1
|
Barberis N, Calaresi D, Cannavò M, Verrastro V. Trait emotional intelligence and quality of life in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: Dysmorphic concerns and general distress as mediators. Compr Psychiatry 2023; 122:152373. [PMID: 36739836 DOI: 10.1016/j.comppsych.2023.152373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2022] [Revised: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrine disorder among women. It is characterised by a variety of symptoms that can seriously impair one's health-related quality of life (HRQoL). Dysmorphic concerns and general distress appear to be related to the development of HRQoL issues, whilst trait emotional intelligence (trait EI) has been significantly linked to better adaptability to chronic conditions. The present study sought to test the hypothesis that an association between trait EI and HRQoL in individuals with PCOS would be mediated by dysmorphic concerns and to examine their relationship with general distress (depression, anxiety, and stress). METHODS Questionnaires were administered to 478 individuals with PCOS to analyse trait EI, dysmorphic concerns, general distress, and HRQoL. RESULTS The results indicated that trait EI was negatively associated with dysmorphic concerns and general distress; dysmorphic concerns were positively related to general distress; dysmorphic concerns and general distress were negatively related to HRQoL; and dysmorphic concerns and general distress had a mediating role in the relationship between trait EI and HRQoL. CONCLUSION The results suggest that individuals with PCOS may have a lower HRQoL and high levels of trait EI may represent a protective factor against poor HRQoL. The implications for clinical practice are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Barberis
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, Università degli Studi Magna Graecia di Catanzaro, Catanzaro, IT, Italy.
| | - Danilo Calaresi
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, Università degli Studi Magna Graecia di Catanzaro, Catanzaro, IT, Italy.
| | - Marco Cannavò
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, Università degli Studi Magna Graecia di Catanzaro, Catanzaro, IT, Italy.
| | - Valeria Verrastro
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, Università degli Studi Magna Graecia di Catanzaro, Catanzaro, IT, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
The relationship between emotional intelligence and eating disorders or disordered eating behaviors: A meta-analysis. PERSONALITY AND INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2021.111239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
|
3
|
Peláez-Fernández MA, Romero-Mesa J, Extremera N. From Deficits in Emotional Intelligence to Eating Disorder Symptoms: A Sequential Path Analysis Approach Through Self-Esteem and Anxiety. Front Psychol 2021; 12:713070. [PMID: 34484070 PMCID: PMC8416284 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.713070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Past studies have reported emotional intelligence (EI) as a relevant factor in development and maintenance of eating disorders (ED), as well as in increasing self-esteem and reducing anxiety. Similarly, research has showed that anxiety and self-esteem are positively and negatively associated to ED criteria, respectively. However, no prior studies have yet tested the multiple intervening roles of both self-esteem and anxiety as potential mediators of the association between EI and ED symptomatology. The present study aims to bridge these gaps by testing a sequential path model. Specifically, we examine the potential sequential mediation effects of self-esteem-anxiety on the link between EI and ED. A sample composed of 516 Spanish undergraduate students and community adults completed measures of EI, self-esteem, anxiety, and ED symptomatology. The results show that high levels of EI were positively associated with self-esteem and negatively associated with anxiety and ED symptoms. Anxiety was positively associated to ED symptoms, while self-esteem levels were negatively linked to ED symptoms. Moreover, path analyses showed that self-esteem and anxiety fully mediated the relationship between EI and ED symptoms in sequence. These findings suggest that EI plays a key role in reducing symptomatology of ED through increased self-esteem and reduced anxiety symptoms, providing novel evidence regarding psychological mechanisms through which EI contributes to a reduction of ED symptomatology. Implications for assessing and improving these psychological resources in ED preventive programs are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- María Angeles Peláez-Fernández
- Department of Social Psychology, Social Work, Social Anthropology, and East Asian Studies, Faculty of Psychology, University of Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Juana Romero-Mesa
- Department of Social Psychology, Social Work, Social Anthropology, and East Asian Studies, Faculty of Psychology, University of Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Natalio Extremera
- Department of Social Psychology, Social Work, Social Anthropology, and East Asian Studies, Faculty of Psychology, University of Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Romero-Mesa J, Peláez-Fernández MA, Extremera N. Emotional intelligence and eating disorders: a systematic review. Eat Weight Disord 2021; 26:1287-1301. [PMID: 32734465 DOI: 10.1007/s40519-020-00968-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Accepted: 07/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prior research indicates that deficits in emotional abilities are key predictors of the onset and maintenance of eating disorders (ED). As a relatively new emotion-related construct, emotional intelligence (EI) comprises a set of basic emotional abilities. Preliminary research suggests that deficits in EI are linked with disordered eating and other impulsive behaviours. Also, previous research reveals that emotional and socio-cognitive abilities, as well as ED symptomatology, varies across lifespan development. However, while the findings suggest promising results for the development of potential effective treatments for emotional deficits and disordered eating, it is difficult to summarise the relationship between EI and ED due to the diversity of theoretical approaches and variety of EI and ED measures. OBJECTIVE Our study, therefore, aimed to systematically review the current evidence on EI and ED in both the general and clinical populations and across different developmental stages. METHODS The databases examined were Medline, PsycInfo and Scopus, and 15 eligible articles were identified. Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines were used. RESULTS All the studies reviewed indicated negative associations between EI and the dimensions of ED. Additionally, several mechanisms involved, namely adaptability, stress tolerance and emotional regulation were highlighted. CONCLUSION The systematic review suggests promising but challenging preliminary evidence of the associations between EI and the dimensions of ED across diverse stages of development. In addition, future research, practical implications and limitations are discussed. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE I Systematic review.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juana Romero-Mesa
- Department of Social Psychology, Social Work, Social Anthropology and East Asian Studies, Faculty of Psychology and Logopedics, University of Málaga, Campus de Teatinos, s/n. 29071, Málaga, Spain
| | - María Angeles Peláez-Fernández
- Department of Social Psychology, Social Work, Social Anthropology and East Asian Studies, Faculty of Psychology and Logopedics, University of Málaga, Campus de Teatinos, s/n. 29071, Málaga, Spain.
| | - Natalio Extremera
- Department of Social Psychology, Social Work, Social Anthropology and East Asian Studies, Faculty of Psychology and Logopedics, University of Málaga, Campus de Teatinos, s/n. 29071, Málaga, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
The Relationship between Emotional Intelligence, Obesity and Eating Disorder in Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Mapping Review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18042054. [PMID: 33672443 PMCID: PMC7923289 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18042054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Revised: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Eating and weight disorders often develop early in life and cause a long-standing significant health burden. Given the documented role of emotional intelligence (EI) in shaping the body image and predicting the onset of eating disorders, knowledge of the mechanisms involved in EI among youth is fundamental to designing specific interventions for screening and prevention of obesity and eating disorders (EDs). The present systematic mapping review was aimed to explore and quantify the nature and distribution of existing research investigating the impact of EI on EDs in young people. A systematic search for relevant articles was conducted using PubMed, Scopus, PsycINFO and Web of Science databases. The Appraisal tool for Cross-Sectional Studies (AXIS) was used to assess the included studies’ methodological quality. The included studies’ results were mapped based on stratification by age groups (children, preadolescents, and adolescents), population (clinical vs. non-clinical) and disordered eating outcomes. Nine studies were included, supporting the association between EI and body image dissatisfaction, ED risk and bulimic symptomatology, but not with anorexic symptoms. Research on children and clinical populations was scant. Further studies are needed to deepen the role of EI in the genesis and maintenance of EDs.
Collapse
|
6
|
Peña-Sarrionandia A, Mikolajczak M, Gross JJ. Corrigendum: Integrating emotion regulation and emotional intelligence traditions: a meta-analysis. Front Psychol 2019; 10:2610. [PMID: 31824385 PMCID: PMC6891968 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2019.02610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2019] [Accepted: 11/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ainize Peña-Sarrionandia
- Faculty of Psychology, Department of Personality, Evaluation and Psychological Treatments, University of the Basque Country, Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Moïra Mikolajczak
- Department of Psychology, Research Unit for Emotion Cognition and Health, Université Catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - James J Gross
- Department of Psychology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Foye U, Hazlett DE, Irving P. 'The body is a battleground for unwanted and unexpressed emotions': exploring eating disorders and the role of emotional intelligence. Eat Disord 2019; 27:321-342. [PMID: 30235074 DOI: 10.1080/10640266.2018.1517520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Emotional difficulties have been observed in individuals with eating disorders across awide range of studies, including poor interoceptive awareness, confusion of emotional states and difficulties with emotional language. Literature has linked these difficulties with emotional functioning as being an important factor related to the core aetiology ofeating disorders, however limited knowledge exists to how this impacts on professionalability to engage patients within treatment as a result of such dysfunction. Using aqualitative design this paper explores how facets of Emotional intelligence (EI) are related to the experience of an eating disorder. The study sampled a total of 32 participants with either a professional background working with eating disorders (n=27)or participants with personal lived experience (n=5), with a number of the participants (n=13) identified as having dual roles. The findings of the study show that aspects of EIsuch as emotional regulation and lack of an emotional language are considered to beat the core of the onset and maintenance of these disorders. Additional aspects of emotional awareness and expression were found to be related to treatment disengagement and difficulties. Building on previous literature, this paper found suchemotional deficits as a transdiagnostic issue rather than specifically anorexia nervosa. Furthermore, such dysfunction was seen by professionals to have a considerable impact on therapeutic relationships and successful treatment. These findings provide insight into the potential applications that EI may have in addressing aspects of theeating disorder to create better outcomes for treatment and intervention models.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Una Foye
- a Centre for Psychiatry, Wolfston Institute of Preventative Medicine, Charterhouse Square , Queen Mary University , London , United Kingdom.,b Centre for Mental Health Research , School of Health Sciences, City University of London , London , United Kingdom
| | - Diane E Hazlett
- c Centre of Higher Education Research and Practice , Ulster University , Newtownabbey , United Kingdom
| | - Pauline Irving
- d Faculty of Social Sciences , Ulster University , Newtownabbey , United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Vesely Maillefer A, Udayar S, Fiori M. Enhancing the Prediction of Emotionally Intelligent Behavior: The PAT Integrated Framework Involving Trait EI, Ability EI, and Emotion Information Processing. Front Psychol 2018; 9:1078. [PMID: 30013496 PMCID: PMC6036374 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2018.01078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2018] [Accepted: 06/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Emotional Intelligence (EI) has been conceptualized in the literature either as a dispositional tendency, in line with a personality trait (trait EI; Petrides and Furnham, 2001), or as an ability, moderately correlated with general intelligence (ability EI; Mayer and Salovey, 1997). Surprisingly, there have been few empirical attempts conceptualizing how the different EI approaches should be related to each other. However, understanding how the different approaches of EI may be interwoven and/or complementary is of primary importance for clarifying the conceptualization of EI and organizing the literature around it. We introduce a theoretical framework explaining how trait EI, ability EI, and emotion information processing – a novel component related to EI recently introduced in the literature (e.g., Fiori and Vesely Maillefer, 2018) – may contribute to effective emotion-related performance and provide initial evidence supporting its usefulness in predicting EI-related outcomes. More specifically, we show that performance in a task in which participants had to infer the mental and emotional states of others, namely a Theory of Mind task, was predicted jointly (e.g., interaction effects) by trait EI, ability EI, and emotion information processing, after controlling for personality and IQ (N = 323). Our results argue for the importance of investigating the joint contribution of different aspects of EI in explaining variability in emotionally laden outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Shagini Udayar
- Department of Organizational Behavior, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.,Swiss National Centre of Competence in Research LIVES, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Marina Fiori
- Department of Organizational Behavior, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
The role of trait emotional intelligence in body dissatisfaction and eating disorder symptoms in preadolescents and adolescents. PERSONALITY AND INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2017.12.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
|
10
|
Maria AS, Bourdier L, Duclos J, Ringuenet D, Berthoz S. Psychometric properties of the French version of a scale measuring perceived emotional intelligence : the Trait Meta-Mood Scale (TMMS). CANADIAN JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY. REVUE CANADIENNE DE PSYCHIATRIE 2016; 61:652-62. [PMID: 27310229 PMCID: PMC5348089 DOI: 10.1177/0706743716639936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The Trait Meta-Mood Scale (TMMS), a 30-item self-assessment questionnaire, has been developed to measure perceived emotional intelligence (EI) level in 3 dimensions: Attention, Clarity and Repair. This study aimed to explore the psychometric properties of the French version of this instrument. METHOD The instrument factor structure, normality, internal consistency, stability and concurrent validity were assessed in a sample of 824 young adults (456 female). Besides TMMS, participants completed self-assessment questionnaires for affectivity (Shortened Beck Depression Inventory, State and Trait Anxiety Inventory, Positive and Negative emotion scale), alexithymia (Bermond-Vorst Alexithymia Questionnaire-B) and interpersonal functioning (Empathy Quotient). Discriminant validity was tested in 64 female patients with anorexia nervosa, identified in literature as having difficulties with introspection, expression and emotional regulation. RESULTS Confirmatory factor analysis results replicate the 3-factor structure. Internal consistency and reliability indices are adequate. Direction and degree of correlation coefficients between TMMS dimensions and other questionnaires support the instrument concurrent validity. TMMS allows to highlight differences in perceived EI levels between men and women (Attention: p < 0.001 ; Clarity: p < 0.05) as well as between patients with anorexia nervosa and control subjects (p < 0.001 for all 3 dimensions). CONCLUSION This first validation study shows satisfying psychometric properties for TMMS French version.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anne-Solène Maria
- Unité de traitement des Troubles des Conduites Alimentaires, Département de Psychiatrie et d'Addictologie, Hôpital Universitaire Paul Brousse, Villejuif, France Centre de recherche en épidémiologie et santé des populations (CESP), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Villejuif, France Institut Mutualiste Montsouris, Département de Psychiatrie de l'Adolescent et du Jeune Adulte, Paris, France
| | - Léna Bourdier
- Université Paris Ouest Nanterre La Défense, Nanterre, France
| | - Jeanne Duclos
- Centre de recherche en épidémiologie et santé des populations (CESP), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Villejuif, France Institut Mutualiste Montsouris, Département de Psychiatrie de l'Adolescent et du Jeune Adulte, Paris, France Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Laboratoire Cognition, Santé, Socialisation, Reims, France
| | - Damien Ringuenet
- Unité de traitement des Troubles des Conduites Alimentaires, Département de Psychiatrie et d'Addictologie, Hôpital Universitaire Paul Brousse, Villejuif, France Centre de recherche en épidémiologie et santé des populations (CESP), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Villejuif, France
| | - Sylvie Berthoz
- Centre de recherche en épidémiologie et santé des populations (CESP), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Villejuif, France Institut Mutualiste Montsouris, Département de Psychiatrie de l'Adolescent et du Jeune Adulte, Paris, France
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Emotional availability, understanding emotions, and recognition of facial emotions in obese mothers with young children. J Psychosom Res 2016; 80:44-52. [PMID: 26721547 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychores.2015.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2015] [Revised: 11/12/2015] [Accepted: 11/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Recent research has identified mother-child relationships of low quality as possible risk factors for childhood obesity. However, it remains open how mothers' own obesity influences the quality of mother-child interaction, and particularly emotional availability (EA). Also unclear is the influence of maternal emotional competencies, i.e. understanding emotions and recognizing facial emotions. This study aimed to (1) investigate differences between obese and normal-weight mothers regarding mother-child EA, maternal understanding emotions and recognition of facial emotions, and (2) explore how maternal emotional competencies and maternal weight interact with each other in predicting EA. A better understanding of these associations could inform strategies of obesity prevention especially in children at risk. METHODS We assessed EA, understanding emotions and recognition of facial emotions in 73 obese versus 73 normal-weight mothers, and their children aged 6 to 47 months (Mchild age=24.49, 80 females). RESULTS Obese mothers showed lower EA and understanding emotions. Mothers' normal weight and their ability to understand emotions were positively associated with EA. The ability to recognize facial emotions was positively associated with EA in obese but not in normal-weight mothers. Maternal weight status indirectly influenced EA through its effect on understanding emotions. CONCLUSION Maternal emotional competencies may play an important role for establishing high EA in interaction with the child. Children of obese mothers experience lower EA, which may contribute to overweight development. We suggest including elements that aim to improve maternal emotional competencies and mother-child EA in prevention or intervention programmes targeting childhood obesity.
Collapse
|
12
|
Peña-Sarrionandia A, Mikolajczak M, Gross JJ. Integrating emotion regulation and emotional intelligence traditions: a meta-analysis. Front Psychol 2015; 6:160. [PMID: 25759676 PMCID: PMC4338658 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2015.00160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 164] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2014] [Accepted: 02/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Two relatively independent research traditions have developed that address emotion management. The first is the emotion regulation (ER) tradition, which focuses on the processes which permit individuals to influence which emotions they have, when they have them, and how they experience and express these emotions. The second is the emotional intelligence (EI) tradition, which focuses—among other things—on individual differences in ER. To integrate these two traditions, we employed the process model of ER (Gross, 1998b) to review the literature on EI. Two key findings emerged. First, high EI individuals shape their emotions from the earliest possible point in the emotion trajectory and have many strategies at their disposal. Second, high EI individuals regulate their emotions successfully when necessary but they do so flexibly, thereby leaving room for emotions to emerge. We argue that ER and EI traditions stand to benefit substantially from greater integration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ainize Peña-Sarrionandia
- Faculty of Psychology, Department of Personality, Evaluation and Psychological Treatments, University of the Basque Country Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Moïra Mikolajczak
- Department of Psychology, Research Unit for Emotion Cognition and Health, Université Catholique de Louvain Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - James J Gross
- Department of Psychology, Standford University Standford, USA
| |
Collapse
|