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Woodman C, Vundu G, George A, Wilson CM. Applications and strategies in nanodiagnosis and nanotherapy in lung cancer. Semin Cancer Biol 2020; 69:349-364. [PMID: 32088362 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2020.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2019] [Revised: 01/24/2020] [Accepted: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Lung cancer is the second most common cancer and the leading cause of death in both men and women in the world. Lung cancer is heterogeneous in nature and diagnosis is often at an advanced stage as it develops silently in the lung and is frequently associated with high mortality rates. Despite the advances made in understanding the biology of lung cancer, progress in early diagnosis, cancer therapy modalities and considering the mechanisms of drug resistance, the prognosis and outcome still remains low for many patients. Nanotechnology is one of the fastest growing areas of research that can solve many biological problems such as cancer. A growing number of therapies based on using nanoparticles (NPs) have successfully entered the clinic to treat pain, cancer, and infectious diseases. Recent progress in nanotechnology has been encouraging and directed to developing novel nanoparticles that can be one step ahead of the cancer reducing the possibility of multi-drug resistance. Nanomedicine using NPs is continuingly impacting cancer diagnosis and treatment. Chemotherapy is often associated with limited targeting to the tumor, side effects and low solubility that leads to insufficient drug reaching the tumor. Overcoming these drawbacks of chemotherapy by equipping NPs with theranostic capability which is leading to the development of novel strategies. This review provides a synopsis of current progress in theranostic applications for lung cancer diagnosis and therapy using NPs including liposome, polymeric NPs, quantum dots, gold NPs, dendrimers, carbon nanotubes and magnetic NPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Woodman
- Canterbury Christ Church University, School of Human and Life Sciences, Life Sciences Industry Liaison Lab, Sandwich, United Kingdom
| | - Gugulethu Vundu
- Canterbury Christ Church University, School of Human and Life Sciences, Life Sciences Industry Liaison Lab, Sandwich, United Kingdom
| | - Alex George
- Canterbury Christ Church University, School of Human and Life Sciences, Life Sciences Industry Liaison Lab, Sandwich, United Kingdom; Jubilee Centre for Medical Research, Jubilee Mission Medical College & Research Institute, Thrissur, Kerala, India
| | - Cornelia M Wilson
- Canterbury Christ Church University, School of Human and Life Sciences, Life Sciences Industry Liaison Lab, Sandwich, United Kingdom; University of Liverpool, Institute of Translation Medicine, Dept of Molecular & Clinical Cancer Medicine, United Kingdom; Novel Global Community Educational Foundation, Australia.
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Badrzadeh F, Rahmati-Yamchi M, Badrzadeh K, Valizadeh A, Zarghami N, Farkhani SM, Akbarzadeh A. Drug delivery and nanodetection in lung cancer. ARTIFICIAL CELLS NANOMEDICINE AND BIOTECHNOLOGY 2014; 44:618-34. [DOI: 10.3109/21691401.2014.975237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Kołaczyk K, Walecka A, Grodzki T, Alchimowicz J, Smereczyński A, Kiedrowicz R. The assessment of the role of baseline low-dose CT scan in patients at high risk of lung cancer. Pol J Radiol 2014; 79:210-8. [PMID: 25057333 PMCID: PMC4106928 DOI: 10.12659/pjr.890103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2013] [Accepted: 03/05/2014] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite the progress in contemporary medicine comprising diagnostic and therapeutic methods, lung cancer is still one of the biggest health concerns in many countries of the world. The main purpose of the study was to evaluate the detection rate of pulmonary nodules and lung cancer in the initial, helical low-dose CT of the chest as well as the analysis of the relationship between the size and the histopathological character of the detected nodules. MATERIAL/METHODS We retrospectively evaluated 1999 initial, consecutive results of the CT examinations performed within the framework of early lung cancer detection program initiated in Szczecin. The project enrolled persons of both sexes, aged 55-65 years, with at least 20 pack-years of cigarette smoking or current smokers. The analysis included assessment of the number of positive results and the evaluation of the detected nodules in relationship to their size. All of the nodules were classified into I of VI groups and subsequently compared with histopathological type of the neoplastic and nonneoplastic pulmonary lesions. RESULTS Pulmonary nodules were detected in 921 (46%) subjects. What is more, malignant lesions as well as lung cancer were significantly, more frequently discovered in the group of asymptomatic nodules of the largest dimension exceeding 15 mm. CONCLUSIONS The initial, low-dose helical CT of the lungs performed in high risk individuals enables detection of appreciable number of indeterminate pulmonary nodules. In most of the asymptomatic patients with histopathologically proven pulmonary nodules greater than 15 mm, the mentioned lesions are malignant, what warrants further, intensified diagnostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Kołaczyk
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging and Interventional Radiology PUM, Independent Public Clinical Hospital No. 1, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Anna Walecka
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging and Interventional Radiology PUM, Independent Public Clinical Hospital No. 1, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Tomasz Grodzki
- Clinical Division of Thoracic Surgery PUM, Specialist Hospital, prof. Alfred Sokołowski Scales, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Jacek Alchimowicz
- Clinical Division of Thoracic Surgery PUM, Specialist Hospital, prof. Alfred Sokołowski Scales, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Andrzej Smereczyński
- Department of Gastroenterology PUM, Independent Public Clinical Hospital No. 1, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Radosław Kiedrowicz
- Department of Cardiology PUM, Independent Public Clinical Hospital No. 2, Szczecin, Poland
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Wu J, Yu L, Yang F, Li J, Wang P, Zhou W, Qin L, Li Y, Luo J, Yi Z, Liu M, Chen Y. Optimization of 2-(3-(arylalkyl amino carbonyl) phenyl)-3-(2-methoxyphenyl)-4-thiazolidinone derivatives as potent antitumor growth and metastasis agents. Eur J Med Chem 2014; 80:340-51. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2014.04.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2014] [Revised: 04/09/2014] [Accepted: 04/23/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Overwhelming support among urban Irish COPD patients for lung cancer screening by low-dose CT scan. Lung 2012; 190:621-8. [PMID: 23064487 DOI: 10.1007/s00408-012-9421-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2012] [Accepted: 09/17/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The National Lung Screening Trial (NLST) has renewed interest in low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) screening for lung cancer. Smokers may be less receptive toward LDCT screening, however, compared with never smokers. The views of patients with COPD, a particularly high-risk group, toward LDCT screening for lung cancer are currently unknown. We therefore evaluated attitudes of patients with COPD toward LDCT screening for lung cancer. METHODS Interviews with Irish patients with COPD who satisfied NLST eligibility criteria were conducted in clinical settings using a questionnaire based on that of a comparable study of U.S. current/former smokers of unspecified disease status. RESULTS A total of 142 subjects had a mean age of 65.09 ± 6.07 years (46.4 % were male, mean pack years 54.5 ± 33.3, mean FEV1 59.16 ± 23 %); 97.8 % had an identifiable usual source of healthcare. Compared with data from a U.S. cohort of current/former smokers, a higher proportion of Irish COPD smokers: believed that they were at risk for lung cancer (63.6 vs. 15.7 %); believed that early detection improved chances of survival (90 vs. 51.2 ); were willing to consider LDCT screening (97.9 vs. 78.6 %); were willing to pay for a LDCT scan (68.6 vs. 36.2 %); and were willing to accept treatment recommendations arising (95.7 vs. 56.2 %; p < 0.0001 for all comparisons). CONCLUSIONS Urban Irish smokers with COPD who would be eligible for LDCT screening are almost universally in favor of being screened and treated for screening-detected lung cancers. This readily accessible high-risk population should be actively targeted in future screening programs.
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Gao L, Li F, Thrall MJ, Yang Y, Xing J, Hammoudi AA, Zhao H, Massoud Y, Cagle PT, Fan Y, Wong KK, Wang Z, Wong STC. On-the-spot lung cancer differential diagnosis by label-free, molecular vibrational imaging and knowledge-based classification. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2011; 16:096004. [PMID: 21950918 DOI: 10.1117/1.3619294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
We report the development and application of a knowledge-based coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS) microscopy system for label-free imaging, pattern recognition, and classification of cells and tissue structures for differentiating lung cancer from non-neoplastic lung tissues and identifying lung cancer subtypes. A total of 1014 CARS images were acquired from 92 fresh frozen lung tissue samples. The established pathological workup and diagnostic cellular were used as prior knowledge for establishment of a knowledge-based CARS system using a machine learning approach. This system functions to separate normal, non-neoplastic, and subtypes of lung cancer tissues based on extracted quantitative features describing fibrils and cell morphology. The knowledge-based CARS system showed the ability to distinguish lung cancer from normal and non-neoplastic lung tissue with 91% sensitivity and 92% specificity. Small cell carcinomas were distinguished from nonsmall cell carcinomas with 100% sensitivity and specificity. As an adjunct to submitting tissue samples to routine pathology, our novel system recognizes the patterns of fibril and cell morphology, enabling medical practitioners to perform differential diagnosis of lung lesions in mere minutes. The demonstration of the strategy is also a necessary step toward in vivo point-of-care diagnosis of precancerous and cancerous lung lesions with a fiber-based CARS microendoscope.
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MESH Headings
- Adenocarcinoma/chemistry
- Adenocarcinoma/classification
- Adenocarcinoma/diagnosis
- Adenocarcinoma of Lung
- Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/chemistry
- Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/classification
- Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/diagnosis
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/chemistry
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/classification
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/diagnosis
- Databases, Factual
- Diagnosis, Differential
- Histocytochemistry
- Humans
- Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted/methods
- Image Processing, Computer-Assisted/methods
- Least-Squares Analysis
- Lung Neoplasms/chemistry
- Lung Neoplasms/classification
- Lung Neoplasms/diagnosis
- Pneumonia
- Sensitivity and Specificity
- Small Cell Lung Carcinoma/chemistry
- Small Cell Lung Carcinoma/classification
- Small Cell Lung Carcinoma/diagnosis
- Spectrum Analysis, Raman/methods
- Support Vector Machine
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Gao
- Weill Cornell Medical College, The Methodist Hospital Research Institute, Department of Systems Medicine and Bioengineering, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
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Kazarian M, Laird-Offringa IA. Small-cell lung cancer-associated autoantibodies: potential applications to cancer diagnosis, early detection, and therapy. Mol Cancer 2011; 10:33. [PMID: 21450098 PMCID: PMC3080347 DOI: 10.1186/1476-4598-10-33] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2010] [Accepted: 03/30/2011] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) is the most aggressive lung cancer subtype and lacks effective early detection methods and therapies. A number of rare paraneoplastic neurologic autoimmune diseases are strongly associated with SCLC. Most patients with such paraneoplastic syndromes harbor high titers of antibodies against neuronal proteins that are abnormally expressed in SCLC tumors. These autoantibodies may cross-react with the nervous system, possibly contributing to autoimmune disease development. Importantly, similar antibodies are present in many SCLC patients without autoimmune disease, albeit at lower titers. The timing of autoantibody development relative to cancer and the nature of the immune trigger remain to be elucidated. Here we review what is currently known about SCLC-associated autoantibodies, and describe a recently developed mouse model system of SCLC that appears to lend itself well to the study of the SCLC-associated immune response. We also discuss potential clinical applications for these autoantibodies, such as SCLC diagnosis, early detection, and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meleeneh Kazarian
- Department of Surgery, Norris Cancer Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 1441 Eastlake Ave, NOR 6420, Los Angeles, CA 90089-9176, USA
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Cagle PT, Allen TC, Dacic S, Beasley MB, Borczuk AC, Chirieac LR, Laucirica R, Ro JY, Kerr KM. Revolution in lung cancer: new challenges for the surgical pathologist. Arch Pathol Lab Med 2011; 135:110-6. [PMID: 21204716 DOI: 10.5858/2010-0567-ra.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Traditionally, lung cancer has been viewed as an aggressive, relentlessly progressive disease with few treatment options and poor survival. The traditional role of the pathologist has been primarily to differentiate small cell carcinoma from non-small cell carcinoma on biopsy and cytology specimens and to stage non-small cell carcinomas that underwent resection. In recent years, our concepts of lung cancer have undergone a revolution, including (1) the advent of successful, new, molecular-targeted therapies for lung cancer, many of which are associated with specific histologic cell types and subtypes; (2) new observations on the natural history of lung cancer derived from ongoing high-resolution computed tomography screening studies and recent histologic findings; and (3) proposals to revise the classification of lung cancers, particularly adenocarcinomas, in part because of the first 2 developments. OBJECTIVE To summarize the important, new developments in lung cancer, emphasizing the role of the surgical pathologist in personalized care for patients with lung cancer. DATA SOURCES Information about the new developments in lung cancer was obtained from the peer-review medical literature and the authors' experiences. CONCLUSIONS For decades, we have perceived lung cancer as a relentlessly aggressive and mostly incurable disease for which the surgical pathologist had a limited role. Today, surgical pathologists have an important and expanding role in the diagnosis and treatment of lung cancer, and it is essential to keep informed of new advances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip T Cagle
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, 6565 Fannin Street, The Methodist Hospital, Houston, Texas 77030, USA.
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Prindiville SA, Ried T. Interphase cytogenetics of sputum cells for the early detection of lung carcinogenesis. Cancer Prev Res (Phila) 2010; 3:416-9. [PMID: 20332302 DOI: 10.1158/1940-6207.capr-10-0045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
This perspective on Varella-Garcia et al. (beginning on p. 447 in this issue of the journal) examines the role of interphase fluorescence in situ hybridization for the early detection of lung cancer. This work is an important step toward identifying and validating a molecular marker in sputum samples for lung cancer early detection and highlights the value of establishing cohort studies with biorepositories of samples collected from participants followed over time for disease development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheila A Prindiville
- Coordinating Center for Clinical Trials, National Cancer Institute, 6120 Executive Boulevard, Bethesda, MD 20852-4910, USA.
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