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Pang RD, Morales JC, Smith KE, Murray SB, Dunton GF, Mason TB. Daily ovarian hormone exposure and loss of control eating in adolescent girls: A registered report. Int J Eat Disord 2023; 56:1246-1253. [PMID: 37271969 PMCID: PMC10425159 DOI: 10.1002/eat.23962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The daily biobehavioral factors that precipitate loss of control eating (LOCE) in adolescent girls are not well known. Ovarian hormone levels are key biological factors associated with the etiology of eating disorders in adolescent girls. Yet, models on how daily ovarian hormone exposure predicts LOCE in adolescent girls are underdeveloped. The goal of this study is to examine the daily patterns and mechanisms of ovarian hormone levels on LOCE across the menstrual cycle in adolescent girls and the mediating roles of food-related reward anticipation and response inhibition. Ecological momentary assessment (EMA) paired with daily hormonal sampling will be used to examine (1) daily associations between within-person hormones and LOCE, and (2) the mediating role of within-person food-related reward anticipation and response inhibition. METHODS Normally cycling adolescent girls who have reached menarche will provide daily saliva samples for hormone analysis and complete EMA for 35 days. During EMA, girls will report LOCE and will complete task-based and self-report measures of food-related response inhibition and reward anticipation. DISCUSSION This work has implications for the development of new real-world biobehavioral models of LOCE in adolescent girls, which will guide theory improvements and treatment for LOCE. Results will provide preliminary evidence for treatment targets for novel interventions for adolescent girls-for example, a response inhibition intervention. PUBLIC SIGNIFICANCE Adolescent eating disorders are severe mental health conditions, often marked by loss of control eating. Estrogen and progesterone play a role in the development and persistence of loss of control eating. The current study will examine how daily exposure to estrogen and progesterone predicts loss of control eating in adolescent girls and identify possible daily mechanisms linking estrogen and progesterone exposure and loss of control eating.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raina D Pang
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Jeremy C Morales
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Kathryn E Smith
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Stuart B Murray
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Genevieve F Dunton
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Tyler B Mason
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
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Özel İÇ, Yabancı Ayhan N, Çetiner Ö. Adaptation of Food Craving Inventory to Turkish culture: a validity and reliability study. J Eat Disord 2022; 10:144. [PMID: 36203217 PMCID: PMC9540726 DOI: 10.1186/s40337-022-00667-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The Food Craving Inventory is a 28-item self-report measure of specific food cravings. The inventory consists of 4 factors: high fats, sweets, carbohydrates/starches and fast-food fats. PURPOSE This study was carried out to evaluate the Turkish validity and reliability of the Food Craving Inventory, and to determine the psychometric properties and factor structure of the Turkish version. METHODS The sample of the study consists of 621 individuals between the ages of 19-50 who voluntarily agree to participate in online survey. Validity and reliability analyses were performed for the Turkish version of Food Craving Inventory (FCI-TR). Confirmatory factor analysis was performed to evaluate the factor structure of the Turkish version of FCI. RESULTS Confirmatory factor analysis yielded a four-factor structure as "sweets," "high-fats," "carbohydrates/starches" and "fast food fats". The Cronbach-alpha coefficient for the total score was 0.84; subfactors were calculated as 0.74 for "sweets", 0.64 for "high-fat foods", 0.65 for "carbohydrates/starches", and 0.66 for "fast-food fats". The scores of the FCI-TR factors and its total score significantly correlated with the sub-factors of Three Factor Eating Questionnaire (TFEQ). A significant correlation was found between body mass index (BMI) and high fats and fast-food fats factor score. Also total and factor scores of the FCI-TR were different between BMI groups. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrates that the Turkish version of the FCI is a valid and reliable tool to measure food cravings in the Turkish population. FCI is also correlated with sub-factors of TFEQ.
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Affiliation(s)
- İrem Çağla Özel
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Atılım University, Ankara, Turkey. .,Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Institute of Health Sciences, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Nurcan Yabancı Ayhan
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Özlem Çetiner
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Atılım University, Ankara, Turkey.,Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Institute of Health Sciences, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
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Sheck I, Tilchin C, Wagner J, Epstein DH, Burgess-Hull A, Jennings JM. Acceptability and Feasibility of Geographically Explicit Ecological Momentary Assessment Among Men Who Have Sex with Men. ARCHIVES OF SEXUAL BEHAVIOR 2022; 51:2429-2436. [PMID: 34779979 PMCID: PMC9294007 DOI: 10.1007/s10508-021-02159-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Revised: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Syphilis among men who have sex with men (MSM) has increased greatly in the past twenty years in the U.S. Geographically explicit ecological momentary assessment (GEMA), in which behaviors are geotagged and contextualized in time and space, may contribute to a greater understanding of transmission risk. The objective was to determine the acceptability and feasibility of GEMA for assessing HIV and syphilis transmission risk behaviors among a sample of MSM. Participants responded to a brief survey five times a day for two weeks. Feasibility was measured by participant recruitment, enrollment, prompts received and answered, geotagged prompts, and technical interference with data collection. Acceptability was measured by ratings of enjoyment and willingness for future participation. Summaries of five behavioral measures from the brief survey were calculated. Among the 83 participants contacted, 67.5% (56) expressed interest, 98% (55) were scheduled, and 81.8% (45) were enrolled. Participants answered 78.3% (2,277) of prompts received and 87.7% (1,998) of answered prompts were geotagged. Overall, 70.5% (31) enjoyed participating and 91.1% (41) were willing to participate in the future. Among prompts answered, missingness was low for five behavioral measures (range 0.2% (4) to 0.7% (16)). Feasibility and acceptability were high and missingness was low on behavioral measures in this MSM study population. Most participants reported that they would participate again. Future work should focus on whether GEMA improves our understanding of syphilis and HIV transmission risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabelle Sheck
- Center for Child and Community Health Research (CCHR), Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University Bayview Medical Center, 5200 Eastern Avenue, Mason F. Lord Bldg, Suite 4200, Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA
| | - Carla Tilchin
- Center for Child and Community Health Research (CCHR), Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University Bayview Medical Center, 5200 Eastern Avenue, Mason F. Lord Bldg, Suite 4200, Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA
- Department of Health, Behavior and Society, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Jessica Wagner
- Center for Child and Community Health Research (CCHR), Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University Bayview Medical Center, 5200 Eastern Avenue, Mason F. Lord Bldg, Suite 4200, Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA
- Department of Health, Behavior and Society, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - David H Epstein
- Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Drug Abuse, The Johns Hopkins University Bayview Medical Center, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Albert Burgess-Hull
- Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Drug Abuse, The Johns Hopkins University Bayview Medical Center, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Jacky M Jennings
- Center for Child and Community Health Research (CCHR), Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University Bayview Medical Center, 5200 Eastern Avenue, Mason F. Lord Bldg, Suite 4200, Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA.
- Department of Health, Behavior and Society, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA.
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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Gallucci A, Del Mauro L, Pisoni A, Lauro LJR, Mattavelli G. A Systematic Review Of Implicit Attitudes And Their Neural Correlates In Eating Behaviour. Soc Cogn Affect Neurosci 2020; 18:nsaa156. [PMID: 33219691 PMCID: PMC10074774 DOI: 10.1093/scan/nsaa156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Revised: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
An increasing number of studies suggests that implicit attitudes toward food and body shape predict eating behaviour and characterize patients with eating disorders (EDs). However, literature has not been previously analysed, thus differences between patients with EDs and healthy controls and the level of automaticity of the processes involved in implicit attitudes are still matters of debate. The present systematic review aimed to synthetize current evidence from papers investigating implicit attitudes towards food and body in healthy and EDs populations. PubMed, EMBASE (Ovid), PsycINFO, Web of Science and Scopus were systematically screened and 183 studies using different indirect paradigms were included in the qualitative analysis. The majority of studies reported negative attitudes towards overweight/obese body images in healthy and EDs samples and weight bias as a diffuse stereotypical evaluation. Implicit food attitudes are consistently reported as valid predictors of eating behaviour. Few studies on the neurobiological correlates showed neurostimulation effects on implicit attitudes, but the automaticity at brain level of implicit evaluations remains an open area of research. In conclusion, implicit attitudes are relevant measures of eating behaviour in healthy and clinical settings, although evidence about their neural correlates is limited.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessia Gallucci
- Ph.D. Program in Neuroscience, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Via Cadore, 48--20900, Monza, Italy
- NeuroMi (Neuroscience Center), University of Milano-Bicocca, Piazza dell'Ateneo Nuovo, 1--20126, Milan, Italy
| | - Lilia Del Mauro
- Department of Psychology, University of Milano-Bicocca, Piazza dell'Ateneo Nuovo, 1--20126, Milan, Italy
| | - Alberto Pisoni
- NeuroMi (Neuroscience Center), University of Milano-Bicocca, Piazza dell'Ateneo Nuovo, 1--20126, Milan, Italy
- Department of Psychology, University of Milano-Bicocca, Piazza dell'Ateneo Nuovo, 1--20126, Milan, Italy
| | - Leonor J Romero Lauro
- NeuroMi (Neuroscience Center), University of Milano-Bicocca, Piazza dell'Ateneo Nuovo, 1--20126, Milan, Italy
- Department of Psychology, University of Milano-Bicocca, Piazza dell'Ateneo Nuovo, 1--20126, Milan, Italy
| | - Giulia Mattavelli
- NETS, School of Advanced Studies, IUSS, Piazza della Vittoria n.15, 27100, Pavia, Italy
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Potential therapeutic applications of the gut microbiome in obesity: from brain function to body detoxification. Int J Obes (Lond) 2020; 44:1818-1831. [PMID: 32523034 DOI: 10.1038/s41366-020-0618-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2019] [Revised: 05/04/2020] [Accepted: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The prevalence of obesity is rising every year and associated comorbidities such as cardiovascular diseases are among the leading causes of death worldwide. The gut microbiota has recently emerged as a potential target for therapeutic applications to prevent and treat those comorbidities. In this review, we focus on three conditions related to obesity in which the use of gut microbiota modulators could have benefits; mood disorders, eating behaviors, and body detoxification of persistent organic pollutants (POPs). On one hand, modulation of gut-derived signals to the brain in a context of obesity is involved in the development of neuroinflammation and can subsequently alter behaviors. An altered gut microbiome could change these signals and alleviate their consequences. On the other hand, obesity is associated with an increased accumulation of lipophilic contaminants, such as POPs. Targeting the microbiota could help body detoxication by reducing bioavailability, enhancing degradation by bioremediation or their excretion through the enterohepatic circulation. Thus, a supplementation of prebiotics, probiotics, or synbiotics could represent a complementary strategy to current ones, such as medication and lifestyle modifications, to decrease depression, alter eating behaviors, and lower body burden of pollutants considering the actual obesity epidemic our society is facing.
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Şengör G, Gezer C. Food addiction and its relationship with disordered eating behaviours and obesity. Eat Weight Disord 2019; 24:1031-1039. [PMID: 30850958 DOI: 10.1007/s40519-019-00662-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2018] [Accepted: 02/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Food addiction, eating disorders and obesity are all mutually reinforcing factors, or factors that can trigger each other. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between food addiction, disordered eating behaviours and obesity. METHODS The study was conducted with 370 university students. Food addiction was assessed using the Yale Food Addiction Scale (YFAS) and disordered eating behaviours were assessed with the Eating Attitude Test (EAT)-26. A digital scale was used to measure weight, while for the measurement of height, waist and hip circumferences a non-stretching tape measure was used according to standard techniques. RESULTS Among the participants, 35.7% scored high on the EAT-26, while 21.1% scored high on the YFAS. Females constituted a higher ratio of those who had high scores on the YFAS and EAT-26 (p < 0.05). Overall, the ratio of YFAS high scorers was higher in the case of EAT-26 high scorers (32.6%) than that of low scorers (14.7%) (p < 0.001). A positive weak relationship existed between YFAS and EAT-26 scores (r = 0.165, p = 0.001) and the same between YFAS scores, weight, and body mass index (r = 0.263, p < 0.001; r = 0.319, p < 0.001, respectively). CONCLUSION In summary, a positive relation was found between food addiction, disordered eating behaviours and body mass index. Females were shown to have a higher risk of food addiction and eating disorders than that of males. Further studies can be carried out to analyze these correlations using a wider range of controlling factors. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Level V, cross-sectional descriptive study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gülhan Şengör
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Eastern Mediterranean University, Famagusta, North Cyprus via Mersin 10, Turkey
| | - Ceren Gezer
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Eastern Mediterranean University, Famagusta, North Cyprus via Mersin 10, Turkey.
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Roefs A, Boh B, Spanakis G, Nederkoorn C, Lemmens LHJM, Jansen A. Food craving in daily life: comparison of overweight and normal-weight participants with ecological momentary assessment. J Hum Nutr Diet 2019; 32:765-774. [PMID: 31430000 PMCID: PMC6899849 DOI: 10.1111/jhn.12693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Background The present study examined food cravings in daily life by comparing overweight and normal‐weight participants right before eating events and at non‐eating moments. It was hypothesised that overweight participants would have (i) more frequent, (ii) stronger and (iii) a greater variety of high‐caloric palatable food cravings, and also would (iv) consume more high‐caloric palatable foods, than normal‐weight participants. Methods Ecological momentary assessment (EMA) was used to assess food craving strength and frequency, variety of specific food cravings, and food intake. Fifty‐seven overweight and 43 normal‐weight adult participants were assessed at eating events and at an average of eight random non‐eating moments per day for 2 weeks. Foods were categorised as: high‐caloric high palatable foods (HCHP), fruits and salads, staple food dishes and sandwiches, and soups and yoghurts. Results Overweight participants reported more frequent HCHP food cravings specifically at non‐eating moments than did normal‐weight participants. Normal‐weight participants reported more food cravings for staple foods, specifically at eating events. Moreover, overweight participants craved a greater variety of HCHP foods than normal‐weight participants at both eating events and random non‐eating moments. No other significant between‐group differences were found. Conclusions The results highlight the importance for obesity interventions (i) to specifically target high‐caloric palatable food cravings that are experienced during the day and are not tied to eating moments and (ii) to aim for a reduction in the variety of high‐caloric palatable food cravings. It might be fruitful to deliver treatment aimed at reducing cravings via mobile devices because this allows for easy individual tailoring and timing of interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Roefs
- Faculty of Psychology & Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - B Boh
- Faculty of Psychology & Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - G Spanakis
- Department of Data Science and Knowledge Engineering, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - C Nederkoorn
- Faculty of Psychology & Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - L H J M Lemmens
- Faculty of Psychology & Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - A Jansen
- Faculty of Psychology & Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
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Use of a Smartphone Application Can Improve Assessment of High-Fat Food Consumption in Overweight Individuals. Nutrients 2018; 10:nu10111692. [PMID: 30404207 PMCID: PMC6266782 DOI: 10.3390/nu10111692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2018] [Revised: 10/26/2018] [Accepted: 10/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We evaluated the feasibility of an application for measuring the frequency of consumption of high-fat foods and compared this application with standard methods. METHODS Twenty-six females and thirty six males aged 20⁻40 were enrolled in Poland. Participants completed the Block Screening Questionnaire for Fat Intake (BSQF; Q1) and a second questionnaire (Q2) with additional high-fat foods. The participants were then monitored for ten days in a real-time manner using a smartphone application that employed the same lists of food as Q2. RESULTS Most subjects (84%) gave replies to at least three prompts on at least 5 days. The results from Q1 and the application were correlated (r = 0.42, p < 0.001). Energy intake and the frequency of consumption of high-fat foods were correlated in the overweight/obese group (r = 0.83, p < 0.001). The mean differences between Q2 and the app were similar in both groups but the agreement limits were wider in the overweight/obese group than in the normal weight group. CONCLUSIONS An application for mobile devices is a feasible tool for capturing the frequency of high-fat food consumption and it seems to improve the measured variable, especially in overweight or obese people.
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