1
|
Tian G, Li Y, Nie L, Liu S, Li W, Cao J, An K, Zhao R. Cervical lymph node metastasis of bladder cancer: a case report and review of literature. Aging Male 2023; 26:2205935. [PMID: 37162757 DOI: 10.1080/13685538.2023.2205935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To report an extremely rare case of bladder cancer patient with cervical lymph nodes, abdominal lymph nodes, and bone metastases at the same time. METHODS AND RESULTS The case was investigated by follow-up and immunohistochemistry was used in the pathological part. RESULT The patient was diagnosed with bladder cancer (high-grade urothelial metastatic epithelial cell carcinoma) by pathology and immunohistochemistry after transurethral resection of bladder tumor (TURBT) and metastatic bladder cancer by pathology and immunohistochemistry after cervical lymph node aspiration due to neck lymph node enlargement 1 year later, and a CT of the chest and abdomen suggested that the patient also had abdominal lymph node and bone metastases.At the 2.5-year regular chemotherapy follow-up, the patient showed that the abdominal lymph node metastasis disappeared, the cervical lymph node fusion shrank, and the bone metastasis still existed. CONCLUSION 1. Regular postoperative review is particularly important; 2.For patients with UCB who undergo TURBT, a effective regular perfusion program should be performed throughout the postoperative period; 3. For patients with postoperative metastatic symptoms of UCB, Complex treatment has a positive effect on patient prognosis; 4.The presence of enlarged head and neck lymph nodes in patients with bladder cancer should also be considered as metastatic of UCB.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guolin Tian
- School of Clinical Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, Yin Chuan, China
| | - Yajie Li
- Department of Urology, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, YinChuan, China
| | - Lihong Nie
- School of Clinical Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, Yin Chuan, China
| | - Shiyu Liu
- School of Clinical Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, Yin Chuan, China
| | - Weihao Li
- School of Clinical Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, Yin Chuan, China
| | - Jiahui Cao
- School of Clinical Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, Yin Chuan, China
| | - Kangjie An
- School of Clinical Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, Yin Chuan, China
| | - Ruining Zhao
- Department of Urology, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, YinChuan, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Whynot EG, Tomko AM, Dupré DJ. Anticancer properties of cannabidiol and Δ 9-tetrahydrocannabinol and synergistic effects with gemcitabine and cisplatin in bladder cancer cell lines. J Cannabis Res 2023; 5:7. [PMID: 36870996 PMCID: PMC9985258 DOI: 10.1186/s42238-023-00174-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION With the legalization of cannabis in multiple jurisdictions throughout the world, a larger proportion of the population consumes cannabis. Several studies have demonstrated anti-tumor effects of components present in cannabis in different models. Unfortunately, little is known about the potential anti-tumoral effects of cannabinoids in bladder cancer and how cannabinoids could potentially synergize with chemotherapeutic agents. Our study aims to identify whether a combination of cannabinoids, like cannabidiol and Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol, with agents commonly used to treat bladder cancer, such as gemcitabine and cisplatin, can produce desirable synergistic effects. We also evaluated if co-treatment with different cannabinoids resulted in synergistic effects. METHODS We generated concentration curves with several drugs, including several cannabinoids, to identify the range at which they could exert anti-tumor effects in bladder cancer cell lines. We tested the cytotoxic effects of gemcitabine (up to 100 nM), cisplatin (up to 100 μM), and cannabinoids (up to 10 μM) in T24 and TCCSUP cells. We also evaluated the activation of the apoptotic cascade and whether cannabinoids have the ability to reduce invasion in T24 cells. RESULTS Cannabidiol, Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol, cannabichromene, and cannabivarin reduce cell viability of bladder cancer cell lines, and their combination with gemcitabine or cisplatin may induce differential responses, from antagonistic to additive and synergistic effects, depending on the concentrations used. Cannabidiol and Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol were also shown to induce apoptosis via caspase-3 cleavage and reduce invasion in a Matrigel assay. Cannabidiol and Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol also display synergistic properties with other cannabinoids like cannabichromene or cannabivarin, although individual cannabinoids may be sufficient to reduce cell viability of bladder cancer cell lines. DISCUSSION Our results indicate that cannabinoids can reduce human bladder transitional cell carcinoma cell viability, and that they can potentially exert synergistic effects when combined with other agents. Our in vitro results will form the basis for future studies in vivo and in clinical trials for the development of new therapies that could be beneficial for the treatment of bladder cancer in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Erin G. Whynot
- grid.55602.340000 0004 1936 8200Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, Dalhousie University, PO BOX 15 000, 5850 College St., Sir Charles Tupper Medical Building, Halifax, NS B3H 4R2 Canada
| | - Andrea M. Tomko
- grid.55602.340000 0004 1936 8200Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, Dalhousie University, PO BOX 15 000, 5850 College St., Sir Charles Tupper Medical Building, Halifax, NS B3H 4R2 Canada
| | - Denis J. Dupré
- grid.55602.340000 0004 1936 8200Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, Dalhousie University, PO BOX 15 000, 5850 College St., Sir Charles Tupper Medical Building, Halifax, NS B3H 4R2 Canada
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Tomko AM, Whynot EG, Dupré DJ. Anti-cancer properties of cannflavin A and potential synergistic effects with gemcitabine, cisplatin, and cannabinoids in bladder cancer. J Cannabis Res 2022; 4:41. [PMID: 35869542 PMCID: PMC9306207 DOI: 10.1186/s42238-022-00151-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 07/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Several studies have shown anti-tumor effects of components present in cannabis in different models. Unfortunately, little is known about the potential anti-tumoral effects of most compounds present in cannabis in bladder cancer and how these compounds could potentially positively or negatively impact the actions of chemotherapeutic agents. Our study aims to evaluate the effects of a compound found in Cannabis sativa that has not been extensively studied to date, cannflavin A, in bladder cancer cell lines. We aimed to identify whether cannflavin A co-treatment with agents commonly used to treat bladder cancer, such as gemcitabine and cisplatin, is able to produce synergistic effects. We also evaluated whether co-treatment of cannflavin A with various cannabinoids could produce synergistic effects. Methods Two transitional cell carcinoma cell lines were used to assess the cytotoxic effects of the flavonoid cannflavin A up to 100 μM. We tested the potential synergistic cytotoxic effects of cannflavin A with gemcitabine (up to 100 nM), cisplatin (up to 100 μM), and cannabinoids (up to 10 μM). We also evaluated the activation of the apoptotic cascade using annexin V and whether cannflavin A has the ability to reduce invasion using a Matrigel assay. Results Cell viability of bladder cancer cell lines was affected in a concentration-dependent fashion in response to cannflavin A, and its combination with gemcitabine or cisplatin induced differential responses—from antagonistic to additive—and synergism was also observed in some instances, depending on the concentrations and drugs used. Cannflavin A also activated apoptosis via caspase 3 cleavage and was able to reduce invasion by 50%. Interestingly, cannflavin A displayed synergistic properties with other cannabinoids like Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol, cannabidiol, cannabichromene, and cannabivarin in the bladder cancer cell lines. Discussion Our results indicate that compounds from Cannabis sativa other than cannabinoids, like the flavonoid cannflavin A, can be cytotoxic to human bladder transitional carcinoma cells and that this compound can exert synergistic effects when combined with other agents. In vivo studies will be needed to confirm the activity of cannflavin A as a potential agent for bladder cancer treatment. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s42238-022-00151-y.
Collapse
|
4
|
Li Y, Cheng X, Yan J, Jiang S. CTHRC1 facilitates bladder cancer cell proliferation and invasion through regulating the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. Arch Med Sci 2022; 18:183-194. [PMID: 35154539 PMCID: PMC8827022 DOI: 10.5114/aoms.2019.85718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2019] [Accepted: 04/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Emerging evidence has illustrated that Collagen triple helix repeat containing 1 (CTHRC1) is crucial for tumorigenesis and development. However, the effects of CTHRC1 on bladder cancer progression remain largely unclear. Here, we aim to investigate the function and mechanism of CTHRC1 in behaviors of bladder cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. MATERIAL AND METHODS Interference assays were applied to determine the biological functions of CTHRC1. The expression of CTHRC1 was examined by quantitative real time-PCR (qRT-PCR), Western blot and immunohistochemical (IHC) analysis. Effects of CTHRC1 on proliferation, migration and invasion were evaluated by CCK-8, colony formation, flow cytometry, EdU staining, wound healing, transwell and western blot assays. Bladder cancer cells transfected with sh-CTHRC1 were injected into nude mice to explore the effect of CTHRC1 on tumorigenesis in vivo. RESULTS CTHRC1 expression was increased in bladder cancer tissues and cell lines compared with normal controls, and associated with advanced clinical stage and lymph node metastasis. Also, patients with high levels of CTHRC1 expression were found to have a poor prognosis. Knockdown of CTHRC1 alleviated bladder cancer cell proliferation, migration and invasion in vitro and impeded tumorigenesis in vivo. Moreover, mechanistic investigation indicated that CTHRC1 could regulate the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. CONCLUSIONS Our data demonstrated that CTHRC1 played an oncogenic role in bladder cancer by modulating the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway, which sheds novel light on diagnosis and treatment of bladder cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yubing Li
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiangdong Cheng
- Department of Abdominal Medical Oncology, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jiasheng Yan
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shaobo Jiang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Huang B, Zhang J, Zhang X, Huang C, Hu G, Li S, Xie T, Liu M, Xu Y. Suppression of LETM1 by siRNA inhibits cell proliferation and invasion of bladder cancer cells. Oncol Rep 2017; 38:2935-2940. [PMID: 29048663 DOI: 10.3892/or.2017.5959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2017] [Accepted: 08/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The leucine zipper-EF-hand containing transmembrane protein 1 (LETM1) is highly expressed in many human malignancies and is correlated with poor prognosis. However, the function of LETM1 in bladder cancer still remains unknown. In the present study, we analyzed the expression levels of LETM1 in bladder cancer tissues and non-cancerous tissues as well as in four bladder cancer cell lines (T24, EJ, 5637 and J82) and a human bladder epithelial immortalized cell line SV-HUC-1. Small interfering RNA (siRNA) was employed to knockdown the expression of LETM1 in the T24 cells. The proliferation of T24 cells was significantly repressed as evaluated by CCK-8 assays. Transwell migration and invasion assays indicated that knockdown of LETM1 suppressed cell migration and invasion significantly. Flow cytometric analysis revealed that cells had accumulated at the S-phase when the expression of LETM1 was suppressed. Moreover, we found that several oncogenic proteins in the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, namely β-catenin, cyclin D1 and c-Myc were significantly decreased by the LETM1 siRNA. Collectively, these results revealed that the knockdown of LETM1 exhibited tumor suppressive effects, possibly by controlling the downstream Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bisheng Huang
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, P.R. China
| | - Jingwei Zhang
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, P.R. China
| | - Xiaolu Zhang
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, P.R. China
| | - Chi Huang
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, P.R. China
| | - Guanghui Hu
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, P.R. China
| | - Saiyang Li
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, P.R. China
| | - Tiancheng Xie
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, P.R. China
| | - Mengnan Liu
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, P.R. China
| | - Yunfei Xu
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Tessmann JW, Buss J, Begnini KR, Berneira LM, Paula FR, de Pereira CMP, Collares T, Seixas FK. Antitumor potential of 1-thiocarbamoyl-3,5-diaryl-4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazoles in human bladder cancer cells. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 94:37-46. [PMID: 28750358 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.07.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2017] [Revised: 07/01/2017] [Accepted: 07/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Bladder cancer is a genitourinary malignant disease common worldwide. Current chemotherapy is often limited mainly due to toxicity and drug resistance. Thus, there is a continued need to discover new therapies. Recently evidences shows that pyrazoline derivatives are promising antitumor agents in many types of cancers, but there are no studies with bladder cancer. In order to find potent and novel chemotherapy drugs for bladder cancer, a series of pyrazoline derivatives 2a-2d were tested for their antitumor activity in two human bladder cancer cell lines 5647 and T24. The MTT assay showed that the compounds 1-thiocarbamoyl-3,5-diphenyl-4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazole (2a) and 1-thiocarbamoyl-5-(4-chlorophenyl)-3-phenyl-4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazole (2c) decrease the cell viability of 5637 cells. Molecular modeling indicated that these compounds had a good oral bioavailability and low toxicities. Clonogenic assay and flow cytometric analysis were used to assess colony formation, apoptosis induction and cell cycle distribution. Overall, our results suggest that pyrazoline 2a and 2c, with the substituents hydrogen and chlorine respectively, may decrease cell viability and colony formation of bladder cancer 5637 cell line by inhibition of cell cycle progression, and for pyrazoline 2a, by induction of apoptosis. As indicated by the physicochemical properties of these compounds, the steric factor influences the activity. Therefore, these pyrazoline derivatives can be considered promising anticancer agents for the treatment of bladder cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Josiane Weber Tessmann
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia (PPGB), Biotecnologia/Centro de Desenvolvimento Tecnológico, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Campus Universitário s/n, Capão do Leão, RS, Cep: 96010-900, Brazil; Grupo de Pesquisa em Oncologia Celular e Molecular (GPO), Laboratório de Biotecnologia do Câncer, Centro de Desenvolvimento Tecnológico, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Campus Universitário s/n, Capão do Leão, RS, Cep: 96010-900, Brazil.
| | - Julieti Buss
- Grupo de Pesquisa em Oncologia Celular e Molecular (GPO), Laboratório de Biotecnologia do Câncer, Centro de Desenvolvimento Tecnológico, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Campus Universitário s/n, Capão do Leão, RS, Cep: 96010-900, Brazil.
| | - Karine Rech Begnini
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia (PPGB), Biotecnologia/Centro de Desenvolvimento Tecnológico, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Campus Universitário s/n, Capão do Leão, RS, Cep: 96010-900, Brazil; Grupo de Pesquisa em Oncologia Celular e Molecular (GPO), Laboratório de Biotecnologia do Câncer, Centro de Desenvolvimento Tecnológico, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Campus Universitário s/n, Capão do Leão, RS, Cep: 96010-900, Brazil.
| | - Lucas Moraes Berneira
- Laboratório de Lipidômica e Bio-orgânica, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Campus Universitário s/n, Capão do Leão, RS, Cep: 96010-900, Brazil.
| | - Favero Reisdorfer Paula
- Laboratório de Desenvolvimento e Controle de Qualidade em Medicamentos, Universidade Federal do Pampa, BR 472 - Km 592, Uruguaiana, RS, Cep: 97508-000, Brazil.
| | - Claudio Martin Pereira de Pereira
- Laboratório de Lipidômica e Bio-orgânica, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Campus Universitário s/n, Capão do Leão, RS, Cep: 96010-900, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica e Bioprospecção, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Campus Universitário s/n, Capão do Leão, RS, Cep: 96010-900, Brazil.
| | - Tiago Collares
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia (PPGB), Biotecnologia/Centro de Desenvolvimento Tecnológico, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Campus Universitário s/n, Capão do Leão, RS, Cep: 96010-900, Brazil; Grupo de Pesquisa em Oncologia Celular e Molecular (GPO), Laboratório de Biotecnologia do Câncer, Centro de Desenvolvimento Tecnológico, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Campus Universitário s/n, Capão do Leão, RS, Cep: 96010-900, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica e Bioprospecção, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Campus Universitário s/n, Capão do Leão, RS, Cep: 96010-900, Brazil.
| | - Fabiana Kömmling Seixas
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia (PPGB), Biotecnologia/Centro de Desenvolvimento Tecnológico, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Campus Universitário s/n, Capão do Leão, RS, Cep: 96010-900, Brazil; Grupo de Pesquisa em Oncologia Celular e Molecular (GPO), Laboratório de Biotecnologia do Câncer, Centro de Desenvolvimento Tecnológico, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Campus Universitário s/n, Capão do Leão, RS, Cep: 96010-900, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Hogan TF, Lamm DL. Integrative Tumor Board: Medical and Surgical Oncology Approach. Integr Cancer Ther 2016. [DOI: 10.1177/1534735404274349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas F. Hogan
- Hematology-Oncology, Mayo Clinic Scottsdale 3A, 13400 East Shea Blvd., Scottsdale, AZ 85259, Tel: 480-301-8335, Fax: 480-301-8572
| | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Zhan Y, Liu Y, Wang C, Lin J, Chen M, Chen X, Zhuang C, Liu L, Xu W, Zhou Q, Sun X, Zhang Q, Zhao G, Huang W. Increased expression of SUMO1P3 predicts poor prognosis and promotes tumor growth and metastasis in bladder cancer. Oncotarget 2016; 7:16038-48. [PMID: 26799188 PMCID: PMC4941296 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.6946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2015] [Accepted: 01/02/2016] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Bladder cancer is one of the most common malignancies worldwide. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are a class of non-coding RNAs that play crucial roles in diverse biological processes. The pseudogene-expressed lncRNA is one major type of lncRNA family. Small ubiquitin-like modifier (SUMO) 1 pseudogene 3, (SUMO1P3) is a novel indentified lncRNA that was previously reported to be up-regulated in gastric cancer. However, we know nothing about the biological function and underlying mechanism of SUMO1P3 in tumor. Furthermore, the relationship between SUMO1P3 and bladder cancer is completely unknown. We hypothesized that SUMO1P3 also have roles in bladder cancer.In this study, we found that SUMO1P3 was significantly up-regulated in bladder cancer tissues compared with paired-adjacent nontumorous tissues in a cohort of 55 bladder cancer patients. Moreover, up-regulated SUMO1P3 expression was positively correlated with greater histological grade (P<0.05) and advanced TNM stage (P<0.05). Furthermore, we found cell proliferation / migration inhibition and apoptosis induction were also observed in SUMO1P3 siRNA-transfected bladder cancer cells. Our data suggest that SUMO1P3 plays oncogenic roles in bladder cancer and can be used as a potential prognostic and therapeutic target.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yonghao Zhan
- Key Laboratory of Medical Reprogramming Technology, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
- Department of Urology, Peking University First Hospital, Institute of Urology, Peking University, National Urological Cancer Centre, Beijing, China
- Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Yuchen Liu
- Key Laboratory of Medical Reprogramming Technology, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
- Department of Urology, Peking University First Hospital, Institute of Urology, Peking University, National Urological Cancer Centre, Beijing, China
| | - Chaoliang Wang
- Urology Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Junhao Lin
- Key Laboratory of Medical Reprogramming Technology, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
- Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Mingwei Chen
- Key Laboratory of Medical Reprogramming Technology, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiaoying Chen
- Key Laboratory of Medical Reprogramming Technology, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
- Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Chengle Zhuang
- Key Laboratory of Medical Reprogramming Technology, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
- Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Li Liu
- Key Laboratory of Medical Reprogramming Technology, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
- Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Wen Xu
- Key Laboratory of Medical Reprogramming Technology, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Qing Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Medical Reprogramming Technology, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiaojuan Sun
- Key Laboratory of Medical Reprogramming Technology, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Qiaoxia Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Medical Reprogramming Technology, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Guoping Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Medical Reprogramming Technology, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
- Shanghai-MOST Key Laboratory of Health and Disease Genomics, Chinese National Human Genome Centerat Shanghai, Shanghai, China
| | - Weiren Huang
- Key Laboratory of Medical Reprogramming Technology, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
- Department of Urology, Peking University First Hospital, Institute of Urology, Peking University, National Urological Cancer Centre, Beijing, China
- Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Seo HK, Ahn KO, Jung NR, Shin JS, Park WS, Lee KH, Lee SJ, Jeong KC. Antitumor activity of the c-Myc inhibitor KSI-3716 in gemcitabine-resistant bladder cancer. Oncotarget 2015; 5:326-37. [PMID: 24504118 PMCID: PMC3964210 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.1545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Intravesical instillation of chemotherapeutic agents is a well-established treatment strategy to decrease recurrence following transurethral resection in non-muscle invasive bladder cancer. Gemcitabine is a recently developed treatment option. However, the curative effects of gemcitabine are far from satisfactory due to de novo or acquired drug resistance. In a previous study, we reported that intravesical administration of the c-Myc inhibitor KSI-3716 suppresses tumor growth in an orthotopic bladder cancer model. Here, we explored whether KSI-3716 inhibits gemcitabine-resistant bladder cancer cell proliferation. As expected from the in vitro cytotoxicity of gemcitabine in several bladder cancer cell lines, gemcitabine effectively suppressed the growth of KU19-19 xenografts in nude mice, although all mice relapsed later. Long-term in vitro exposure to gemcitabine induced gemcitabine-specific resistance. Gemcitabine-resistant cells, termed KU19-19/GEM, formed xenograft tumors even in the presence of 2 mg/kg gemcitabine. Interestingly, KU19-19/GEM cells up-regulated c-Myc expression in the presence of the gemcitabine and resisted to the gemcitabine, however was suppressed by the KSI-3716. The sequential addition of gemcitabine and KSI-3716 inhibited gemcitabine-resistant cell proliferation to a great extent than each drug alone. These results suggest that sequential treatment with gemcitabine and KSI-3716 may be beneficial to bladder cancer patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ho Kyung Seo
- Center for Prostate Cancer, Hospital, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Yen HK, Fauzi AR, Din LB, McKelvey-Martin VJ, Meng CK, Inayat-Hussain SH, Rajab NF. Involvement of Seladin-1 in goniothalamin-induced apoptosis in urinary bladder cancer cells. BMC COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2014; 14:295. [PMID: 25107315 PMCID: PMC4150971 DOI: 10.1186/1472-6882-14-295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2014] [Accepted: 07/15/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Selective Alzheimer Disease Indicator-1 (or Seladin-1) is a multifunctional protein first discovered by downregulation of its expression in Alzheimer's disease. Interestingly, the expression of this protein is upregulated in several cancers, including primary bladder cancer. However, its role in cancer formation has yet to be discovered. Goniothalamin is a natural product that has been demonstrated to induce apoptosis in various cancer cell lines. In this study, we have elucidated the role of Seladin-1 in goniothalamin-induced cytotoxicity towards human urinary bladder cancer cell line RT4. METHODS The cytotoxicity of goniothalamin in human urinary bladder cancer cell line RT4 was assessed using MTT assay and the mode of cell death was determined by Annexin V-FITC/PI labeling assay. Finally, the expression of Seladin-1 protein in goniothalamin-treated RT4 cells was determined by Western blot. RESULTS MTT assay showed that the cytotoxicity of goniothalamin on RT4 cells was concentration and time dependent with IC50 values of 61 μM (24 hr), 38 μM (48 hr) and 31 μM for 72 hr, respectively. Cell death induced was confirmed through apoptosis; as assessed using the Annexin V-FITC/PI labeling assay. Furthermore, the involvement of Seladin-1 in goniothalamin-induced apoptosis was evidenced through the cleavage of 60 kDa protein to 40 kDa and 20 kDa. This was followed by a gradual increase of 20 kDa fragment suggesting the involvement of Seladin-1 in goniothalamin-induced apoptosis on RT4 cells. CONCLUSION This study demonstrates that goniothalamin induce cytotoxicity and apoptosis on RT4 cells. The involvement of Seladin-1 in goniothalamin-induced apoptosis further suggested that Seladin-1 may play a role in the formation of primary bladder cancer.
Collapse
|
11
|
Brahmi D, Ayed Y, Hfaiedh M, Bouaziz C, Mansour HB, Zourgui L, Bacha H. Protective effect of cactus cladode extract against cisplatin induced oxidative stress, genotoxicity and apoptosis in balb/c mice: combination with phytochemical composition. BMC COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2012; 12:111. [PMID: 22849573 PMCID: PMC3567432 DOI: 10.1186/1472-6882-12-111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2011] [Accepted: 06/21/2012] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cis-Platinum (II) (cis-diammine dichloroplatinum; CDDP) is a potent antitumor compound widely used for the treatment of many malignancies. An important side-effect of CDDP is nephrotoxicity. The cytotoxic action of this drug is often thought to induce oxidative stress and be associated with its ability to bind DNA to form CDDP-DNA adducts and apoptosis in kidney cells. In this study, the protective effect of cactus cladode extract (CCE) against CDDP-induced oxidative stress and genotoxicity were investigated in mice. We also looked for levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), catalase activity, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, chromosome aberrations (CA) test, SOS Chromotest, expressions of p53, bax and bcl2 in kidney and we also analyzed several parameters of renal function markers toxicity such as serum biochemical analysis. METHODS Adult, healthy balb/c (20-25 g) male mice aged of 4-5 weeks were pre-treated by intraperitonial administration of CCE (50 mg/Kg.b.w) for 2 weeks. Control animals were treated 3 days a week for 4 weeks by intraperitonial administration of 100 μg/Kg.b.w CDDP. Animals which treated by CDDP and CCE were divided into two groups: the first group was administrated CCE 2 hours before each treatment with CDDP 3 days a week for 4 weeks. The second group was administrated without pre-treatment with CCE but this extract was administrated 24 hours after each treatment with CDDP 3 days a week for 4 weeks. RESULTS Our results showed that CDDP induced significant alterations in all tested oxidative stress markers. In addition it induced CA in bone morrow cells, increased the expression of pro-apoptotic proteins p53 and bax and decreased the expression of anti-apoptotic protein bcl2 in kidney. On the other hand, CDDP significantly increased the levels of urea and creatinine and decreased the levels of albumin and total protein.The treatment of CCE before or after treatment with CDDP showed, (i) a total reduction of CDDP induced oxidative damage for all tested markers, (ii) an anti-genotoxic effect resulting in an efficient prevention of chromosomal aberrations compared to the group treated with CDDP alone (iii) restriction of the effect of CDDP by differential modulation of the expression of p53 which is decreased as well as its associated genes such as bax and bcl2, (iiii) restriction of serums levels of creatinine, urea, albumin and total protein resuming its values towards near normal levels of control. CONCLUSION We concluded that CCE is beneficial in CDDP-induced kidney dysfunction in mice via its anti-oxidant anti-genotoxic and anti-apoptotic properties against CDDP.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dalel Brahmi
- Laboratory of Research on Biologically Compatible Compounds, Faculty of Dentistry, Rue Avicenne, 5019, Monastir, Tunisia
- Research unit of Macromolecular Biochemistry & Genetic, Faculty of Sciences Gafsa, Gafsa, 2112, Tunisia
| | - Yousra Ayed
- Laboratory of Research on Biologically Compatible Compounds, Faculty of Dentistry, Rue Avicenne, 5019, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Mbarka Hfaiedh
- Research unit of Macromolecular Biochemistry & Genetic, Faculty of Sciences Gafsa, Gafsa, 2112, Tunisia
| | - Chayma Bouaziz
- Laboratory of Research on Biologically Compatible Compounds, Faculty of Dentistry, Rue Avicenne, 5019, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Hedi Ben Mansour
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Monastir, Rue Avicenne, Monastir, 5000, Tunisia
| | - Lazhar Zourgui
- Research unit of Macromolecular Biochemistry & Genetic, Faculty of Sciences Gafsa, Gafsa, 2112, Tunisia
- Higher Institute of Applied Biology ISBAM Medenine, University of Gabes, Gabes, Tunisia
| | - Hassen Bacha
- Laboratory of Research on Biologically Compatible Compounds, Faculty of Dentistry, Rue Avicenne, 5019, Monastir, Tunisia
- University of Jendouba, Jendouba, Tunisia
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Nayyar R, Gupta NP. Role of systemic peri-operative chemotherapy in management of transitional cell carcinoma of bladder. Indian J Urol 2011; 27:262-8. [PMID: 21814319 PMCID: PMC3142839 DOI: 10.4103/0970-1591.82847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Bladder cancer has variable biological behavior pattern in different individuals and the debate regarding peri-operative use of systemic chemotherapy with the surgical management remains. The optimal treatment strategy, regimen and the timing of peri-operative chemotherapy are not yet known. Here we review the existing literature for the use of systemic peri-operative chemotherapy in management of advanced bladder cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rishi Nayyar
- Department of Urology, Dr RML Hospital and PGIMER, New Delhi, India
| | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Amelioration of cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity by pravastatin in mice. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011; 63:215-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.etp.2009.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2009] [Revised: 12/08/2009] [Accepted: 12/14/2009] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
|
14
|
Pruthi RS, Nielsen M, Heathcote S, Wallen EM, Rathmell WK, Godley P, Whang Y, Fielding J, Schultz H, Grigson G, Smith A, Kim W. A phase II trial of neoadjuvant erlotinib in patients with muscle-invasive bladder cancer undergoing radical cystectomy: clinical and pathological results. BJU Int 2010; 106:349-354. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1464-410x.2009.09101.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/30/2023]
|
15
|
Kancharla VP, Gulmi FA, Agheli A, Degen M, Gohari A, Jiang M, Wang JC. Transitional Cell Carcinoma of the Bladder Manifestating as Malignant Lymphoma with Generalized Lymphadenopathy. Case Rep Oncol 2010; 3:125-130. [PMID: 20740184 PMCID: PMC2919987 DOI: 10.1159/000312424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Bladder cancer usually spreads via the lymphatic and hematogenous routes, the most common sites of metastases of urinary bladder cancers being the regional lymph nodes, liver, lung, bone, peritoneum, pleura, kidney, adrenal gland and intestines. Generalized lymph node metastasis of transitional cell cancer of the bladder is extremely rare. According to our literature search, there has been no case report of transitional cell cancer of the bladder that manifests as an extensive large lymph node metastasis involving the intraparotid, supraclavicular thoracic inlet, axillary and regional abdominal and pelvic lymph nodes without bone or visceral organs involved. Such a presentation could be mistaken as malignant lymphoma and the importance of a biopsy of the lymph nodes is emphasized. The clinical course of rapid progression of the disease and the presence of wild-type p53 with rapid response to chemotherapy and a short remission may represent a unique case, which is discussed here.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Venkat Pavan Kancharla
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Brookdale University Hospital Medical Center, Brooklyn, N.Y., USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Damaraju S, Damaraju VL, Mowles D, Sawyer MB, Damaraju S, Cass CE. Cytotoxic activity of gemcitabine in cultured cell lines derived from histologically different types of bladder cancer: Role of thymidine kinase 2. Biochem Pharmacol 2010; 79:21-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2009.07.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2009] [Revised: 07/23/2009] [Accepted: 07/27/2009] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
17
|
De Santis M, Bellmunt J, Mead G, Kerst JM, Leahy M, Maroto P, Skoneczna I, Marreaud S, de Wit R, Sylvester R. Randomized phase II/III trial assessing gemcitabine/ carboplatin and methotrexate/carboplatin/vinblastine in patients with advanced urothelial cancer "unfit" for cisplatin-based chemotherapy: phase II--results of EORTC study 30986. J Clin Oncol 2009; 27:5634-9. [PMID: 19786668 DOI: 10.1200/jco.2008.21.4924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE There is no standard treatment for patients with advanced urothelial cancer who are ineligible ("unfit") for cisplatin-based chemotherapy (CHT). To compare the activity and safety of two CHT combinations in this patient group, a randomized phase II/III trial was conducted by the EORTC (European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer). We report here the phase II results of the study. PATIENTS AND METHODS CHT-naïve patients with measurable disease and impaired renal function (30 mL/min < glomerular filtration rate [GFR] < 60 mL/min) and/or performance status (PS) 2 were randomly assigned to receive either GC (gemcitabine 1,000 mg/m(2) on days 1 and 8 and carboplatin area under the serum concentration-time curve [AUC] 4.5) for 21 days or M-CAVI (methotrexate 30 mg/m(2) on days 1, 15, and 22; carboplatin AUC 4.5 on day 1; and vinblastine 3 mg/m(2) on days 1, 15, and 22) for 28 days. End points of response and severe acute toxicity (SAT) were evaluated with respect to treatment group, renal function, PS, and Bajorin risk groups. RESULTS Three of 178 patients who were ineligible or did not start treatment were excluded. SAT was reported in 13.6% of patients on GC and in 23% on M-CAVI. Overall response rates were 42% (37 of 88) for GC and 30% (26 of 87) for M-CAVI. Patients with PS 2 and GFR less than 60 mL/min and patients in Bajorin risk group 2 showed a response rate of only 26% and 20% and an SAT rate of 26% and 25%, respectively. CONCLUSION Both combinations are active in this group of unfit patients. However, patients with PS 2 and GFR less than 60 mL/min do not benefit from combination CHT. Alternative treatment modalities should be sought in this subgroup of poor-risk patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria De Santis
- Kaiser Franz Josef Hospital and Applied Cancer Research-Institution for Translational Research, Ludwig Boltzmann-Institute for Applied Cancer Research, Vienna, Austria.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Yu YN, Chen H, Li Y. Effect of bicyclol on cisplatin-induced hepatotoxicity in the hepatocarcinoma 22 tumour-bearing mice. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol 2009; 104:300-5. [PMID: 19210495 DOI: 10.1111/j.1742-7843.2008.00343.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine the effect of bicyclol against cisplatin-induced hepatotoxicity and the influence on the antitumour capacity of cisplatin in hepatocarcinoma 22 (H22) tumour-bearing mice. ICR mice were treated with bicyclol (250 mg/kg, orally) 2 hr before the injection of cisplatin (5 mg/kg, intraperitoneally) for 5 days (once daily) after H22 tumour cells were implanted. All animals were killed on the fifth day after cisplatin treatment and tumour weight of each animal was measured. Liver pathological changes were examined by light microscopy and biochemical assay. The expressions of liver inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS and nitric oxide synthase 2) and 3-nitrotyrosine were assessed by Western blotting. Bicyclol showed a significant protection as evidenced by the decrease of elevated serum aminotransferases and lactate dehydrogenase, and improvement of histopathological injury induced by cisplatin. The formation of liver malondialdehyde with a concomitant reduction of reduced glutathione was also inhibited by bicyclol, while the activities of liver superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase were all increased, respectively. In addition, the over expressions of liver iNOS and 3-nitrotyrosine were suppressed by bicyclol. The administration of bicyclol had no affect on the anti-tumour capacity of cisplatin in mice bearing H22 tumour. The hepatoprotective action of bicyclol provides a new approach for preventing the hepatotoxicity induced by cisplatin in the clinic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Nan Yu
- Department of New Drug Development, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Évaluation oncogériatrique du sujet âgé ayant un cancer urologique métastatique. Prog Urol 2008; 18 Suppl 7:S415-25. [DOI: 10.1016/s1166-7087(08)74576-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
20
|
Vaughn DJ. Chemotherapeutic options for cisplatin-ineligible patients with advanced carcinoma of the urothelium. Cancer Treat Rev 2008; 34:328-38. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ctrv.2007.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2007] [Accepted: 12/13/2007] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
|
21
|
Primary chemotherapy with low-dose prolonged infusion gemcitabine and cisplatin in patients with bladder cancer: A Phase II trial. Urol Oncol 2008; 26:133-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.urolonc.2007.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2006] [Revised: 01/08/2007] [Accepted: 01/08/2007] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
22
|
Kim KT, Yeo WG, Lee E. Safety of Adjuvant Chemotherapy after Orthotopic Bladder Substitution: Comparison to Ileal Conduit. Korean J Urol 2007. [DOI: 10.4111/kju.2007.48.11.1116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Kwang Taek Kim
- Department of Urology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Woon Geol Yeo
- Department of Urology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eunsik Lee
- Department of Urology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Pectasides D, Pectasides M, Economopoulos T. Systemic chemotherapy in locally advanced and/or metastatic bladder cancer. Cancer Treat Rev 2006; 32:456-70. [PMID: 16935429 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctrv.2006.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2006] [Revised: 07/04/2006] [Accepted: 07/09/2006] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder is a common malignancy. Advanced urothelial cancer is a chemosenstive neoplasm. Whereas the MVAC (methotrexate, vinblastine, doxorubicin, and cisplatin) regimen was long-considered the standard of care for patients with advanced disease, the evaluation of newer agents with retained activity and improved tolerability has been the focus of much investigation over the past decade. Combinations such as cisplatin-gemcitabine (GC) and intensified, G-CSF supported MVAC have shown more favourable toxicity profile and equal or even improved efficacy. Specific groups of patients (elderly, patients with renal dysfunction or poor performance status or co-morbidities) who cannot tolerate cisplatin-based therapy, should receive carboplatin, gemcitabine or taxane-based treatment. Continuing improvements in our understanding of the molecular phenotype of individual patient tumors may lead to the appropriate therapies that target molecular aberrations unique to this malignancy. This review will summarize recent developments in the management of locally advanced (T4b, N 2-3) and/or metastatic (M1) bladder cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D Pectasides
- Second Department of Internal Medicine, Propaedeutic, Oncology Section, Attikon University Hospital, Rimini 1, Haidari, 15342 Athens, Greece.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
Mey V, Giovannetti E, Braud FD, Nannizzi S, Curigliano G, Verweij F, De Cobelli O, Pece S, Del Tacca M, Danesi R. In vitro synergistic cytotoxicity of gemcitabine and pemetrexed and pharmacogenetic evaluation of response to gemcitabine in bladder cancer patients. Br J Cancer 2006; 95:289-297. [PMID: 16868547 PMCID: PMC2360654 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjc.6603242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 06/05/2006] [Accepted: 06/06/2006] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study was performed to investigate the capability of gemcitabine and pemetrexed to synergistically interact with respect to cytotoxicity and apoptosis in T24 and J82 bladder cancer cells, and to establish a correlation between drug activity and gene expression of selected genes in tumour samples. The interaction between gemcitabine and pemetrexed was synergistic; indeed, pemetrexed favoured gemcitabine cytotoxicity by increasing cellular population in S-phase, reducing Akt phosphorylation as well as by inducing the expression of a major gemcitabine uptake system, the human equilibrative nucleoside transporter-1 (hENT1), and the key activating enzyme deoxycytidine kinase (dCK) in both cell lines. Bladder tumour specimens showed an heterogeneous gene expression pattern and patients with higher levels of dCK and hENT1 had better response. Moreover, human nucleoside concentrative transporter-1 was detectable only in 3/12 patients, two of whom presented a complete response to gemcitabine. These data provide evidence that the chemotherapeutic activity of the combination of gemcitabine and pemetrexed is synergistic against bladder cancer cells in vitro and that the assessment of the expression of genes involved in gemcitabine uptake and activation might be a possible determinant of bladder cancer response and may represent a new tool for treatment optimization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- V Mey
- Division of Pharmacology and Chemotherapy, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Pisa, 55, Via Roma, I-56100, 56126, Pisa, Italy
| | - E Giovannetti
- Division of Pharmacology and Chemotherapy, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Pisa, 55, Via Roma, I-56100, 56126, Pisa, Italy
| | - F De Braud
- Department of Medical Oncology and Division of Urology, European Institute of Oncology, I-20141 Milan, Italy
| | - S Nannizzi
- Division of Pharmacology and Chemotherapy, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Pisa, 55, Via Roma, I-56100, 56126, Pisa, Italy
| | - G Curigliano
- Department of Medical Oncology and Division of Urology, European Institute of Oncology, I-20141 Milan, Italy
| | - F Verweij
- Department of Medical Oncology and Division of Urology, European Institute of Oncology, I-20141 Milan, Italy
| | - O De Cobelli
- Department of Medical Oncology and Division of Urology, European Institute of Oncology, I-20141 Milan, Italy
| | - S Pece
- Department of Medical Oncology and Division of Urology, European Institute of Oncology, I-20141 Milan, Italy
| | - M Del Tacca
- Division of Pharmacology and Chemotherapy, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Pisa, 55, Via Roma, I-56100, 56126, Pisa, Italy
| | - R Danesi
- Division of Pharmacology and Chemotherapy, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Pisa, 55, Via Roma, I-56100, 56126, Pisa, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Fuessel S, Herrmann J, Ning S, Kotzsch M, Kraemer K, Schmidt U, Hakenberg OW, Wirth MP, Meye A. Chemosensitization of bladder cancer cells by survivin-directed antisense oligodeoxynucleotides and siRNA. Cancer Lett 2006; 232:243-54. [PMID: 16458121 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2005.02.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2005] [Revised: 02/15/2005] [Accepted: 02/20/2005] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Survivin is known to be overexpressed in numerous tumor types including human bladder cancer and to cause resistance to radiation and chemotherapy. Therefore, we tested the antisense oligodeoxynucleotide AS-SVV286 and the small interfering RNA si-SVV284 to down-regulate survivin in the BCa cell lines EJ28 and 5637 thereby acting as sensitizers for chemotherapy. Pretreatment with these inhibitors followed by chemotherapy caused an enhanced decrease in cell viability. The observed reduction in cell counts associated with increased rates of apoptosis paralleled the degree of reduction of survivin expression that was achieved more efficiently by the siRNA than by the AS-ODN. Nevertheless, both therapy approaches in combination with all tested chemotherapeutics provoked a remarkable inhibition of viability and may serve as suitable additive tools for chemosensitization of bladder cancer cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Susanne Fuessel
- Department of Urology, Technical University Dresden, Fetscherstr. 74, D-01307 Dresden, Germany.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
Miyake H, Hara I, Fujisaw M, Gleave ME. Antisense oligodeoxynucleotide therapy for bladder cancer: recent advances and future prospects. Expert Rev Anticancer Ther 2006; 5:1001-9. [PMID: 16336091 DOI: 10.1586/14737140.5.6.1001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Despite remarkable progress in therapeutic options for the management of bladder cancer, it remains a challenge for urologists to achieve successful outcomes in the treatment of both superficial and invasive bladder cancers. In this review, recent advances in the field of antisense oligodeoxynucleotide therapy targeting several genes playing functionally important roles in the progression and recurrence of bladder cancer are summarized. Data showing the synergistic antitumor activities of antisense oligodeoxynucleotide therapy, combined with several treatments, including cytotoxic chemotherapy, radiation and other molecular targeting therapies, are also presented. Finally, the future direction of antisense oligodeoxynucleotide therapy in the therapeutic strategy of bladder cancer is discussed. These findings may help clarify the significance of antisense oligodeoxynucleotide therapy as an attractive alternative to conventional strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hideaki Miyake
- Department of Urology, Hyogo Medical Center for Adults, Akashi 673-8558, Japan.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Herring JC, Kamat AM. Treatment of muscle-invasive bladder cancer: progress and new challenges. Expert Rev Anticancer Ther 2006; 4:1047-56. [PMID: 15606332 DOI: 10.1586/14737140.4.6.1047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The management of muscle-invasive bladder cancer has evolved over the last 20 years. Radical surgery, while curative for a significant number of patients, is inadequate for a subgroup with aggressive features including, but not limited to, advanced local stage, lymphovascular invasion on transurethral resection specimen, or variant histology such as small cell carcinoma. It is now clear that chemotherapy can improve the outcome for such patients. Combination platinum-based neoadjuvant chemotherapy is associated with a survival advantage of 5-8% at 5 years over local therapy alone. Improvements in surgical technique are also important and need to be further refined. Biologic-based staging and targeted therapies hold promise for the future. The critical issue in multimodal therapy for this very heterogeneous disease is individualized patient selection. In this review, data are presented with emphasis on the practical application of current knowledge to the management of patients with muscle-invasive bladder cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Judi C Herring
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, University of Florida, 555 West Eighth Street, Pavilion, 2 South, Jacksonville, FL 32209, USA.
| | | |
Collapse
|
28
|
Manoharan M, Reyes MA, Kava BR, Singal R, Kim SS, Soloway MS. Is adjuvant chemotherapy for bladder cancer safer in patients with an ileal conduit than a neobladder? BJU Int 2005; 96:1286-9. [PMID: 16287446 DOI: 10.1111/j.1464-410x.2005.05822.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the safety of adjuvant chemotherapy in patients with neobladder reconstruction in comparison to ileal conduit, as radical cystectomy and urinary diversion is an effective curative surgical treatment for muscle-invasive and high-risk superficial bladder cancer, and adjuvant chemotherapy is usually considered for patients with clinical stage > T2 and nodal metastasis. PATIENTS AND METHODS We analysed retrospectively patients who had had a radical cystectomy and urinary diversion between 1992 and 2004. Patients with high-risk disease who had adjuvant chemotherapy were identified and stratified based on the type of urinary diversion (ileal conduit or neobladder). The chemotherapy regimen, complications from the adjuvant chemotherapy and other relevant data were analysed. RESULTS Overall, 343 patients had radical cystectomy, 40 had adjuvant chemotherapy; 25 had an ileal conduit and 15 had a neobladder. Patient characteristics including age, stage and follow-up were similar. In all, 55% of patients had grade 1 toxicity, 23% grade 2, 18% grade 3, and 13% grade 4. No patients had serious organ toxicity and none died. There were no significant differences in the toxicity among the two groups. CONCLUSIONS Adjuvant chemotherapy appears to be safe in patients with a neobladder and equally safe in patients with an ileal conduit. Hence neobladder reconstruction should not be denied to patients with bladder cancer who are at high risk of recurrence and who might require adjuvant chemotherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Murugesan Manoharan
- Department of Urology, University of Miami School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33101, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
29
|
Sak SC, Harnden P, Johnston CF, Paul AB, Kiltie AE. APE1 and XRCC1 protein expression levels predict cancer-specific survival following radical radiotherapy in bladder cancer. Clin Cancer Res 2005; 11:6205-11. [PMID: 16144922 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-05-0045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Radiotherapy offers the potential of bladder preservation in muscle-invasive bladder cancer, but only a proportion of tumors respond, and there are no accurate predictive methods. The ability of tumor cells to repair DNA damage induced by ionizing radiation influences radiosensitivity. We therefore investigated the prognostic value of the DNA repair proteins APE1 and XRCC1 in patients with muscle-invasive bladder cancer treated by radical radiotherapy. MATERIALS AND METHODS The tumors of 90 patients with muscle-invasive transitional cell carcinoma and known clinical outcomes were immunostained with APE1 and XRCC1 antibodies. Levels of protein expression were assessed as a percentage of tumor cells with positive nuclear staining (1,000 cells per tumor). RESULTS The median percentage of nuclear staining for APE1 was 98.7% (range, 42.2-100%) and for XRCC1 was 96.5% (range, 0.6-99.6%). High expression levels of APE1 or XRCC1 (> or = 95% positivity) were associated with improved patient cancer-specific survival (log-rank, P = 0.02 and 0.006, respectively). In a multivariate Cox regression model, APE1 and XRCC1 expression and hydronephrosis were the only independent predictors of patient survival. CONCLUSIONS Expression levels of both APE1 and XRCC1 proteins were strongly associated with patient outcome following radiotherapy, separating patients with good outcome from the 50% with poor outcome (82% and 44%, 3-year cause-specific survival, respectively). If prospectively validated, this simple test could be incorporated into clinical practice to select patients likely to respond to radiotherapy and consider alternative forms of therapy for those unlikely to respond.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sei C Sak
- Cancer Research UK Clinical Centre, St. James's University Hospital, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
30
|
Abstract
This paper reviews the current status of systemic chemotherapy in the management of advanced and metastatic urothelial cancer. The activity of a number of single agents and combination drug regimens is discussed, and the small number of randomised-controlled studies available is also considered. Prognostic factors for response and survival, particularly long-term survival after systemic chemotherapy, are also reviewed. Special consideration is given to the role of systemic chemotherapy as a precursor to surgery (or radiotherapy) in locally advanced disease that is initially considered incurable. Therapeutic options for patients unable to tolerate cisplatin owing to renal impairment or other comorbidities are explored. Future directions are explored, including the role of molecular phenotyping in providing prognostic information, indicators of the likely success of conventional therapeutic measures and the development of specific targeted therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J T Roberts
- Northern Centre for Cancer Treatment, Newcastle General Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Krause S, Förster Y, Kraemer K, Fuessel S, Kotzsch M, Schmidt U, Wirth MP, Meye A, Schwenzer B. Vascular endothelial growth factor antisense pretreatment of bladder cancer cells significantly enhances the cytotoxicity of mitomycin C, gemcitabine and Cisplatin. J Urol 2005; 174:328-31. [PMID: 15947684 DOI: 10.1097/01.ju.0000161588.94827.27] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Due to unsatisfactory success in the treatment of local and systemic bladder cancer and the low response rates to commonly used chemotherapy (CT) alternative and additive approaches must be found. The function of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in neo-angiogenesis and, therefore, in solid tumors makes it a promising target for a specific antitumor therapy. We investigated the possibility of sensitizing transitional bladder cancer cell lines to CT by pretreatment with VEGF antisense (AS) oligodeoxynucleotides (AS-ODNs). MATERIALS AND METHODS The human bladder cancer cell lines EJ28 and 5637 were transiently transfected with 3 antiVEGF AS-ODNs, followed by incubation with 3 doses of mitomycin C, gemcitabine or cisplatin CT. WST-1 (a sodium salt of 4-[3-(4-iodophenyl)-2-(4-nitrophenyl)-2H-5-tetrazolio]-1,3-benzene disulfonate) assay (Roche, Mannheim, Germany) was performed to assess effects on cell viability. Apoptosis was examined by Annexin V staining. In all experiments a nonsense ODN served as a control. RESULTS Each cell line responded in a dose dependent manner to all CTs. Combined treatment with VEGF AS-ODNs and CT resulted in decreased viability compared with isolated CT. VEGF857 plus CT significantly decreased the viability of the 2 cell lines compared with nonsense ODN plus CT for all 3 CT agents (p <0.007). This detected chemosensitization was based on an AS mediated increase in apoptosis. CONCLUSIONS One of the 3 AS-ODNs tested (VEGF857) significantly sensitizes human transitional cell carcinoma cells to CT. We suggest VEGF as an additional putative target to enhance the therapeutic benefit of, for example mitomycin C and gemcitabine instillation treatment schedules.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sabine Krause
- Institutes of Biochemistry, Technical University Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
Boria PA, Glickman NW, Schmidt BR, Widmer WR, Mutsaers AJ, Adams LG, Snyder PW, DiBernardi L, de Gortari AE, Bonney PL, Knapp DW. Carboplatin and piroxicam therapy in 31 dogs with transitional cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder. Vet Comp Oncol 2005; 3:73-80. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1476-5810.2005.00070.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
33
|
Lorusso V, Silvestris N. Systemic chemotherapy for patients with advanced and metastatic bladder cancer: current status and future directions. Ann Oncol 2005; 16 Suppl 4:iv85-89. [PMID: 15923437 DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdi914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- V Lorusso
- Operative Unit of Medical Oncology, Oncology Institute of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | | |
Collapse
|