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Pereira R, Silva AMS, Ribeiro D, Silva VLM, Fernandes E. Bis-chalcones: A review of synthetic methodologies and anti-inflammatory effects. Eur J Med Chem 2023; 252:115280. [PMID: 36966653 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.115280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Revised: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023]
Abstract
Chalcones are bioactive molecules of natural and synthetic sources, whose physicochemical properties, reactivity, and biological activities are well-known among the scientific community. However, there are many molecules strictly related to chalcones with significantly less recognition like bis-chalcones. Several studies indicated that bis-chalcones have advantages over chalcones in specific bioactivities like anti-inflammatory activity. This review article describes the chemical structure and chemical properties of bis-chalcones, as well as the methods reported in the literature for the synthesis of these compounds highlighting the most recent developments. Finally, the anti-inflammatory activity of bis-chalcones is described, emphasizing the active structures found in literature and their mechanisms of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Pereira
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal
| | - Artur M S Silva
- LAQV-REQUIMTE and Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Daniela Ribeiro
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal; Faculty of Agrarian Sciences and Environment, University of the Azores, 9700-042, Angra Do Heroísmo, Açores, Portugal
| | - Vera L M Silva
- LAQV-REQUIMTE and Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - Eduarda Fernandes
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal.
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2
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Jiang B, Han F, Lü MH, Wang ZP, Liu W, Zhang YX, Xu J, Li RJ. Bis-chalcone polyphenols with potential preventive and therapeutic effects on PD: Design, synthesis and in vitro disaggregation activity against α-synuclein oligomers and fibrils. Eur J Med Chem 2022; 239:114529. [PMID: 35728509 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2022.114529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2022] [Revised: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
α-Syn fibrils, which are neurotoxic, play a key role in the development of PD. Maintaining α-Syn proteostasis by suitable molecule ligands is an effective approach to prevent aggregation. Disintegrating the existed oligomers and fibrils into individual α-Syn by small molecular compounds is a more efficient way to treat PD. This work designed and synthesized two series of bis-chalcone polyphenol compounds, which possess a sheet-like conjugated skeleton with stronger H-bonding, π-stacking, and hydrophobic interaction with α-Syn protein residues. Some compounds have shown high α-Syn aggregation inhibitory activities in vitro with IC50 down to 0.64 μM. The inhibition goes throughout the aggregation process from the lag to the stationary phase by stabilizing α-Syn proteostasis conformation and preventing β-sheets aggregation, especially in the lag phase. In addition, the inhibitors present good disintegration abilities against the existed α-Syn oligomers and fibrils. The preliminary mechanism studies suggest that the inhibitors could quickly and randomly bind to the specific site closed to the β-sheet domain in the fibril, resulting in unstable and collapse of the protein fibril and yielding a complex system with aggregates of different sizes and monomers. The inhibitors, which could penetrate the blood-brain barrier, are expected to develop into the drug candidates for PD targeting α-Syn aggregation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Jiang
- Green Catalysis Center, College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Daxue Road 75, 450052, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Feng Han
- Green Catalysis Center, College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Daxue Road 75, 450052, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ming-Huan Lü
- Green Catalysis Center, College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Daxue Road 75, 450052, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zhen-Ping Wang
- Green Catalysis Center, College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Daxue Road 75, 450052, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Green Catalysis Center, College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Daxue Road 75, 450052, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yun-Xiao Zhang
- Green Catalysis Center, College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Daxue Road 75, 450052, Zhengzhou, China.
| | - Ji Xu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Science, Zhengzhou University, Kexue Road 100, 450001, Zhengzhou, China; Neuroscience Research Institute, Academy of Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Kexue Road 100, 450001, Zhengzhou, China.
| | - Rui-Jun Li
- Green Catalysis Center, College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Daxue Road 75, 450052, Zhengzhou, China.
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Synthesis, in vitro and in silico antitumor evaluation of 3-(2,6-dichlorophenyl)-1,5-diphenylpentane-1,5‑dione: Structure, spectroscopic, RDG, Hirshfeld and DFT based analyses. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2021.132002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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4
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Full Spectroscopic Characterization and Cytotoxicity Activity of Synthetic Dibenzalacetone Derivatives. J Mol Struct 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2020.129670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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5
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Yang J, Mu WW, Liu GY. Synthesis and evaluation of the anticancer activity of bischalcone analogs in human lung carcinoma (A549) cell line. Eur J Pharmacol 2020; 888:173396. [PMID: 32798508 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2020.173396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2020] [Revised: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Bischalcone has gained much attention because of its wide range of application in pharmaceutical chemistry. This work aims to evaluate the antiproliferation effects and explore the anticancer mechanism of bischalcone analogs on human lung cancer A549 cells. In this study, we synthesized a series of bischalcone analogs via Aldol condensation reaction; MTT method was used to evaluate the antiproliferation effects; the 2',7'-dichlorofluorescein fluorescence assay was used to determine the intracellular reactive oxygen species levels; the glutathione reductase-DTNB recycling assay was used to detect the redox imbalance; determination of thiobarbituric acid-reactive substance was used to evaluate the lipid peroxidation; Rhodamine 123 was used to test the mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP); the FITC/PI kit was used to detect the apoptosis; Western blotting was used to detect the expression of Bax and Caspase 3. After treatment with curcumin and bischalcone analogs, compounds 1d and 1g, the more stabilities compounds than curcumin, exhibited much higher potency in A549 cells than curcumin and other bischalcone analogs. Further mechanism of action studies revealed that 1d and 1g exhibited more stronger reactive oxygen species production abilities than curcumin and accompanied by the redox imbalance, lipid peroxidation, the loss of MMP, the activition of Bax and Caspase 3, and ultimately resulted in apoptosis of A549 cell. These data suggest that enhancing the reactive oxygen species generation ability of bischalcone analogs may be a promising strategy for the treatment of human lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Liaocheng University, 1 Hunan Street, Liaocheng, Shandong, 252000, China.
| | - Wen-Wen Mu
- School of Pharmacy, Liaocheng University, 1 Hunan Street, Liaocheng, Shandong, 252000, China
| | - Guo-Yun Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Liaocheng University, 1 Hunan Street, Liaocheng, Shandong, 252000, China
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Lima RS, Perez CN, da Silva CC, Santana MJ, Queiroz Júnior LH, Barreto S, de Moraes MO, Martins FT. Structure and cytotoxic activity of terpenoid-like chalcones. ARAB J CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2016.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
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Burmaoglu S, Ozcan S, Balcioglu S, Gencel M, Noma SAA, Essiz S, Ates B, Algul O. Synthesis, biological evaluation and molecular docking studies of bis-chalcone derivatives as xanthine oxidase inhibitors and anticancer agents. Bioorg Chem 2019; 91:103149. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2019.103149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2019] [Revised: 07/09/2019] [Accepted: 07/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Minhas R, Bansal Y, Bansal G. Inducible nitric oxide synthase inhibitors: A comprehensive update. Med Res Rev 2019; 40:823-855. [PMID: 31502681 DOI: 10.1002/med.21636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2019] [Revised: 08/22/2019] [Accepted: 08/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), which is expressed in response to bacterial/proinflammatory stimuli, generates nitric oxide (NO) that provides cytoprotection. Overexpression of iNOS increases the levels of NO, and this increased NO level is implicated in pathophysiology of complex multifactorial diseases like Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, multiple sclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, and inflammatory bowel disease. Selective inhibition of iNOS is an effective approach in treatment of such complex diseases. l-Arginine, being a substrate for iNOS, is the natural lead to develop iNOS inhibitors. More than 200 research reports on development of nitric oxide synthase inhibitors by different research groups across the globe have appeared in literature so far. The first review on iNOS, in 2002, discussed the iNOS inhibitors under two classes that is, amino acid and non-amino acid derivatives. Other review articles discussing specific chemical classes of iNOS inhibitors also appeared during last decade. In the present review, all reports on both natural and synthetic iNOS inhibitors, published 2002 onwards, are studied, classified, and discussed to provide comprehensive information on iNOS inhibitors. The synthetic inhibitors are broadly classified into two categories that is, arginine and non-arginine analogs. The latter are further classified into amidines, five- or six-membered heterocyclics, fused cyclics, steroidal type, and chalcones analogs. Structures of the most/significantly potent compounds from each report are provided to know the functional groups important for incurring iNOS inhibitory activity and selectivity. This review is aimed to provide a comprehensive view to the medicinal chemists for rational designing of novel and potent iNOS inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richa Minhas
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Research, Punjabi University, Patiala, Punjab, India
| | - Yogita Bansal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Research, Punjabi University, Patiala, Punjab, India
| | - Gulshan Bansal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Research, Punjabi University, Patiala, Punjab, India
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E. Ali T, A. Assiri M, A. Ibrahim M, M. El-Amin E, S. Yahia I. 4,6-Diacetylresorcinol in Heterocyclic Synthesis Part II: Synthesis of Some Novel 4,6-Bis(azolyl/azinyl/azepinyl)resorcinols. HETEROCYCLES 2019. [DOI: 10.3987/com-18-14020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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10
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Lee D, Lee H, Kang KS, Lee JW. 2-Bromo-4,5-Dimethoxy Chalcone Inhibits Cisplatin-induced LLC-PK1 Kidney Cell Death. B KOREAN CHEM SOC 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/bkcs.11454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dahae Lee
- School of Pharmacy; Sungkyunkwan University; Suwon 16419 South Korea
| | - Heesu Lee
- College of Dentisty; Gangneung Wonju National University; Gangneung 25457 South Korea
| | - Ki Sung Kang
- College of Korean Medicine; Gachon University; Seongnam 13120 South Korea
| | - Jae Wook Lee
- Natural Constituent Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology; Gangneung 25451 South Korea
- Convergence Research Center of Dementia, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST); Seoul 02792 South Korea
- Department of Biological Chemistry; Korea University of Science and Technology; Daejun 34113 South Korea
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Jing L, Tang Y, Goto M, Lee KH, Xiao Z. SAR study on N2, N4-disubstituted pyrimidine-2,4-diamines as effective CDK2/CDK9 inhibitors and antiproliferative agents. RSC Adv 2018; 8:11871-11885. [PMID: 29682280 PMCID: PMC5890689 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra01440j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2018] [Accepted: 03/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) are pivotal kinases in cell cycle transition and gene transcription. A series of N2,N4-diphenylpyrimidine-2,4-diamines were previously identified as potent CDK2/CDK9 inhibitors. To explore the SAR of this structural prototype, twenty-four novel N2,N4-disubstituted pyrimidine-2,4-diamines were designed and synthesized. Among them, twenty-one compounds exhibited potent inhibitory activities against both CDK2/cyclin A and CDK9/cyclin T1 systems, and the most potent CDK2 and CDK9 inhibitors, 3g and 3c, showed IC50 values of 83 nM and 65 nM respectively. Most of these compounds displayed significant inhibition against the tested tumor cell lines in the SRB assay, and in particular, remained active against the triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) cell line MDA-MB-231. Flow cytometer analysis of compounds 2a, 2d and 3b in MDA-MB-231 cells indicated that these compounds induced cell cycle arrest in G2/M phase. Docking studies on compound 3g were performed, which provided conducive clues for further molecular optimization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liandong Jing
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Active Substance Discovery and Druggability Evaluation, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China. Tel: +86-10- 63189228;
| | - Yanbo Tang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Active Substance Discovery and Druggability Evaluation, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China. Tel: +86-10- 63189228;
| | - Masuo Goto
- Natural Products Research Laboratories, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-7568, USA
| | - Kuo-Hsiung Lee
- Natural Products Research Laboratories, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-7568, USA
- Chinese Medicine Research and Development Center, China Medical University and Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Zhiyan Xiao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Active Substance Discovery and Druggability Evaluation, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China. Tel: +86-10- 63189228;
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12
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A re-investigation of the Fries rearrangement of 3-chlorophenyl acetate and synthesis of 2-azido-1-(4-(benzyloxy)-2-chlorophenyl)ethanone from 4-bromo-3-chlorophenol. Tetrahedron Lett 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2017.11.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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13
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Jin Z, Yang YZ, Chen JX, Tang YZ. Inhibition of pro-inflammatory mediators in RAW264.7 cells by 7-hydroxyflavone and 7,8-dihydroxyflavone. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017; 69:865-874. [PMID: 28295316 DOI: 10.1111/jphp.12714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2016] [Accepted: 01/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Flavonoids are a class of compounds that having the benzo-γ-pyrone skeleton, which possess anti-inflammatory properties in vitro and in vivo. The aim of this study was to investigate the inhibition of two flavonoids 7-hydroxyflavone (HF) and 7,8-dihydroxyflavone (DHF) on the production of pro-inflammatory mediators in RAW264.7 cells activated by lipopolysaccharides (LPS). METHODS For this purpose, we selected four pro-inflammatory mediators including nitric oxide (NO), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2 ), tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) as markers to evaluate the anti-inflammatory activity of HF and DHF. KEY FINDINGS In this regard, we showed that HF and DHF dose-dependently reduced the production of NO, PGE2 , TNF-α and IL-6 through downregulating mRNA expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), cyclooxygenase 2 (COX2), TNF-α and IL-6, respectively. Moreover, DHF generally possesses more efficient than HF in reducing these markers secretion in this study. CONCLUSIONS Consider together, these findings suggest that DHF and HF can inhibit LPS-induced inflammation via attenuating the production of NO, PGE2 , TNF-α and IL-6, indicating that they may be lead compounds for developing anti-inflammatory agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Jin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yao-Zhi Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jian-Xin Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - You-Zhi Tang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
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14
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Cai CY, Rao L, Rao Y, Guo JX, Xiao ZZ, Cao JY, Huang ZS, Wang B. Analogues of xanthones--Chalcones and bis-chalcones as α-glucosidase inhibitors and anti-diabetes candidates. Eur J Med Chem 2017; 130:51-59. [PMID: 28242551 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2017.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2016] [Revised: 01/11/2017] [Accepted: 02/04/2017] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Two series of compounds (chalcones and bis-chalcones) were designed, synthesized, and evaluated as α-glucosidase inhibitors (AGIs) with 1-deoxynojirimycin as positive control in vitro. Most of the compounds with two or four hydroxyl groups showed better inhibitory activities than 1-deoxynojirimycin towards α-glucosidase with noncompetitive mechanism. Moreover, most of the hydroxy bis-chalcones exhibit good α-glucosidase inhibitory activities in enzyme test. Inspiringly, bis-chalcones 2g (at 1 μM concentration) has stronger effect than 1-deoxynojirimycin on reducing the glucose level in HepG-2 cells (human liver cancer cell line).
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao-Yun Cai
- School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, 135 Xingang West Road, Guangzhou, 510275, PR China
| | - Li Rao
- School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, 135 Xingang West Road, Guangzhou, 510275, PR China
| | - Yong Rao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, PR China
| | - Jin-Xuan Guo
- School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, 135 Xingang West Road, Guangzhou, 510275, PR China
| | - Zhi-Zun Xiao
- School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, 135 Xingang West Road, Guangzhou, 510275, PR China
| | - Jing-Yu Cao
- School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, 135 Xingang West Road, Guangzhou, 510275, PR China
| | - Zhi-Shu Huang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, PR China
| | - Bo Wang
- School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, 135 Xingang West Road, Guangzhou, 510275, PR China.
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15
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Baba NK, Ashok D, Rao BA, Sarasija M, Murthy N, Srinivasarao V, Parthasarathy T. Microwave-assisted synthesis of bis(N-substituted thiazol-2-amine) derivatives and their biological activities. HETEROCYCL COMMUN 2017. [DOI: 10.1515/hc-2017-0129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractNew 4,4′-(4,6-dimethoxy-1,3-phenylene)-bis(
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16
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Armenise N, Malferrari D, Ricciardulli S, Galletti P, Tagliavini E. Multicomponent Cascade Synthesis of Biaryl-Based Chalcones in Pure Water and in an Aqueous Micellar Environment. European J Org Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201600095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Armenise
- Department of Chemistry “G. Ciamician”; University of Bologna; 2, Via Selmi 40126 Bologna Italy
| | - Danilo Malferrari
- Interdepartmental Centre for Industrial Research “Energy and Environment” (CIRI EA); University of Bologna; 163, Via S. Alberto 48123 Ravenna Italy
| | - Sara Ricciardulli
- Department of Chemistry “G. Ciamician”; University of Bologna; 2, Via Selmi 40126 Bologna Italy
| | - Paola Galletti
- Department of Chemistry “G. Ciamician”; University of Bologna; 2, Via Selmi 40126 Bologna Italy
- Interdepartmental Centre for Industrial Research “Energy and Environment” (CIRI EA); University of Bologna; 163, Via S. Alberto 48123 Ravenna Italy
| | - Emilio Tagliavini
- Department of Chemistry “G. Ciamician”; University of Bologna; 2, Via Selmi 40126 Bologna Italy
- Interdepartmental Centre for Industrial Research “Energy and Environment” (CIRI EA); University of Bologna; 163, Via S. Alberto 48123 Ravenna Italy
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Mahapatra DK, Bharti SK, Asati V. Anti-cancer chalcones: Structural and molecular target perspectives. Eur J Med Chem 2015; 98:69-114. [PMID: 26005917 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2015.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 307] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2015] [Revised: 04/16/2015] [Accepted: 05/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Chalcone or (E)-1,3-diphenyl-2-propene-1-one scaffold remained a fascination among researchers in the 21st century due to its simple chemistry, ease of synthesis and a wide variety of promising biological activities. Several natural and (semi) synthetic chalcones have shown anti-cancer activity due to their inhibitory potential against various targets namely ABCG2/P-gp/BCRP, 5α-reductase, aromatase, 17-β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase, HDAC/Situin-1, proteasome, VEGF, VEGFR-2 kinase, MMP-2/9, JAK/STAT signaling pathways, CDC25B, tubulin, cathepsin-K, topoisomerase-II, Wnt, NF-κB, B-Raf and mTOR etc. In this review, a comprehensive study on molecular targets/pathways involved in carcinogenesis, mechanism of actions (MOAs), structure activity relationships (SARs) and patents granted have been highlighted. With the knowledge of molecular targets, structural insights and SARs, this review may be helpful for (medicinal) chemists to design more potent, safe, selective and cost effective anti-cancer chalcones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debarshi Kar Mahapatra
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya (A Central University), Bilaspur 495009, Chhattisgarh, India
| | - Sanjay Kumar Bharti
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya (A Central University), Bilaspur 495009, Chhattisgarh, India.
| | - Vivek Asati
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya (A Central University), Bilaspur 495009, Chhattisgarh, India
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Gao J, Fang C, Xiao Z, Huang L, Chen CH, Wang LT, Lee KH. Discovery of novel 5-fluoro- N2, N4-diphenylpyrimidine-2,4-diamines as potent inhibitors against CDK2 and CDK9. MEDCHEMCOMM 2015; 6:444-454. [PMID: 25914804 DOI: 10.1039/c4md00412d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Based on a 3D-QSAR pharmacophore derived from a diverse set of known cyclin-dependent kinase 9 (CDK9) inhibitors and a composite pharmacophore extracted from the complex structure of flavopiridol (FVP)-CDK9, thirty novel 5-fluoro-N2,N4-diphenylpyrimidine-2,4-diamine derivatives were designed and synthesized. Initial tests against four tumor cell lines with the sulforhodamine B (SRB) assay identified a series of potent compounds with GI50 values at lower micromolar or submicromolar level. Most of the highly cytotoxic compounds exhibited potent inhibitory activities against both CDK2/cyclin E1 and CDK9/cyclin T1. Notably, inhibitions against the two enzymes were generally correlated well with the cytotoxicity of these compounds. Appreciable inhibition was also observed for selected compounds in the anti-HIV-1 assay. Docking studies on compounds 6d and 9g provided conducive clues to further structural optimization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiadi Gao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Active Substance Discovery and Druggability Evaluation, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Cheng Fang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Active Substance Discovery and Druggability Evaluation, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Zhiyan Xiao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Active Substance Discovery and Druggability Evaluation, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Li Huang
- Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Chin-Ho Chen
- Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Li-Ting Wang
- Natural Products Research Laboratories, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-7568, USA
| | - Kuo-Hsiung Lee
- Natural Products Research Laboratories, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-7568, USA ; Chinese Medicine Research and Development Center, China Medical University and Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
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Singh P, Anand A, Kumar V. Recent developments in biological activities of chalcones: a mini review. Eur J Med Chem 2014; 85:758-77. [PMID: 25137491 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2014.08.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 454] [Impact Index Per Article: 45.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2014] [Revised: 08/07/2014] [Accepted: 08/08/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Chalcones represent key structural motif in the plethora of biologically active molecules including synthetic and natural products. Synthetic manipulations of chalcones or their isolation from natural sources are being investigated worldwide for the development of more potent and efficient drugs for the treatment of several dreadful diseases such as cancer, diabetes, HIV, tuberculosis, malaria etc. Over the past few years, a large volume of research papers and review articles highlighting the significance of chalcone derivatives has been compiled in the literature. The present review article focuses on the recent developments (2010-2014) on various pharmacological and medicinal aspects of chalcones and their analogues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parvesh Singh
- School of Chemistry and Physics, University of KwaZulu Natal, P/Bag X54001, Westville, Durban 4000, South Africa
| | - Amit Anand
- Department of Chemistry, Khalsa College, Amritsar 143005, India
| | - Vipan Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar 143005, India.
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Synthesis, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activity of ring-A-monosubstituted chalcone derivatives. Med Chem Res 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-014-1007-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Kumar R, Richa, Andhare NH, Shard A, Sinha AK. Water Compatible Multicomponent Cascade Suzuki/Heck-Aldol, Suzuki-Aldol-Suzuki, and Aldol-Suzuki-Aldol Reactions: An Ecofriendly Paradigm for Multiple CarbonCarbon Bond Formation in One Pot. Chemistry 2013; 19:14798-803. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201303069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2013] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Singh M, Raghav N. Synthesis, docking, and in vitro studies of some substituted bischalcones on acid and alkaline phosphatases. Med Chem Res 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-013-0780-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Ali TE, Ibrahim MA, El-Gendy ZM, El-Amin EM. 4,6-Diacetylresorcinol in Heterocyclic Synthesis, Part I: Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Some New Linearly and Angularly Substituted Pyrano[3,2-g] Chromenes via Vilsmeier–Haack Formylation of 4,6-Diacetylresorcinol, Its Schiff Bases, and Hydrazones. SYNTHETIC COMMUN 2013. [DOI: 10.1080/00397911.2013.783074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Tarik E. Ali
- a Department of Chemistry , Faculty of Education, Ain Shams University , Roxy , Cairo , Egypt
| | - Magdy A. Ibrahim
- a Department of Chemistry , Faculty of Education, Ain Shams University , Roxy , Cairo , Egypt
| | - Zeinab M. El-Gendy
- a Department of Chemistry , Faculty of Education, Ain Shams University , Roxy , Cairo , Egypt
| | - Eman M. El-Amin
- a Department of Chemistry , Faculty of Education, Ain Shams University , Roxy , Cairo , Egypt
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Wei S, Tang YB, Hua H, Ohkoshi E, Goto M, Wang LT, Lee KH, Xiao Z. Discovery of novel andrographolide derivatives as cytotoxic agents. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2013; 23:4056-60. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2013.05.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2013] [Revised: 05/05/2013] [Accepted: 05/18/2013] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Xu K, Xiao Z, Tang YB, Huang L, Chen CH, Ohkoshi E, Lee KH. Design and synthesis of naphthoquinone derivatives as antiproliferative agents and 20S proteasome inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2012; 22:2772-4. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2012.02.086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2012] [Revised: 02/23/2012] [Accepted: 02/24/2012] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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