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Bourke SL, McKenna L, Cooper S, Lam L. Contextual determinants impacting final year nursing students' emergency team communication during deteriorating patient simulations: A grounded theory study. NURSE EDUCATION TODAY 2024; 138:106183. [PMID: 38554566 DOI: 10.1016/j.nedt.2024.106183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/01/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ability to focus on development of students' team communication and non-technical skills may be reduced in content saturated nursing curricula. Even when communication and simulation-based education is provided, students' utilisation of non-technical skills remains challenging. Although simulation is a recognised means to learn communication skills, little is known about nursing students' team communication in simulated settings. OBJECTIVE To understand the process by which final year undergraduate nursing students communicate in simulated team emergencies. DESIGN Using constructivist grounded theory, data was collected using semi-structured interviews and student observations and analysed using constant comparative analysis. SETTING Simulation laboratories in one university nursing school in Australia. PARTICIPANTS 21 final year nursing students in seven teams. METHODS Data were gathered from interviews and video observations of final year nursing students during simulated team emergencies. RESULTS Interview data and observations of video-recordings revealed contextual determinants that influence communication within teams: the simulation context, the student context and the team context. Team member characteristics, such as cultural and linguistic background, life experiences, gender and age, the ability to shift from leadership to followership as well as environmental factors such as mask wearing and simulation fidelity, contributed to uncertainty in communicating that nursing team effectiveness. CONCLUSIONS Improvement of contextual conditions necessitates implementation of supportive strategies. These include development of educational initiatives, and further research in experiential learning as a modality for learners to experience team communication. Further, simulation context, student context and team context are important considerations. Meeting clinical communication learning needs of students allows better preparation to care for deteriorating patients as graduates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharon L Bourke
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC 3086, Australia.
| | - Lisa McKenna
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC 3086, Australia.
| | - Simon Cooper
- The Health Innovation and Transformation Centre (HITC), Institute of Health and Wellbeing, Federation University Australia, Berwick Campus, Clyde Road, Berwick, Victoria, Australia.
| | - Louisa Lam
- School of Nursing, Midwifery and Paramedicine (VIC), Faculty of Health Sciences, Australian Catholic University, Victoria Parade, Fitzroy, VIC 3065, Australia.
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Abdelrahman MM, Hashem R, Abo-Seif LMES. Promoting infant safe sleep practices among neonatal and paediatric nurses through simulation-based training program. J Pediatr Nurs 2024:S0882-5963(24)00194-5. [PMID: 38777675 DOI: 10.1016/j.pedn.2024.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the effect of a Simulation-based training (SBT) program on neonatal and paediatric nurses' knowledge regarding infant safe sleep practices. BACKGROUND Sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) presents a major public health concern, preventable through the promotion of optimal safe sleep practices, particularly among neonatal and paediatric nurses. Despite its effectiveness in enhancing nurses' knowledge and clinical skills, SBT is not an adopted training method for nurses in Egypt. DESIGN AND METHODS A single-group pre- and post-test design involved 57 nurses from Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Paediatric Intensive Care Unit, and Paediatric In-patient Unit. The study consisted of two stages. In the first stage, knowledge assessment to identify deficiencies. The second stage, researchers developed four SBT scenarios. Two of these scenarios were recorded for training purposes, while the other two were intended for nurses to actively participate in. Data were collected from May 2022 to January 2023. RESULTS A significant improvement in nurses' knowledge of infant safe sleep practices and SIDS prevention was observed (p = 0.000). Nurses expressed high satisfaction with the training program (mean score 45.035 ± 4.38). CONCLUSION This study provides evidence that simulation-based training is an effective approach to promoting safe infant sleep practices among neonatal and paediatric nurses. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS Integrating SBT programs into nursing education can enhance nurses' knowledge and skills in infant-safe sleep practices, providing a realistic and interactive learning experience.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Reham Hashem
- Paediatric Specialty Registrar, Hinchingbrooke Hospital, United Kingdom
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Shin J, Kim NY. Importance-Performance Analysis of Patient-Safety Nursing in the Operating Room: A Cross-Sectional Study. Risk Manag Healthc Policy 2024; 17:715-725. [PMID: 38559872 PMCID: PMC10981377 DOI: 10.2147/rmhp.s450340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose This study attempted to assess the perceived importance and performance of patient-safety nursing among operating room (OR) nurses and to identify the "concentrate here" level using importance-performance analysis (IPA). The goal was to identify the educational priorities of patient-safety nursing and to use it as foundational data to develop educational programs. Methods The IPA of patient-safety nursing (infection control, patient identification, specimen management, surgical coefficient, medical equipment and supplies, high-alert medicines, and damage prevention) was surveyed online for nurses in general hospitals in Korea, and the data of 47 participants were analyzed. Differences in the importance and performance of patient-safety nursing were analyzed using Wilcoxon signed rank test, and IPA was conducted to identify areas on which improvement efforts should be focused. Results Within the six areas of OR patient-safety nursing, notable differences in importance and performance were observed in infection control and surgical count areas. The IPA revealed specific items that require "concentrate here", including handwashing, checking the cleanliness and sterility of medical equipment, and conducting 5-Rights checks before administering high-alert medications. Conclusion Regular training for OR nurses should encompass preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative infection control, as well as appropriate surgical counts. In particular, training, monitoring, feedback, and intervention should be provided on hand hygiene, sterilization maintenance, and accurate administration of high-alert medications, which are items included in "concentrate here".
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Affiliation(s)
- Jieun Shin
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, College of Medicine, Konyang University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Nam-Yi Kim
- Department of Nursing, Konyang University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
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Jensen JF, Ramos J, Ørom ML, Naver KB, Shiv L, Bunkenborg G, Kodal AM, Skram U. Improving patient's intensive care admission through multidisciplinary simulation-based crisis resource management: A qualitative study. J Clin Nurs 2023; 32:7530-7542. [PMID: 37458172 DOI: 10.1111/jocn.16821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 06/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
AIM To explore nurses' and physicians' experiences of simulation-based training in a crisis resource management quality improvement intervention on intensive care admission. BACKGROUND Quantitative studies have documented that staffs' non-technical skills are improved after simulation-based training in crisis resource management interventions. Experienced-based consensus led to development of a quality improvement intervention based on principles of crisis resource management and tested in simulation-based training to enhance staffs' non-technical skills. However, the impact on staff is unexplored, leaving little understanding of the relationship between simulation-based training in crisis resource management interventions and changes in non-technical skills. DESIGN A qualitative study with a hermeneutical approach. METHODS Data consisted of semi-structured interviews with physicians (n = 5) and nurses (n = 15) with maximum variation in work experience. Data were collected 3 months after implementation and analysed using thematic analysis. The COREQ guideline was applied. RESULTS The analysis revealed three themes: prioritising core clinical activities and patient centredness; transition into practice; and reflection on patient safety. These themes reflected staff's experiences of the intervention and implementation process, which evolved through prioritising core clinical activities that facilitated the transition into clinical practice and staff's reflection on patient safety. CONCLUSIONS Prioritising core clinical activities were facilitated by clear communication, predefined roles and better teamwork. Transition into practice stimulated professional growth through feedback. Reflection on patient safety created a new understanding on how a new structure of intensive care admission could be implemented. Collectively, this indicated a joint understanding of admissions. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE Findings enables health care professionals to understand how the intervention can contribute to improve quality of care in management of intensive care admission. Improving non-technical skills are vital in high-quality admissions, which supported a structured process and a collaborative professional standard of admissions. PATIENT AND PUBLIC CONTRIBUTION None.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janet F Jensen
- Department of Neurology, Zealand University Hospital, Roskilde, Denmark
- Department of Anesthesiology, North Zealand Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Regional Health Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Joanna Ramos
- Department of Anesthesiology, North Zealand Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Thoracic Anaesthesiology, Rigshospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Marie-Louise Ørom
- Department of Anesthesiology, North Zealand Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Kirsten B Naver
- Department of Anesthesiology, North Zealand Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Louise Shiv
- Department of Anesthesiology, North Zealand Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Gitte Bunkenborg
- Department of Regional Health Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
- Department of Cardiology, Zealand University Hospital, Roskilde, Denmark
- Department of Anesthesiology, Holbaek Hospital, Holbaek, Denmark
| | - Anne Marie Kodal
- Department of Anesthesiology, North Zealand Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ulrik Skram
- Department of Anesthesiology, North Zealand Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Song MO, Yun SY, Jang A. Patient Safety Error Reporting Education for Undergraduate Nursing Students: A Scoping Review. J Nurs Educ 2023; 62:489-494. [PMID: 37672496 DOI: 10.3928/01484834-20230712-04] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patient safety error reporting is essential for learning and preventing errors, and nursing students should develop error reporting capabilities through error reporting education. This study examined undergraduate error reporting education to identify a sustainable development direction. METHOD A systematic literature search of three major scientific databases identified nine articles that met the inclusion criteria. Data on error reporting education features and future error reporting education challenges were extracted. RESULTS Eight studies presented content and error levels according to World Health Organization incident type. Simulations and error reporting systems were used frequently as teaching-learning methods. Although most programs involved Level 3 of Kirkpatrick's levels in error reporting education, programs involving innovative thinking for sustainable error reporting education development are lacking. CONCLUSION For more effective error reporting education, active teaching methods such as virtual reality simulations and planning, applying, and evaluating methods for long-term direct clinical error reporting are required. [J Nurs Educ. 2023;62(9):489-494.].
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Lee SE, Repsha C, Seo WJ, Lee SH, Dahinten VS. Room of horrors simulation in healthcare education: A systematic review. NURSE EDUCATION TODAY 2023; 126:105824. [PMID: 37121075 DOI: 10.1016/j.nedt.2023.105824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Revised: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES A room of horrors simulation is one tool that healthcare educators use to improve learners' awareness of patient safety hazards and other critical matters in a safe and controlled environment. This review aimed to summarize research on use of room of horrors simulation in healthcare education, examine its effectiveness, and recommend directions for future education and research. DESIGN A systematic review of the literature. DATA SOURCES Relevant publications in English were identified in PubMed, Embase, CINAHL, Scopus, and dissertation databases, and through a manual search of the reference lists of included articles. REVIEW METHODS The systematic review and its reporting process conformed to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis guidelines. Included articles were evaluated for quality using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool. Two authors independently extracted data from each article, and two additional authors confirmed the accuracy of the extracted data. The "horrors" used in the studies' simulations were mapped into 13 different incident types. RESULTS Sixteen studies were included in the final review. All of them were conducted in Western countries. Simulation scenarios were developed based on existing resources, expert guidance, or patient safety concerns frequently reported at a particular institution. The number of horrors per scenario ranged from nine to 68, with the most common being medication-related and clinical procedure-related incidents. Participants completed a room of horrors simulation as individuals, a team, or both. When competing as a team, the team sizes ranged from two to 11. Studies reported high participant satisfaction. CONCLUSIONS Room of horrors simulation is a useful teaching tool for healthcare students and professionals. However, there is little conclusive evidence about the ideal composition and size of teams, and therefore this merits more research attention, as does attention to the longer term impacts on learners.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung Eun Lee
- Yonsei University College of Nursing, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, 03722 Seoul, South Korea.
| | - Christine Repsha
- Boston College William F. Connell School of Nursing, 140 Commonwealth Avenue, Chestnut Hill, MA 02467, United States of America.
| | - Won Jin Seo
- College of Nursing and Brain Korea 21 FOUR Project, Yonsei University, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, 03722 Seoul, South Korea.
| | - Sang Hwa Lee
- College of Nursing and Brain Korea 21 FOUR Project, Yonsei University, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, 03722 Seoul, South Korea.
| | - V Susan Dahinten
- School of Nursing, University of British Columbia, T-201-2211 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 2B5, Canada.
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Carmack A, Valleru J. Empowering Perioperative Team Members to Speak Up. AORN J 2022; 116:350-357. [PMID: 36165661 DOI: 10.1002/aorn.13794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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The Influence of Nursing Simulation on Patient Outcomes and Patient Safety: A Scoping Review. Clin Simul Nurs 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ecns.2022.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Nowicki M, Berg BW, Okada Y, Yagi MS, Tomisawa T, Kawahara C, Ouchi G, Moritoki Y, Otori T. A Patient Safety Champion Program for Interprofessional Health Care Educators: Implementation and Outcomes. THE JOURNAL OF CONTINUING EDUCATION IN THE HEALTH PROFESSIONS 2022; 42:211-218. [PMID: 35916888 DOI: 10.1097/ceh.0000000000000438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Health care educators are challenged with helping clinicians develop competencies beyond their foundational training. In health care systems where continuing professional development is not integral to practice, clinicians may have few opportunities. We describe the design, implementation, and evaluation of a professional development program in patient safety for Japanese clinical educators to acquire simulation instructional skills and become Patient Safety Champions at their organizations. METHODS Mixed methods were used in a longitudinal pre/post study design. The Kirkpatrick evaluation model was used to evaluate outcomes of a workshop, overall program, on-site training experiences, and impact as Patient Safety Champions. Self-assessment data on skills and knowledge of patient safety, simulation instructional methods, interprofessional collaboration, and leadership were collected and analyzed. RESULTS Eighty-nine percent of participants facilitated on-site patient safety training within 6 months of workshop completion. Skills and knowledge improvement were observed immediately postworkshop in four categories: patient safety, simulation instructional methods, interprofessional collaboration and communication, and leadership as a patient safety champion. Skills and knowledge increased at 6 months after facilitation of on-site safety training. Program mean satisfaction scores ranged from 84% to 92%. Mean Patient Safety Champion in-facility evaluations were 4.2 to 4.7 on a 5-point scale. DISCUSSION High levels of knowledge, skill retention, and behavior change are attributed to goal setting, outcome-oriented pedagogy, and reflective sessions. The Patient Safety Champion model and experiential learning approach gave Japanese clinical educators in medicine, nursing, and pharmacy an opportunity to learn from each other in simulations reflecting the practice environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariko Nowicki
- Dr. Nowicki: Adjunct Faculty, School of Nursing and Health Professions, Chaminade University of Honolulu, Honolulu, HI; previous affiliation Education Specialist/International Program Coordinator at SimTiki Simulation Center, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii where the project was completed, and Founder and Co-President, Japan Pacific Healthcare Alliance, Nara, Japan. Dr. Berg: Professor of Medicine and Director of Simulation at SimTiki Simulation Center, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI. Mr. Okada: Graduate Research Associate, Epidemiology, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI. Dr. Yagi: Adjunct lecture, Medical Education Center, Jichii Medical University, Tochigi, Japan, and Research Fellow, SimTiki Simulation Center, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI. Dr. Tomisawa: Professor, Department of Nursing Sciences, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Aomori, Japan. Dr. Kawahara: Senior Assistant Professor, Simulation Center, Aichi Medical University, Aichi, Japan. Dr. Ouchi: Lecturer, School of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa, Japan, and Adjunct Assistant Professor, SimTiki Simulation Center, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii. Dr. Moritoki: Associate Professor (specially-appointed), Center for Medical Education and Training, Akita University Hospital, Akita, Japan, and Adjunct Assistant Professor, SimTiki Simulation Center, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii. Dr. Otori: Professor, School of Pharmacy, Kindai University, Osaka, Japan, and Founder and Co-President, Japan Pacific Healthcare Alliance
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Dudding KM, Bordelon C, Sanders AN, Shorten A, Wood T, Watts P. Improving Quality in Neonatal Care Through Competency-Based Simulation. Neonatal Netw 2022; 41:159-167. [PMID: 35644362 DOI: 10.1891/nn-2021-0014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Approximately 440,000 patients die each year due to preventable errors. Although human error is inevitable, we can mitigate this risk by enhancing skills and clinical competencies by improving the quality of neonatal care through competency-based simulation. Clinical skills are learned activities necessary to function within an environment. Skills gained during pre-licensure nursing education, on-site clinical training, and experience as a clinical care provider, collectively demonstrate a clinician's overall competence to function within a clinical setting. Simulation is a method of supporting nurses to establish, maintain, and remediate competency-based skills for safe and effective healthcare. Evidence suggests that simulation improve clinical skills and maintain patient safety. With this knowledge, many professional organizations have adopted and set standards for the use of simulation, as an educational methodology, to improve clinician skills and competence providing only the highest quality care to neonates within the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit.
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Haddeland K, Marthinsen GN, Söderhamn U, Flateland SM, Moi EM. Experiences of using the ISBAR tool after an intervention: A focus group study among critical care nurses and anaesthesiologists. Intensive Crit Care Nurs 2022; 70:103195. [DOI: 10.1016/j.iccn.2021.103195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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York D, Xu J, Foli K, Potetz J. Safety Competency, Certification, and Practical Drift. Air Med J 2022; 41:78-81. [PMID: 35248349 DOI: 10.1016/j.amj.2021.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Revised: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Safety is one of the top priorities in transport nursing because of the unpredictable nature of moving critically ill or injured patients by air or ground. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between certification status and the transport nurse's self-rated safety competency. Safety competency was measured with an adapted version of the 22-item Critical Care Nursing Competence Questionnaire for Patient Safety (C3Q-safety) scale. To adapt the C3Q-safety scale for transport nursing, we matched the 22 items with the Air and Surface Transport Nurses Association safety standards. Then, 5 transport nursing experts reviewed the 22 items for face validity and relevance to Air and Surface Transport Nurses Association safety standards. The C3Q-safety scale assesses 4 safety factors: decision making, collaboration, nursing intervention, and principles of nursing care. This was a cross-sectional survey with 432 respondents; t-tests and linear regression were used to examine the data. Our findings indicated a lack of relationship between certification status and safety competency. However, we found that more experienced transport nurses had lower safety competency scores (β = -0.150, P = .037). Practical drift (ie, the failure to follow established rules and regulations, which leads to deviations from policies and procedures) may explain why experienced nurses scored lower. The practice implications of this work include the need for a robust safety culture with a focus on nonpunitive reporting and the use of simulation for reducing possible errors and limiting practical drift.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donna York
- Golden Hour Data Systems, A ZOLL Company, San Diego, CA.
| | - Jiayun Xu
- Purdue University School of Nursing, West Lafayette, IN
| | - Karen Foli
- Purdue University School of Nursing, West Lafayette, IN
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Allen LM, Hay M, Palermo C. Evaluation in health professions education-Is measuring outcomes enough? MEDICAL EDUCATION 2022; 56:127-136. [PMID: 34463357 DOI: 10.1111/medu.14654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Revised: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In an effort to increase the rigour of evaluation in health professions education (HPE), a range of evaluation approaches are used. These largely focus on outcome evaluation as opposed to programme evaluation. We aim to review and critique the use of outcome evaluation models, using the Kirkpatrick Model as an example given its wide acceptance and use, and advocate for the use of programme evaluation models that help us understand how and why outcomes are occurring. METHODS We systematically searched OVID medline, Scopus, CINAHL and Pubmed, and hand searched six leading HPE journals to provide an overview of the use of the Kirkpatrick Model as well as a range of programme evaluation models in HPE. In addition to this, we synthesised the existing critiques of the Kirkpatrick Model as an example of outcome evaluation, to highlight the limitations of such models. RESULTS The use of the Kirkpatrick Model in HPE is widespread and increasing; however, studies focus on categorising outcomes, rather than explaining how and why they occur. The main criticisms of the model are as follows: it is outcomes focused and fails to consider factors that can impact training outcomes; it assumes positive casual linkages between the levels; there is an assumption that the higher-level outcomes are more important; and unintended impacts are not considered. The use of the Kirkpatrick Model by the MERSQI, BEME and WHO contribute to the myth that the Kirkpatrick Model is the gold standard for programme evaluation. DISCUSSION Moving forward, evaluations of HPE interventions must shift from focusing largely on measuring outcomes of interventions with little consideration for how and why these outcomes are occurring to programme evaluation that investigates what contributes to these outcomes. Other models that facilitate the evaluation of the complex processes that occur in HPE should be used instead of Kirkpatrick's.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louise M Allen
- Monash Centre for Professional Development and Monash Online Education, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Margaret Hay
- Monash Centre for Professional Development and Monash Online Education, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Claire Palermo
- Monash Centre for Scholarship in Health Education, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
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Training with High Fidelity Simulation in the Care of Patients with Coronavirus-A Learning Experience in Native Health Care Multi-Professional Teams. Healthcare (Basel) 2021; 9:healthcare9101260. [PMID: 34682940 PMCID: PMC8535904 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare9101260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Revised: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The training of emergency and intensive care teams in technical and non-technical skills is fundamental. The general aim of this study was to evaluate the training of various professional teams with simulations based on the care of COVID-19 patients using Zone 3 simulations (native emergency medical services and intensive care units-ICU teams) in the Region of Murcia (Spain). A mixed pilot study was designed (qualitative/quantitative) comprised of three phases: Phase 1: detection of needs (focus groups), Phase 2: design of simulation scenarios, and Phase 3: training with high-fidelity simulation and evaluation of competences. The results were used to determine the real training needs of these health professionals, which were used to design four simulation scenarios in line with these needs. The team competences were evaluated before and after the training session, with increases observed after the training sessions, especially in non-technical skills such as communication. Training with zone 3 simulation, with multi-professional native emergency and intensive care teams who provided care to patients with coronavirus was shown to be an effective method, especially for training in non-technical skills. We should consider the training needs of the professionals before the start of any training program to stay one-step ahead of crisis situations.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Healthcare simulation has expanded dramatically; however, little is known about the scope of simulation in acute care hospitals. METHODS A descriptive, cross-sectional online survey was used. Participants included nurse executives from acute care hospitals in California. RESULTS Most organizations (96%) used simulation primarily for education, 37% used simulation for health system integration and systems testing, 30% used it for error investigation, 15% used it for research, and 15% used it for patient/family education. CONCLUSIONS Organizations have a substantial opportunity to increase the scope of simulation beyond education to include systems integration, clinical systems testing, and other translational simulation activities. This targeted focus on patient safety and quality will allow hospitals to improve financial performance and maximize scarce resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Gilbert
- Author Affiliations: Director (Dr M. Gilbert), Central California Center for Excellence in Nursing, California State University, Fresno; Associate Professor and Director (Dr Waxman), Executive Leadership Doctor of Nursing Practice Program, School of Nursing & Health Professions, University of San Francisco, California; Director (Dr Waxman), California Simulation Alliance, HealthImpact, Oakland; Biostatistician (Dr G.E. Gilbert), ΣigmaΣtats Consulting, LLC, Charleston, South Carolina; Senior Statistical Analyst (Dr G.E. Gilbert), Biostatistics and Medical Writing, Real World Evidence Strategy & Analytics, ICON Commercialisation & Outcomes Services, North Wales, Pennsylvania; and System Simulation Education Specialist (Ms Congenie), Advocate Aurora Health, Downers Grove, Illinois
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