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Ahluwalia MS, Khosla AA, Ozair A, Gouda MA, Subbiah V. Impact of tissue-agnostic approvals on management of primary brain tumors. Trends Cancer 2024; 10:256-274. [PMID: 38245379 DOI: 10.1016/j.trecan.2023.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 11/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2024]
Abstract
Novel tissue-agnostic therapeutics targeting driver mutations in tumor cells have been recently approved by FDA, driven by basket trials that have demonstrated their efficacy and safety across diverse tumor histology. However, the relative rarity of primary brain tumors (PBTs) has limited their representation in early trials of tissue-agnostic medications. Thus, consensus continues to evolve regarding utility of tissue-agnostic medications in routine practice for PBTs, a diverse group of neoplasms characterized by limited treatment options and unfavorable prognoses. We describe current and potential impact of tissue-agnostic approvals on management of PBTs. We discuss data from clinical trials for PBTs regarding tissue-agnostic targets, including BRAFV600E, neurotrophic tyrosine receptor kinase (NTRK) fusions, microsatellite instability-high (MSI-High), mismatch repair deficiency (dMMR), and high tumor mutational burden (TMB-H), in context of challenges in managing PBTs. Described are additional tissue-agnostic targets that hold promise for benefiting patients with PBTs, including RET fusion, fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR), ERBB2/HER2, and KRASG12C, and TP53Y220C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manmeet S Ahluwalia
- Miami Cancer Institute, Baptist Health South Florida, Miami, FL, USA; Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Atulya A Khosla
- Miami Cancer Institute, Baptist Health South Florida, Miami, FL, USA; Department of Internal Medicine, William Beaumont University Hospital, Royal Oak, MI, USA
| | - Ahmad Ozair
- Miami Cancer Institute, Baptist Health South Florida, Miami, FL, USA; Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Mohamed A Gouda
- Department of Investigational Cancer Therapeutics, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Vivek Subbiah
- Early Phase Drug Development Program, Sarah Cannon Research Institute, Nashville, TN, USA.
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2
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Liu X, Liu L, Wu A, Huang S, Xu Z, Zhang X, Li Z, Li H, Dong J. Transformed astrocytes confer temozolomide resistance on glioblastoma via delivering ALKBH7 to enhance APNG expression after educating by glioblastoma stem cells-derived exosomes. CNS Neurosci Ther 2024; 30:e14599. [PMID: 38332576 PMCID: PMC10853646 DOI: 10.1111/cns.14599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glioblastoma is the most malignant primary brain tumor in adults. Temozolomide (TMZ) stands for the first-line chemotherapeutic agent against glioblastoma. Nevertheless, the therapeutic efficacy of TMZ appears to be remarkably limited, because of low cytotoxic efficiency against glioblastoma. Besides, various mechanical studies and the corresponding strategies fail to enhancing TMZ curative effect in clinical practice. Our previous studies have disclosed remodeling of glial cells by GSCs, but the roles of these transformed cells on promoting TMZ resistance have never been explored. METHODS Exosomes were extracted from GSCs culture through standard centrifugation procedures, which can activate transformation of normal human astrocytes (NHAs) totumor-associated astrocytes (TAAs) for 3 days through detect the level of TGF-β, CD44 and tenascin-C. The secretive protein level of ALKBH7 of TAAs was determined by ELISA kit. The protein level of APNG and ALKBH7 of GBM cells were determined by Western blot. Cell-based assays of ALKBH7 and APNG triggered drug resistance were performed through flow cytometric assay, Western blotting and colony formation assay respectively. A xenograft tumor model was applied to investigate the function of ALKBH7 in vivo. Finally, the effect of the ALKBH7/APNG signaling on TMZ resistance were evaluated by functional experiments. RESULTS Exosomes derived from GSCs can activate transformation of normal human astrocytes (NHAs)to tumor-associated astrocytes (TAAs), as well as up-regulation of ALKBH7expression in TAAs. Besides, TAAs derived ALKBH7 can regulate APNG gene expression of GBM cells. After co-culturing with TAAs for 5 days, ALKBH7 and APNG expression in GBM cells were elevated. Furthermore, Knocking-down of APNG increased the inhibitory effect of TMZ on GBM cells survival. CONCLUSION The present study illustrated a new mechanism of glioblastoma resistance to TMZ, which based on GSCs-exo educated TAAs delivering ALKBH7 to enhance APNG expression of GBM cells, which implied that targeting on ALKBH7/APNG regulation network may provide a new strategy of enhancing TMZ therapeutic effects against glioblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinglei Liu
- Department of NeurosurgeryThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhouChina
| | - Liang Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Nanjing Brain HospitalNanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsuChina
| | - Anyi Wu
- Department of NeurosurgeryThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhouChina
| | - Shilu Huang
- Department of NeurosurgeryThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhouChina
| | - Zhipeng Xu
- Department of NeurosurgeryThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhouChina
| | - Xiaopei Zhang
- Department of NeurosurgeryThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhouChina
| | - Zengyang Li
- Department of NeurosurgeryThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhouChina
| | - Haoran Li
- Department of NeurosurgeryThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhouChina
| | - Jun Dong
- Department of NeurosurgeryThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhouChina
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3
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Jiang T, Wang X, Huang J, Chen D. CDC42-A promising immune-related target in glioma. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1192766. [PMID: 37476838 PMCID: PMC10354248 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1192766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioma is the worst prognostic neoplasm in the central nervous system. A polarity-regulating GTPase in cells, known as cell division cycle 42 (CdC42), has been proven to have its overactivation tightly connected to high tumor malignancy. The RNA-seq and protein expression of CDC42 in tumor and comparison tissues were analyzed based on the online tools; CDC42 was remarkably boosted in tumor tissues compared to normal controls. A total of 600 patients in the analysis set from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database and 657 patients in the validation set from the Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas (CGGA) database were adopted. The expression of CDC42 in clinical features and biological functions of glioma was analyzed, including differential expression analysis, survival analysis, Gene Ontology (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis, and immune infiltration analysis. The enrichment of CDC42 was shown to be strongly associated with poor prognosis and terrible clinical indexes of glioma, including higher World Health Organization scale grade, wild-type isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 expression, O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase non-methylated status, and 1p19q non-codeletion status (p < 0.0001). Functional enrichment analysis showed that CDC42 was highly correlated with immune and inflammatory responses in glioma. Additionally, the concentration extent of CDC42 was closely related to immune infiltration, immune checkpoints, and regulatory T (Treg) cell markers (CD4, CD25, and CD127). All evidence suggested that CDC42 may be a potential target for glioma immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Jiang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Dalian Municipal Central Hospital, Dalian, China
- Dalian Municipal Central Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xianwei Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Dalian Municipal Central Hospital, Dalian, China
| | - Jiaming Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Dalian Municipal Central Hospital, Dalian, China
| | - Dong Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Dalian Municipal Central Hospital, Dalian, China
- Dalian Municipal Central Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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Huang K, Rao C, Li Q, Lu J, Zhu Z, Wang C, Tu M, Shen C, Zheng S, Chen X, Lv F. Construction and validation of a glioblastoma prognostic model based on immune-related genes. Front Neurol 2022; 13:902402. [PMID: 35968275 PMCID: PMC9366078 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2022.902402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is a common malignant brain tumor with high mortality. It is urgently necessary to develop a new treatment because traditional approaches have plateaued. Purpose Here, we identified an immune-related gene (IRG)-based prognostic signature to comprehensively define the prognosis of GBM. Methods Glioblastoma samples were selected from the Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas (CGGA). We retrieved IRGs from the ImmPort data resource. Univariate Cox regression and LASSO Cox regression analyses were used to develop our predictive model. In addition, we constructed a predictive nomogram integrating the independent predictive factors to determine the one-, two-, and 3-year overall survival (OS) probabilities of individuals with GBM. Additionally, the molecular and immune characteristics and benefits of ICI therapy were analyzed in subgroups defined based on our prognostic model. Finally, the proteins encoded by the selected genes were identified with liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry and western blotting (WB). Results Six IRGs were used to construct the predictive model. The GBM patients were categorized into a high-risk group and a low-risk group. High-risk group patients had worse survival than low-risk group patients, and stronger positive associations with multiple tumor-related pathways, such as angiogenesis and hypoxia pathways, were found in the high-risk group. The high-risk group also had a low IDH1 mutation rate, high PTEN mutation rate, low 1p19q co-deletion rate and low MGMT promoter methylation rate. In addition, patients in the high-risk group showed increased immune cell infiltration, more aggressive immune activity, higher expression of immune checkpoint genes, and less benefit from immunotherapy than those in the low-risk group. Finally, the expression levels of TNC and SSTR2 were confirmed to be significantly associated with patient prognosis by protein mass spectrometry and WB. Conclusion Herein, a robust predictive model based on IRGs was developed to predict the OS of GBM patients and to aid future clinical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kate Huang
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Changjun Rao
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Qun Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Jianglong Lu
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Zhangzhang Zhu
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Chengde Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Ming Tu
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Chaodong Shen
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Shuizhi Zheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xiaofang Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- Xiaofang Chen
| | - Fangfang Lv
- Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Fangfang Lv
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5
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Qian C, Xiufu W, Jianxun T, Zihao C, Wenjie S, Jingfeng T, Kahlert UD, Renfei D. A Novel Extracellular Matrix Gene-Based Prognostic Model to Predict Overall Survive in Patients With Glioblastoma. Front Genet 2022; 13:851427. [PMID: 35783254 PMCID: PMC9247148 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.851427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Glioblastoma (GBM), one of the most prevalent brain tumor types, is correlated with an extremely poor prognosis. The extracellular matrix (ECM) genes could activate many crucial pathways that facilitate tumor development. This study aims to provide online models to predict GBM survival by ECM genes. Methods: The associations of ECM genes with the prognosis of GBM were analyzed, and the significant prognosis-related genes were used to develop the ECM index in the CGGA dataset. Furthermore, the ECM index was then validated on three datasets, namely, GSE16011, TCGA-GBM, and GSE83300. The prognosis difference, differentially expressed genes, and potential drugs were obtained. Multiple machine learning methods were selected to construct the model to predict the survival status of GBM patients at 6, 12, 18, 24, 30, and 36 months after diagnosis. Results: Five ECM gene signatures (AEBP1, F3, FLNC, IGFBP2, and LDHA) were recognized to be associated with the prognosis. GBM patients were divided into high– and low–ECM index groups with significantly different overall survival rates in four datasets. High–ECM index patients exhibited a worse prognosis than low–ECM index patients. Four small molecules (podophyllotoxin, lasalocid, MG-262, and nystatin) that might reduce GBM development were predicted by the Cmap dataset. In the independent dataset (GSE83300), the maximum values of prediction accuracy at 6, 12, 18, 24, 30, and 36 months were 0.878, 0.769, 0.748, 0.720, 0.705, and 0.868, respectively. These machine learning models were provided on a publicly accessible, open-source website (https://ospg.shinyapps.io/OSPG/). Conclusion: In summary, our findings indicated that ECM genes were prognostic indicators for patient survival. This study provided an online server for the prediction of survival curves of GBM patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Qian
- Department of Cerebrovascular Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
| | - Wu Xiufu
- Department of Cerebrovascular Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
| | - Tang Jianxun
- Department of Cerebrovascular Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
| | - Chen Zihao
- University Hospital for Gynecology, Pius-Hospital, University Medicine Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Shi Wenjie
- University Hospital for Gynecology, Pius-Hospital, University Medicine Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany
- Molecular and Experimental Surgery, Medical Faculty University Hospital Magdeburg, University Clinic for General-, Visceral-, Vascular- and Trans-Plantation Surgery, Otto-von Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Tang Jingfeng
- Department of Cerebrovascular Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
| | - Ulf D. Kahlert
- Molecular and Experimental Surgery, Medical Faculty University Hospital Magdeburg, University Clinic for General-, Visceral-, Vascular- and Trans-Plantation Surgery, Otto-von Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
- *Correspondence: Ulf D. Kahlert, ; Du Renfei,
| | - Du Renfei
- Clinic of Neurosurgery, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Chifeng Municipal Hospital, Inner Mongolia, Chifeng, China
- *Correspondence: Ulf D. Kahlert, ; Du Renfei,
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Xu J, Guo Y, Ning W, Wang X, Li S, Chen Y, Ma L, Qu Y, Song Y, Zhang H. Comprehensive Analyses of Glucose Metabolism in Glioma Reveal the Glioma-Promoting Effect of GALM. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 9:717182. [PMID: 35127693 PMCID: PMC8811465 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.717182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioma is the most common tumor with the worst prognosis in the central nervous system. Current studies showed that glucose metabolism could affect the malignant progression of tumors. However, the study on the dysregulation of glucose metabolism in glioma is still limited. Herein, we firstly screened 48 differentially expressed glucose metabolism-related genes (DE-GMGs) by comparing glioblastomas to low-grade gliomas. Then a glucose metabolism-related gene (GMG)-based model (PC, lactate dehydrogenase A (LDHA), glucuronidase beta (GUSB), galactosidase beta 1 (GLB1), galactose mutarotase (GALM), or fructose-bisphosphatase 1 (FBP1)) was constructed by a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network and Lasso regression. Thereinto, the high-risk group encountered a worse prognosis than the low-risk group, and the M2 macrophage was positively relevant to the risk score. Various classical tumor-related functions were enriched by Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analyses. Since protein GALM was rarely studied in glioma, we detected high expression of GALM by western blot and immunohistochemistry in glioma tissues. And experiments in vitro showed that GALM could promote the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) process of glioma cells and could be regulated by TNFAIP3 in glioma cells. Overall, our study revealed the critical role of glucose metabolism in the prognosis of patients with glioma. Furthermore, we demonstrated that GALM was significantly related to the malignancy of glioma and could promote glioma cells' EMT process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiacheng Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sanbo Brain Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yuduo Guo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sanbo Brain Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Weihai Ning
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sanbo Brain Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiang Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sanbo Brain Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Shenglun Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sanbo Brain Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yujia Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sanbo Brain Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Lixin Ma
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sanbo Brain Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yanming Qu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sanbo Brain Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yongmei Song
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Hongwei Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sanbo Brain Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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Wei D, Shen S, Lin K, Lu F, Zheng P, Wu S, Kang D. NPC2 as a Prognostic Biomarker for Glioblastoma Based on Integrated Bioinformatics Analysis and Cytological Experiments. Front Genet 2021; 12:611442. [PMID: 33777094 PMCID: PMC7990766 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.611442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is one of the most common and fatal malignancies worldwide, while its prognostic biomarkers are still being explored. This study aims to identify potential genes with clinical and prognostic significance by integrating bioinformatics analysis and investigating their function in HNSCC. Based on the Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) results of H3K27M-glioma cells, computational bioinformatics methods were employed for selecting prognostic biomarker for GBM. The protein NPC2 (NPC Intracellular Cholesterol Transporter 2), which has been shown to be related to lipoprotein metabolism and innate immune system, was identified to be upregulated in GBM. NPC2 showed a relatively higher expression in GBM samples, and a negative correlation with tumor purity and tumor infiltrating immune cells. Additionally, NPC2 was knocked down in U87-MG and U251 cells line, and cell proliferation and migration capability were evaluated with CCK-8, scratch and transwell assay, respectively. Cytological experiments has shown that NPC2 overexpression inhibited GBM cells proliferation and migration, indicating its important role in GBM progression. This is the first investigation into the prognostic value of NPC2 interact with GBM. The potential molecular factor NPC2 have been identified as a prognostic biomarker for GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- De Wei
- Department of Neurosurgery, Fujian Provincial Hospital South Branch, Fuzhou, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Shanghang Shen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Kun Lin
- Department of Neurosurgery, Fujian Provincial Hospital South Branch, Fuzhou, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Feng Lu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Fujian Provincial Hospital South Branch, Fuzhou, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Pengfeng Zheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Fujian Provincial Hospital South Branch, Fuzhou, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Shizhong Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Fujian Provincial Hospital South Branch, Fuzhou, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Dezhi Kang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
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8
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Chen X, Fan X, Zhao C, Zhao Z, Hu L, Wang D, Wang R, Fang Z. Molecular subtyping of glioblastoma based on immune-related genes for prognosis. Sci Rep 2020; 10:15495. [PMID: 32968155 PMCID: PMC7511296 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-72488-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2019] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is associated with an increasing mortality and morbidity and is considered as an aggressive brain tumor. Recently, extensive studies have been carried out to examine the molecular biology of GBM, and the progression of GBM has been suggested to be correlated with the tumor immunophenotype in a variety of studies. Samples in the current study were extracted from the ImmPort and TCGA databases to identify immune-related genes affecting GBM prognosis. A total of 92 immune-related genes displaying a significant correlation with prognosis were mined, and a shrinkage estimate was conducted on them. Among them, the 14 most representative genes showed a marked correlation with patient prognosis, and LASSO and stepwise regression analysis was carried out to further identify the genes for the construction of a predictive GBM prognosis model. Then, samples in training and test cohorts were incorporated into the model and divided to evaluate the efficiency, stability, and accuracy of the model to predict and classify the prognosis of patients and to identify the relevant immune features according to the median value of RiskScore (namely, Risk-H and Risk-L). In addition, the constructed model was able to instruct clinicians in diagnosis and prognosis prediction for various immunophenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueran Chen
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Medical Physics and Technology, Institute of Health and Medical Technology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 350, Shushan Hu Road, Hefei, 230031, Anhui, China. .,Department of Molecular Pathology, Hefei Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 350, Shushan Hu Road, Hefei, 230031, Anhui, China.
| | - Xiaoqing Fan
- The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China (USTC), No. 17, Lujiang Road, Hefei, 230001, Anhui, China.,Department of Anesthesiology, Anhui Provincial Hospital, No. 17, Lujiang Road, Hefei, 230001, Anhui, China
| | - Chenggang Zhao
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Medical Physics and Technology, Institute of Health and Medical Technology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 350, Shushan Hu Road, Hefei, 230031, Anhui, China.,University of Science and Technology of China, No. 96, Jin Zhai Road, Hefei, 230026, Anhui, China
| | - Zhiyang Zhao
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Medical Physics and Technology, Institute of Health and Medical Technology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 350, Shushan Hu Road, Hefei, 230031, Anhui, China.,University of Science and Technology of China, No. 96, Jin Zhai Road, Hefei, 230026, Anhui, China
| | - Lizhu Hu
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Medical Physics and Technology, Institute of Health and Medical Technology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 350, Shushan Hu Road, Hefei, 230031, Anhui, China.,University of Science and Technology of China, No. 96, Jin Zhai Road, Hefei, 230026, Anhui, China
| | - Delong Wang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China (USTC), No. 17, Lujiang Road, Hefei, 230001, Anhui, China.,Department of Anesthesiology, Anhui Provincial Hospital, No. 17, Lujiang Road, Hefei, 230001, Anhui, China
| | - Ruiting Wang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China (USTC), No. 17, Lujiang Road, Hefei, 230001, Anhui, China.,Department of Anesthesiology, Anhui Provincial Hospital, No. 17, Lujiang Road, Hefei, 230001, Anhui, China
| | - Zhiyou Fang
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Medical Physics and Technology, Institute of Health and Medical Technology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 350, Shushan Hu Road, Hefei, 230031, Anhui, China.,Department of Molecular Pathology, Hefei Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 350, Shushan Hu Road, Hefei, 230031, Anhui, China
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9
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Pruteanu LL, Kopanitsa L, Módos D, Kletnieks E, Samarova E, Bender A, Gomez LD, Bailey DS. Transcriptomics predicts compound synergy in drug and natural product treated glioblastoma cells. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0239551. [PMID: 32946518 PMCID: PMC7500592 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0239551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Pathway analysis is an informative method for comparing and contrasting drug-induced gene expression in cellular systems. Here, we define the effects of the marine natural product fucoxanthin, separately and in combination with the prototypic phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) inhibitor LY-294002, on gene expression in a well-established human glioblastoma cell system, U87MG. Under conditions which inhibit cell proliferation, LY-294002 and fucoxanthin modulate many pathways in common, including the retinoblastoma, DNA damage, DNA replication and cell cycle pathways. In sharp contrast, we see profound differences in the expression of genes characteristic of pathways such as apoptosis and lipid metabolism, contributing to the development of a differentiated and distinctive drug-induced gene expression signature for each compound. Furthermore, in combination, fucoxanthin synergizes with LY-294002 in inhibiting the growth of U87MG cells, suggesting complementarity in their molecular modes of action and pointing to further treatment combinations. The synergy we observe between the dietary nutraceutical fucoxanthin and the synthetic chemical LY-294002 in producing growth arrest in glioblastoma, illustrates the potential of nutri-pharmaceutical combinations in targeting this challenging disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lavinia-Lorena Pruteanu
- IOTA Pharmaceuticals Ltd, St Johns Innovation Centre, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- * E-mail: (LLP); (DSB)
| | - Liliya Kopanitsa
- IOTA Pharmaceuticals Ltd, St Johns Innovation Centre, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Dezső Módos
- Department of Chemistry, Centre for Molecular Informatics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Edgars Kletnieks
- Department of Chemistry, Centre for Molecular Informatics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Elena Samarova
- IOTA Pharmaceuticals Ltd, St Johns Innovation Centre, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Andreas Bender
- Department of Chemistry, Centre for Molecular Informatics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Leonardo Dario Gomez
- Department of Biology, Centre for Novel Agricultural Products, University of York, York, United Kingdom
| | - David Stanley Bailey
- IOTA Pharmaceuticals Ltd, St Johns Innovation Centre, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- * E-mail: (LLP); (DSB)
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UBE2T promotes glioblastoma invasion and migration via stabilizing GRP78 and regulating EMT. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:10275-10289. [PMID: 32491994 PMCID: PMC7346020 DOI: 10.18632/aging.103239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) generally has a dismal prognosis, and it is associated with a poor quality of life as the disease progresses. However, the development of effective therapies for GBM has been deficient. Ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2T (UBE2T) is a member of the E2 family in the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway and a vital regulator of tumour progression, but its role in GBM is unclear. In this study, we aimed to clarify the role of UBE2T in GBM. Bioinformatics analysis identified UBE2T as an independent risk factor for gliomas. Immunohistochemistry was used to measure UBE2T expression in GBM and normal tissue samples obtained from patients with GBM. The effects of UBE2T on GBM cell invasion and migration were analysed using the Transwell assay. BALB/c nude mice were used for the in vivo assays. Immunoblotting and immunoprecipitation were performed to determine the molecular mechanisms. UBE2T was highly expressed in GBM tissues, and its expression was linked to a poor prognosis. In vitro, depletion of UBE2T significantly suppressed cell invasion and migration. Moreover, UBE2T depletion suppressed the growth of GBM subcutaneous tumours in vivo. Further experiments revealed that UBE2T suppressed invasion and migration by regulating epithelial- mesenchymal transition (EMT) via stabilising GRP78 in GBM cells. We uncovered a novel UBE2T/GRP78/EMT regulatory axis that modulates the malignant progression and recurrence of GBM, indicating that the axis might be a valuable therapeutic target.
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Han B, Meng X, Wu P, Li Z, Li S, Zhang Y, Zha C, Ye Q, Jiang C, Cai J, Jiang T. ATRX/EZH2 complex epigenetically regulates FADD/PARP1 axis, contributing to TMZ resistance in glioma. Am J Cancer Res 2020; 10:3351-3365. [PMID: 32194873 PMCID: PMC7053195 DOI: 10.7150/thno.41219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2019] [Accepted: 01/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Rationale: Glioma is the most common primary malignant brain tumor in adults. Chemoresistance of temozolomide (TMZ), the first-line chemotherapeutic agent, is a major issue in the management of patients with glioma. Alterations of alpha thalassemia/mental retardation syndrome X-linked (ATRX) gene constitute one of the most prevalent genetic abnormalities in gliomas. Therefore, elucidation of the role of ATRX contributing to TMZ resistance in glioma is urgently needed. Methods: We performed the bioinformatics analysis of gene expression, and DNA methylation profiling, as well as RNA and ChIP-seq data sets. CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing system was used to achieve the ATRX knockout in TMZ resistant cells. In vitro and in vivo experiments were carried out to investigate the role of ATRX contributing to TMZ resistance in glioma. Results: We found that ATRX expression was upregulated via DNA demethylation mediated by STAT5b/TET2 complex and strengthened DNA damage repair by stabilizing PARP1 protein in TMZ resistant cells. ATRX elicited PARP1 stabilization by the down-regulating of FADD expression via the H3K27me3 enrichment, which was dependent on ATRX/EZH2 complex in TMZ resistant cells. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed that the PARP inhibitor together with TMZ inhibited glioma growth in ATRX wild type TMZ resistant intracranial xenograft models. Conclusions: The present study further illustrated the novel mechanism of the ATRX/PARP1 axis contributing to TMZ resistance. Our results provided substantial new evidence that PARP inhibitor might be a potential adjuvant agent in overcoming ATRX mediated TMZ resistance in glioma.
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Meel MH, Kaspers GJL, Hulleman E. Preclinical therapeutic targets in diffuse midline glioma. Drug Resist Updat 2019; 44:15-25. [PMID: 31202081 DOI: 10.1016/j.drup.2019.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2019] [Revised: 05/29/2019] [Accepted: 06/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Diffuse midline gliomas (DMG) are rapidly fatal tumors of the midbrain in children, characterized by a diffuse growing pattern and high levels of intrinsic resistance to therapy. The location of these tumors, residing behind the blood-brain barrier (BBB), and the limited knowledge about the biology of these tumors, has hindered the development of effective treatment strategies. However, the introduction of diagnostic biopsies and the implementation of autopsy protocols in several large centers world-wide has allowed for a detailed characterization of these rare tumors. This has resulted in the identification of novel therapeutic targets, as well as major advances in understanding the biology of DMG in relation to therapy resistance. We here provide an overview of the cellular pathways and tumor-specific aberrations that have been targeted in preclinical DMG research, and discuss the advantages and limitations of these therapeutic strategies in relation to therapy resistance and BBB-penetration. Therewith, we aim to provide researchers with a framework for successful preclinical therapy development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michaël Hananja Meel
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Emma Children's Hospital, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Pediatric Oncology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Gertjan J L Kaspers
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Emma Children's Hospital, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Pediatric Oncology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Esther Hulleman
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Emma Children's Hospital, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Pediatric Oncology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
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Role of protein arginine methyltransferase 5 in human cancers. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 114:108790. [PMID: 30903920 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.108790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2019] [Revised: 03/09/2019] [Accepted: 03/13/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Protein arginine methyltransferases (PRMTs) play important roles in protein methylation. PRMT5 is the major type II arginine methyltransferase that catalyzes the transfer of two methyl groups symmetrically to the arginine residues of either histone or non-histone proteins. In recent years, increasing evidence has shown that PRMT5, as an oncogene, plays an indispensable regulatory role in the pathological progression of several human cancers by promoting the proliferation, invasion, and migration of cancer cells. PRMT5 is overexpressed in many malignant tumors and plays an important role in the occurrence and development of cancer, which suggests that PRMT5 may become a potential biomarker or therapeutic target of cancer. This article reviews the biological function, mechanism, and clinical significance of PRMT5 in tumorigenesis.
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Zanders ED, Svensson F, Bailey DS. Therapy for glioblastoma: is it working? Drug Discov Today 2019; 24:1193-1201. [PMID: 30878561 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2019.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2018] [Revised: 02/06/2019] [Accepted: 03/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) remains one of the most intransigent of cancers, with a median overall survival of only 15 months after diagnosis. Drug treatments have largely proven ineffective; it is thought that this is related to the heterogeneous nature and plasticity of GBM-initiating stem cell lineages. Although many combination drug therapies are being positioned to address tumour heterogeneity, the most promising therapeutic approaches for GBM to date appear to be those targeting GBM by vaccination or antibody- and cell-based immunotherapy. We review the most recent clinical trials for GBM and discuss the role of adaptive clinical trials in developing personalised treatment strategies to address intra- and inter-tumoral heterogeneity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward D Zanders
- IOTA Pharmaceuticals Ltd, St John's Innovation Centre, Cowley Road, Cambridge CB4 0WS, UK
| | - Fredrik Svensson
- IOTA Pharmaceuticals Ltd, St John's Innovation Centre, Cowley Road, Cambridge CB4 0WS, UK
| | - David S Bailey
- IOTA Pharmaceuticals Ltd, St John's Innovation Centre, Cowley Road, Cambridge CB4 0WS, UK.
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