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Liu H, Chong P, Liu Z, Bao X, Tan B. Exogenous hydrogen sulfide improves salt stress tolerance of Reaumuria soongorica seedlings by regulating active oxygen metabolism. PeerJ 2023; 11:e15881. [PMID: 37641597 PMCID: PMC10460565 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.15881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S), as an endogenous gas signaling molecule, plays an important role in plant growth regulation and resistance to abiotic stress. This study aims to investigate the mechanism of exogenous H2S on the growth and development of Reaumuria soongorica seedlings under salt stress and to determine the optimal concentration for foliar application. To investigate the regulatory effects of exogenous H2S (donor sodium hydrosulfide, NaHS) at concentrations ranging from 0 to 1 mM on reactive oxygen species (ROS), antioxidant system, and osmoregulation in R. soongorica seedlings under 300 mM NaCl stress. The growth of R. soongorica seedlings was inhibited by salt stress, which resulted in a decrease in the leaf relative water content (LRWC), specific leaf area (SLA), and soluble sugar content in leaves, elevated activity levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), and catalase (CAT); and accumulated superoxide anion (O2-), proline, malondialdehyde (MDA), and soluble protein content in leaves; and increased L-cysteine desulfhydrase (LCD) activity and endogenous H2S content. This indicated that a high level of ROS was produced in the leaves of R. soongorica seedlings and seriously affected the growth and development of R. soongorica seedlings. The exogenous application of different concentrations of NaHS reduced the content of O 2-, proline and MDA, increased the activity of antioxidant enzymes and the content of osmoregulators (soluble sugars and soluble proteins), while the LCD enzyme activity and the content of endogenous H2S were further increased with the continuous application of exogenous H2S. The inhibitory effects of salt stress on the growth rate of plant height and ground diameter, the LRWC, biomass, and SLA were effectively alleviated. A comprehensive analysis showed that the LRWC, POD, and proline could be used as the main indicators to evaluate the alleviating effect of exogenous H2S on R. soongorica seedlings under salt stress. The optimal concentration of exogenous H2S for R. soongorica seedlings under salt stress was 0.025 mM. This study provides an important theoretical foundation for understanding the salt tolerance mechanism of R. soongorica and for cultivating high-quality germplasm resources.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Zehua Liu
- Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
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2
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Huang X, Zheng D, Feng N, Huang A, Zhang R, Meng F, Jie Y, Mu B, Mu D, Zhou H. Effects of prohexadione calcium spraying during the booting stage on panicle traits, yield, and related physiological characteristics of rice under salt stress. PeerJ 2023; 11:e14673. [PMID: 36710858 PMCID: PMC9879151 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.14673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Prohexadione calcium (Pro-Ca), as a growth retardant, can effectively alleviate the damage of salt stress to plants. In order to explore the effects of NaCl stress on the physiological characteristics and panicle traits of rice plants as well as the alleviating effect of Pro-Ca at the booting stage, we performed pot experiments on two rice cultivars: conventional rice 'Huanghuazhan' and hybrid rice 'Xiangliangyou900'. Rice plants were treated with 0.3% NaCl 48 hours after Pro-Ca (100 mg L-1) treatment to study the effects of Pro-Ca on the physiological characteristics of the leaves and panicles, as well as the panicle and yield traits of rice under salt stress. Our analysis indicated that NaCl treatment inhibited the morphological growth parameters and photosynthetic efficiency, destroyed the antioxidant defense systems of leaves and panicles, increased soluble protein and proline in both rice cultivars. Foliar application of Pro-Ca significantly increased the leaf area, uppermost internode length, panicle length, panicle weight, number of primary branches, number of grains per panicle, seed setting rate and yield under salt stress. Pro-Ca application significantly affected chlorophyll content, net photosynthetic rate (Pn), stomatal conductance (Gs), transpiration rate (Tr), and apparent mesophyll conductance (AMC) in NaCl-treated rice cultivars compared with NaCl treatment alone. Moreover, Pro-Ca also increased ascorbic acid (AsA) content, enhanced superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT), and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) activity, and further increased the accumulation of soluble protein and proline in leaves and panicles. These results illustrated that foliar application of Pro-Ca at the booting stage could alleviate the damage caused by NaCl stress by regulating the physiological and metabolic processes of rice plants, thereby enhancing the stress resistance of the plants, increasing total rice yield in salt stress conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- XiXin Huang
- Guangdong Ocean University, College of Coastal Agriculture Sciences, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
| | - Dianfeng Zheng
- Guangdong Ocean University, College of Coastal Agriculture Sciences, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China,South China Center of National Saline-tolerant Rice Technology Innovation Center, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China,Shenzhen Research Institute of Guangdong Ocean University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Naijie Feng
- Guangdong Ocean University, College of Coastal Agriculture Sciences, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China,South China Center of National Saline-tolerant Rice Technology Innovation Center, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China,Shenzhen Research Institute of Guangdong Ocean University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Anqi Huang
- Guangdong Ocean University, College of Coastal Agriculture Sciences, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
| | - Rongjun Zhang
- Guangdong Ocean University, College of Coastal Agriculture Sciences, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
| | - Fengyan Meng
- Guangdong Ocean University, College of Coastal Agriculture Sciences, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
| | - Yin Jie
- Guangdong Ocean University, College of Coastal Agriculture Sciences, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
| | - Baomin Mu
- Guangdong Ocean University, College of Coastal Agriculture Sciences, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
| | - Dewei Mu
- Guangdong Ocean University, College of Coastal Agriculture Sciences, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
| | - Hang Zhou
- Guangdong Ocean University, College of Coastal Agriculture Sciences, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
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Gao Y, Duan Z, Zhang L, Sun D, Li X. The Status and Research Progress of Cadmium Pollution in Rice- ( Oryza sativa L.) and Wheat- ( Triticum aestivum L.) Cropping Systems in China: A Critical Review. TOXICS 2022; 10:794. [PMID: 36548627 PMCID: PMC9783001 DOI: 10.3390/toxics10120794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Revised: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The accumulation of cadmium in rice (Oryza sativa L.) and wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is a serious threat to the safe use of farmland and to the health of the human diet that has attracted extensive attention from researchers. In this review, a bibliometric analysis was performed using a VOS viewer (1.6.18, Netherlands) to investigate the status of cadmium contamination in rice and wheat growing systems, human health risks, mechanisms of Cd uptake and transport, and the corresponding research hotspots. It has a certain reference value for the prevention and control of cadmium pollution in rice and wheat planting systems in China and abroad. The results showed that the Cd content in rice and wheat planting systems in the Yangtze River Basin was significantly higher than that in other areas of China, and the Cd content in rice and wheat grains and the hazard quotient (HQ) in Hunan Province was the highest. The average Cd concentration exceeded the recommended limit by about 62% for rice and 81% for wheat. The main reasons for the high Cd pollution in rice and wheat growing areas in Hunan are mining activities, phosphate fertilizer application, sewage irrigation, and electronic equipment manufacturing. In this review, we demonstrate that cadmium toxicity reduces the uptake and transport of essential elements in rice and wheat. Cadmium stress seriously affected the growth and morphology of plant roots. In the shoots, Cd toxicity was manifested by a series of physiological injuries, such as decreased photosynthesis, soluble protein, sugar, and antioxidant enzyme activity. Cadmium that accumulates in the shoots is transferred to grains and then passes up the food chain to people and animals. Therefore, methods for reducing cadmium content in grains of rice and wheat are urgently needed, especially in Cd-contaminated soil. Current research on Cd pollution in rice and wheat planting systems focuses on the bioavailability of Cd, soil rhizosphere changes in wheat and rice, and the role of antioxidant enzyme systems in alleviating heavy metal stress in rice and wheat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Zengqiang Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Lingxiao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Da Sun
- Technology Extension Station of Agriculture and Fisheries of Nanhu District of Jiaxing, Jiaxing 314051, China
| | - Xun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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4
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Li J, Guo X, Zhang S, Zhang Y, Chen L, Zheng W, Xue X. Effects of light quality on growth, nutritional characteristics, and antioxidant properties of winter wheat seedlings ( Triticum aestivum L.). FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:978468. [PMID: 36119584 PMCID: PMC9478206 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.978468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Wheat seedlings are becoming popular for its high nutritional value. Effects of White (W), White + Red (WR), and White + Blue (WB) light-emitting diodes (LEDs) treatments on growth, nutritional characteristics and antioxidant properties of wheat seedlings were studied in a plant factory. The results showed that height, leaf area, shoot fresh, and shoot dry weight per wheat seedling were the highest under WR at 13 and 22 days after planting. Soluble sugar content in leaves and stems were 22.3 and 65% respectively higher under WB than those under W. Soluble protein content in leaves and stems were 36.8 and 15.2% respectively lower under WR than those under W. Contents of total flavonoids, glutathione (GSH) and ascorbic acid (ASA) in leaves were the highest under WB, whereas malondialdehyde (MDA) content in leaves was the lowest under WB. The activities of antioxidant enzymes [superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), and ascorbate peroxidase (APX)] in leaves and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging ability were also the highest under WB. In conclusion, WR promoted the growth of wheat seedlings, and WB promoted antioxidant level and nutritional accumulation. This study provides guidance for wheat seedlings to carry out preferential production (biomass or quality).
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Affiliation(s)
- Junyan Li
- National Research Center of Intelligent Equipment for Agriculture, Beijing, China
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaolei Guo
- National Research Center of Intelligent Equipment for Agriculture, Beijing, China
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Siqi Zhang
- National Research Center of Intelligent Equipment for Agriculture, Beijing, China
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yinghua Zhang
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Liping Chen
- National Research Center of Intelligent Equipment for Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Wengang Zheng
- National Research Center of Intelligent Equipment for Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Xuzhang Xue
- National Research Center of Intelligent Equipment for Agriculture, Beijing, China
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Zhong Z, Wang X, Yin X, Tian J, Komatsu S. Morphophysiological and Proteomic Responses on Plants of Irradiation with Electromagnetic Waves. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:12239. [PMID: 34830127 PMCID: PMC8618018 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222212239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2021] [Revised: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Electromagnetic energy is the backbone of wireless communication systems, and its progressive use has resulted in impacts on a wide range of biological systems. The consequences of electromagnetic energy absorption on plants are insufficiently addressed. In the agricultural area, electromagnetic-wave irradiation has been used to develop crop varieties, manage insect pests, monitor fertilizer efficiency, and preserve agricultural produce. According to different frequencies and wavelengths, electromagnetic waves are typically divided into eight spectral bands, including audio waves, radio waves, microwaves, infrared, visible light, ultraviolet, X-rays, and gamma rays. In this review, among these electromagnetic waves, effects of millimeter waves, ultraviolet, and gamma rays on plants are outlined, and their response mechanisms in plants through proteomic approaches are summarized. Furthermore, remarkable advancements of irradiating plants with electromagnetic waves, especially ultraviolet, are addressed, which shed light on future research in the electromagnetic field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuoheng Zhong
- College of Biomedical Engineering & Instrument Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China; (Z.Z.); (J.T.)
| | - Xin Wang
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China;
| | - Xiaojian Yin
- Department of Pharmacognosy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China;
| | - Jingkui Tian
- College of Biomedical Engineering & Instrument Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China; (Z.Z.); (J.T.)
| | - Setsuko Komatsu
- Faculty of Environmental and Information Sciences, Fukui University of Technology, Fukui 910-8505, Japan
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6
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Wang L, Zou R, Li YC, Tong Z, You M, Huo W, Chi K, Fan H. Effect of Wheat-Solanum nigrum L. intercropping on Cd accumulation by plants and soil bacterial community under Cd contaminated soil. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2020; 206:111383. [PMID: 33002822 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.111383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Revised: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Using accumulators for intercropping in agricultural production can change the heavy metal concentration in the target plants. This study aims to investigate how intercropping wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and Solanum nigrum L. affects soil bacterial community and cadmium (Cd) absorption in response to Cd-contaminated soil. We compared the concentrations and accumulations of Cd by plants, the activities of soil enzymes and the bacterial community structures of rhizosphere soil in monoculture and intercropping system. Principal component analysis (PCA) ordinations showed that soil bacterial communities were significantly separated by MW and IW, which illustrated intercropping with Solanum nigrum L. impacted the bacterial community structure of wheat. Firstly, the results showed that the biomass of shoots and roots in intercropped wheat (IW) were significantly decreased by 16.19% and 29.38% compared with monoculture wheat (MW) after 60 days after transplanting (DAT). Secondly, the Cd concentration and accumulation of shoots in IW was higher than MW. The Cd accumulation of IW shoots and roots were increased 12.87% and 0.98%, respectively after 60 days DAT. Besides, the enzymes activity [catalase (CAT), urease (UA) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP)] of IW were decreased 35%, 6% and 21%, respectively after 60 days DAT. Finally, the diversity indexes [Abundance-based Coverage Estimator (ACE), Chao and InvSimpson] of IW were lower than MW. These results indicated that intercropping with Solanum nigrum L. inhibited the wheat growth and decreased the bacterial community diversity in wheat rhizosphere, increased the Cd concentration and accumulation in plant tissues of wheat. Therefore, intercropping Solanum nigrum L. and wheat with Cd-contaminated soil might increase the risk of excessive Cd in wheat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Wang
- Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, National Engineering Laboratory for Improving Quality of Arable Land, Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Rong Zou
- Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, National Engineering Laboratory for Improving Quality of Arable Land, Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Yuncong C Li
- Department of Soil and Water Sciences, Tropical Research and Education Center, IFAS, University of Florida, Homestead, FL 33031, USA
| | - Zhaohui Tong
- Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, IFAS, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Meng You
- Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, National Engineering Laboratory for Improving Quality of Arable Land, Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Wenmin Huo
- Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, National Engineering Laboratory for Improving Quality of Arable Land, Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100081, China; Chinese Academy of Natural Resource Economics, Beijing 101149, China
| | - Keyu Chi
- Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, National Engineering Laboratory for Improving Quality of Arable Land, Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100081, China; Beijing Construction Engineering Group Environmental Remediation Co., Ltd. Beijing 100015, China
| | - Hongli Fan
- Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, National Engineering Laboratory for Improving Quality of Arable Land, Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100081, China; Department of Soil and Water Sciences, Tropical Research and Education Center, IFAS, University of Florida, Homestead, FL 33031, USA; Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, IFAS, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA.
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7
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Aksakal O, Tabay D, Esringu A, Icoglu Aksakal F, Esim N. Effect of proline on biochemical and molecular mechanisms in lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) exposed to UV-B radiation. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2017; 16:246-254. [PMID: 28070585 DOI: 10.1039/c6pp00412a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2016] [Accepted: 12/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the role of proline (Pro) in relieving UV-B radiation-induced oxidative stress in lettuce. Lettuce seedlings were exposed to 3.3 W m-2 UV-B radiation for 12 h after pre-treatment sprayed with 20 mM Pro. The data for malondialdehyde (MDA), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), endogenous Pro level, the activities of antioxidant enzymes [superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), and peroxidase (POD)], total phenolic concentration, antioxidant capacity, expression of phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL), γ-tocopherol methyltransferase (γ-TMT) and proline dehydrogenase (ProDH) genes, phytohormone levels such as abscisic acid (ABA), gibberellic acid (GA), indole acetic acid (IAA) and salicylic acid (SA), soluble sugars and organic acids were recorded. It was found that Pro alleviated the oxidative damage in the seedlings of lettuce as demonstrated by lower lipid peroxidation and H2O2 content, increasing the endogenous Pro level, the activity of antioxidant enzymes, total phenolic concentration and the antioxidant capacity. Additionally, it was revealed that exogenous application of Pro enhanced the levels of GA, IAA, the concentrations of soluble sugars and organic acids and expressions of PAL, γ-TMT and ProDH genes as compared to the control. The results obtained in this study suggest that pre-treatment with exogenous Pro provides important contributions to the increase in the UV-B tolerance of lettuce by regulating the biochemical mechanisms of UV-B response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ozkan Aksakal
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Atatürk University, 25240, Erzurum, Turkey.
| | - Dilruba Tabay
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Atatürk University, 25240, Erzurum, Turkey.
| | - Aslıhan Esringu
- Narman Vocational Training School, Atatürk University, Narman, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Feyza Icoglu Aksakal
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Atatürk University, 25240, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Nevzat Esim
- Vocational Training School, Bingöl University, Bingöl, Turkey
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Rizwan M, Ali S, Abbas T, Zia-Ur-Rehman M, Hannan F, Keller C, Al-Wabel MI, Ok YS. Cadmium minimization in wheat: A critical review. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2016; 130:43-53. [PMID: 27062345 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2016.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 306] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2015] [Revised: 04/01/2016] [Accepted: 04/01/2016] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) accumulation in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and its subsequent transfer to food chain is a major environmental issue worldwide. Understanding wheat response to Cd stress and its management for aiming to reduce Cd uptake and accumulation in wheat may help to improve wheat growth and grain quality. This paper reviewed the toxic effects, tolerance mechanisms, and management of Cd stress in wheat. It was concluded that Cd decreased germination, growth, mineral nutrients, photosynthesis and grain yield of wheat and plant response to Cd toxicity varies with cultivars, growth conditions and duration of stress applied. Cadmium caused oxidative stress and genotoxicity in wheat plants. Stimulation of antioxidant defense system, osmoregulation, ion homeostasis and over production of signalling molecules are important adaptive strategies of wheat under Cd stress. Exogenous application of plant growth regulators, inorganic amendments, proper fertilization, silicon, and organic, manures and biochar, amendments are commonly used for the reduction of Cd uptake in wheat. Selection of low Cd-accumulating wheat cultivars, crop rotation, soil type, and exogenous application of microbes are among the other agronomic practices successfully employed in reducing Cd uptake by wheat. These management practices could enhance wheat tolerance to Cd stress and reduce the transfer of Cd to the food chain. However, their long-term sustainability in reducing Cd uptake by wheat needs further assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Rizwan
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University, Allama Iqbal Road, 38000 Faisalabad, Pakistan.
| | - Shafaqat Ali
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University, Allama Iqbal Road, 38000 Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Tahir Abbas
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University, Allama Iqbal Road, 38000 Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Zia-Ur-Rehman
- Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan
| | - Fakhir Hannan
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University, Allama Iqbal Road, 38000 Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Catherine Keller
- Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, IRD, CEREGE UM34, 13545 Aix en Provence, France
| | - Mohammad I Al-Wabel
- Soil Sciences Department, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2460, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yong Sik Ok
- Korea Biochar Research Center and Department of Biological Environment, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 200-701, South Korea
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Plant Responses to High Frequency Electromagnetic Fields. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 2016:1830262. [PMID: 26981524 PMCID: PMC4769733 DOI: 10.1155/2016/1830262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2015] [Accepted: 01/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
High frequency nonionizing electromagnetic fields (HF-EMF) that are increasingly present in the environment constitute a genuine environmental stimulus able to evoke specific responses in plants that share many similarities with those observed after a stressful treatment. Plants constitute an outstanding model to study such interactions since their architecture (high surface area to volume ratio) optimizes their interaction with the environment. In the present review, after identifying the main exposure devices (transverse and gigahertz electromagnetic cells, wave guide, and mode stirred reverberating chamber) and general physics laws that govern EMF interactions with plants, we illustrate some of the observed responses after exposure to HF-EMF at the cellular, molecular, and whole plant scale. Indeed, numerous metabolic activities (reactive oxygen species metabolism, α- and β-amylase, Krebs cycle, pentose phosphate pathway, chlorophyll content, terpene emission, etc.) are modified, gene expression altered (calmodulin, calcium-dependent protein kinase, and proteinase inhibitor), and growth reduced (stem elongation and dry weight) after low power (i.e., nonthermal) HF-EMF exposure. These changes occur not only in the tissues directly exposed but also systemically in distant tissues. While the long-term impact of these metabolic changes remains largely unknown, we propose to consider nonionizing HF-EMF radiation as a noninjurious, genuine environmental factor that readily evokes changes in plant metabolism.
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10
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Zhang L, Qi W, Xu H, Wang L, Jiao Z. Effects of low-energy N(+)-beam implantation on root growth in Arabidopsis seedlings. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2016; 124:111-119. [PMID: 26479682 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2015.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2015] [Revised: 09/16/2015] [Accepted: 10/05/2015] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The effects of ion implantation on the morphology changes and biological responses of plants are dependent on implantation doses. Previous studies mainly focus on the application of ion-beam technology in genetic mutation. Our knowledge regarding the mechanism underlying the plant growth inhibition induced by ion implantation remains limited. In this study, we explore the responses of root growth to low-energy N(+)-beam implantation using implanted Arabidopsis seeds. Our results showed that the root and root tip length were obviously reduced by implantation with large doses of low-energy N(+) beam. The analysis of confocal images showed that ion implantation reduced the cell viability and cell division activity in root meristem. The production rate of superoxide radical (O2(•-)) and contents of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in roots under ion implantation were markedly higher than those of controls. Transcriptional expression analysis of selected genes revealed that Arabidopsis RBOH genes associated with reactive oxygen species (ROS) production were significantly up-regulated in roots in response to ion implantation. The activities of antioxidant enzymes were also induced by ion implantation. Moreover, ROS scavenging obviously enhanced cell viability and cell division in response to ion implantation and alleviated the root growth inhibition of the implanted seedlings. Our results suggest that the overproduction of ROS induced by ion implantation is involved in the inhibitory effect of low-energy ion beam on root growth by affecting the cell viability and cell division of root meristem in Arabidopsis seedlings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Zhang
- College of Life Science, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
| | - Wencai Qi
- College of Life Science, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
| | - Hangbo Xu
- Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Ion Beam Bio-engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Lin Wang
- Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Ion Beam Bio-engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Zhen Jiao
- Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Ion Beam Bio-engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China.
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11
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Grémiaux A, Girard S, Guérin V, Lothier J, Baluška F, Davies E, Bonnet P, Vian A. Low-amplitude, high-frequency electromagnetic field exposure causes delayed and reduced growth in Rosa hybrida. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2016; 190:44-53. [PMID: 26643955 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2015.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2015] [Revised: 11/06/2015] [Accepted: 11/06/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
It is now accepted that plants perceive high-frequency electromagnetic field (HF-EMF). We wondered if the HF-EMF signal is integrated further in planta as a chain of reactions leading to a modification of plant growth. We exposed whole small ligneous plants (rose bush) whose growth could be studied for several weeks. We performed exposures at two different development stages (rooted cuttings bearing an axillary bud and 5-leaf stage plants), using two high frequency (900MHz) field amplitudes (5 and 200Vm(-1)). We achieved a tight control on the experimental conditions using a state-of-the-art stimulation device (Mode Stirred Reverberation Chamber) and specialized culture-chambers. After the exposure, we followed the shoot growth for over a one-month period. We observed no growth modification whatsoever exposure was performed on the 5-leaf stage plants. When the exposure was performed on the rooted cuttings, no growth modification was observed on Axis I (produced from the elongation of the axillary bud). Likewise, no significant modification was noted on Axis II produced at the base of Axis I, that came from pre-formed secondary axillary buds. In contrast, Axis II produced at the top of Axis I, that came from post-formed secondary buds consistently displayed a delayed and significant reduced growth (45%). The measurements of plant energy uptake from HF-EMF in this exposure condition (SAR of 7.2 10(-4)Wkg(-1)) indicated that this biological response is likely not due to thermal effect. These results suggest that exposure to electromagnetic field only affected development of post-formed organs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Grémiaux
- Institut de Recherche en Horticulture et Semences-UMR 1345 IRHS, Université d'Angers-INRA-Agrocampus Ouest, ARCH-E, SFR 4207 QuaSaV, Campus du Végétal, CS 60057, F-49071 Beaucouzé, Cedex, France
| | - Sébastien Girard
- Université Blaise Pascal, Institut Pascal, BP 10448, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; CNRS, UMR 6602, F-63171 Aubière, France
| | - Vincent Guérin
- Institut de Recherche en Horticulture et Semences-UMR 1345 IRHS, Université d'Angers-INRA-Agrocampus Ouest, ARCH-E, SFR 4207 QuaSaV, Campus du Végétal, CS 60057, F-49071 Beaucouzé, Cedex, France
| | - Jérémy Lothier
- Institut de Recherche en Horticulture et Semences-UMR 1345 IRHS, Université d'Angers-INRA-Agrocampus Ouest, ARCH-E, SFR 4207 QuaSaV, Campus du Végétal, CS 60057, F-49071 Beaucouzé, Cedex, France
| | - František Baluška
- Institut für Zelluläre und Molekulare Botanik Zellbiologie der Pflanzen, Universität Bonn, Kirschallee 1, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Eric Davies
- North Carolina State University, Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, Box 7612, Raleigh, NC 27695-7612 USA
| | - Pierre Bonnet
- Université Blaise Pascal, Institut Pascal, BP 10448, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; CNRS, UMR 6602, F-63171 Aubière, France
| | - Alain Vian
- Institut de Recherche en Horticulture et Semences-UMR 1345 IRHS, Université d'Angers-INRA-Agrocampus Ouest, ARCH-E, SFR 4207 QuaSaV, Campus du Végétal, CS 60057, F-49071 Beaucouzé, Cedex, France.
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Esringu A, Aksakal O, Tabay D, Kara AA. Effects of sodium nitroprusside (SNP) pretreatment on UV-B stress tolerance in lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) seedlings. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 23:589-97. [PMID: 26330324 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-015-5301-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2015] [Accepted: 08/21/2015] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Ultraviolet-B (UV-B) radiation is one of the most important abiotic stress factors that could influence plant growth, development, and productivity. Nitric oxide (NO) is an important plant growth regulator involved in a wide variety of physiological processes. In the present study, the possibility of enhancing UV-B stress tolerance of lettuce seedlings by the exogenous application of sodium nitroprusside (SNP) was investigated. UV-B radiation increased the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), peroxidase (POD) and total phenolic concentrations, antioxidant capacity, and expression of phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL) gene in seedlings, but the combination of SNP pretreatment and UV-B enhanced antioxidant enzyme activities, total phenolic concentrations, antioxidant capacity, and PAL gene expression even more. Moreover, UV-B radiation significantly inhibited chlorophylls, carotenoid, gibberellic acid (GA), and indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) contents and increased the contents of abscisic acid (ABA), salicylic acid (SA), malondialdehyde (MDA), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and superoxide radical (O2•(-)) in lettuce seedlings. When SNP pretreatment was combined with the UV-B radiation, we observed alleviated chlorophylls, carotenoid, GA, and IAA inhibition and decreased content of ABA, SA, MDA, H2O2, and O2•(-) in comparison to non-pretreated stressed seedlings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aslıhan Esringu
- Narman Vocational Training School, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Ozkan Aksakal
- Department of Biology, Science Faculty, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey.
| | - Dilruba Tabay
- Department of Biology, Science Faculty, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Ayse Aydan Kara
- Department of Biology, Science Faculty, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey
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Qiu Z, Guo J, Zhu A, Zhang L, Zhang M. Exogenous jasmonic acid can enhance tolerance of wheat seedlings to salt stress. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2014; 104:202-8. [PMID: 24726929 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2014.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 178] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2013] [Revised: 03/13/2014] [Accepted: 03/15/2014] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Jasmonic acid (JA) is regarded as endogenous regulator that plays an important role in regulating stress responses, plant growth and development. To investigate the physiological mechanisms of salt stress mitigated by exogenous JA, foliar application of 2mM JA was done to wheat seedlings for 3days and then they were subjected to 150mM NaCl. Our results showed that 150mM NaCl treatment significantly decreased plant height, root length, shoot dry weight, root dry weight, the concentration of glutathione (GSH), chlorophyll b (Chl b) and carotenoid (Car), the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), enhanced the concentration of malondialdehyde (MDA), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and the rate of superoxide radical (O2•-) generation in the wheat seedlings when compared with the control. However, treatments with exogenous JA for 3 days significantly enhanced salt stress tolerance in wheat seedlings by decreasing the concentration of MDA and H2O2, the production rate of O2•- and increasing the transcript levels and activities of SOD, POD, CAT and APX and the contents of GSH, Chl b and Car, which, in turn, enhanced the growth of salt stressed seedlings. These results suggested that JA could effectively protect wheat seedlings from salt stress damage by enhancing activities of antioxidant enzymes and the concentration of antioxidative compounds to quench the excessive reactive oxygen species caused by salt stress and presented a practical implication for wheat cultivation in salt-affected soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- ZongBo Qiu
- College of Life Science, Henan Normal University, 46 Jianshe Road, Xinxiang 453007, PR China.
| | - JunLi Guo
- College of Life Science, Henan Normal University, 46 Jianshe Road, Xinxiang 453007, PR China
| | - AiJing Zhu
- College of Life Science, Henan Normal University, 46 Jianshe Road, Xinxiang 453007, PR China
| | - Liang Zhang
- College of Life Science, Henan Normal University, 46 Jianshe Road, Xinxiang 453007, PR China
| | - ManMan Zhang
- College of Life Science, Henan Normal University, 46 Jianshe Road, Xinxiang 453007, PR China
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Qiu Z, Li J, Zhang M, Bi Z, Li Z. He-Ne laser pretreatment protects wheat seedlings against cadmium-induced oxidative stress. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2013. [PMID: 23177204 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2012.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the investigation is to determine the effect of He-Ne laser pretreatment of wheat seeds on the resistance of seedlings to cadmium stress. Changes in physiological, biochemical and molecular characters were measured. Our results showed that 150 μM Cd treatment significantly reduced plant height, root length, shoot fresh weight, shoot dry weight, root fresh weight, root dry weight, ascorbate acid (AsA) and glutathione (GSH) concentration, the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT), ascorbate peroxidase (APX) and gene expression levels of SOD, APX, enhanced the concentration of malondialdehyde (MDA), hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)) and the rate of superoxide radical (O(2)(•-)) generation in the wheat seedlings when compared with the control. However, seeds with He-Ne laser pretreatment 5 min conferred tolerance to cadmium stress in wheat seedlings by decreasing the concentration of MDA and H(2)O(2), the rate of O(2)(•-) generation and increasing the gene expression levels of SOD, POD, APX, the activities of SOD, POD, CAT, APX and AsA and GSH concentration. These results suggest that those changes in MDA, O(2)(•-), H(2)O(2), anti-oxidative enzymes, gene expression level and anti-oxidative compounds are responsible for the increase in cadmium stress resistance observed in the experiments. The results also showed that the laser had a positive physiological effect on the growth of cadmium stressed seedlings. This is the first investigation reporting the use of He-Ne laser pretreatment to enhance of wheat seedlings tolerance to cadmium stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- ZongBo Qiu
- College of Life Science, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, PR China.
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