1
|
AlKhathami AAM, Saad HA, Fareed FA, El-Shafey ES, Elsherbiny ES, El Nahas MR, Aly MRE. Improvement of Metabolic and Histological Changes of Adiposity in Rats by Synthetic Oleoyl Chalcones. Chem Biodivers 2023; 20:e202200670. [PMID: 36637106 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202200670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2022] [Revised: 01/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
We previously reported that synthetic oleoyl chalcones had a favorable effect to alleviate metabolic consequences of obesity in male SD rats. In this work, we prepared and characterized by spectroscopic tools, a set of six oleoyl chalcones (5a-c, 10 and 11a,b). The comparative effects of the previously prepared oleoyl chalcones and their new synthetic analogs on metabolic and histological changes in obese male SD rats were studied. It was found that the oleoyl chalcones IIIa and IV were the best in improving many metabolic parameters, e. g., FBG, FI, ISI, TG, and total cholesterol. They cured systemic inflammation, through inhibition of the TNF-α and induction of adiponectin production. Moreover, chalcones IIIa and IV alleviated the oxidative stress accompanying obesity through the induction of the antioxidant enzymes GPX, SOD and CAT besides, GSH. Interestingly, chalcones IIIa and IV exerted hepatoprotective potency and ameliorated the manifestations of NAFLD via inhibition of apoptosis and induction of autophagy of hepatic cells. In conclusion, the oleoyl chalcones IIIa and IV were the most effective candidates among the series of synthetic chalcones in correcting body weight and the consequent metabolic and histological changes in adiposity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Azza A M AlKhathami
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Taif University, P. O. Box 11099, Taif, 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hosam A Saad
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Taif University, P. O. Box 11099, Taif, 21944, Saudi Arabia.,Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Zagazig University, 44511, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Fareed A Fareed
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Port Said University, 42522, Port Said, Egypt, on leave from Taif University to Port Said University
| | - Eman S El-Shafey
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Damietta University, 34517 Damietta, Egypt
| | - Eslam S Elsherbiny
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Damietta University, 34517 Damietta, Egypt
| | - Mamdouh R El Nahas
- Internal Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Port Said University, 42522, Port Said, Egypt
| | - Mohamed R E Aly
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Taif University, P. O. Box 11099, Taif, 21944, Saudi Arabia.,Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Port Said University, 42522, Port Said, Egypt, on leave from Taif University to Port Said University
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Quach T, Hu L, Han S, Lim SF, Senyschyn D, Yadav P, Trevaskis NL, Simpson JS, Porter CJH. Triglyceride-Mimetic Prodrugs of Buprenorphine Enhance Oral Bioavailability via Promotion of Lymphatic Transport. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:879660. [PMID: 35496278 PMCID: PMC9039622 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.879660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Buprenorphine (BUP) is a potent opioid analgesic that is widely used for severe pain management and opioid replacement therapy. The oral bioavailability of BUP, however, is significantly limited by first-pass metabolism. Previous studies have shown that triglyceride (TG) mimetic prodrugs of the steroid hormone testosterone circumvent first-pass metabolism by directing drug transport through the intestinal lymphatics, bypassing the liver. The current study expanded this prodrug strategy to BUP. Here different self-immolative (SI) linkers were evaluated to conjugate BUP to the 2 position of the TG backbone via the phenol group on BUP. The SI linkers were designed to promote drug release in plasma. Lipolysis of the prodrug in the intestinal tract was examined via incubation with simulated intestinal fluid (SIF), and potential for parent drug liberation in the systemic circulation was evaluated via incubation in rat plasma. Lymphatic transport and bioavailability studies were subsequently conducted in mesenteric lymph duct or carotid artery-cannulated rats, respectively. TG prodrug derivatives were efficiently transported into the lymphatics (up to 45% of the dose in anaesthetised rats, vs. less than 0.1% for BUP). Incorporation of the SI linkers facilitated BUP release from the prodrugs in the plasma and in concert with high lymphatic transport led to a marked enhancement in oral bioavailability (up to 22-fold) compared to BUP alone. These data suggest the potential to develop an orally bioavailable BUP product which may have advantages with respect to patient preference when compared to current sublingual, transdermal patch or parenteral formulations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tim Quach
- Medicinal Chemistry, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Luojuan Hu
- Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Sifei Han
- Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- *Correspondence: Sifei Han, ; Christopher J. H. Porter,
| | - Shea F. Lim
- Medicinal Chemistry, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Danielle Senyschyn
- Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Preeti Yadav
- Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Natalie L. Trevaskis
- Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Jamie S. Simpson
- Medicinal Chemistry, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Christopher J. H. Porter
- Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- *Correspondence: Sifei Han, ; Christopher J. H. Porter,
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Design, Synthesis, Characterization of New Carbamates of 4-Nitrophenylchloroformate and Their Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Activities: an In Vitro and In Silico Approach. CHEMISTRY AFRICA 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s42250-020-00211-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
|
4
|
Barbe G, Chai D, Chen B, Guay D, Levesque E, Mancuso J, DeChristopher B. A Condensed, Scalable Synthesis of Racemic Koningic Acid. J Org Chem 2020; 85:6788-6793. [PMID: 32312046 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c00344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The natural product koningic acid (KA) is a selective covalent inhibitor of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH), a critical node in the glycolysis pathway. While KA is available commercially, sources are limited and its cost becomes rapidly prohibitive beyond the milligram scale. Additionally, a practical and flexible synthetic route to KA and analogs remains to be developed. Here we detail a new route that is operationally safer, scalable and offers a five-step reduction in the previously reported longest linear sequence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guillaume Barbe
- Rheos Medicines Inc., 38 Sidney Street Suite 200, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - David Chai
- NuChem Therapeutics Inc., 2350 Cohen, Suite 201, Saint-Laurent, QC Canada, H4R 2N6
| | - Bin Chen
- NuChem Therapeutics Inc., 2350 Cohen, Suite 201, Saint-Laurent, QC Canada, H4R 2N6
| | - Daniel Guay
- NuChem Therapeutics Inc., 2350 Cohen, Suite 201, Saint-Laurent, QC Canada, H4R 2N6
| | - Eric Levesque
- NuChem Therapeutics Inc., 2350 Cohen, Suite 201, Saint-Laurent, QC Canada, H4R 2N6
| | - John Mancuso
- NuChem Therapeutics Inc., 2350 Cohen, Suite 201, Saint-Laurent, QC Canada, H4R 2N6
| | - Brian DeChristopher
- Rheos Medicines Inc., 38 Sidney Street Suite 200, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
La Spina M, Galletta E, Azzolini M, Gomez Zorita S, Parrasia S, Salvalaio M, Salmaso A, Biasutto L. Browning Effects of a Chronic Pterostilbene Supplementation in Mice Fed a High-Fat Diet. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20215377. [PMID: 31671737 PMCID: PMC6862528 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20215377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2019] [Revised: 10/25/2019] [Accepted: 10/27/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity and related comorbidities are a major health concern. The drugs used to treat these conditions are largely inadequate or dangerous, and a well-researched approach based on nutraceuticals would be highly useful. Pterostilbene (Pt), i.e., 3,5-dimethylresveratrol, has been reported to be effective in animal models of obesity, acting on different metabolic pathways. We investigate here its ability to induce browning of white adipose tissue. Pt (5 µM) was first tested on 3T3-L1 mature adipocytes, and then it was administered (352 µmol/kg/day) to mice fed an obesogenic high-fat diet (HFD) for 30 weeks, starting at weaning. In the cultured adipocytes, the treatment elicited a significant increase of the levels of Uncoupling Protein 1 (UCP1) protein—a key component of thermogenic, energy-dissipating beige/brown adipocytes. In vivo administration antagonized weight increase, more so in males than in females. Analysis of inguinal White Adipose Tissue (WAT) revealed a trend towards browning, with significantly increased transcription of several marker genes (Cidea, Ebf2, Pgc1α, PPARγ, Sirt1, and Tbx1) and an increase in UCP1 protein levels, which, however, did not achieve significance. Given the lack of known side effects of Pt, this study strengthens the candidacy of this natural phenol as an anti-obesity nutraceutical.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Martina La Spina
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy.
| | - Eva Galletta
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy.
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy.
| | - Michele Azzolini
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy.
| | - Saioa Gomez Zorita
- Nutrition and Obesity Group, Department of Pharmacy and Food Science, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU) and Lucio Lascaray Research Institute, 01006 Vitoria, Spain.
- CIBEROBN Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, Institute of Health Carlos III, 01006 Vitoria, Spain.
| | - Sofia Parrasia
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy.
| | - Marika Salvalaio
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy.
| | - Andrea Salmaso
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy.
- Padova Unit, CNR Neuroscience Institute, 35131 Padova, Italy.
| | - Lucia Biasutto
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy.
- Padova Unit, CNR Neuroscience Institute, 35131 Padova, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Biasutto L, Mattarei A, La Spina M, Azzolini M, Parrasia S, Szabò I, Zoratti M. Strategies to target bioactive molecules to subcellular compartments. Focus on natural compounds. Eur J Med Chem 2019; 181:111557. [PMID: 31374419 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2019.07.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2019] [Revised: 07/04/2019] [Accepted: 07/21/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Many potential pharmacological targets are present in multiple subcellular compartments and have different pathophysiological roles depending on location. In these cases, selective targeting of a drug to the relevant subcellular domain(s) may help to sharpen its impact by providing topological specificity, thus limiting side effects, and to concentrate the compound where needed, thus increasing its effectiveness. We review here the state of the art in precision subcellular delivery. The major approaches confer "homing" properties to the active principle via permanent or reversible (in pro-drug fashion) modifications, or through the use of special-design nanoparticles or liposomes to ferry a drug(s) cargo to its desired destination. An assortment of peptides, substituents with delocalized positive charges, custom-blended lipid mixtures, pH- or enzyme-sensitive groups provide the main tools of the trade. Mitochondria, lysosomes and the cell membrane may be mentioned as the fronts on which the most significant advances have been made. Most of the examples presented here have to do with targeting natural compounds - in particular polyphenols, known as pleiotropic agents - to one or the other subcellular compartment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Biasutto
- CNR Neuroscience Institute, Viale G. Colombo 3, 35121, Padova, Italy; Dept. Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Viale G. Colombo 3, 35121, Padova, Italy.
| | - Andrea Mattarei
- Dept. Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 5, 35131, Padova, Italy
| | - Martina La Spina
- Dept. Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Viale G. Colombo 3, 35121, Padova, Italy
| | - Michele Azzolini
- Dept. Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Viale G. Colombo 3, 35121, Padova, Italy
| | - Sofia Parrasia
- Dept. Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Viale G. Colombo 3, 35121, Padova, Italy
| | - Ildikò Szabò
- CNR Neuroscience Institute, Viale G. Colombo 3, 35121, Padova, Italy; Dept. Biology, University of Padova, Viale G. Colombo 3, 35121, Padova, Italy
| | - Mario Zoratti
- CNR Neuroscience Institute, Viale G. Colombo 3, 35121, Padova, Italy; Dept. Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Viale G. Colombo 3, 35121, Padova, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Li Y, Wang Y, Zhang R, Liu C, Wei Y, Sun J, He Z, Xu Y, Zhang T. Improving the oral bioavailability of tapentadol via a carbamate prodrug approach: synthesis, bioactivation, and pharmacokinetics. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2018; 8:1335-1344. [DOI: 10.1007/s13346-018-0524-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
|
8
|
Hufendiek A, Lingier S, Espeel P, De Wildeman S, Du Prez FE. Polycycloacetals via polytransacetalization of diglycerol bisacetonide. Polym Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c8py01191e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Diglycerol bisacetonide sourced from renewable, abundant and inexpensive glycerol is introduced as a building block for polycycloacetal (co)polymers, which cover a range in thermal and mechanical properties and degradability profile.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Hufendiek
- Polymer Chemistry Research Group
- Centre of Macromolecular Chemistry (CMaC)
- Department of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry
- Ghent University
- 9000 Ghent
| | - Sophie Lingier
- Polymer Chemistry Research Group
- Centre of Macromolecular Chemistry (CMaC)
- Department of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry
- Ghent University
- 9000 Ghent
| | - Pieter Espeel
- Polymer Chemistry Research Group
- Centre of Macromolecular Chemistry (CMaC)
- Department of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry
- Ghent University
- 9000 Ghent
| | - Stefaan De Wildeman
- Biobased Materials
- Faculty of Humanities and Sciences
- Maastricht University
- 6200 MD Geleen
- The Netherlands
| | - Filip E. Du Prez
- Polymer Chemistry Research Group
- Centre of Macromolecular Chemistry (CMaC)
- Department of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry
- Ghent University
- 9000 Ghent
| |
Collapse
|