotional intelligence, resilience, positive affect) were assessed with the Spanish version of well-established self-reported questionnaires. Cross-sectional (16th gestational week [g.w.]) and longitudinal associations (34th g.w.) between MD and mental health were studied using linear regression models. Results A greater MD adherence was inversely associated with negative affect and anxiety; and positively associated with emotional regulation, resilience and positive affect at the 16th and 34th g.w. (|β| ranging from 0.179 to 0.325, all p < 0.05). Additionally, a higher intake of whole grain cereals, fruits, vegetables, fish, olive oil and nuts, and a lower intake of red meat and subproducts and sweets were associated with lower negative affect, anxiety, depression and higher emotional regulation, resilience and positive affect throughout gestation (|β| ranging from 0.168 to 0.415, all p < 0.05). Conclusion A higher intake of whole grain cereals, fruits, vegetables, fish, olive oil and nuts, together with a lower intake of red meat and sweets, resulted in a higher MD adherence, which was associated with a better mental health during pregnancy. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s11136-022-03121-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Flor-Alemany
- Department of Physiology, School of Pharmacy, University of Granada, Granada, Spain. .,Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology, University of Granada, Granada, Spain. .,Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), Granada, Spain.
| | - Laura Baena-García
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Granada, Ceuta, Spain
| | - Jairo H Migueles
- Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.,PROFITH "Promoting FITness and Health Through Physical Activity" Research Group, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.,Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Pontus Henriksson
- Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Marie Löf
- Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.,Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Virginia A Aparicio
- Department of Physiology, School of Pharmacy, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.,Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.,Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), Granada, Spain
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13
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Dobersek U, Teel K, Altmeyer S, Adkins J, Wy G, Peak J. Meat and mental health: A meta-analysis of meat consumption, depression, and anxiety. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2021:1-18. [PMID: 34612096 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2021.1974336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
In this meta-analysis, we examined the quantitative relation between meat consumption or avoidance, depression, and anxiety. In June 2020, we searched five online databases for primary studies examining differences in depression and anxiety between meat abstainers and meat consumers that offered a clear (dichotomous) distinction between these groups. Twenty studies met the selection criteria representing 171,802 participants with 157,778 meat consumers and 13,259 meat abstainers. We calculated the magnitude of the effect between meat consumers and meat abstainers with bias correction (Hedges's g effect size) where higher and positive scores reflect better outcomes for meat consumers. Meat consumption was associated with lower depression (Hedges's g = 0.216, 95% CI [0.14 to 0.30], p < .001) and lower anxiety (g = 0.17, 95% CI [0.03 to 0.31], p = .02) compared to meat abstention. Compared to vegans, meat consumers experienced both lower depression (g = 0.26, 95% CI [0.01 to 0.51], p = .041) and anxiety (g = 0.15, 95% CI [-0.40 to 0.69], p = .598). Sex did not modify these relations. Study quality explained 58% and 76% of between-studies heterogeneity in depression and anxiety, respectively. The analysis also showed that the more rigorous the study, the more positive and consistent the relation between meat consumption and better mental health. The current body of evidence precludes causal and temporal inferences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Urska Dobersek
- Department of Psychology, University of Southern Indiana, Evansville, Indiana, USA
| | - Kelsey Teel
- Department of Psychology, University of Southern Indiana, Evansville, Indiana, USA
| | - Sydney Altmeyer
- Department of Psychology, University of Southern Indiana, Evansville, Indiana, USA
| | - Joshua Adkins
- Department of Psychology, University of Southern Indiana, Evansville, Indiana, USA
| | - Gabrielle Wy
- Department of Criminology and Criminal Justice, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, USA
| | - Jackson Peak
- Department of Psychology, University of Southern Indiana, Evansville, Indiana, USA
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Kazemi S, Keshteli AH, Saneei P, Afshar H, Esmaillzadeh A, Adibi P. Red and White Meat Intake in Relation to Mental Disorders in Iranian Adults. Front Nutr 2021; 8:710555. [PMID: 34386515 PMCID: PMC8353089 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2021.710555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The association between meat consumption and mental disorders is less investigated in Iranian population. We examined the association between meat consumption and prevalence of symptoms of depression, anxiety, and psychological distress in Iranian adults. Methods: This cross-sectional study included 3,362 participants aged 18-55 years old. A dish-based 106-item semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) was used to assess usual dietary intake of study population. Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and General Health Questionnaire (GHQ), all validated in Iranian population, were applied to collect data on symptoms of anxiety, depression, and psychological distress, respectively. Results: The prevalence of symptoms of depression, anxiety, and psychological distress in the study population was 28.6, 13.6, and 22.6%, respectively. After considering potential confounders, individuals in the top quartile of red meat intake had 43% increased risk of depression symptoms [odds ratio (OR) = 1.43; 95% CI: 1.09-1.89] compared to those in the first quartile. No significant relation was observed between red meat intake and anxiety or psychological distress symptoms. White meat consumption was not associated with mental disorders. Stratified analysis by sex showed that male participants in the highest quartile of red meat intake had 92% greater risk of depression symptoms (95% CI: 1.17-3.15) than those individuals in the lowest category. Red and white meat intake was not associated with mental disorders in women. In overweight or obese individuals, despite lack of any association between red meat intake and mental disorders, high intake of white meat was associated with a lower odds of psychological distress symptoms (OR = 0.64; 95% CI: 0.42-0.99) and a lower risk of depression symptoms (OR = 0.68; 95% CI: 0.45-1.00). In normal-weight participants, those in the highest quartile of red meat intake had greater odds for depression symptoms than those in the lowest quartile (OR = 1.66; 95% CI: 1.14-2.42). Conclusions: We found that red meat consumption was associated with increased risk of depression symptoms, especially in men, and normal-weight participants. In overweight or obese participants, white meat intake was inversely associated with psychological distress symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiva Kazemi
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Food Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Ammar Hassanzadeh Keshteli
- Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.,Isfahan Gastroenterology and Hepatology Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Parvane Saneei
- Food Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.,Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Scienc, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Hamid Afshar
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Ahmad Esmaillzadeh
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Obesity and Eating Habits Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular-Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Peyman Adibi
- Isfahan Gastroenterology and Hepatology Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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