1
|
Billat PA, Brochot C, Brion F, Beaudouin R. A PBPK model to evaluate zebrafish eleutheroembryos' actual exposure: bisphenol A and analogs' (AF, F, and S) case studies. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:7640-7653. [PMID: 36044144 PMCID: PMC9894996 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-22741-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The zebrafish eleutheroembryo model is increasingly used to assess the toxicity and developmental adverse effects of xenobiotics. However, the actual exposure is seldom measured (poorly accessible), while a predictive model could estimate these concentrations. The predictions with a new eleutheroembryo physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model have been evaluated using datasets obtained from literature data for several bisphenols. The model simulated the toxicokinetics of bisphenols A (BPA), AF, F, and S through the eleutheroembryo tissues while considering the body and organ growth. We further improved the predictions by adding dynamic flows through the embryo and/or its chorion, impact of experimental temperature, metabolic clearance, and saturation of the absorption by Bayesian calibration. The model structure was determined using the BPA dataset and generalized to the other bisphenols. This model revealed the central role of the chorion in the compound uptake in the first 48 h post-fertilization. The predictions for the BPA substitutes estimated by our PBPK model were compared to available toxicokinetics data for zebrafish embryos, and 63% and 88% of them were within a twofold and fivefold error intervals of the corresponding experimental values, respectively. This model provides a tool to design new eleutheroembryo assays and evaluate the actual exposure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pierre-André Billat
- Experimental Toxicology and Modeling Unit (TEAM), INERIS, Parc ALATA BP2, Verneuil en Halatte, France
| | - Céline Brochot
- Experimental Toxicology and Modeling Unit (TEAM), INERIS, Parc ALATA BP2, Verneuil en Halatte, France
| | - François Brion
- Ecotoxicology of Substances and Environments Unit (ESMI), INERIS, Parc ALATA BP2, Verneuil en Halatte, France
- UMR-I 02 SEBIO, INERIS, Parc ALATA BP2, Verneuil en Halatte, France
| | - Rémy Beaudouin
- Experimental Toxicology and Modeling Unit (TEAM), INERIS, Parc ALATA BP2, Verneuil en Halatte, France.
- UMR-I 02 SEBIO, INERIS, Parc ALATA BP2, Verneuil en Halatte, France.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Lewis AJ, Yun X, Spooner DE, Kurz MJ, McKenzie ER, Sales CM. Exposure pathways and bioaccumulation of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances in freshwater aquatic ecosystems: Key considerations. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 822:153561. [PMID: 35101505 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.153561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Revised: 01/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Due to the bioaccumulative behavior, toxicity, and recalcitrance to degradation, per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are a focus for many researchers investigating freshwater aquatic ecosystems. PFAS are a diverse set of chemicals that accumulate and transport quite differently in the environment depending on the length of their fluoroalkyl chains and their functional groups. This diversity in PFAS chemical characteristics combined with varying environmental factors also impact the bioaccumulation of these compounds in different organisms. In this review, we evaluate environmental factors (such as organic carbon, proteins, lipids, and dissolved cations) as well as PFAS characteristics (head group, chain-length, and concentration) that contribute to the significant variation seen in the literature of bioaccumulation metrics reported for organisms in aquatic ecosystems. Of the factors evaluated, it was found that PFAS concentration, dissolved organic matter, sediment organic matter, and biotransformation of precursor PFAS tended to significantly impact reported bioaccumulation metrics the most. Based on this review, it is highly suggested that future studies provide sufficient details of important environmental factors, specific organism traits/ behavior, and PFAS concentrations/compounds when reporting on bioaccumulation metrics to further fill data gaps and improve our understanding of PFAS in aquatic ecosystems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Asa J Lewis
- Department of Civil, Architectural, and Environmental Engineering, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
| | - Xiaoyan Yun
- Civil and Environmental Engineering Department, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, USA
| | - Daniel E Spooner
- Department of Biology, Lock Haven University, Lock Haven, PA 17745, USA
| | - Marie J Kurz
- Academy of Natural Sciences of Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19103, USA
| | - Erica R McKenzie
- Civil and Environmental Engineering Department, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, USA
| | - Christopher M Sales
- Department of Civil, Architectural, and Environmental Engineering, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Jarjour J, Yan B, Munoz G, Desrosiers M, Sauvé S, Liu J. Reduced bioaccumulation of fluorotelomer sulfonates and perfluoroalkyl acids in earthworms (Eisenia fetida) from soils amended with modified clays. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 423:126999. [PMID: 34461538 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.126999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2021] [Revised: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Soils contaminated by per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) pose long-term sources to adjacent water bodies and soil invertebrates. The study investigated the stabilization using a modified clay adsorbent (FLUORO-SORB100®) in reducing the bioaccumulation of 13 anionic PFAS by earthworms (Eisenia fetida), as compared to coal-based granular activated carbon. The target PFAS included four perfluoroalkyl sulfonates such as perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS), six perfluoroalkyl carboxylates (e.g., perfluorooctanoate PFOA), and three (X:2) fluorotelomer sulfonates. Laboratory-spiked surface soil and the soil collected from a site contaminated by aqueous film-forming foams were examined. Both adsorbents resulted in reduced earthworm PFAS body burdens at the end of the 28-day uptake phase. The highest adsorbent amendment concentration (4 w/w%) was most effective, achieving >95% reduction of PFAS body burden. Soil leaching tests indicated better immobilization performance by the clay adsorbent for most analytes; in comparison, the activated carbon performed better at reducing total PFAS body burdens, possibly owing to the avoidance of larger-sized particles by earthworms. Strong positive logarithm relationships were observed between leachate concentrations and earthworm body burdens for most PFAS in the spiked soil. The study demonstrated that stabilization of PFAS using modified clay adsorbents can achieve concurrent benefits of lowering leachability and reducing bioaccumulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julie Jarjour
- Department of Civil Engineering, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Bei Yan
- Department of Civil Engineering, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Gabriel Munoz
- Department of Chemistry, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Mélanie Desrosiers
- Centre d'expertise en analyse environnementale du Québec, ministère de l'Environnement et de la Lutte contre les changements climatiques, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Sébastien Sauvé
- Department of Chemistry, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Jinxia Liu
- Department of Civil Engineering, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Munoz G, Desrosiers M, Vetter L, Vo Duy S, Jarjour J, Liu J, Sauvé S. Bioaccumulation of Zwitterionic Polyfluoroalkyl Substances in Earthworms Exposed to Aqueous Film-Forming Foam Impacted Soils. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2020; 54:1687-1697. [PMID: 31922403 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.9b05102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Critical knowledge gaps remain regarding the fate and effects of zwitterionic, cationic, and anionic perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs), including assessment of their bioaccumulation potential. Here, biota soil accumulation factors (BSAFs) were assessed in earthworms (Eisenia fetida) exposed to soil microcosms amended with zwitterionic fluorotelomers and anionic perfluoroalkyl acids. The 6:2 fluorotelomer sulfonamidoalkyl betaine (6:2 FTAB) bioaccumulated in earthworms [BSAF ∼ 2.5-5.4 (gdw,worm/gdw,soil)-1] but to a lesser extent than perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS: BSAF ∼ 21-29). The BSAF of perfluorocarboxylates increased from ∼2.0 for C4-C6 analogues to ∼92 for perfluorotridecanoate (C13). In earthworms exposed to Ansulite and Arctic Foam aqueous film-forming foams (AFFFs), the BSAF was related to perfluorinated chain length for n:3 fluorotelomer betaines (FtBs), n:1:2 FtB, and n:2 FTAB. Earthworms were also collected in situ from a fire-equipment testing site at a major Canadian airport. Summed PFAS concentrations were between 65 000 and 830 000 ng g-1 wet weight, possibly the highest burden recorded in terrestrial biota. Fluorotelomer sulfonates (6:2 FTS, 8:2 FTS, and 10:2 FTS) and FtB were particularly prevalent. Field worms also displayed elevated concentrations of n:3 acids (n = 3-11), but not those from laboratory microcosms exposed to fluorotelomer-based AFFFs. The findings provide an important confirmation to recent data suggesting that fluorotelomer compounds may accumulate in invertebrate species with limited metabolization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Munoz
- Department of Chemistry , Université de Montréal , Montreal , Quebec H3C 3J7 , Canada
| | - Mélanie Desrosiers
- Centre d'expertise en analyse environnementale du Québec , Ministère de l'Environnement et de la Lutte contre les changements climatiques , Quebec City , Quebec G1P3W8 , Canada
| | - Laura Vetter
- Department of Chemistry , Université de Montréal , Montreal , Quebec H3C 3J7 , Canada
- UFR Sciences Fondamentales et Appliquées , Université de Lorraine , 57070 Metz , France
| | - Sung Vo Duy
- Department of Chemistry , Université de Montréal , Montreal , Quebec H3C 3J7 , Canada
| | - Julie Jarjour
- Department of Civil Engineering , McGill University , Montreal , Quebec H3A 0C3 , Canada
| | - Jinxia Liu
- Department of Civil Engineering , McGill University , Montreal , Quebec H3A 0C3 , Canada
| | - Sébastien Sauvé
- Department of Chemistry , Université de Montréal , Montreal , Quebec H3C 3J7 , Canada
| |
Collapse
|