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Sarma K, Akther MH, Ahmad I, Afzal O, Altamimi ASA, Alossaimi MA, Jaremko M, Emwas AH, Gautam P. Adjuvant Novel Nanocarrier-Based Targeted Therapy for Lung Cancer. Molecules 2024; 29:1076. [PMID: 38474590 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29051076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer has the lowest survival rate due to its late-stage diagnosis, poor prognosis, and intra-tumoral heterogeneity. These factors decrease the effectiveness of treatment. They release chemokines and cytokines from the tumor microenvironment (TME). To improve the effectiveness of treatment, researchers emphasize personalized adjuvant therapies along with conventional ones. Targeted chemotherapeutic drug delivery systems and specific pathway-blocking agents using nanocarriers are a few of them. This study explored the nanocarrier roles and strategies to improve the treatment profile's effectiveness by striving for TME. A biofunctionalized nanocarrier stimulates biosystem interaction, cellular uptake, immune system escape, and vascular changes for penetration into the TME. Inorganic metal compounds scavenge reactive oxygen species (ROS) through their photothermal effect. Stroma, hypoxia, pH, and immunity-modulating agents conjugated or modified nanocarriers co-administered with pathway-blocking or condition-modulating agents can regulate extracellular matrix (ECM), Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAF),Tyro3, Axl, and Mertk receptors (TAM) regulation, regulatory T-cell (Treg) inhibition, and myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC) inhibition. Again, biomimetic conjugation or the surface modification of nanocarriers using ligands can enhance active targeting efficacy by bypassing the TME. A carrier system with biofunctionalized inorganic metal compounds and organic compound complex-loaded drugs is convenient for NSCLC-targeted therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kangkan Sarma
- School of Pharmaceutical and Population Health Informatics (SoPPHI), DIT University, Dehradun 248009, India
| | - Md Habban Akther
- School of Pharmaceutical and Population Health Informatics (SoPPHI), DIT University, Dehradun 248009, India
| | - Irfan Ahmad
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha 62521, Saudi Arabia
| | - Obaid Afzal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulmalik S A Altamimi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Manal A Alossaimi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mariusz Jaremko
- Smart-Health Initiative (SHI) and Red Sea Research Center (RSRC), Division of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering (BESE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdul-Hamid Emwas
- Core Labs, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Preety Gautam
- School of Pharmaceutical and Population Health Informatics (SoPPHI), DIT University, Dehradun 248009, India
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Lestiani DD, Syahfitri WYN, Adventini N, Kurniawati S, Damastuti E, Santoso M, Biswas B, Mukhtar R. Impacts of a lead smelter in East Java, Indonesia: degree of contamination, spatial distribution, ecological risk, and health risk assessment of potentially toxic elements in soils. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2023; 195:1165. [PMID: 37676510 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-023-11745-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
This study investigates the characteristics of potentially toxic elements in soils collected from the vicinity of a lead smelter in East Java, Indonesia. The objective is to assess the impact of the lead smelter on the surrounding soil. The study involves chemical composition analysis, spatial distribution mapping, and potential ecological and health risk assessments. Soil samples were collected from the surface area (0-10 cm) and subsurface (15-30 cm) within radii of 1.5 km, 3 km, and 5 km from the lead smelter. The samples were analyzed for As, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, and Zn using energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence. Principal component analysis (PCA) was performed to identify the sources of potentially toxic elements in the soil. The results indicate severe Pb contamination within a 1.5 km radius of the smelter, with an average contamination factor (Cf) value of 22.0, posing a high potential health risk. The contamination factor indicated that the soils were heavily polluted by As and Pb and moderately polluted by Cu, Ni, and Zn. The results of PCA showed that smelter releases are the main source of potentially toxic element contamination in the soil, accounting for 66.2%. The health risk assessment suggested that the children and adults in the study region were exposed to non-carcinogenic risks caused by As and Pb. Oral ingestion was identified as the primary exposure route impacting health risks. The carcinogenic risk from potentially toxic elements in soil was found to exceed the acceptable level for children and adults in the study region. Therefore, it is necessary for the government to take effective measures, including designing regulations and interventions, and improving lead smelter management to mitigate potential contamination and minimize the impact of lead smelter releases on the surrounding environment, especially to protect human health, particularly that of children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diah Dwiana Lestiani
- Research Center for Radiation Detection and Nuclear Analysis Technology-Research Organization for Nuclear Energy, National Research and Innovation Agency of Indonesia, Jln Tamansari 71, Bandung, 40132, Indonesia.
| | - Woro Yatu Niken Syahfitri
- Research Center for Radiation Detection and Nuclear Analysis Technology-Research Organization for Nuclear Energy, National Research and Innovation Agency of Indonesia, Jln Tamansari 71, Bandung, 40132, Indonesia
| | - Natalia Adventini
- Research Center for Radiation Detection and Nuclear Analysis Technology-Research Organization for Nuclear Energy, National Research and Innovation Agency of Indonesia, Jln Tamansari 71, Bandung, 40132, Indonesia
| | - Syukria Kurniawati
- Research Center for Radiation Detection and Nuclear Analysis Technology-Research Organization for Nuclear Energy, National Research and Innovation Agency of Indonesia, Jln Tamansari 71, Bandung, 40132, Indonesia
| | - Endah Damastuti
- Research Center for Radiation Detection and Nuclear Analysis Technology-Research Organization for Nuclear Energy, National Research and Innovation Agency of Indonesia, Jln Tamansari 71, Bandung, 40132, Indonesia
| | - Muhayatun Santoso
- Research Center for Radiation Detection and Nuclear Analysis Technology-Research Organization for Nuclear Energy, National Research and Innovation Agency of Indonesia, Jln Tamansari 71, Bandung, 40132, Indonesia
| | - Biplab Biswas
- Department of Geography, The University of Burdwan, Burdwan, India
| | - Rita Mukhtar
- Center for Standardization of Environmental Quality Instrument, Agency for Standardization of Environmental and Forestry Instrumentation, Ministry of Environmental and Forestry, Kawasan Puspiptek, Serpong, Indonesia
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3
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Silva A, Pereira A, Silva L, Pena A. Arsenic in Portuguese Rice: Is There Any Risk? Foods 2022; 11:foods11030277. [PMID: 35159429 PMCID: PMC8834159 DOI: 10.3390/foods11030277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Revised: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Arsenic is a metalloid with natural and anthropogenic sources and its inorganic form is toxic to humans. Rice is highly consumed worldwide and is prone to arsenic contamination; therefore, this study evaluated the inorganic arsenic content of 70 Portuguese rice samples. These were analysed through inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) with a detection limit of 3.3 µg kg−1. The average contamination was of 29.3 µg kg−1, with brown and short rice presenting higher values than white and long rice. The highest concentration, 100 µg kg−1, equalled the maximum residue limit (MRL) for rice destined for infants’ consumption. The estimated daily intake (EDI) surpassed the benchmark dose (lower confidence limit 10%) (BMDL10) of 0.3 µg kg−1 of bw/day considering children in the 95th percentile of rice consumption and the worst-case scenario concentration. However, other sources also contribute to the EDI and some population groups can exceed the BMDL10.
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Giri DD, Jha JM, Srivastava N, Shah M, H. Almalki A, F Alkhanani M, Pal DB. Waste seeds of Mangifera indica, Artocarpus heterophyllus, and Schizizium commune as biochar for heavy metal removal from simulated wastewater. BIOMASS CONVERSION AND BIOREFINERY 2022; 13:1-10. [PMID: 35013698 PMCID: PMC8731182 DOI: 10.1007/s13399-021-02078-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Revised: 10/31/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The threat of arsenic contamination in water is a challenging issue worldwide. Millions of people utilize untreated groundwater having high levels of arsenic in developing countries. Design Expert 6.0.8 has been used to design experiments and carried out statistical analysis for optimization of different parameters. It is of prime importance to develop cheap environment friendly bio-sorbent for protecting health of the poor from ill effects of arsenic. In the present investigation, we prepared bio-sorbent from the solid waste seed biomass of Mangifera indica (M), Artocarpus heterophyllus (JF), and Schizizium commune (JP). The characterization of bio-sorbents has been done by using different techniques namely FTIR and XRD. Arsenic concentration was estimated using ICP and adsorption parameters optimized for pH, adsorbent dose, and initial arsenic concentration. At pH 8.4, kinetics study of arsenic removal was M (94%), JF (93%), and JP (92%) for initial concentration of 2.5 ppm. The adsorption kinetics was well explained by Freundlich model and pseudo-second reaction order. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13399-021-02078-5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deen Dayal Giri
- Department of Botany, Maharaj Singh College, Saharanpur-247001, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Jay Mant Jha
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Maulana Azad National Institute of Technology, Bhopal- 462003 Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Neha Srivastava
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Varanasi, 221005 India
| | - Maulin Shah
- Environmental Technology Limited, Ankeleshwar, Gujrat India
| | - Atiah H. Almalki
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099 Taif- 21944, Saudi Arabia
- Addiction and Neuroscience Research Unit, College of Pharmacy, Taif University, Al-Hawiah, Taif-21944, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Dan Bahadur Pal
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, Ranchi-835215 Jharkhand India
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Ravanipour M, Hadi M, Rastkari N, Hemmati Borji S, Nasseri S. Presence of heavy metals in drinking water resources of Iran: a systematic review and meta-analysis. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:26223-26251. [PMID: 33791963 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-13293-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2020] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Water quality is one of the most important indices for public health especially for drinking water consumptions. This study was conducted to survey the presence of heavy metals in drinking water resources of Iran using a systematic review and meta-analysis. The literature search was conducted in data bases of PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE, Scopus, Google Scholar, and some Persian databases up to 31 July 2018. Of all the articles reviewed (1151 articles), 61 papers were eligible for systematic review. Results indicated variable heterogeneity between studies for different pollutants (I2 between 0 and 100). A subgroup analysis was performed for three different types of water resources such as drinking water, groundwater, and surface water to find the possible source of the heterogeneity. The pooled mean concentration level of iron was the highest at 255.8 (95% CI = 79.48-432.13 μg/l) and vanadium the lowest at 3.21 (95% CI = 1.45-4.98 μg/l). The sequence of metal concentration (μg/l) in descending order is as follows: Fe (255.8) > B (159.81) > Al (158.5) > Zn (130.73) > As (85.85) > Mn (51.61) > Cu (47.98) > Se (42.68) > Pb (37.22) > Co (22.76) > Mo (18.92) > Ni (16.79) > Cr (13.47) > Hg (4.49) > Cd (4.19) > V (3.21). The mean pooled concentration level of Al, As, Se, Pb, and Cd was higher than the WHO guideline and Iran Standard, and the rest of the metals had lower mean pooled concentration level. Pb and Cd were the common heavy metals that existed in all subgroups. As a recommendation, the relationship assessment of water parameters and heavy metals could be addressed in future studies of Iran's water resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masoumeh Ravanipour
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, PourSina St., QodsSt., Enghelab St, Tehran, 141761315, Iran
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Faculty of Health and Nutrition, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
| | - Mahdi Hadi
- Center for Water Quality Research (CWQR), Institute for Environmental Research (IER), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Noushin Rastkari
- Center for Water Quality Research (CWQR), Institute for Environmental Research (IER), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saeedeh Hemmati Borji
- Center for Water Quality Research (CWQR), Institute for Environmental Research (IER), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Simin Nasseri
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, PourSina St., QodsSt., Enghelab St, Tehran, 141761315, Iran.
- Center for Water Quality Research (CWQR), Institute for Environmental Research (IER), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Zhang W, Li W, Li J, Chang X, Niu S, Wu T, Kong L, Zhang T, Tang M, Xue Y. Neurobehavior and neuron damage following prolonged exposure of silver nanoparticles with/without polyvinylpyrrolidone coating in Caenorhabditis elegans. J Appl Toxicol 2021; 41:2055-2067. [PMID: 33993517 DOI: 10.1002/jat.4197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Revised: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 05/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have become widespread in the environment with increasing industrial applications. But the studies about their potential health risks are far from enough, especially in neurotoxic effects. This study aimed to investigate the neurotoxic effects of longer-term exposure (prolonged exposure for 48 h and chronic exposure for 6 days) of 20nm AgNPs with/without polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) coating at low concentrations (0.01-10 mg·L-1 ) to Caenorhabditis elegans. The results suggested that exposure to AgNPs induced damage to nematode survival, with the longest and relative average life span reduced. Exposure to AgNPs caused neurotoxicity on locomotion behaviors (head thrashes, body bends, pharyngeal pumping frequency, and defecation interval) and sensory perception behaviors (chemotaxis assay and thermotaxis assay), as well as impaired dopaminergic, GABAergic, and cholinergic neurons, except for glutamatergic, based on the alters fluorescence intensity, in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Further investigations suggested that the low-dose AgNPs (0.01-0.1 mg·L-1 ) exposure raises receptors of GABAergic and dopamine in C. elegans at the genetic level, whereas opposite results were observed at higher doses (1-10 mg·L-1 ), which implied that AgNPs could cause neurotoxicity by impairing neurotransmitter delivery. The PVP-AgNPs could cause a higher fatality rate and neurotoxicity at the same dose. Notably, AgNPs did not cause any deleterious effect on nematodes at the lowest dose of 0.01 mg·L-1 . In general, these results suggested that AgNPs possess the neurotoxic potential in C. elegans and provided useful information to understand the neurotoxicity of AgNPs, which would offer an inspiring perspective on the safe application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenli Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wenhua Li
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jiangyan Li
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaoru Chang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shuyan Niu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Tianshu Wu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lu Kong
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ting Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Meng Tang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuying Xue
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
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Gyamfi O, Sørensen PB, Darko G, Ansah E, Vorkamp K, Bak JL. Contamination, exposure and risk assessment of mercury in the soils of an artisanal gold mining community in Ghana. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 267:128910. [PMID: 33223211 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.128910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2020] [Revised: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Mercury pollution has pervaded many artisanal gold mining communities in the world, especially in developing countries. This study aimed to evaluate the potential risk of mercury pollution in soils in Gbani, an artisanal gold mining community in Ghana. Two hundred and thirty-seven soil samples were collected from within 0-10 cm depth, from active mining sites near residences, two transects in the community, waste soil from mining processing and the surroundings of the community. The measured mean mercury soil concentrations were 71 mg Hg/kg in active mining sites, and more moderate (2.7 mg Hg/kg) along transects through the community. Enrichment Factors classified the soils of the study area as being moderately to extremely severely contaminated with mercury. The spatial distribution shows the contamination of mercury is highest at residential facilities and decreases through the community to the outskirts covered by vegetation. Hazard quotients for non-cancer effects identified air-borne exposure pathways for humans to pose the largest risk, including the inhalation of vapour. The average hazard indices recorded were 0.5 (child) and 0.1 (adult) at the grid, 2 (child) and 0.3 (adult) at the transects, 1.6 (child) and 0.2 (adult) for waste soil and 76 (child) and 10.9 (adult) at the mining sites. The inhabitants of Gbani community are therefore at risk of non-cancer effects of mercury as the hazard quotients and hazard index were above one.
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Affiliation(s)
- Opoku Gyamfi
- Department of Chemistry, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana.
| | | | - Godfred Darko
- Department of Chemistry, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Eugene Ansah
- Department of Chemistry, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Katrin Vorkamp
- Department of Environmental Science, Aarhus University, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Jesper Leth Bak
- Institute of Bioscience, Aarhus University, Silkeborg, Denmark
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8
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Abstract
Lung cancer is the leading cause of global cancer incidence and mortality, accounting for an estimated 2 million diagnoses and 1.8 million deaths. Neoplasms of the lungs are the second most common cancer diagnosis in men and women (after prostate and breast cancer, respectively). With increasing access to tobacco and industrialization in developing nations, lung cancer incidence is rising globally. The average age of diagnosis is 70 years old. Men are twice as likely to be diagnosed with lung cancer, which largely reflects differences in tobacco consumption, although women may be more susceptible due to higher proportions of epidermal growth factor receptor mutations and the effects of oestrogen. African American men in the US are at the highest risk of lung cancer. Family history increases risk by 1.7-fold, with a greater risk among first-degree relatives. Tobacco smoking is the greatest preventable cause of death worldwide, accounting for up to 90% of lung cancer cases, and continued consumption is projected to increase global cancer incidence, particularly in developing nations such as China, Russia, and India. Second-hand smoke among children and spouses has likewise been implicated. Radon from natural underground uranium decay is the second leading cause of lung cancer in the developed world. Occupational hazards such as asbestos and environmental exposures such as air pollution, arsenic, and HIV and Tb infection have all been implicated in lung carcinogenesis, while cannabis smoking, electronic cigarettes, heated tobacco products, and COVID-19 have been hypothesized to increase risk.
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Ramon D, Morick D, Croot P, Berzak R, Scheinin A, Tchernov D, Davidovich N, Britzi M. A survey of arsenic, mercury, cadmium, and lead residues in seafood (fish, crustaceans, and cephalopods) from the south-eastern Mediterranean Sea. J Food Sci 2021; 86:1153-1161. [PMID: 33580563 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.15627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Revised: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Seafood is capable of bioaccumulating heavy metals (HM), making it a potentially major dietary source of HM for humans. Presently, little data exists on seafood from the eastern-most boundary of the Mediterranean Sea. This study aims to provide exposure insight of the Israeli population to HM through the consumption of locally caught seafood by assessing the levels of arsenic, mercury, cadmium, and lead in raw tissues of seafood. A wide survey of local fisheries was conducted providing 296 samples from 11 different species, including seven fish, two crustacean, and two cephalopod species. Total arsenic, cadmium, and lead were analyzed by graphite-furnace atomic absorption. Total mercury was measured by cold-vapor mercury analyzer. Arsenic speciation was performed by anion chromatography-inductively coupled plasma sector field mass spectrometry. Results suggested that the total arsenic concentrations were significantly higher in crustaceans and cephalopods than fish. Arsenic speciation revealed two samples that exceed 1 mg/kg of inorganic arsenic, whereas methylated arsenic was below the detection limit. Elevated mercury levels were detected in the commercial benthic species Mullus barbatus (red mullet), cadmium was detected in one-third of the samples, and lead detected in eight samples. Comparing the results to health guidelines, 99.4% of seafood tested in this study abide with acceptable levels of heavy metals in seafood, as defined by both Israeli and European Union guidelines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debra Ramon
- Department of Marine Biology, Leon H. Charney School of Marine Sciences, University of Haifa, Haifa, 3498838, Israel.,Morris Kahn Marine Research Station, University of Haifa, Haifa, 3498838, Israel
| | - Danny Morick
- Department of Marine Biology, Leon H. Charney School of Marine Sciences, University of Haifa, Haifa, 3498838, Israel.,Morris Kahn Marine Research Station, University of Haifa, Haifa, 3498838, Israel.,Hong Kong Branch of Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Hong Kong, China
| | - Peter Croot
- Earth and Ocean Sciences, School of Natural Science and Ryan Institute, National University of Ireland, Galway, H91 TK33, Ireland
| | - Ran Berzak
- Department of Marine Biology, Leon H. Charney School of Marine Sciences, University of Haifa, Haifa, 3498838, Israel.,Morris Kahn Marine Research Station, University of Haifa, Haifa, 3498838, Israel
| | - Aviad Scheinin
- Department of Marine Biology, Leon H. Charney School of Marine Sciences, University of Haifa, Haifa, 3498838, Israel.,Morris Kahn Marine Research Station, University of Haifa, Haifa, 3498838, Israel
| | - Dan Tchernov
- Department of Marine Biology, Leon H. Charney School of Marine Sciences, University of Haifa, Haifa, 3498838, Israel.,Morris Kahn Marine Research Station, University of Haifa, Haifa, 3498838, Israel.,Hong Kong Branch of Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Hong Kong, China
| | | | - Malka Britzi
- National Residue Control Laboratory, Kimron Veterinary Institute, Bet Dagan, 5025001, Israel
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10
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Barsouk A, Thandra KC, Saginala K, Rawla P, Barsouk A. Chemical Risk Factors of Primary Liver Cancer: An Update. Hepat Med 2021; 12:179-188. [PMID: 33447099 PMCID: PMC7801911 DOI: 10.2147/hmer.s278070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Primary liver cancer has the sixth highest incidence and fourth highest cancer mortality worldwide. Hepatitis B is the leading cause of liver cancer, though its incidence is decreasing with vaccination. Alcohol is the leading cause of liver transplant, cirrhosis, and cancer in the developed world, and is projected to surpass hepatitis B as the leading hepatic cancer etiology worldwide. Tobacco smoking has shown a positive association with liver cancer in a majority of studies, though not all. Aflatoxin, a mycotoxin produced by Aspergillus, is estimated to account for 3–20% of global liver cancer cases, 40% of which occur in sub-Saharan Africa. These statistics are confounded by the prevalence of hepatitis B, which may have a synergistic effect on hepatic carcinogenesis. Aflatoxin is ingested and likely inhaled from agricultural products, placing farmers, food processors, and textile workers in developing nations at risk. Vinyl-chloride is used in the production of PVC plastics and causes rare liver angiosarcoma, hepatocellular carcinoma, and other neoplasms. Arsenic and cadmium are naturally-occurring, hepatocarcinogenic metals with high occupational exposure in industries involving coal, metals, plastics, and batteries. Millions of laborers in waste-disposal and manufacturing are exposed to organic solvents and N-nitrosamines, which vary from carcinogenic (group 1) to possibly carcinogenic (group 2B) in their IARC designation. Insecticide DDT is possibly hepatocarcinogenic (group 2B), though continues to be used for malaria control in the developing world. While suggested by case reports, anabolic steroids and oral contraceptives have not been shown to increase liver cancer risk in large studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Barsouk
- Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
| | - Krishna Chaitanya Thandra
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Sentara Virginia Beach General Hospital, Virginia Beach, VA, USA
| | - Kalyan Saginala
- Plains Regional Medical Group Internal Medicine, Clovis, NM 88101, USA
| | - Prashanth Rawla
- Department of Medicine, Sovah Health, Martinsville, VA 24112, USA
| | - Alexander Barsouk
- Hematologist-Oncologist, Allegheny Health Network, Pittsburgh, PA 15212, USA
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Ficociello G, Inverni A, Massimi L, Buccini G, Canepari S, Uccelletti D. Assessment of the effects of atmospheric pollutants using the animal model Caenorhabditis elegans. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2020; 191:110209. [PMID: 32937173 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2020.110209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Revised: 08/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Air pollution is recognized as the world's largest environmental health risk. In this work we evaluated in vivo the effects of three relevant components of atmospheric dusts (brake dust, wood pellet ash and Saharan dust) employing the animal model Caenorhabditis elegans. Main endpoints of C. elegans such as life span, brood size and oxidative stress were addressed by exposing the nematodes to different dust concentrations. Brake dust and pellet ash affected the life span and increased significantly the oxidative stress of exposed nematodes, while Saharan dust showed no effects. Water soluble and insoluble fractions of these dusts were used to investigate the impact of the single fraction on C. elegans. The two fractions of brake dust and pellet ash exerted different effects on C. elegans endpoints in terms of life span and oxidative stress response. These fractions acted in different ways on the worm susceptibility to infection of two human pathogens (Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa) affecting the sek-1 gene expression. In conclusion, our study showed that C. elegans is a valuable tool to investigate in vivo possible effects of atmospheric dusts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Graziella Ficociello
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology "Charles Darwin", Sapienza University of Rome, P.le Aldo Moro, 5, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Agnese Inverni
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology "Charles Darwin", Sapienza University of Rome, P.le Aldo Moro, 5, 00185, Rome, Italy; Chemistry Department, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le Aldo Moro, 5, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Massimi
- Chemistry Department, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le Aldo Moro, 5, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Giulio Buccini
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology "Charles Darwin", Sapienza University of Rome, P.le Aldo Moro, 5, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Silvia Canepari
- Chemistry Department, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le Aldo Moro, 5, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Daniela Uccelletti
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology "Charles Darwin", Sapienza University of Rome, P.le Aldo Moro, 5, 00185, Rome, Italy.
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12
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Mondal B, Bairagi D, Nandi N, Hansda B, Das KS, Edwards-Gayle CJC, Castelletto V, Hamley IW, Banerjee A. Peptide-Based Gel in Environmental Remediation: Removal of Toxic Organic Dyes and Hazardous Pb 2+ and Cd 2+ Ions from Wastewater and Oil Spill Recovery. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2020; 36:12942-12953. [PMID: 33078952 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.0c02205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
A dipeptide-based synthetic amphiphile bearing a myristyl chain has been found to form hydrogels in the pH range 6.9-8.5 and organogels in various organic solvents including petroleum ether, diesel, kerosene, and petrol. These organogels and hydrogels have been thoroughly studied and characterized by different techniques including high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, and rheology. It has been found that the xerogel obtained from the peptide gelator can trap various toxic organic dyes from wastewater efficiently. Moreover, the hydrogel has been used to remove toxic heavy metal ions Pb2+ and Cd2+ from wastewater. Dye adsorption kinetics has been studied, and it has been fitted by using the Freundlich isotherm equation. Interestingly, the gelator amphiphilic peptide gels fuel oil, kerosene, diesel, and petrol in a biphasic mixture of salt water and oil within a few seconds. This indicates that these gels not only may find application in oil spill recovery but also can be used to remove toxic organic dyes and hazardous toxic metal ions from wastewater. Moreover, the gelator can be recycled several times without significant loss of activity, suggesting the sustainability of this new gelator. This holds future promise for environmental remediation by using peptide-based gelators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biplab Mondal
- School of Biological Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, 2A & 2B Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Dipayan Bairagi
- School of Biological Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, 2A & 2B Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Nibedita Nandi
- School of Biological Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, 2A & 2B Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Biswanath Hansda
- School of Biological Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, 2A & 2B Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Krishna Sundar Das
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, 2A & 2B Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India
| | | | - Valeria Castelletto
- Department of Chemistry, University of Reading, White Knights, Reading RG6 6AD, U.K
| | - Ian W Hamley
- Department of Chemistry, University of Reading, White Knights, Reading RG6 6AD, U.K
| | - Arindam Banerjee
- School of Biological Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, 2A & 2B Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India
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A new screening index to better target low-level lead exposure in Atlanta, Georgia. Sci Rep 2020; 10:18087. [PMID: 33093591 PMCID: PMC7581719 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-75000-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Lead poisoning is often seen as a problem of the past. While acute cases are now rare, there is no known safe level of lead for children and blood lead levels at and below 5 μg/dL are associated with neurological deficits. Previous work has established that risk factors for lead exposure include race/ethnicity, poverty, Medicaid enrollment, housing built before 1950, and age. Efficient blood lead screening is crucial in the greater Atlanta area as pockets of poverty and old housing put some children at particularly high risk for chronic exposure to low levels of lead. Here, 20 years of data on children’s blood lead levels in Georgia were used to create maps to assess the spatial distribution of blood lead screening and blood lead levels in the Atlanta area. ZIP code tabulation area (ZCTA)-level screening rates continue to be associated with relative poverty but not with housing age, a well-established risk factor for lead exposure. Building on previous research, a priority screening index based on poverty and housing age was also created to identify specific high-risk census tracts for screening within Atlanta ZCTAs. This index shows a total of 18 highest-priority census tracts in the greater Atlanta area. Together, these 18 tracts contain 2715 children under six years old, 1.7% of all children under six years old in the entire greater Atlanta area.
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Shvachiy L, Geraldes V, Amaro-Leal Â, Rocha I. Persistent Effects on Cardiorespiratory and Nervous Systems Induced by Long-Term Lead Exposure: Results from a Longitudinal Study. Neurotox Res 2020; 37:857-870. [PMID: 31997153 DOI: 10.1007/s12640-020-00162-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2019] [Revised: 01/06/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Long-term lead (Pb) exposure alters the normal development of the nervous system and physiology. It affects multiple organ systems, causing hypertension, cardiorespiratory dysfunction, being a well-known neurotoxin, inducing changes in neurogenesis, neurodegeneration, and glial cells. However, studies of the developmental effects of lead and its outcomes throughout life are lacking. Determine morphofunctional, behavioral, and cognitive developmental effects of long-term lead exposure at three different ages. Wistar rats were exposed to a Pb-acetate solution from fetal period until adulthood and compared to a non-exposed control group. General behavior and cognitive skills were evaluated by behavioral tests and physiological data and cardiorespiratory reflexes measured. Neurodegeneration, neuroinflammation, and synaptic activity were assessed by immunohistochemistry. Lead exposure caused long-lasting anxiety-like behavior and strong long-term memory impairment without changes in locomotor and exploratory activity. Hypertension was observed at all time points, concomitant with baroreflex impairment and increased chemoreflex sensitivity. Persistent neuroinflammation, transient synaptic overexcitation without neurodegeneration was observed. Long-term Pb exposure, since fetal period, causes long-lasting anxiety-like behavior, concomitant with hypertension, without general motor skills impairment. Synaptic overexcitation, reactive astrogliosis, and microgliosis could underlie behavioral and long-term memory changes, which might have been caused during developmental phases and consolidated during adulthood. Also, alterations observed in the cardiorespiratory reflexes can explain persistent hypertension. This longitudinal study identifies and characterizes lead toxicity nature and magnitude, important to devise and test potential interventions to attenuate the long-term harmful effects of lead on the nervous and cardiovascular systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liana Shvachiy
- Centro Cardiovascular da Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Av Prof Egas Moniz, 1649-028, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Vera Geraldes
- Centro Cardiovascular da Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Av Prof Egas Moniz, 1649-028, Lisbon, Portugal.
| | - Ângela Amaro-Leal
- Centro Cardiovascular da Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Av Prof Egas Moniz, 1649-028, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Isabel Rocha
- Centro Cardiovascular da Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Av Prof Egas Moniz, 1649-028, Lisbon, Portugal
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15
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Murugaiyan V, Ali J, Mahender A, Aslam UM, Jewel ZA, Pang Y, Marfori-Nazarea CM, Wu LB, Frei M, Li Z. Mapping of genomic regions associated with arsenic toxicity stress in a backcross breeding populations of rice (Oryza sativa L.). RICE (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2019; 12:61. [PMID: 31399885 PMCID: PMC6689042 DOI: 10.1186/s12284-019-0321-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2019] [Accepted: 08/02/2019] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Arsenic (As) is an unwanted toxic mineral that threatens the major rice-growing regions in the world, especially in South Asia. Rice production in Bangladesh and India depends on As-contaminated groundwater sources for irrigating paddy fields, resulting in elevated amounts of As in the topsoil. Arsenic accumulating in rice plants has a significant negative effect on human and animal health. Here, we present a quantitative trait locus (QTL) mapping study to identify candidate genes conferring As toxicity tolerance and accumulation in rice (Oryza sativa L.) seedlings. An early backcross breeding population consisting of 194 lines derived from a cross between WTR1 (indica) and Hao-an-nong (japonica) was grown in hydroponics for 25 days, from the seventh day exposed to an environmentally relevant concentration of 10 ppm As. RESULTS Arsenic toxicity leads to significantly negative plant responses, including reduced biomass, stunted plant growth, reduced leaf chlorophyll content, and increased shoot As concentration ranging from 9 to 20 mg kg- 1. Marker-trait association was determined for seven As-related traits using 704 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers generated from a 6 K SNP-array. One QTL was mapped on chromosome 1 for relative chlorophyll content, two QTLs for As content in roots were mapped on chromosome 8, and six QTLs for As content in shoots were mapped on chromosomes 2, 5, 6, and 9. Using the whole-genome sequence of the parents, we narrowed down the number of candidate genes associated with the QTL intervals based on the existence of a non-synonymous mutation in genes between the parental lines. Also, by using publicly available gene expression profiles for As stress, we further narrowed down the number of candidate genes in the QTL intervals by comparing the expression profiles of genes under As stress and control conditions. Twenty-five genes showing transcription regulation were considered as candidate gene nominees for As toxicity-related traits. CONCLUSIONS Our study provides insight into the genetic basis of As tolerance and uptake in the early seedling stage of rice. Comparing our findings with the previously reported QTLs for As toxicity stress in rice, we identified some novel and co-localized QTLs associated with As stress. Also, the mapped QTLs harbor gene models of known function associated with stress responses, metal homeostasis, and transporter activity in rice. Overall, our findings will assist breeders with initial marker information to develop suitable varieties for As-contaminated ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Varunseelan Murugaiyan
- Rice Breeding Platform, International Rice Research Institute (IRRI), 4031, Los Baños, Laguna, Philippines
- Plant Nutrition, Institute of Crop Sciences and Resource Conservation (INRES), University of Bonn, D-53012, Bonn, Germany
| | - Jauhar Ali
- Rice Breeding Platform, International Rice Research Institute (IRRI), 4031, Los Baños, Laguna, Philippines.
| | - Anumalla Mahender
- Rice Breeding Platform, International Rice Research Institute (IRRI), 4031, Los Baños, Laguna, Philippines
| | - Umair M Aslam
- Rice Breeding Platform, International Rice Research Institute (IRRI), 4031, Los Baños, Laguna, Philippines
| | - Zilhas Ahmed Jewel
- Rice Breeding Platform, International Rice Research Institute (IRRI), 4031, Los Baños, Laguna, Philippines
| | - Yunlong Pang
- Rice Breeding Platform, International Rice Research Institute (IRRI), 4031, Los Baños, Laguna, Philippines
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Agronomy, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, 271018, People's Republic of China
| | - Corinne M Marfori-Nazarea
- Rice Breeding Platform, International Rice Research Institute (IRRI), 4031, Los Baños, Laguna, Philippines
| | - Lin-Bo Wu
- Plant Nutrition, Institute of Crop Sciences and Resource Conservation (INRES), University of Bonn, D-53012, Bonn, Germany
| | - Michael Frei
- Plant Nutrition, Institute of Crop Sciences and Resource Conservation (INRES), University of Bonn, D-53012, Bonn, Germany
| | - Zhikang Li
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China
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16
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Qu M, Qiu Y, Lv R, Yue Y, Liu R, Yang F, Wang D, Li Y. Exposure to MPA-capped CdTe quantum dots causes reproductive toxicity effects by affecting oogenesis in nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2019; 173:54-62. [PMID: 30769203 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.02.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2018] [Revised: 01/27/2019] [Accepted: 02/05/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Quantum dots (QDs), considered as a type of excellent semiconductor nanomaterial, are widely employed and have a number of important applications. However, QDs have the potential to produce adverse effects and toxicity with the underlying molecular mechanisms not well understood. Herein, Caenorhabditis elegans was used for in vivo toxicity assessment to detect the reproductive toxicity of CdTe QDs. We found that exposure to CdTe QDs particles (≥ 50 mg/L) resulted in a defect in reproductive capacity, dysfunctional proliferation and differentiation, as well as an imbalance in oogenesis by reducing the number of cells in pachytene and diakinesis. Further, we identified a SPO-11 and PCH-2 mediated toxic mechanism and a GLP-1/Notch mediated protective mechanism in response to CdTe QDs particles (≥ 50 mg/L). Taken together, these results demonstrate the potential adverse impact of CdTe QDs (≥ 50 mg/L) exposure on oogenesis and provide valuable data and guidelines for evaluation of QD biocompatibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Man Qu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China
| | - Yuexiu Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China
| | - Rongrong Lv
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China
| | - Ying Yue
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China
| | - Ran Liu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China
| | - Fei Yang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, 110 Xiangya Road, Changsha 410078, China
| | - Dayong Wang
- Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China
| | - Yunhui Li
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China.
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17
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Yu XL, He Y. Application of Box-Behnken designs in parameters optimization of differential pulse anodic stripping voltammetry for lead(II) determination in two electrolytes. Sci Rep 2017; 7:2789. [PMID: 28584267 PMCID: PMC5459856 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-03030-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2016] [Accepted: 04/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Box-Behnken design was advantageous to parameters optimization of differential pulse anodic stripping voltammetry (DPASV) for the analysis of lead(II) with its high efficiency and accuracy. Five Box-Behnken designs were designed and conducted in the electrolyte of 0.1 mol/L acetate buffer and 0.1 mol/L HCl without the removal of oxygen. Significant parameters and interactions in each electrolyte were found (P-value < 0.05) and their quantitative effects on lead(II) determination were classified into two categories, linear and quadratic. Though significant parameters and interactions were not similar in different kinds of electrolytes, characteristic parameters of differential pulse voltammetry, which were pulse amplitude, pulse width and interval time, were found significant in both electrolytes. After optimization, peak currents and relative standard deviation at 20 μg/L along with detection limits in both electrolytes were superior than before. With the lower detection limit and R.S.D., 0.1 mol/L HCl was a better choice for electrolytes in this work. Meanwhile, with the combination of parameters optimization and background subtraction, the interference of dissolved oxygen for lead(II) determination was eliminated. It was important and necessary to apply Box-Behnken designs in parameters optimization of DPASV for lead(II) determination regardless of the electrolyte kinds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Lan Yu
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, P.R. China
| | - Yong He
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, P.R. China.
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18
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Sun L, Wu Q, Liao K, Yu P, Cui Q, Rui Q, Wang D. Contribution of heavy metals to toxicity of coal combustion related fine particulate matter (PM2.5) in Caenorhabditis elegans with wild-type or susceptible genetic background. CHEMOSPHERE 2016; 144:2392-400. [PMID: 26610299 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2015.11.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2015] [Revised: 10/24/2015] [Accepted: 11/08/2015] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Contribution of chemical components in coal combustion related fine particulate matter (PM2.5) to its toxicity is largely unclear. We focused on heavy metals in PM2.5 to investigate their contribution to toxicity formation in Caenorhabditis elegans. Among 8 heavy metals examined (Fe, Zn, Pb, As, Cd, Cr, Cu, and Ni), Pb, Cr, and Cu potentially contributed to PM2.5 toxicity in wild-type nematodes. Combinational exposure to any two of these three heavy metals caused higher toxicity than exposure to Pb, Cr, or Cu alone. Toxicity from the combinational exposure to Pb, Cr, and Cu at the examined concentrations was higher than exposure to PM2.5 (100 mg/L). Moreover, mutation of sod-2 or sod-3 gene encoding Mn-SOD increased susceptibility in nematodes exposed to Fe, Zn, or Ni, although Fe, Zn, or Ni at the examined concentration did not lead to toxicity in wild-type nematodes. Our results highlight the potential contribution of heavy metals to PM2.5 toxicity in environmental organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingmei Sun
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering in Ministry of Education, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Quli Wu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering in Ministry of Education, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Kai Liao
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering in Ministry of Education, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Peihang Yu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering in Ministry of Education, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Qiuhong Cui
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering in Ministry of Education, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Qi Rui
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Dayong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering in Ministry of Education, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China.
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Ruan Q, Qiao Y, Zhao Y, Xu Y, Wang M, Duan J, Wang D. Beneficial effects of Glycyrrhizae radix extract in preventing oxidative damage and extending the lifespan of Caenorhabditis elegans. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2016; 177:101-110. [PMID: 26626487 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2015.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2015] [Revised: 09/08/2015] [Accepted: 10/02/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Glycyrrhizae radix (GR) is a medicinal herb extensively used in traditional Chinese medicine. This study aimed to evaluate the pharmacological effect of GR and the possible mechanisms of GR, to provide a pharmacological basis in traditional medicine. MATERIALS AND METHODS In the present study, C. elegans (L1-larvae to young adults) was exposed to 0.12-0.24 g/mL of GR in 12-well sterile tissue culture plates at 20°C in the presence of food. Lethality, growth, lifespan, reproduction, locomotion, metabolism, intestinal autofluorescence, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production assays were performed to investigate the possible safety profile and beneficial effects of GR in these nematodes. We found that the lifespan of nematodes exposed to 0.18-0.24 g/mL of GR was extended. We then determined the mechanism of the longevity effect of GR using quantitative reverse transcription PCR and oxidative stress resistance assays induced by heat and paraquat. RESULTS Prolonged exposure to 0.12-0.24 g/mL of GR did not induce lethality, alter body length, morphology or metabolism, affect brood size, locomotion, the development of D-type GABAergic motor neurons, or induce significant induction of intestinal autofluorescence and intestinal ROS production. In C. elegans, pretreatment with GR suppressed the damage due to heat-stress or oxidative stress induced by paraquat, a ROS generator, on lifespan, and inhibited the induction of intestinal ROS production induced by paraquat. Moreover, prolonged exposure to GR extended lifespan, increased locomotion and decreased intestinal ROS production in adult day-12 nematodes. Furthermore, prolonged exposure to GR significantly altered the expression patterns of genes encoding the insulin-like signaling pathway which had a key role in longevity control. Mutation of daf-16 gene encoding the FOXO transcription factor significantly decreased lifespan, suppressed locomotion, and increased intestinal ROS production in GR exposed adult nematodes. CONCLUSIONS GR is relatively safe and has protective effects against the damage caused by both heat-stress and oxidative stress at the examined concentrations. Furthermore, GR is capable of extending the lifespan of nematodes, and the insulin-like signaling pathway may play a crucial role in regulating the lifespan-extending effects of GR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinli Ruan
- Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yan Qiao
- Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yunli Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human Disease in Ministry of Education, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Yun Xu
- Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Meng Wang
- Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Jinao Duan
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Dayong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human Disease in Ministry of Education, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China.
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20
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Tejeda-Benitez L, Olivero-Verbel J. Caenorhabditis elegans, a Biological Model for Research in Toxicology. REVIEWS OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2016; 237:1-35. [PMID: 26613986 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-23573-8_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Caenorhabditis elegans is a nematode of microscopic size which, due to its biological characteristics, has been used since the 1970s as a model for research in molecular biology, medicine, pharmacology, and toxicology. It was the first animal whose genome was completely sequenced and has played a key role in the understanding of apoptosis and RNA interference. The transparency of its body, short lifespan, ability to self-fertilize and ease of culture are advantages that make it ideal as a model in toxicology. Due to the fact that some of its biochemical pathways are similar to those of humans, it has been employed in research in several fields. C. elegans' use as a biological model in environmental toxicological assessments allows the determination of multiple endpoints. Some of these utilize the effects on the biological functions of the nematode and others use molecular markers. Endpoints such as lethality, growth, reproduction, and locomotion are the most studied, and usually employ the wild type Bristol N2 strain. Other endpoints use reporter genes, such as green fluorescence protein, driven by regulatory sequences from other genes related to different mechanisms of toxicity, such as heat shock, oxidative stress, CYP system, and metallothioneins among others, allowing the study of gene expression in a manner both rapid and easy. These transgenic strains of C. elegans represent a powerful tool to assess toxicity pathways for mixtures and environmental samples, and their numbers are growing in diversity and selectivity. However, other molecular biology techniques, including DNA microarrays and MicroRNAs have been explored to assess the effects of different toxicants and samples. C. elegans has allowed the assessment of neurotoxic effects for heavy metals and pesticides, among those more frequently studied, as the nematode has a very well defined nervous system. More recently, nanoparticles are emergent pollutants whose toxicity can be explored using this nematode. Overall, almost every type of known toxicant has been tested with this animal model. In the near future, the available knowledge on the life cycle of C. elegans should allow more studies on reproduction and transgenerational toxicity for newly developed chemicals and materials, facilitating their introduction in the market. The great diversity of endpoints and possibilities of this animal makes it an easy first-choice for rapid toxicity screening or to detail signaling pathways involved in mechanisms of toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lesly Tejeda-Benitez
- Environmental and Computational Chemistry Group, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zaragocilla Campus, University of Cartagena, Cartagena, 130014, Colombia.
| | - Jesus Olivero-Verbel
- Environmental and Computational Chemistry Group, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zaragocilla Campus, University of Cartagena, Cartagena, 130014, Colombia.
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21
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Zhao Y, Yu X, Jia R, Yang R, Rui Q, Wang D. Lactic Acid Bacteria Protects Caenorhabditis elegans from Toxicity of Graphene Oxide by Maintaining Normal Intestinal Permeability under different Genetic Backgrounds. Sci Rep 2015; 5:17233. [PMID: 26611622 PMCID: PMC4661518 DOI: 10.1038/srep17233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2015] [Accepted: 10/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) is safe and useful for food and feed fermentation. We employed Caenorhabditis elegans to investigate the possible beneficial effect of LAB (Lactobacillus bulgaricus) pretreatment against toxicity of graphene oxide (GO) and the underlying mechanisms. LAB prevented GO toxicity on the functions of both primary and secondary targeted organs in wild-type nematodes. LAB blocked translocation of GO into secondary targeted organs through intestinal barrier by maintaining normal intestinal permeability in wild-type nematodes. Moreover, LAB prevented GO damage on the functions of both primary and secondary targeted organs in exposed nematodes with mutations of susceptible genes (sod-2, sod-3, gas-1, and aak-2) to GO toxicity by sustaining normal intestinal permeability. LAB also sustained the normal defecation behavior in both wild-type nematodes and nematodes with mutations of susceptible genes. Therefore, the beneficial role of LAB against GO toxicity under different genetic backgrounds may be due to the combinational effects on intestinal permeability and defecation behavior. Moreover, the beneficial effects of LAB against GO toxicity was dependent on the function of ACS-22, homologous to mammalian FATP4 to mammalian FATP4. Our study provides highlight on establishment of pharmacological strategy to protect intestinal barrier from toxicity of GO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunli Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering in Ministry of Education, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233020, China
| | - Xiaoming Yu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering in Ministry of Education, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Ruhan Jia
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering in Ministry of Education, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Ruilong Yang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering in Ministry of Education, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Qi Rui
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Dayong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering in Ministry of Education, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
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Sun L, Lin Z, Liao K, Xi Z, Wang D. Adverse effects of coal combustion related fine particulate matter (PM2.5) on nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2015; 512-513:251-260. [PMID: 25625637 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.01.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2014] [Revised: 01/15/2015] [Accepted: 01/19/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The toxic effects of coal combustion related fine particulate matter (PM2.5), collected from Datong, Shanxi province, China, on nematode Caenorhabditis elegans were investigated. Exposure to PM2.5 resulted in deficits in development, reproduction, locomotion behavior, and lifespan, and induction of intestinal autofluorescence or reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. Prolonged exposure to PM2.5 led to more severe toxicity on nematodes than acute exposure. In addition, exposure to PM2.5 induced altered expression patterns of genes required for the control of oxidative stress. Reduction in mean defecation cycle length and developmental deficits in AVL and DVB neurons, which are involved in the control of defecation behavior, were also triggered by PM2.5 exposure. Thus, oxidative stress and abnormal defecation behavior may contribute greatly to the toxicity of coal combustion related PM2.5 in nematodes. The results also imply that the long-term adverse effects of coal combustion related PM2.5 on environmental organisms should be carefully considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingmei Sun
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering in Ministry of Education, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Zhiqing Lin
- Institute of Health and Environmental Medicine, Key Laboratory of Risk Assessment and Control Technology for Environmental & Food Safety, Tianjin 300050, China
| | - Kai Liao
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering in Ministry of Education, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Zhuge Xi
- Institute of Health and Environmental Medicine, Key Laboratory of Risk Assessment and Control Technology for Environmental & Food Safety, Tianjin 300050, China.
| | - Dayong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering in Ministry of Education, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China.
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23
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Yu X, Guan X, Wu Q, Zhao Y, Wang D. Vitamin E ameliorates neurodegeneration related phenotypes caused by neurotoxicity of Al2O3-nanoparticles in C. elegans. Toxicol Res (Camb) 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5tx00029g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Vitamin E has the potential to ameliorate the neurotoxicity of Al2O3-nanoparticles that induce neurodegeneration related phenotypes inC. elegans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoming Yu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering in Ministry of Education
- Medical School of Southeast University
- Nanjing 210009
- China
| | - Xiangmin Guan
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering in Ministry of Education
- Medical School of Southeast University
- Nanjing 210009
- China
| | - Qiuli Wu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering in Ministry of Education
- Medical School of Southeast University
- Nanjing 210009
- China
| | - Yunli Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering in Ministry of Education
- Medical School of Southeast University
- Nanjing 210009
- China
| | - Dayong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering in Ministry of Education
- Medical School of Southeast University
- Nanjing 210009
- China
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24
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Yang R, Zhao Y, Yu X, Lin Z, Xi Z, Rui Q, Wang D. Insulin signaling regulates the toxicity of traffic-related PM2.5 on intestinal development and function in nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. Toxicol Res (Camb) 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c4tx00131a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Insulin signaling pathway may act as an important molecular basis for the toxicity of traffic-related PM2.5 in Caenorhabditis elegans, a non-mammalian toxicological model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruilong Yang
- College of Life Sciences
- Nanjing Agricultural University
- Nanjing 210095
- China
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering in Ministry of Education
| | - Yunli Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering in Ministry of Education
- Medical School of Southeast University
- Nanjing 210009
- China
| | - Xiaoming Yu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering in Ministry of Education
- Medical School of Southeast University
- Nanjing 210009
- China
| | - Zhiqing Lin
- Institute of Health and Environmental Medicine
- Key Laboratory of Risk Assessment and Control Technology for Environmental & Food Safety
- Tianjin 300050
- China
| | - Zhuge Xi
- Institute of Health and Environmental Medicine
- Key Laboratory of Risk Assessment and Control Technology for Environmental & Food Safety
- Tianjin 300050
- China
| | - Qi Rui
- College of Life Sciences
- Nanjing Agricultural University
- Nanjing 210095
- China
| | - Dayong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering in Ministry of Education
- Medical School of Southeast University
- Nanjing 210009
- China
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25
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Liu Z, Zhou X, Wu Q, Zhao Y, Wang D. Crucial role of intestinal barrier in the formation of transgenerational toxicity in quantum dot exposed nematodes Caenorhabditis elegans. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra16805h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
CdTe QDs caused the formation of transgenerational toxicity in nematodes. The intestinal barrier may play a crucial role in combatting the transgenerational toxicity of CdTe QDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhifei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering in Ministry of Education
- Medical School
- Southeast University
- Nanjing 210009
- China
| | - Xuefeng Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering in Ministry of Education
- Medical School
- Southeast University
- Nanjing 210009
- China
| | - Qiuli Wu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering in Ministry of Education
- Medical School
- Southeast University
- Nanjing 210009
- China
| | - Yunli Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering in Ministry of Education
- Medical School
- Southeast University
- Nanjing 210009
- China
| | - Dayong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering in Ministry of Education
- Medical School
- Southeast University
- Nanjing 210009
- China
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26
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Increased expression of microRNA-29a in ALS mice: functional analysis of its inhibition. J Mol Neurosci 2014; 53:231-41. [PMID: 24696165 DOI: 10.1007/s12031-014-0290-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2014] [Accepted: 03/18/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress has been implicated in a number of neurodegenerative diseases such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). MicroRNAs are small ribonucleic acids which can modulate protein expression by binding to the 3'UTR of target mRNAs. We recently identified increased miR-29a expression in response to ER stress in neurons, with members of the miR-29 family implicated in cancer and neurodegeneration. We found high expression of miR-29a in the mouse brain and spinal cord by quantitative PCR analysis and increased expression of miR-29a in the spinal cord of SOD1(G93A) transgenic mice, a mouse model of familial ALS. In situ hybridisation experiments revealed increased miR-29a expression in the lumbar spinal cord of SOD1(G93A) transgenic mice from postnatal day 70 onward when compared to wild-type mice. miR-29a knockdown was achieved in the CNS in vivo after a single intracerebroventricular injection of a miR-29a-specific antagomir. While analysis of disease progression and motor function could not identify a significant alteration in ALS disease manifestations, a trend towards increased lifespan was observed in male SOD1(G93A) mice. These findings demonstrate that miR-29a may act as a marker for disease progression in SOD1(G93A) mice, and provide first proof-of-concept for a therapeutic modulation of miR-29a function in ALS.
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27
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Qiao Y, Zhao Y, Wu Q, Sun L, Ruan Q, Chen Y, Wang M, Duan J, Wang D. Full toxicity assessment of Genkwa Flos and the underlying mechanism in nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. PLoS One 2014; 9:e91825. [PMID: 24626436 PMCID: PMC3953530 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0091825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2013] [Accepted: 02/16/2014] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Genkwa Flos (GF), the dried flower bud from Daphne genkwa Sieb. et Zucc. (Thymelaeaceae), is a well-known and widely used traditional Chinese medicine. However, we know little about the in vivo mechanism of GF toxicity. Nematode Caenorhabditis elegans has been considered as a useful toxicity assay system by offering a system best suited for asking the in vivo questions. In the present study, we employed the prolonged exposure assay system of C. elegans to perform the full in vivo toxicity assessment of raw-processed GF. Our data show that GF exposure could induce the toxicity on lifespan, development, reproduction, and locomotion behavior. GF exposure not only decreased body length but also induced the formation of abnormal vulva. The decrease in brood size in GF exposed nematodes appeared mainly at day-1 during the development of adult nematodes. The decrease of locomotion behavior in GF exposed nematodes might be due to the damage on development of D-type GABAergic motor neurons. Moreover, we observed the induction of intestinal reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and alteration of expression patterns of genes required for development of apical domain, microvilli, and apical junction of intestine in GF exposed nematodes, implying the possible dysfunction of the primary targeted organ. In addition, GF exposure induced increase in defecation cycle length and deficits in development of AVL and DVB neurons controlling the defecation behavior. Therefore, our study implies the usefulness of C. elegans assay system for toxicity assessment from a certain Chinese medicine or plant extract. The observed toxicity of GF might be the combinational effects of oxidative stress, dysfunction of intestine, and altered defecation behavior in nematodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Qiao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human Disease in Ministry of Education, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yunli Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human Disease in Ministry of Education, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qiuli Wu
- Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human Disease in Ministry of Education, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lingmei Sun
- Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human Disease in Ministry of Education, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qinli Ruan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Yanyan Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Meng Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Jinao Duan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Dayong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human Disease in Ministry of Education, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, China
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28
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Zhuang Z, Zhao Y, Wu Q, Li M, Liu H, Sun L, Gao W, Wang D. Adverse effects from clenbuterol and ractopamine on nematode Caenorhabditis elegans and the underlying mechanism. PLoS One 2014; 9:e85482. [PMID: 24465573 PMCID: PMC3897430 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0085482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2013] [Accepted: 11/27/2013] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
In the present study, we used Caenorhabditis elegans assay system to investigate in vivo toxicity from clentuberol and ractopamine and the possible underlying mechanism. Both acute and prolonged exposures to clentuberol or ractopamine decreased brood size and locomotion behavior, and induced intestinal autofluorescence and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. Although acute exposure to the examined concentrations of clentuberol or ractopamine did not induce lethality, prolonged exposure to 10 µg/L of clentuberol and ractopamine reduced lifespan. At relatively high concentrations, ractopamine exhibited more severe toxicity than clentuberol on nematodes. Overexpression of sod-2 gene encoding a Mn-SOD to prevent induction of oxidative stress effectively inhibited toxicity from clentuberol or ractopamine. Besides oxidative stress, we found that clentuberol might reduce lifespan through influencing insulin/IGF signaling pathway; however, ractopamine might reduce lifespan through affecting both insulin/IGF signaling pathway and TOR signaling pathway. Ractopamine more severely decreased expression levels of daf-16, sgk-1, skn-1, and aak-2 genes than clentuberol, and increased expression levels of daf-2 and age-1 genes at the examined concentration. Therefore, the C. elegans assay system may be useful for assessing the possible toxicity from weight loss agents, and clentuberol and ractopamine may induce toxicity through different molecular mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziheng Zhuang
- School of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Life Sciences, Changzhou University, Changzhou, China
| | - Yunli Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering in Ministry of Education, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qiuli Wu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering in Ministry of Education, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Min Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Life Sciences, Changzhou University, Changzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering in Ministry of Education, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Haicui Liu
- Xiuli Biological Technology Co., Ltd. Changzhou, China
| | - Lingmei Sun
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering in Ministry of Education, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wei Gao
- Jiangsu Province Product Quality Supervision and Inspection Institute, Nanjing, China
| | - Dayong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering in Ministry of Education, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, China
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29
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Rui Q, Zhao Y, Wu Q, Tang M, Wang D. Biosafety assessment of titanium dioxide nanoparticles in acutely exposed nematode Caenorhabditis elegans with mutations of genes required for oxidative stress or stress response. CHEMOSPHERE 2013; 93:2289-2296. [PMID: 24001673 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2013.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2013] [Revised: 07/27/2013] [Accepted: 08/02/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
We used Caenorhabditis elegans to investigate whether acute exposure to TiO2-NPs at the concentration of 20 μg L(-1) reflecting predicted environmental relevant concentration and 25 mg L(-1) reflecting concentration in food can cause toxicity on nematodes with mutations of susceptible genes. Among examined mutants associated with oxidative stress and stress response, we found that genes of sod-2, sod-3, mtl-2, and hsp-16.48 might be susceptible for TiO2-NPs toxicity. Mutations of these genes altered functions of both possible primary and secondary targeted organs in nematodes exposed to 25 mg L(-1) of TiO2-NPs for 24-h. Mutations of these genes caused similar expression patterns of genes required for oxidative stress in TiO2-NPs exposed mutant nematodes, implying their similar mechanisms to form the susceptible property. Nevertheless, acute exposure to 20 μg L(-1) of TiO2-NPs for 24-h and 25 mg L(-1) of TiO2-NPs for 0.48-h or 5.71-h did not influence functions of both possible primary and secondary targeted organs in sod-2, sod-3, mtl-2, and hsp-16.48 mutants. Therefore, our results suggest the relatively safe property of acute exposure to TiO2-NPs with certain durations at predicted environmental relevant concentrations or concentrations comparable to those in food in nematodes with mutations of some susceptible genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Rui
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; Environmental Medicine Engineering in Ministry of Education, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
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30
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Wu Q, Yin L, Li X, Tang M, Zhang T, Wang D. Contributions of altered permeability of intestinal barrier and defecation behavior to toxicity formation from graphene oxide in nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. NANOSCALE 2013; 5:9934-9943. [PMID: 23986404 DOI: 10.1039/c3nr02084c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Graphene oxide (GO) has been extensively studied for potential biomedical applications. Meanwhile, potential GO toxicity arises in both biomedical applications and non-biomedical products where environmental exposures may occur. In the present study, we examined the potential adverse effects of GO and the underlying mechanism using nematode Caenorhabditis elegans as the assay system. We compared the in vivo effects of GO between acute exposure and prolonged exposure, and found that prolonged exposure to 0.5-100 mg L(-1) of GO caused damage on functions of both primary (intestine) and secondary (neuron and reproductive organ) targeted organs. In the intestine, ROS production was significantly correlated with the formation of adverse effects on functions of both primary and secondary targeted organs. GO could be translocated into intestinal cells with loss of microvilli, and distributed to be adjacent to or surrounding mitochondria. Prolonged exposure to GO resulted in a hyper-permeable state of the intestinal barrier, an increase in mean defecation cycle length, and alteration of genes required for intestinal development and defecation behavior. Thus, our data suggest that prolonged exposure to GO may cause potential risk to environmental organisms after release into the environment. GO toxicity may be due to the combinational effects of oxidative stress in the intestinal barrier, enhanced permeability of the biological barrier, and suppressed defecation behavior in C. elegans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuli Wu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering in Ministry of Education, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China.
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31
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Zhang W, Lv T, Li M, Wu Q, Yang L, Liu H, Sun D, Sun L, Zhuang Z, Wang D. Beneficial effects of wheat gluten hydrolysate to extend lifespan and induce stress resistance in nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. PLoS One 2013; 8:e74553. [PMID: 24040279 PMCID: PMC3767650 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0074553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2013] [Accepted: 08/03/2013] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have showed that wheat gluten hydrolysate (WGH) has the anti-oxidative property. In the present study, we examined the possible safety property of WGH and the beneficial effects of WGH to extend lifespan and induce stress resistance using nematode Caenorhabditis elegans as the in vivo assay system. We found that WGH at concentrations of 0.1–1 mg/mL did not cause lethality, influence development, alter locomotion behavior and brood size, and induce significant intestinal autofluorescence and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in young adults. Treatment with 0.1–1 mg/mL of WGH significantly extended lifespans of nematodes under the normal conditions. Moreover, WGH treatment significantly inhibited the induction of intestinal autofluorescence and suppressed the decrease in locomotion behavior during the aging process of nematodes. Furthermore, pre-treatment with 1 mg/mL of WGH significantly suppressed the adverse effects caused by heat-stress or oxidative stress on nematodes as indicated by the alterations of both lifespan and intestinal ROS production. Therefore, WGH treatment is relatively safe and has beneficial effects on nematodes under both the normal conditions and the stress conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiming Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
- Nanjing Institute for Comprehensive Utilization of Wild Plants, Nanjing, China
| | - Ting Lv
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
- Nanjing Institute for Comprehensive Utilization of Wild Plants, Nanjing, China
| | - Min Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Life Sciences, Changzhou University, Changzhou, China
| | - Qiuli Wu
- Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human Disease in Ministry of Education, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Linsong Yang
- School of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Life Sciences, Changzhou University, Changzhou, China
| | - Hui Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Life Sciences, Changzhou University, Changzhou, China
| | - Dafeng Sun
- Nanjing Institute for Comprehensive Utilization of Wild Plants, Nanjing, China
| | - Lingmei Sun
- Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human Disease in Ministry of Education, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ziheng Zhuang
- School of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Life Sciences, Changzhou University, Changzhou, China
- * E-mail: (ZZ); (DW)
| | - Dayong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human Disease in Ministry of Education, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, China
- * E-mail: (ZZ); (DW)
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32
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Li Y, Li Y, Wu Q, Ye H, Sun L, Ye B, Wang D. High concentration of vitamin E decreases thermosensation and thermotaxis learning and the underlying mechanisms in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. PLoS One 2013; 8:e71180. [PMID: 23951104 PMCID: PMC3741368 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0071180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2013] [Accepted: 06/28/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
α-tocopherol is a powerful liposoluble antioxidant and the most abundant isoform of vitamin E in the body. Under normal physiological conditions, adverse effects of relatively high concentration of vitamin E on organisms and the underlying mechanisms are still largely unclear. In the present study, we used the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans as an in vivo assay system to investigate the possible adverse effects of high concentration of vitamin E on thermosensation and thermotaxis learning and the underlying mechanisms. Our data show that treatment with 100-200 µg/mL of vitamin E did not noticeably influence both thermosensation and thermotaxis learning; however, treatment with 400 µg/mL of vitamin E altered both thermosensation and thermotaxis learning. The observed decrease in thermotaxis learning in 400 µg/mL of vitamin E treated nematodes might be partially due to the moderate but significant deficits in thermosensation, but not due to deficits in locomotion behavior or perception to food and starvation. Treatment with 400 µg/mL of vitamin E did not noticeably influence the morphology of GABAergic neurons, but significantly decreased fluorescent intensities of the cell bodies in AFD sensory neurons and AIY interneurons, required for thermosensation and thermotaxis learning control. Treatment with 400 µg/mL of vitamin E affected presynaptic function of neurons, but had no remarkable effects on postsynaptic function. Moreover, promotion of synaptic transmission by activating PKC-1 effectively retrieved deficits in both thermosensation and thermotaxis learning induced by 400 µg/mL of vitamin E. Therefore, relatively high concentrations of vitamin E administration may cause adverse effects on thermosensation and thermotaxis learning by inducing damage on the development of specific neurons and presynaptic function under normal physiological conditions in C. elegans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiping Li
- Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human Diseases in Ministry of Education, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yinxia Li
- Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human Diseases in Ministry of Education, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qiuli Wu
- Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human Diseases in Ministry of Education, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Huayue Ye
- Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human Diseases in Ministry of Education, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, China
- College of Life Sciences and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lingmei Sun
- Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human Diseases in Ministry of Education, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Boping Ye
- College of Life Sciences and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Dayong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human Diseases in Ministry of Education, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, China
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33
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Nouara A, Wu Q, Li Y, Tang M, Wang H, Zhao Y, Wang D. Carboxylic acid functionalization prevents the translocation of multi-walled carbon nanotubes at predicted environmentally relevant concentrations into targeted organs of nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. NANOSCALE 2013; 5:6088-6096. [PMID: 23722228 DOI: 10.1039/c3nr00847a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Carboxyl (-COOH) surface modified multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs-COOH) can be used for targeted delivery of drugs and imaging. However, whether MWCNTs-COOH at environmentally relevant concentrations exert certain toxic effects on multicellular organisms and the underlying mechanisms are still largely unclear. In the present study, we applied the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans to evaluate the properties of MWCNTs-COOH at environmentally relevant concentrations by comparing the effects of MWCNTs and MWCNTs-COOH exposure on C. elegans from L1-larvae to adult at concentrations of 0.001-1000 μg L(-1). Exposure to MWCNTs could potentially damage the intestine (primary targeted organ) at concentrations greater than 0.1 μg L(-1) and functions of neurons and reproductive organ (secondary targeted organs) at concentrations greater than 0.001 μg L(-1). Carboxyl modification prevented the toxicity of MWCNTs on the primary and the secondary targeted organs at concentrations less than 100 μg L(-1), suggesting that carboxyl modification can effectively prevent the adverse effects of MWCNTs at environmentally relevant concentrations. After exposure, MWCNTs-COOH (1 mg L(-1)) were translocated into the spermatheca and embryos in the body through the primary targeted organs. However, MWCNTs-COOH (10 μg L(-1)) were not observed in spermatheca and embryos in the body of nematodes. Moreover, relatively high concentrations of MWCNTs-COOH exposed nematodes might have a hyper-permeable intestinal barrier, whereas MWCNTs-COOH at environmentally relevant concentrations effectively sustained the normally permeable state for the intestinal barrier. Therefore, we elucidated the cellular basis of carboxyl modification to prevent toxicity of MWCNTs at environmentally relevant concentrations. Our data highlights the key role of biological barriers in the primary targeted organs to block toxicity formation from MWCNTs, which will be useful for the design of effective prevention strategies against MWCNTs toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdelli Nouara
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering in Ministry of Education, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
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34
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Zhao Y, Wu Q, Li Y, Wang D. Translocation, transfer, and in vivo safety evaluation of engineered nanomaterials in the non-mammalian alternative toxicity assay model of nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. RSC Adv 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c2ra22798c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
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35
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Wu Q, Li Y, Tang M, Wang D. Evaluation of environmental safety concentrations of DMSA Coated Fe2O3-NPs using different assay systems in nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. PLoS One 2012; 7:e43729. [PMID: 22912902 PMCID: PMC3422352 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0043729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2012] [Accepted: 07/23/2012] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA) coating improves the uptake efficiency presumably by engendering the Fe(2)O(3)-NPs. In the present study, we investigated the possible environmental safety concentrations of Fe(2)O(3)-NPs using different assay systems in nematode Caenorhabditis elegans with lethality, development, reproduction, locomotion behavior, pharyngeal pumping, defecation, intestinal autofluorescence and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production as the endpoints. After exposure from L4-larvae for 24-hr, DMSA coated Fe(2)O(3)-NPs at concentrations more than 50 mg/L exhibited adverse effects on nematodes. After exposure from L1-larvae to adult, DMSA coated Fe(2)O(3)-NPs at concentrations more than 500 μg/L had adverse effects on nematodes. After exposure from L1-larvae to day-8 adult, DMSA coated Fe(2)O(3)-NPs at concentrations more than 100 μg/L resulted in the adverse effects on nematodes. Accompanied with the alterations of locomotion behaviors, ROS production was pronouncedly induced by exposure to DMSA coated Fe(2)O(3)-NPs in the examined three assay systems, and the close associations of ROS production with lethality, growth, reproduction, locomotion behavior, pharyngeal pumping, defecation, or intestinal autofluorescence in nematodes exposed to DMSA coated Fe(2)O(3)-NPs were confirmed by the linear regression analysis. Moreover, mutations of sod-2 and sod-3 genes, encoding Mn-SODs, showed more susceptible properties than wild-type when they were used for assessing the DMSA coated Fe(2)O(3)-NPs-induced toxicity, and the safety concentrations for DMSA coated Fe(2)O(3)-NPs should be defined as concentrations lower than 10 μg/L in sod-2 and sod-3 mutant nematodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuli Wu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering in Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yiping Li
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering in Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Meng Tang
- School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Dayong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering in Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, China
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