Daytime sleepiness is associated with hyperhomocysteinemia in rural area of China: A cross-sectional study

Association of plasma homocysteine with cognitive impairment in patients with Parkinson's disease

Background

Elevated plasma homocysteine (Hcy) has been reported as a risk factor for cognitive impairment in the general population. However, there are conflicting results regarding the relationship between Hcy and cognitive impairment across various cognitive domains in Parkinson's disease (PD).

Objective

This study aims to explore the association between plasma Hcy levels, cognitive impairment, and dysfunction in various cognitive domains among PD patients with and without mild cognitive impairment (MCI).

Methods

A total of 101 PD patients underwent plasma Hcy measurement, comprising 50 PD-MCI patients and 51 patients with normal cognition (PD-NC). A battery of neuropsychological tests was administered to assess different cognitive domains. Adjusted generalized linear models were used to assess the correlations between Hcy levels and cognitive functions.

Results

As anticipated, PD-MCI patients demonstrated a significant decline in cognitive function across all five cognitive domains (memory, executive function, attention/working memory, language, and visuospatial function). Elevated plasma Hcy levels (≥ 10 μmol/L) were associated with a higher odds of PD-MCI, even within the normal range of Hcy levels (< 15 μmol/L). After adjusting for confounding factors, a negative correlation was observed between plasma Hcy levels and the performance on specific cognitive tests evaluating executive functions in PD, such as the Stroop Color-Word Test-C (β = -1.123, 95% CI = -1.845 ∼-0.401, p = 0.0023).

Conclusion

This study underscores a significant link between plasma Hcy levels and PD-MCI, particularly concerning executive dysfunction, even within the normal range of Hcy levels (< 15 μmol/L).

Resolving Geroplasticity to the Balance of Rejuvenins and Geriatrins

According to the cell centric hypotheses, the deficits that drive aging occur within cells by age dependent progressive damage to organelles, telomeres, biologic signaling pathways, bioinformational molecules, and by exhaustion of stem cells. Here, we amend these hypotheses and propose an eco-centric model for geroplasticity (aging plasticity including aging reversal). According to this model, youth and aging are plastic and require constant maintenance, and, respectively, engage a host of endogenous rejuvenating (rejuvenins) and gero-inducing [geriatrin] factors. Aging in this model is akin to atrophy that occurs as a result of damage or withdrawal of trophic factors. Rejuvenins maintain and geriatrins adversely impact cellular homeostasis, cell fitness, and proliferation, stem cell pools, damage response and repair. Rejuvenins reduce and geriatrins increase the age-related disorders, inflammatory signaling, and senescence and adjust the epigenetic clock. When viewed through this perspective, aging can be successfully reversed by supplementation with rejuvenins and by reducing the levels of geriatrins.

Validity of cardiometabolic index, lipid accumulation product, and body adiposity index in predicting the risk of hypertension in Chinese population

OBJECTIVES

Adiposity, defined by higher cardiometabolic index (CMI), lipid accumulation product (LAP), and body adiposity index (BAI), has conferred increased metabolic risk. However, the incremental utility of CMI, LAP, and BAI in association with prevalent hypertension has not been well described in a population-based setting. We hypothesized that CMI, LAP, and BAI would provide important insight into hypertension risk.

METHODS

Blood pressure (BP), fasting lipid profiles, and anthropometric parameters were recorded in a cross-sectional study of 11,400 participants (mean age, 54 years; 53% women) from China. Logistic regression models were used to assess associations of CMI, LAP, and BAI with prevalent hypertension. BAI was evaluated according to hip (cm)/[height (m)^1.5]-18; LAP was calculated separately for men [(WC-65) × TG] and women [(WC-58) × TG]; and CMI was defined by TG/HDL-C × waist-to-height ratio.

RESULTS

CMI, LAP, and BAI were independently correlated with higher SBP and DBP, with nonstandardized (B) coefficients ranging from 1.827 to 4.590 mmHg and 1.475 to 2.210 mmHg (all P < 0.001). After adjustment for hypertension risk factors and potential confounders, CMI, LAP, and BAI, modeled as continuous measures, carried hypertension odds (95% CI) of 1.356 (1.259-1.459), 1.631 (1.501-1.771), and 1.555 (1.454-1.662) in women, respectively, per SD increment. In men, each SD increase in CMI, LAP, and BAI experienced a 31%, 65%, and 53% higher hypertension risk, respectively. Moreover, among women, the odds ratio (95% CI) for hypertension were 2.318 (1.956-2.745), 3.548 (2.985-4.217), and 3.004 (2.537-3.557) in the 4th quartile vs the first quartile of CMI, LAP, and BAI, respectively. For men, the corresponding figures were 2.200 (1.838-2.635), 3.892 (3.238-4.677), and 3.288 (2.754-3.927), respectively.

CONCLUSION

Measurements of CMI, LAP, and BAI provide a more complete understanding of hypertension risk related to variation in body fat distribution and pinpoint hypertensive participants in great risk of cardiovascular disease in the future.

Sleep mediates the association between homocysteine and oxidative status in mild cognitive impairment

Tremendous progress has been made over the last few years in understanding how sleep and amyloid-β (Aβ) cooperate to speed up the progression of Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, it remains unknown whether sleep deficits also interact with other risk factors that exacerbate the pathological cascade of AD. Based on evidence showing that higher levels of homocysteine (HCY) and sleep loss increase oxidative damage, we here investigate whether the relationship between HCY and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) is mediated by changes in objective sleep in healthy older (HO, N = 21) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI, N = 21) subjects. Results revealed that reduced TAC levels in MCI was significantly correlated with increased HCY, shorter sleep duration, lower sleep efficiency, and reduced volume of temporal regions. However, only the HCY-TAC association showed diagnostic value, and this relationship was mediated by poorer sleep quality in MCI patients. We further showed that HCY-related cerebral volume loss in MCI depended on the serial relationship between poorer sleep quality and lower TAC levels. These findings provide novel insights into how impaired sleep may contribute to maintain the relationship between HCY and oxidative stress in prodromal AD, and offer empirical foundations to design therapeutic interventions aimed to weaken this link.