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Zeng L, Wang YH, Ai CX, Zhang B, Zhang H, Liu ZM, Yu MH, Hu B. Differential effects of oxytetracycline on detoxification and antioxidant defense in the hepatopancreas and intestine of Chinese mitten crab under cadmium stress. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 930:172633. [PMID: 38643877 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Revised: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
This study aims to evaluate the effects of oxytetracycline (OTC) on detoxification and oxidative defense in the hepatopancreas and intestine of Chinese mitten crab (Eriocheir sinensis) under cadmium (Cd) stress. The crab was exposed to 0.6 μM Cd, 0.6 μM OTC, and 0.6 μM Cd plus 0.6 μM OTC for 42 days. Our results showed that in the intestine, OTC alone enhanced protein carboxylation (PC) and malondialdehyde (MDA) contents, which was associated with the increased OTC accumulation. Compared to Cd alone, Cd plus OTC increased Cd and OTC contents, and reduced detoxification (i.e., glutathione (GSH) content, gene expressions of cytochrome P450 (CYP) isoforms, 7-ethoxyresorufin O-deethylase (EROD) activity, mRNA levels and activities of glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione reductase (GR) and glutathione-S-transferase (GST)), and antioxidant defense (i.e., gene expressions and activities of catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD)) in the intestine, leading to the increased in PC and MDA contents, suggesting that OTC had a synergistic effect on Cd-induced oxidative damage. In the hepatopancreas, although OTC alone increased OTC accumulation, it did not affect PC and MDA contents. Compared to Cd alone, Cd plus OTC reduced MDA content, which was closely related to the improvement of detoxification (i.e., GSH content, mRNA levels of CYP isoforms, EROD activity, gene expressions and activities of GPx, GR and GST), and antioxidant defense (gene expressions and activities of CAT and SOD, metallothionein content). Aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) and nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) transcriptional expressions were positively correlated with most detoxification- and antioxidant-related gene expressions, respectively, indicating that AhR and Nrf2 were involved in the regulation of these gene expressions. Our results unambiguously demonstrated that OTC had tissue-specific effects on Cd-induced toxicological effect in E. sinensis, which contributed to accurately evaluating Cd toxicity modulated by TCs in crab.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Zeng
- College of Food and Biological Engineering, Bengbu University, Bengbu 233030, PR China; Fujian Province Key Laboratory of Special Aquatic Formula Feed, Fuqing 350300, PR China.
| | - Yong-Hong Wang
- College of Food and Biological Engineering, Bengbu University, Bengbu 233030, PR China
| | - Chun-Xiang Ai
- College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, PR China
| | - Bin Zhang
- College of Food and Biological Engineering, Bengbu University, Bengbu 233030, PR China
| | - Hui Zhang
- National Engineering Research Center of Marine Facilities Aquaculture, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316022, PR China
| | - Zi-Ming Liu
- College of Ecology, Lishui University, Lishui 323000, PR China
| | - Min-Hui Yu
- College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, PR China
| | - Bing Hu
- Fujian Province Key Laboratory of Special Aquatic Formula Feed, Fuqing 350300, PR China
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Huang P, Gao J, Du J, Nie Z, Li Q, Sun Y, Xu G, Cao L. Prometryn exposure disrupts the intestinal health of Eriocheir sinensis: Physiological responses and underlying mechanism. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2024; 277:109820. [PMID: 38145793 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2023.109820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Revised: 11/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/27/2023]
Abstract
Most toxicity studies of prometryn in non-target aquatic animals have focused on hepatotoxicity, cardiotoxicity, embryonic developmental and growth toxicity, while studies on the molecular mechanisms of intestinal toxicity of prometryn are still unknown. In the current study, the intestinal tissues of the Chinese mitten crab (Eriocheir sinensis) were used to uncover the underlying molecular mechanisms of stress by 96-h acute in vivo exposure to prometryn. The results showed that prometryn activated the Nrf2-Keap1 pathway and up-regulated the expression of downstream antioxidant genes. Prometryn induced the expression of genes associated with non-specific immunity and autophagy, and induced apoptosis through the MAPK pathway. Interestingly, the significant up-or down-regulation of the above genes mainly occurred at 12 h- 24 h after exposure. Intestinal flora sequencing revealed that prometryn disrupted the intestinal normal barrier function mainly by reducing beneficial bacteria abundance, which further weakened the intestinal resistance to exogenous toxicants and caused an inflammatory response. Correlation analyses found that differential flora at the genus level had potential associations with gut stress-related genes. In conclusion, our study contributes to understanding the molecular mechanisms behind the intestinal stress caused by herbicides on aquatic crustaceans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Huang
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi 214081, China
| | - Jiancao Gao
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Rice-Fish Farming Ecology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China
| | - Jinliang Du
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi 214081, China; Key Laboratory of Integrated Rice-Fish Farming Ecology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China
| | - Zhijuan Nie
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi 214081, China; Key Laboratory of Integrated Rice-Fish Farming Ecology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China
| | - Quanjie Li
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Rice-Fish Farming Ecology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China
| | - Yi Sun
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Rice-Fish Farming Ecology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China
| | - Gangchun Xu
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi 214081, China; Key Laboratory of Integrated Rice-Fish Farming Ecology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China.
| | - Liping Cao
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi 214081, China; Key Laboratory of Integrated Rice-Fish Farming Ecology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China.
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Guan T, Wang L, Hu M, Zhu Q, Cai L, Wang Y, Xie P, Feng J, Wang H, Li J. Effects of chronic abamectin stress on growth performance, digestive capacity, and defense systems in red swamp crayfish (Procambarus clarkii). AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2024; 268:106861. [PMID: 38340542 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2024.106861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Revised: 01/14/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
Abamectin is a globally used pesticide, which is one of 16-member macrocyclic lactones compound. As an environmental contaminant, pesticide residues pose a great threat to the health and survival of aquatic animals. Procambarus clarkii is one of the most important economic aquatic animals in China. It is necessary to explore the toxic mechanism of abamectin to P. clarkii. In this study, the toxic mechanism of abamectin to P. clarkii was investigated by 0, 3 and 6 μg/L abamectin stress for 28 days. The digestive-, antioxidant- and immune- related enzymes activities, genes expression levels, and histological observations were analytical indicators of growth performance, digestive capacity, and defense systems. The results in this study showed that with abamectin concentration increasing, the growth of P. clarkii was stunted significantly, and the mortality rate increased significantly. With exposure time and abamectin concentration increasing, the expression levels of related genes, the activities of digestive-, antioxidant-, and immune- related enzymes decreased ultimately. Moreover, through histological observation, it was found that with abamectin concentration increasing, the hepatopancreas, muscle, and intestine were damaged. As elucidated by the results, once abamectin exists in the environment for a long time, even low doses will threaten to healthy growth and survival of P. clarkii. This study explored the potential toxicity and the toxic mechanism of abamectin to P. clarkii, and provides a theoretical basis for further study on the toxicity of pesticides to aquatic animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianyu Guan
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Regional Modern Agriculture & Environmental Protection, Huaiyin Normal University, Huai'an 223300, China; Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Long Wang
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Regional Modern Agriculture & Environmental Protection, Huaiyin Normal University, Huai'an 223300, China; Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Meng Hu
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Regional Modern Agriculture & Environmental Protection, Huaiyin Normal University, Huai'an 223300, China
| | - Qianqian Zhu
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Regional Modern Agriculture & Environmental Protection, Huaiyin Normal University, Huai'an 223300, China
| | - Lin Cai
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Regional Modern Agriculture & Environmental Protection, Huaiyin Normal University, Huai'an 223300, China
| | - Yurui Wang
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Regional Modern Agriculture & Environmental Protection, Huaiyin Normal University, Huai'an 223300, China
| | - Peng Xie
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Regional Modern Agriculture & Environmental Protection, Huaiyin Normal University, Huai'an 223300, China
| | - Jianbin Feng
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Hui Wang
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Regional Modern Agriculture & Environmental Protection, Huaiyin Normal University, Huai'an 223300, China.
| | - Jiale Li
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
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Zhao YS, Liu DX, Tan FQ, Yang WX. KIF2A Upregulates PI3K/AKT Signaling through Polo-like Kinase 1 (PLK1) to Affect the Proliferation and Apoptosis Levels of Eriocheir sinensis Spermatogenic Cells. BIOLOGY 2024; 13:149. [PMID: 38534420 DOI: 10.3390/biology13030149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
E. sinensis is an animal model for studying the reproduction and development of crustaceans. In this study, we knocked down the Es-Kif2a gene by injecting dsRNA into E. sinensis and inhibited Es-Plk1 gene expression by injecting PLK1 inhibitor BI6727 into E. sinensis. Then, the cell proliferation level, apoptosis level, and PI3K/AKT signaling expression level were detected. Our results showed that the proliferation level of spermatogenic cells decreased, while the apoptosis level increased after Es-Kif2a knockdown or Es-Plk1 inhibition. In order to verify whether these changes are caused by regulating the PI3K/AKT pathway, we detected the expression of PI3K and AKT proteins after Es-Kif2a knockdown or Es-Plk1 inhibition. Western Blot showed that in both the Es-Kif2a knockdown group and the Es-Plk1 inhibition group, the expression of PI3K and AKT proteins decreased. In addition, immunofluorescence showed that Es-KIF2A and Es-PLK1 proteins were co-localized during E. sinensis spermatogenesis. To further explore the upstream and downstream relationship between Es-KIF2A and Es-PLK1, we detected the expression level of Es-PLK1 after Es-Kif2a knockdown as well as the expression level of Es-KIF2A after Es-Plk1 inhibition. Western Blot showed that the expression of Es-PLK1 decreased after Es-Kif2a knockdown, while there was no significant change of Es-KIF2A after Es-Plk1 inhibition, indicating that Es-PLK1 may be a downstream factor of Es-KIF2A. Taken together, these results suggest that Es-KIF2A upregulates the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway through Es-PLK1 during the spermatogenesis of E. sinensis, thereby affecting the proliferation and apoptosis levels of spermatogenic cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Shuang Zhao
- The Sperm Laboratory, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Ding-Xi Liu
- The Sperm Laboratory, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Fu-Qing Tan
- The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Wan-Xi Yang
- The Sperm Laboratory, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
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Guan T, Feng J, Zhu Q, Wang L, Xie P, Wang H, Li J. Effects of abamectin on nonspecific immunity, antioxidation, and apoptosis in red swamp crayfish (Procambarus clarkii). FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2023; 142:109137. [PMID: 37827246 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2023.109137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
Abamectin, a pesticide of 16-member macrocyclic lactones, is widely applied in agriculture. As an important environmental factor, pesticides pose a great threat to defense system in aquatic animals. Procambarus clarkii is one of the most important economic aquatic animals in China. It is necessary to explore the defense mechanism of P. clarkii to abamectin. In this study, P. clarkii were exposed to 0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6 mg/L abamectin, immune- and antioxidant-related enzymes activities, genes expression levels, and histological observations were used to analyze the defense capacity of P. clarkii to abamectin. With increasing abamectin concentration, reactive oxygen species (ROS) level and malondiadehyde (MDA) content increased significantly. Meanwhiile, acid phosphate (ACP), alkaline phosphatase (AKP) activities, total haemocyte counts (THC), and Crustin expression level decreased significantly, superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) activities, total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC), and GPX expression level also decreased significantly. Hematoxylin & eosin (H&E) observation showed that with increasing abamectin concentration, hepatopancreas were damaged, especially membrane structure. Through TUNEL observation and apoptosis-related genes (PcCTSL, Bcl-2, Bax, BI-1, PcCytc, caspase-3) expression levels, with increasing abamectin concentration, apoptosis rate increased significantly. Results of this study indicated that abamectin caused oxidative damage to P. clarkii, resulting in damage to defense system, suppression of nonspecific immunity and antioxidation, and promotion of apoptosis. It provided theoretical basis for healthy P. clarkii culture, and for further study on defense mechanism of aquatic animals to pesticides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianyu Guan
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Regional Modern Agriculture & Environmental Protection, Huaiyin Normal University, Huai'an 223300, China; Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Jianbin Feng
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Qianqian Zhu
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Regional Modern Agriculture & Environmental Protection, Huaiyin Normal University, Huai'an 223300, China
| | - Long Wang
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Regional Modern Agriculture & Environmental Protection, Huaiyin Normal University, Huai'an 223300, China; Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Peng Xie
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Regional Modern Agriculture & Environmental Protection, Huaiyin Normal University, Huai'an 223300, China
| | - Hui Wang
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Regional Modern Agriculture & Environmental Protection, Huaiyin Normal University, Huai'an 223300, China.
| | - Jiale Li
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
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Huang P, Cao L, Du J, Gao J, Zhang Y, Sun Y, Li Q, Nie Z, Xu G. Effects of Prometryn Exposure on Hepatopancreas Oxidative Stress and Intestinal Flora in Eriocheir sinensis (Crustacea: Decapoda). Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1548. [PMID: 37627543 PMCID: PMC10451815 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12081548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Revised: 07/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
There is growing evidence that long-term exposure to prometryn (a widely used herbicide) can induce toxicity in bony fish and shrimp. Our previous study demonstrated its 96 h acute toxicity on the crab Eriocheir sinensis. However, studies on whether longer exposure to prometryn with a lower dose induces toxicity in E. sinensis are scarce. Therefore, we conducted a 20 d exposure experiment to investigate its effects on the hepatopancreas and intestine of E. sinensi. Prometryn reduce the activities of antioxidant enzymes, increase the level of lipid peroxidation and cause oxidative stress. Moreover, long-term exposure resulted in immune and detoxification fatigue, while short-term exposure to prometryn could upregulate the expression of genes related to immunity, inflammation and detoxification. Prometryn altered the morphological structure of the hepatopancreas (swollen lumen) and intestine (shorter intestinal villi, thinner muscle layer and thicker peritrophic membrane). In addition, prometryn changed the species composition of the intestinal flora. In particular, Bacteroidota and Proteobacteria showed a dose-dependent decrease accompanied by a dose-dependent increase in Firmicutes at the phylum level. At the genus level, all exposure groups significantly increased the abundance of Zoogloea and a Firmicutes bacterium ZOR0006, but decreased Shewanella abundance. Interestingly, Pearson correlation analysis indicated a potential association between differential flora and hepatopancreatic disorder. Phenotypic abundance analysis indicated that changes in the gut flora decreased the intestinal organ's resistance to stress and increased the potential for opportunistic infection. In summary, our research provides new insights into the prevention and defense strategies in response to external adverse environments and contributes to the sustainable development of E. sinensis culture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Huang
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi 214081, China; (P.H.); (L.C.); (J.D.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Liping Cao
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi 214081, China; (P.H.); (L.C.); (J.D.); (Y.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Rice-Fish Farming Ecology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China; (J.G.)
| | - Jinliang Du
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi 214081, China; (P.H.); (L.C.); (J.D.); (Y.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Rice-Fish Farming Ecology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China; (J.G.)
| | - Jiancao Gao
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Rice-Fish Farming Ecology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China; (J.G.)
| | - Yuning Zhang
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi 214081, China; (P.H.); (L.C.); (J.D.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Yi Sun
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Rice-Fish Farming Ecology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China; (J.G.)
| | - Quanjie Li
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Rice-Fish Farming Ecology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China; (J.G.)
| | - Zhijuan Nie
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi 214081, China; (P.H.); (L.C.); (J.D.); (Y.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Rice-Fish Farming Ecology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China; (J.G.)
| | - Gangchun Xu
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi 214081, China; (P.H.); (L.C.); (J.D.); (Y.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Rice-Fish Farming Ecology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China; (J.G.)
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