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Grmasha RA, Al-Sareji OJ, Meiczinger M, Al-Juboori RA, Stenger-Kovács C, Lengyel E, Sh Majdi H, AlKhaddar R, Mohammed SJ, Hashim KS. Seasonal variation and concentration of PAHs in Lake Balaton sediment: A study on molecular weight distribution and sources of pollution. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2024; 202:116333. [PMID: 38579446 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2024.116333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024]
Abstract
The temporal and spatial variations of 16 Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) were examined at multiple sites around Lake Balaton from February 2023 to January 2024. The results indicated that the concentrations of PAHs in sediment were high during the winter months, 448.35 to 619.77 ng/g dry weight, and low during the summer months, 257.21 to 465.49 ng/g dry weight. The concentration of high molecular weight PAHs (HMWPAHs), consisting of 5-6 rings, was greater than that of low molecular weight PAHs (LMWPAHs), which had 2-3 rings. The total incremental lifetime cancer risk (ILCR) for both dermal and ingestion pathways was high for both adults and children during the four seasons, with the highest records as the following: winter > spring > summer > autumn. The ecological effects of the 16 PAHs were negligible except for acenaphthylene (Acy) and fluorene (Fl), which displayed slightly higher concentrations during the autumn and spring, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruqayah Ali Grmasha
- University of Pannonia, Faculty of Engineering, Center for Natural Science, Research Group of Limnology, H-8200 Veszprem, Egyetem u. 10, Hungary; Sustainability Solutions Research Lab, Faculty of Engineering, University of Pannonia, Egyetem str. 10, Veszprém H 8200, Hungary; Environmental Research and Studies Center, University of Babylon, Al-Hillah, Babylon 51001, Iraq.
| | - Osamah J Al-Sareji
- Sustainability Solutions Research Lab, Faculty of Engineering, University of Pannonia, Egyetem str. 10, Veszprém H 8200, Hungary; Research Centre of Engineering Sciences, Department of Materials Sciences and Engineering, University of Pannonia, PO Box 158, H-8201 Veszprém, Hungary; Environmental Research and Studies Center, University of Babylon, Al-Hillah, Babylon 51001, Iraq
| | - Mónika Meiczinger
- Sustainability Solutions Research Lab, Faculty of Engineering, University of Pannonia, Egyetem str. 10, Veszprém H 8200, Hungary
| | - Raed A Al-Juboori
- NYUAD Water Research Center, New York University-Abu Dhabi Campus, PO Box 129188, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates; Water and Environmental Engineering Research Group, Department of Built Environment, Aalto University, P.O. Box 15200, Aalto, FI-00076, Espoo, Finland
| | - Csilla Stenger-Kovács
- University of Pannonia, Faculty of Engineering, Center for Natural Science, Research Group of Limnology, H-8200 Veszprem, Egyetem u. 10, Hungary; HUN-REN-PE Limnoecology Research Group, Egyetem utca 10, H-8200 Veszprém, Hungary
| | - Edina Lengyel
- University of Pannonia, Faculty of Engineering, Center for Natural Science, Research Group of Limnology, H-8200 Veszprem, Egyetem u. 10, Hungary
| | - Hasan Sh Majdi
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Petroleum Industries, Al-Mustaqbal University, Al-Hillah, Babylon 51001, Iraq
| | - Rafid AlKhaddar
- School of Civil Engineering and Built Environment, Liverpool John Moores University, UK
| | | | - Khalid S Hashim
- School of Civil Engineering and Built Environment, Liverpool John Moores University, UK; Environmental Research and Studies Center, University of Babylon, Al-Hillah, Babylon 51001, Iraq; Dijlah University College, Baghdad, Iraq
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2
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Grmasha RA, Stenger-Kovács C, Al-Sareji OJ, Al-Juboori RA, Meiczinger M, Andredaki M, Idowu IA, Majdi HS, Hashim K, Al-Ansari N. Temporal and spatial distribution of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the Danube River in Hungary. Sci Rep 2024; 14:8318. [PMID: 38594356 PMCID: PMC11004153 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-58793-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024] Open
Abstract
The Danube is a significant transboundary river on a global scale, with several tributaries. The effluents from industrial operations and wastewater treatment plants have an impact on the river's aquatic ecosystem. These discharges provide a significant threat to aquatic life by deteriorating the quality of water and sediment. Hence, a total of 16 Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) compounds were analyzed at six locations along the river, covering a period of 12 months. The objective was to explore the temporal and spatial fluctuations of these chemicals in both water and sediment. The study revealed a significant fluctuation in the concentration of PAHs in water throughout the year, with levels ranging from 224.8 ng/L during the summer to 365.8 ng/L during the winter. Similarly, the concentration of PAHs in sediment samples varied from 316.7 ng/g in dry weight during the summer to 422.9 ng/g in dry weight during the winter. According to the Europe Drinking Water Directive, the levels of PAHs exceeded the permitted limit of 100 ng/L, resulting in a 124.8% rise in summer and a 265.8% increase in winter. The results suggest that the potential human-caused sources of PAHs were mostly derived from pyrolytic and pyrogenic processes, with pyrogenic sources being more dominant. Assessment of sediment quality standards (SQGs) showed that the levels of PAHs in sediments were below the Effect Range Low (ERL), except for acenaphthylene (Acy) and fluorene (Fl) concentrations. This suggests that there could be occasional biological consequences. The cumulative Individual Lifetime Cancer Risk (ILCR) exceeds 1/104 for both adults and children in all sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruqayah Ali Grmasha
- Limnology Research Group, Center for Natural Science, University of Pannonia, Egyetem Utca 10, 8200, Veszprém, Hungary
- Environmental Research and Studies Center, University of Babylon, Al-Hillah, 51001, Iraq
- Sustainability Solutions Research Lab, Faculty of Engineering, University of Pannonia, Egyetem Str. 10, 8200, Veszprém, Hungary
| | - Csilla Stenger-Kovács
- Limnology Research Group, Center for Natural Science, University of Pannonia, Egyetem Utca 10, 8200, Veszprém, Hungary
- HUN-REN-PE Limnoecology Research Group, Egyetem Utca 10, 8200, Veszprém, Hungary
| | - Osamah J Al-Sareji
- Environmental Research and Studies Center, University of Babylon, Al-Hillah, 51001, Iraq
- Sustainability Solutions Research Lab, Faculty of Engineering, University of Pannonia, Egyetem Str. 10, 8200, Veszprém, Hungary
| | - Raed A Al-Juboori
- NYUAD Water Research Center, New York University-Abu Dhabi Campus, Abu Dhabi, PO Box 129188, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
- Water and Environmental Engineering Research Group, Department of Built Environment, Aalto University, Aalto, PO Box 15200, 00076, Espoo, Finland
| | - Mónika Meiczinger
- Sustainability Solutions Research Lab, Faculty of Engineering, University of Pannonia, Egyetem Str. 10, 8200, Veszprém, Hungary
| | - Manolia Andredaki
- School of Civil Engineering and Built Environment, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK
| | - Ibijoke A Idowu
- School of Civil Engineering and Built Environment, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK
| | - Hasan Sh Majdi
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Petroleum Industries, Al-Mustaqbal University College, Hillah, Iraq
| | - Khalid Hashim
- Environmental Research and Studies Center, University of Babylon, Al-Hillah, 51001, Iraq.
- School of Civil Engineering and Built Environment, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK.
- Dijlah University College, Baghdad, Iraq.
| | - Nadhir Al-Ansari
- Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Lulea University of Technology, Lulea, Sweden.
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3
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Andrade ADC, Fernandes GM, Martins DA, Cavalcante RM, Chaves MRB, de Souza AA, da S Filho JP, Nascimento RF, de Lima SG. Concentrations, sources and risks of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in sediments from the Parnaiba Delta basin, Northeast Brazil. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 349:140889. [PMID: 38081521 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.140889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Revised: 11/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/02/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
The Parnaíba River is the main river in the Parnaíba Delta basin, the largest delta in the Americas. About 18 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were identified and the environmental risk associated with the sediments was evaluated. The study found that PAHs levels ranged from 5.92 to 1521.17 ng g-1, which was classified as low to high pollution, and that there were multiple sources of pollution along the river, with pyrolytic sources predominating, mainly from urban activity such as trucking, although the influence of rural activity cannot be ruled out. PAHs correlated with black carbon and organic matter and showed high correlation with acenaphthylene, phenanthrene, pyrene, benzo(a)anthracene, chrysene, benzo(ghi)perylene, and ∑PAHs. The benzo(a)pyrene levels were classified as a risk to aquatic life because the threshold effect level and the probable effect level were exceeded. In addition, the sediments were classified as slightly contaminated with a benzo(a)pyrene toxicity equivalent value of 108.43 ng g-1. Thus, the priority level PAH exhibited carcinogenic and mutagenic activity that posed a potential risk to human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Analine D C Andrade
- Laboratório de Geoquímica Orgânica (LAGO), Universidade Federal Do Piauí (UFPI), Ininga, 64049-550, Teresina, PI, Brazil
| | - Gabrielle M Fernandes
- Laboratório de Avaliação de Contaminantes Orgânicos (LACOr), Instituto de Ciências Do Mar (LABOMAR), Universidade Federal Do Ceará (UFC), Avenida Abolição, 3207, Meireles, 60165-081, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Davi A Martins
- Laboratório de Avaliação de Contaminantes Orgânicos (LACOr), Instituto de Ciências Do Mar (LABOMAR), Universidade Federal Do Ceará (UFC), Avenida Abolição, 3207, Meireles, 60165-081, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Rivelino M Cavalcante
- Laboratório de Avaliação de Contaminantes Orgânicos (LACOr), Instituto de Ciências Do Mar (LABOMAR), Universidade Federal Do Ceará (UFC), Avenida Abolição, 3207, Meireles, 60165-081, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Michel R B Chaves
- Universidade Federal Do Maranhão (UFMA), Av. João Alberto, 700, 65700-000, Bacabal, MA, Brazil
| | - Alexandre A de Souza
- Departamento de Química, Centro de Ciências da Natureza, Universidade Federal Do Piauí (UFPI), Ininga, 64049-550, Teresina, PI, Brazil
| | - Jeremias P da S Filho
- Departamento de Biologia, Centro de Ciências Natureza, Universidade Federal Do Piauí (UFPI), Ininga, 64049-550, Teresina, PI, Brazil
| | - Ronaldo F Nascimento
- Departamento de Química Analítica e Físico-Química, Universidade Federal Do Ceará (UFC), 60455-760, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Sidney G de Lima
- Laboratório de Geoquímica Orgânica (LAGO), Universidade Federal Do Piauí (UFPI), Ininga, 64049-550, Teresina, PI, Brazil.
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Xu L, Song S, Graham NJD, Yu W. Direct generation of DBPs from city dust during chlorine-based disinfection. WATER RESEARCH 2024; 248:120839. [PMID: 37980862 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2023.120839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/04/2023] [Indexed: 11/21/2023]
Abstract
Chlorine-based disinfectants, such as sodium hypochlorite, are extensively used in our daily lives. In particular, during the recent Covid-19 pandemic and post-pandemic period, excessive amounts of chlorine-based disinfectants were used both indoors and outdoors to interrupt virus transmission. However, the interaction between disinfectants and city dust during the disinfection process has not been sufficiently evaluated. In this study, we conducted a comprehensive investigation into the intrinsic characteristics (e.g. morphology, size, elemental composition, and organic content, etc.) of dust collected from various indoor and outdoor areas. The results showed that the organic carbon content of indoor dust reached 6.14 %, with a corresponding measured dissolved organic carbon value of 4.17 ± 0.23 mg/g (normalized to the dust weight). Concentrations of regulated DBPs, resulting from the interaction between dust and NaClO, ranged from 57.78 ± 2.72 to 102.80 ± 22.63 µg/g for THMs and from 119.18 ± 6.50 to 285.14 ± 36.95 µg/g for HAAs (normalized to the dust weight). More significantly, using non-target analysis through gas chromatography quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GC-qTOF-MS), we identified a total of 68, 89, and 87 types of halogenated DBPs from three typical indoor and outdoor sites (R-QH, C-JS, and W-BR, respectively). These unknown DBPs included compounds with higher toxicity compared to regulated DBPs. These findings highlight that city dust is a significant source of DBP generation during chlorine-based disinfection, posing potential harm to both the ecological environment and human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Xu
- Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Centre for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China.
| | - Shian Song
- Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Centre for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Nigel J D Graham
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Wenzheng Yu
- Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Centre for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China.
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He M, Dai P, Lu J, Kang Y, Zhang J, Wu H, Hu Z, Guo Z. Releasing and Assessing the Toxicity of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons from Biochar Loaded with Iron. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:48104-48112. [PMID: 38144079 PMCID: PMC10734020 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c06950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 11/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023]
Abstract
Iron (Fe)-loaded biochar has garnered attention for its potential applications in recent years. However, the pyrolysis process of Fe-loaded biochar generates polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), which can have adverse effects on both human health and the environment. This study explored the correlation between Fe loading and PAH production in Fe-loaded biochar. The results indicate that increasing Fe loading in biochar reduces the PAH concentration, with the most significant decrease observed in naphthalene (0.02-0.08 mg/kg). This reduction can be attributed to the decrease in precursor compounds (e.g., C2H2), substitution of the C=O bond by Fe-O, and a decrease in the dissolved organic matter concentration (3.19-10.76 mg/L) with Fe loading. When Fe loading increased from 0 to 10%, the ecological toxicity of biochar increased by 33.48% due to an elevated production of dibenzo[a,h]anthracene, which poses a significant risk to human health. Therefore, it is imperative to take into consideration the ecological risk of PAHs prior to the application of Fe-loaded biochar. This study presents a comprehensive risk assessment of Fe-loaded biochar and provides valuable insights into the optimization of its production and safe application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyu He
- Key
Laboratory of Ecological Impacts of Hydraulic-projects and Restoration
of Aquatic Ecosystem of Ministry of Water Resources, Wuhan 430079, China
- Shandong
Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School
of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Peng Dai
- Department
of Civil & Environmental Engineering, South Dakota State University, Brookings, South Dakota 57007, United States
| | - Jiaxing Lu
- Shandong
Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School
of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Yan Kang
- College
of Environment and Safety Engineering, Qingdao
University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Shandong
Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School
of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Haiming Wu
- Shandong
Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School
of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Zhen Hu
- Shandong
Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School
of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Zizhang Guo
- Key
Laboratory of Ecological Impacts of Hydraulic-projects and Restoration
of Aquatic Ecosystem of Ministry of Water Resources, Wuhan 430079, China
- Shandong
Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School
of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
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6
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Liu D, Wang H, Teng Y, Wu Q, Tang C, Gao X, Chen C, Zhu L. Biochemical responses of freshwater microalgae Chlorella sorokiniana to combined exposure of Zn(Ⅱ) and estrone with simultaneous pollutants removal. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2023; 348:119392. [PMID: 37879179 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.119392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Revised: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
With the development of livestock industry, contaminants such as divalent zinc ions (Zn (Ⅱ)) and estrone are often simultaneously detected in livestock wastewater. Nevertheless, the combined toxicity of these two pollutants on microalgae is still unclear. Moreover, microalgae have the potential for biosorption and bioaccumulation of heavy metals and organic compounds. Thus, this study investigated the joint effects of Zn (Ⅱ) and estrone on microalgae Chlorella sorokiniana, in terms of growth, photosynthetic activity and biomolecules, as well as pollutants removal by algae. Interestingly, a low Zn (Ⅱ) concentration promoted C. sorokiniana growth and photosynthetic activity, while the high concentration experienced inhibition. As the increase of estrone concentration, chlorophyll a content increased continuously to resist the environmental stress. Concurrently, the secretion of extracellular polysaccharides and proteins by algae increased with exposure to Zn (Ⅱ) and estrone, reducing toxicity of pollutants to microalgae. Reactive oxygen species and superoxide dismutase activity increased as the increase of pollutant concentration after 96 h cultivation, but high pollutant concentrations resulted in damage of cells, as proved by increased MDA content. Additionally, C. sorokiniana displayed remarkable removal efficiency for Zn (Ⅱ) and estrone, reaching up to 86.14% and 84.96% respectively. The study provides insights into the biochemical responses of microalgae to pollutants and highlights the potential of microalgae in pollutants removal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongyang Liu
- School of Resource and Environmental Sciences, Hubei Key Laboratory of Biomass-Resources Chemistry and Environmental Biotechnology, and Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Sustainable Resource and Energy, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430079, China
| | - Hanzhi Wang
- School of Resource and Environmental Sciences, Hubei Key Laboratory of Biomass-Resources Chemistry and Environmental Biotechnology, and Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Sustainable Resource and Energy, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430079, China
| | - Yue Teng
- School of Resource and Environmental Sciences, Hubei Key Laboratory of Biomass-Resources Chemistry and Environmental Biotechnology, and Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Sustainable Resource and Energy, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430079, China
| | - Qirui Wu
- School of Resource and Environmental Sciences, Hubei Key Laboratory of Biomass-Resources Chemistry and Environmental Biotechnology, and Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Sustainable Resource and Energy, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430079, China
| | - Chunming Tang
- School of Resource and Environmental Sciences, Hubei Key Laboratory of Biomass-Resources Chemistry and Environmental Biotechnology, and Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Sustainable Resource and Energy, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430079, China
| | - Xinxin Gao
- School of Resource and Environmental Sciences, Hubei Key Laboratory of Biomass-Resources Chemistry and Environmental Biotechnology, and Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Sustainable Resource and Energy, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430079, China
| | - Chaoqi Chen
- School of Resource and Environmental Sciences, Hubei Key Laboratory of Biomass-Resources Chemistry and Environmental Biotechnology, and Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Sustainable Resource and Energy, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430079, China.
| | - Liandong Zhu
- School of Resource and Environmental Sciences, Hubei Key Laboratory of Biomass-Resources Chemistry and Environmental Biotechnology, and Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Sustainable Resource and Energy, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430079, China; State Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China.
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7
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Szerement J, Kowalski A, Mokrzycki J, Marcińska-Mazur L, Mierzwa-Hersztek M. Restoration of soils contaminated with PAHs by the mixture of zeolite composites mixed with exogenous organic matter and mineral salts. Sci Rep 2023; 13:14227. [PMID: 37648836 PMCID: PMC10469190 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-41429-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The major cause of soil degradation (contamination, erosion, compaction) is closely linked to agriculture, i.e., unsustainable agriculture practices, which are reflected in the depletion of the soil organic carbon pool, loss in soil biodiversity, and reduction of C sink capacity in soils. Therefore, the agricultural practice of applying carbon-rich materials into the soil is an attractive solution for climate change mitigation and soil ecosystem sustainability. The paper aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of the addition of organic-mineral mixtures to the mineral salts (NPK), including the exogenous organic matter (lignite) mixed with zeolite-carbon (NaX-C) or zeolite-vermiculite (NaX-Ver) composites in the restoration of soils contaminated with PAHs. The addition of zeolite composites to fertilizer resulted in a significant reduction in soil PAH levels and a corresponding reduction in plant tissue content, without compromising yields, compared to the control and separate application of NPK. A Significant correlation between PAHs and pHH2O, pHKCl, EC and dehydrogenase activity (DhA) was found in soils. The addition of zeolite composites with lignite significantly reduced the content of PAHs in straws, especially following the application of NaX-C. However, in the case of grains, the highest percentage reduction in comparison to NPK was observed for the highest dose of NaX-Ver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justyna Szerement
- Department of Radiochemistry and Environmental Chemistry, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, 3 Maria Curie-Skłodowska Square, 20-031, Lublin, Poland.
| | - Adam Kowalski
- Department of Environmental Analysis, Geological Mapping and Economic Geology, AGH University of Science and Technology, Mickiewicza 30 Av., 30-059, Kraków, Poland
| | - Jakub Mokrzycki
- Department of Coal Chemistry and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Energy and Fuels, AGH University of Science and Technology, Mickiewicza 30 Av., 30-059, Kraków, Poland
| | - Lidia Marcińska-Mazur
- Department of Mineralogy, Petrography and Geochemistry, AGH University of Science and Technology, Mickiewicza 30 Av., 30-059, Kraków, Poland
| | - Monika Mierzwa-Hersztek
- Department of Mineralogy, Petrography and Geochemistry, AGH University of Science and Technology, Mickiewicza 30 Av., 30-059, Kraków, Poland
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Chemistry, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Mickiewicza 21 Av., 31-120, Kraków, Poland
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8
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Mao Q, Bao J, Du J, He T, Zhang Y, Cheng B. Biochar enhanced the stability and microbial metabolic activity of aerobic denitrification system under long-term oxytetracycline stress. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2023; 382:129188. [PMID: 37196743 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.129188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Reactors were established to study the feasibility of the direct addition of modified biochar to alleviate the long-term stress of oxytetracycline (OTC) on aerobic denitrification (AD) and improve the stability of the system. The results showed that OTC stimulated at μg/L, and inhibited at mg/L. The higher the concentration of OTC, the longer the system was affected. The addition of biochar, without immobilization, improved the tolerance of community, alleviated the irreversible inhibition effect of OTC, and maintained a high denitrification efficiency. Overall, the main mechanisms of AD enhancement by biochar under OTC stress were: enhancing the bacteria metabolic activity, strengthening sludge structure and substrate transport, and improving the community stability and diversity. This study confirmed that direct addition of biochar could effectively alleviate the negative effect of antibiotics on the microorganisms, strengthen the AD, which provided a new idea to broaden the application of AD technology in livestock wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qidi Mao
- School of Environment Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, PR China
| | - Jianguo Bao
- School of Environment Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, PR China.
| | - Jiangkun Du
- School of Environment Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, PR China
| | - Ting He
- School of Environment Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, PR China
| | - Yi Zhang
- School of Environment Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, PR China
| | - Benai Cheng
- School of Environment Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, PR China
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9
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Wang X, Wu R, He Y. Field evidences of fluorescent dissolved organic matter (FDOM) as potential fingerprints for agricultural and urban sources in river environment. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023:10.1007/s11356-023-27352-z. [PMID: 37155107 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-27352-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Field evidences of the fluorescence differences between agricultural and urban river reaches are still lack. In this study, the middle reaches of Danhe River (DH) and Mihe River (MH) in Shouguang, China, were designed as agricultural and urban river reaches, respectively, to compare the the fluorescence differences in disparate river reaches using excitation-emission matrix coupled with parallel factor analysis (EEM-PARAFAC). Three fluorescence components were identified. C1 (Ex/Em=230,255,295 nm/420 nm) was categorized as humic-like fluorophores, C2 (Ex/Em=230,275 nm/330 nm) was recognized as tryptophan-like substances, and C3 (Ex/Em=215 nm/290 nm) was noted as tyrosine-like and phenylalanine-like compounds. The results showed that the FDOM posed significant differences between agricultural and urban river reaches (P < 0.001). The monitoring sites in DH were rich in C2 (1.90 ± 0.62 Raman Unit (RU), mean ± standard deviation), and the monitoring sites in MH were rich in C3 (1.32 ± 0.51 RU). Redundancy analysis revealed that C2 could be regarded as a fluorescence indicator of agricultural sewage in river environment, while C3 was recognized as a fluorescence indicator of domestic sewage in river environment. In conclusion, this study provided field evidences of FDOM as potential fingerprints for agricultural and urban sources in river environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangyu Wang
- College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Ruilin Wu
- College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
- Department of Ecology and Environment of Shanxi Province, Taiyuan, 030024, Shanxi, China
| | - Yong He
- College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China.
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10
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Gao Q, Li L, Zhao Q, Wang K, Zhou H, Wang W, Ding J. Insights into high-solids anaerobic digestion of food waste concomitant with sorbate: Performance and mechanisms. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2023; 381:129159. [PMID: 37164229 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.129159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Revised: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
High-solids anaerobic digestion (HS-AD) of food waste is increasingly applied commercially. Sorbate, a food preservative extensively used in the food industry, induces potential environmental risks. Results indicated sorbate at 0-10 mg/g VS slightly inhibited methane production, and the cumulative methane yield suggested a negative correlation with 25 mg/g VS sorbate, with a reduction of 15.0% compared to the control (from 285.7 to 253.6 mL CH4/g VS). The reduction in methane yield could be ascribed to the promotion of solubilization and inhibition of acidogenesis and methanogenesis with sorbate addition. Excessive sorbate (25 mg/g VS) resulted in the inhibition of aceticlastic metabolism and the key enzymes activities (e.g., acetate kinase and coenzyme F420). This study deeply elucidated the response mechanism of HS-AD to sorbate, supplemented the potential ecological risk assessment of sorbate, and could provide insights to further prevent the potential risk of sorbate in anaerobic digestion of FW.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingwei Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resources and Environment (SKLUWRE), School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China
| | - Lili Li
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resources and Environment (SKLUWRE), School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China
| | - Qingliang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resources and Environment (SKLUWRE), School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China.
| | - Kun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resources and Environment (SKLUWRE), School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China
| | - Huimin Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resources and Environment (SKLUWRE), School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China
| | - Weiye Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resources and Environment (SKLUWRE), School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China
| | - Jing Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resources and Environment (SKLUWRE), School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China
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11
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Xu Y, Li H, Zhang X, Bai X, Wu L, Tan C, Zhang Z. Removal, migration, and distribution of naphthalene in bioretention facilities: the influences of particulate matter. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:46940-46949. [PMID: 36735139 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-25330-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Particulate matter (PM), as an important carrier of carrying and transporting runoff pollutants, can significantly affect the behavior and removal efficiency of pollutants in bioretention facilities. In order to control the pollution caused by naphthalene in bioretention facilities, the removal efficiency and migration characteristics of naphthalene were systematically investigated under the influences of PM. The results showed that the removal efficiency of naphthalene was 74 ~ 97% in bioretention facilities under the influences of PM. With the higher concentration, the lower rainfall return period, and the longer antecedent drying period, the removal efficiency of naphthalene in each medium layer were higher. Furthermore, the PM could increase the naphthalene adsorption capacity onto medium in the first 10 cm depth, which showed more than 80% removal efficiency and lower mobility of naphthalene. The removal efficiency of naphthalene was significantly higher (90 ~ 97%), when the particle size and concentration of PM were 0 ~ 45 μm and 500 mg/L, respectively. This study investigated the important role of PM for naphthalene removal in bioretention facilities, and provided effective guidelines for runoff pollution control, design of stormwater facilities, and assessment risk of naphthalene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Xu
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Sustainable Urban Sewage System Construction and Risk Control, Engineering and Architecture, Beijing University of Civil, 1 Zhanlanguan Road, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100044, China.,Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Future Urban Design, Beijing, 100044, China
| | - Haiyan Li
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Sustainable Urban Sewage System Construction and Risk Control, Engineering and Architecture, Beijing University of Civil, 1 Zhanlanguan Road, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100044, China. .,Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Future Urban Design, Beijing, 100044, China.
| | - Xiaoran Zhang
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Sustainable Urban Sewage System Construction and Risk Control, Engineering and Architecture, Beijing University of Civil, 1 Zhanlanguan Road, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100044, China.,Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Future Urban Design, Beijing, 100044, China
| | - Xiaojuan Bai
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Sustainable Urban Sewage System Construction and Risk Control, Engineering and Architecture, Beijing University of Civil, 1 Zhanlanguan Road, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100044, China.,Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Future Urban Design, Beijing, 100044, China
| | - Liyuan Wu
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Sustainable Urban Sewage System Construction and Risk Control, Engineering and Architecture, Beijing University of Civil, 1 Zhanlanguan Road, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100044, China.,Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Future Urban Design, Beijing, 100044, China
| | - Chaohong Tan
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Sustainable Urban Sewage System Construction and Risk Control, Engineering and Architecture, Beijing University of Civil, 1 Zhanlanguan Road, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100044, China.,Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Future Urban Design, Beijing, 100044, China
| | - Ziyang Zhang
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Sustainable Urban Sewage System Construction and Risk Control, Engineering and Architecture, Beijing University of Civil, 1 Zhanlanguan Road, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100044, China. .,Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Future Urban Design, Beijing, 100044, China.
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12
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Teodora Ciucure C, Geana EI, Lidia Chitescu C, Laurentiu Badea S, Elena Ionete R. Distribution, sources and ecological risk assessment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in waters and sediments from Olt River dam reservoirs in Romania. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 311:137024. [PMID: 36323388 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.137024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2022] [Revised: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
This study provides important data on the distribution, sources and ecological risks of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), in surface waters and sediments collected from dam reservoirs on middle and lower course of the Olt River, the main tributary of the Danube, until the discharge into the Black Sea. A wide variation range of total PAHs concentrations in water (from 1.3 to 46.2 ng/L) and sediment (from 1.78 to 614.04 μg/kg) samples was emphasized by the results. The highest average PAHs concentration in water was recorded in the cold season and the lowest in the summer. In sediments, no differences were observed depending on the sampling period. Spatial distribution of PAHs in waters and sediments was correlated with the main anthropogenic activities along the river course. Regardless of the method used to attribute PAH sources (diagnostic ratios of specific PAHs, principal component analysis and hierarchical cluster analysis), it was confirmed that the potential anthropogenic sources of PAHs were both pyrogenic (incomplete combustion of biomass and coal) and pyrolytic (incomplete combustion of liquid fossil fuels and vehicle exhaust emissions), with a dominant pyrolytic input. Ecological risk assessment based on environmental quality standards, mean effect range-median quotient (m-ERM-Q), toxic equivalency factors (TEFs) and risk quotient (RQ) methods indicated potentially low ecological risks from PAHs. The ecological status of the Olt river waters poses no potential risk, and pollution of surface sediments can be classified as low polluted, except for two sites near industrial activities classified as moderately polluted. Therefore, a regular monitoring of PAHs concentration in the waters and sediments should be performed to prevent further contamination of PAHs in the studied area, especially in densely populated industrial areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corina Teodora Ciucure
- National Research and Development Institute for Cryogenics and Isotopic Technologies - ICSI Rm. Valcea, Romania
| | - Elisabeta-Irina Geana
- National Research and Development Institute for Cryogenics and Isotopic Technologies - ICSI Rm. Valcea, Romania.
| | - Carmen Lidia Chitescu
- Dunarea de Jos" University of Galaţi, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, 35 A.I. Cuza Str., 800010, Galaţi, Romania
| | - Silviu Laurentiu Badea
- National Research and Development Institute for Cryogenics and Isotopic Technologies - ICSI Rm. Valcea, Romania
| | - Roxana Elena Ionete
- National Research and Development Institute for Cryogenics and Isotopic Technologies - ICSI Rm. Valcea, Romania
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13
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Yin F, He Z, Song Z, Zhang W, Li X, Qin B, Zhang L, Su P, Zhang J, Kitazawa D. Gas-particle partitioning of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from oil combustion involving condensate, diesel and heavy oil. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2022; 242:113866. [PMID: 35839529 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.113866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Revised: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
This study focuses on the gas-particle (G-P) partitioning of 16 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) from oil combustion, which is one of the important contributors of anthropogenic PAHs but has been rarely studied. The combustions of different types of oils involving ultra-light to heavy oils were investigated, and the PAH partitioning mechanism was determined by the widely used Junge-Pankow adsorption model, Koa absorption model, and dual sorption model, respectively. The results show that the source-specific diagnostic ratios of Ant/(Ant+Phe) are between 0.09 and 0.24, the estimated regression slopes of G-P partition coefficients (KP) of the total PAHs on their sub-cooled liquid vapor pressures (PLO) are in the range of - 0.34 to - 0.25, and the predicted fractions of PAHs in the particle phase (φ) by Koa absorption model are close to the measured values, while the log KPvalues of the LMW PAHs from the combustions of diesel and heavy oil are better represented by the dual sorption model. Our findings indicate that PAHs are derived from mixed sources that include the unburned original oil and combustion products, and the PAH partitioning mechanism is governed by the process of absorption into organic matter because of the unburned oil, but both adsorption and absorption exist simultaneously in the lighter PAHs from the combustions of heavier oils (i.e., diesel and heavy oil). Based on these findings, the understanding of the fate and transport of PAH emissions and the optimization of the emergency responses to accidents such as marine oil spills would be potentially improved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Yin
- College of Ocean Science and Engineering, Shanghai Maritime University, Shanghai 201306, PR China; International Joint Research Center for Persistent Toxic Substances (IJRC-PTS), Shanghai Maritime University, Shanghai 201306, PR China
| | - Zhiwei He
- College of Ocean Science and Engineering, Shanghai Maritime University, Shanghai 201306, PR China
| | - Zhibo Song
- College of Ocean Science and Engineering, Shanghai Maritime University, Shanghai 201306, PR China
| | - Weiwei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, PR China
| | - Xianbin Li
- City Operation Office of Tinglin Town, Jinshan District, Shanghai 201505, PR China
| | - Boyu Qin
- College of Ocean Science and Engineering, Shanghai Maritime University, Shanghai 201306, PR China
| | - Li Zhang
- College of Ocean Science and Engineering, Shanghai Maritime University, Shanghai 201306, PR China
| | - Penghao Su
- College of Ocean Science and Engineering, Shanghai Maritime University, Shanghai 201306, PR China; International Joint Research Center for Persistent Toxic Substances (IJRC-PTS), Shanghai Maritime University, Shanghai 201306, PR China
| | - Junbo Zhang
- College of Marine Sciences, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, PR China; National Engineering Research Center for Oceanic Fisheries, Shanghai 201306, PR China; Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 1538505, Japan.
| | - Daisuke Kitazawa
- Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 1538505, Japan
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