1
|
AbouAitah K, Geioushy RA, Nour SA, Emam MTH, Zakaria MA, Fouad OA, Shaker YM, Kim BS. A Combined Phyto- and Photodynamic Delivery Nanoplatform Enhances Antimicrobial Therapy: Design, Preparation, In Vitro Evaluation, and Molecular Docking. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2024; 7:6873-6889. [PMID: 39374427 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.4c00988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/09/2024]
Abstract
Microbial combating is one of the hot research topics, and finding an alternative strategy is considerably required nowadays. Here, we report on a developed combined chemo- and photodynamic delivery system with a core of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs), porphyrin photosensitizer (POR) connected to alginate polymer (ALG), and berberine (alkaloid natural agent, BER) with favorable antimicrobial effects. According to the achieved main designs, the results demonstrated that the loading capacity and entrapment efficiency reached 22.2 wt % and 95.2%, respectively, for ZnO@ALG-POR/BER nanoformulation (second design) compared to 5.88 wt % and 45.1% for ZnOBER@ALG-POR design (first design). Importantly, when the intended nanoformulations were combined with laser irradiation for 10 min, they showed effective antifungal and antibacterial action against Candida albicans, Escherichia coli, and Staphylococcus aureus. Comparing these treatments to ZnO NPs and free BER, a complete (100%) suppression of bacterial and fungal growth was observed by ZnO@ALG-POR/BER nanoformulation treated E. coli, and by ZnOBER treated C. albicans. Also, after laser treatments, most data showed that E. coli was more sensitive to treatments using nanoformulations than S. aureus. The nanoformulations like ZnOBER@ALG-POR were highly comparable to traditional antibiotics against C. albicans and E. coli before laser application. The results of the cytotoxicity assessment demonstrated that the nanoformulations exhibited moderate biocompatibility on normal human immortalized retinal epithelial (RPE1) cells. Notably, the most biocompatible nanoformulation was ZnOBER@ALG-POR, which possessed ∼9% inhibition of RPE1 cells compared to others. High binding affinities were found between all three microbial strains' receptor proteins and ligands in the molecular docking interaction between the receptor proteins and the ligand molecules (mostly BER and POR). In conclusion, our findings point to the possible use of hybrid nanoplatform delivery systems that combine natural agents and photodynamic therapy into a single therapeutic agent, effectively combating microbial infections. Therapeutic efficiency correlates with nanoformulation design and microorganisms, demonstrating possible optimization for further development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Khaled AbouAitah
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk 28644, Republic of Korea
- Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Research Department, Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Research Institute, National Research Centre (NRC), 33 El-Behouth St., Dokki, Giza 12622, Egypt
| | - Ramadan A Geioushy
- Nanostructured Materials and Nanotechnology Department, Advanced Materials Institute, Central Metallurgical Research and Development Institute (CMRDI), P.O. Box 87, Helwan, Cairo 11421, Egypt
| | - Shaimaa A Nour
- Chemistry of Natural and Microbial Products Department, Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Research Institute, National Research Centre (NRC), 33 El-Behouth St., Dokki, Giza 12622, Egypt
| | - Maha T H Emam
- Department of Genetics and Cytology, Biotechnology Research Institute, National Research Centre, 33 El-Behouth St., Dokki, Giza 12622, Egypt
| | - Mohammed A Zakaria
- Spectroscopy Department, Physics Research Institute, National Research Centre, 33 El-Behouth St., Dokki, Giza 12622, Egypt
| | - Osama A Fouad
- Nanostructured Materials and Nanotechnology Department, Advanced Materials Institute, Central Metallurgical Research and Development Institute (CMRDI), P.O. Box 87, Helwan, Cairo 11421, Egypt
| | - Yasser M Shaker
- Chemistry of Natural and Microbial Products Department, Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Research Institute, National Research Centre (NRC), 33 El-Behouth St., Dokki, Giza 12622, Egypt
| | - Beom Soo Kim
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk 28644, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Zhai X, Wu G, Tao X, Yang S, Lv L, Zhu Y, Dong D, Xiang H. Success stories of natural product-derived compounds from plants as multidrug resistance modulators in microorganisms. RSC Adv 2023; 13:7798-7817. [PMID: 36909750 PMCID: PMC9994607 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra00184a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Microorganisms evolve resistance to antibiotics as a function of evolution. Antibiotics have accelerated bacterial resistance through mutations and acquired resistance through a combination of factors. In some cases, multiple antibiotic-resistant determinants are encoded in these genes, immediately making the recipient organism a "superbug". Current antimicrobials are no longer effective against infections caused by pathogens that have developed antimicrobial resistance (AMR), and the problem has become a crisis. Microorganisms that acquire resistance to chemotherapy (multidrug resistance) are a major obstacle for successful treatments. Pharmaceutical industries should be highly interested in natural product-derived compounds, as they offer new sources of chemical entities for the development of new drugs. Phytochemical research and recent experimental advances are discussed in this review in relation to the antimicrobial efficacy of selected natural product-derived compounds as well as details of synergistic mechanisms and structures. The present review recognizesand amplifies the importance of compounds with natural origins, which can be used to create safer and more effective antimicrobial drugs by combating microorganisms that are resistant to multiple types of drugs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohan Zhai
- Department of Pharmacy, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University Dalian China
| | - Guoyu Wu
- Department of Pharmacy, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University Dalian China
| | - Xufeng Tao
- Department of Pharmacy, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University Dalian China
| | - Shilei Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University Dalian China
| | - Linlin Lv
- Department of Pharmacy, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University Dalian China
| | - Yanna Zhu
- Department of Pharmacy, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University Dalian China
| | - Deshi Dong
- Department of Pharmacy, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University Dalian China
| | - Hong Xiang
- Laboratory of Integrative Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University Dalian China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Jian Y, Peng Y, Zhou W, Xu Y, Li C, Wang X, Zhou Q. Ru(II) Complexes with Enaminone Structures for Rapid Sterilization of Staphylococcus aureus and MRSA with Little Accumulation of Drug Resistance. ChemMedChem 2023; 18:e202300065. [PMID: 36751034 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.202300065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
Drug-resistant bacteria, such as methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), pose a serious threat to human life. Therefore, there is urgent need to develop antibiotics with new chemical structures and antibacterial mechanisms, especially those that elicit little drug resistance after long-term use. Herein we synthesized three novel ruthenium complexes (Ru1-Ru3) containing the enaminone structures for the first time. At a concentration of 5 μM, Ru1-Ru3 can lead to a CFU reduction of about 5 log units towards S. aureus and MRSA. Interestingly, Ru3 displayed rapid bactericidal effects and could decrease the CFU numbers of both pathogens by 5 log units within 40 min. The control compounds (Ru4 and Ru5) without the enaminone structures displayed very poor antibacterial activity under the same conditions. Moreover, S. aureus did not show apparent drug resistance towards Ru3 after 20 passages incubation with a sublethal concentration. These results highlight the critical role of enaminone structures for antibacterial applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yao Jian
- Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P.R. China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P.R. China
| | - Yatong Peng
- Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P.R. China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P.R. China
| | - Wanpeng Zhou
- Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P.R. China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P.R. China
| | - Yunli Xu
- Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P.R. China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P.R. China
| | - Chao Li
- Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P.R. China
| | - Xuesong Wang
- Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P.R. China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P.R. China
| | - Qianxiong Zhou
- Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Conjugates of Chloramphenicol Amine and Berberine as Antimicrobial Agents. Antibiotics (Basel) 2022; 12:antibiotics12010015. [PMID: 36671216 PMCID: PMC9854996 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12010015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
In order to obtain antimicrobial compounds with improved properties, new conjugates comprising two different biologically active agents within a single chimeric molecule based on chloramphenicol (CHL) and a hydrophobic cation were synthesized and studied. Chloramphenicol amine (CAM), derived from the ribosome-targeting antibiotic CHL, and the plant isoquinoline alkaloid berberine (BER) are connected by alkyl linkers of different lengths in structures of these conjugates. Using competition binding, double reporter system, and toeprinting assays, we showed that synthesized CAM-Cn-BER compounds bound to the bacterial ribosome and inhibited protein synthesis like the parent CHL. The mechanism of action of CAM-C5-BER and CAM-C8-BER on the process of bacterial translations was similar to CHL. Experiments with bacteria demonstrated that CAM-Cn-BERs suppressed the growth of laboratory strains of CHL and macrolides-resistant bacteria. CAM-C8-BER acted against mycobacteria and more selectively inhibited the growth of Gram-positive bacteria than the parent CHL and the berberine derivative lacking the CAM moiety (CH3-C8-BER). Using a potential-sensitive fluorescent probe, we found that CAM-C8-BER significantly reduced the membrane potential in B. subtilis cells. Crystal violet assays were used to demonstrate the absence of induction of biofilm formation under the action of CAM-C8-BER on E. coli bacteria. Thus, we showed that CAM-C8-BER could act both on the ribosome and on the cell membrane of bacteria, with the alkylated berberine fragment of the compound making a significant contribution to the inhibitory effect on bacterial growth. Moreover, we showed that CAM-Cn-BERs did not inhibit eukaryotic translation in vitro and were non-toxic for eukaryotic cells.
Collapse
|
5
|
Shahin IG, Mohamed KO, Taher AT, Mayhoub AS, Kassab AE. The Anti-MRSA Activity of Phenylthiazoles: A Comprehensive Review. Curr Pharm Des 2022; 28:3469-3477. [PMID: 36424796 DOI: 10.2174/1381612829666221124112006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2022] [Revised: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance is an aggravating global issue therefore it has been under extensive research in an attempt to reduce the number of antibiotics that are constantly reported as obsolete jeopardizing the lives of millions worldwide. Thiazoles possess a reputation as one of the most diverse biologically active nuclei, and phenylthiazoles are no less exceptional with an assorted array of biological activities such as anthelmintic, insecticidal, antimicrobial, antibacterial, and antifungal activity. Recently phenyl thiazoles came under the spotlight as a scaffold having strong potential as an anti-MRSA lead compound. It is a prominent pharmacophore in designing and synthesizing new compounds with antibacterial activity against multidrug-resistant bacteria such as MRSA, which is categorized as a serious threat pathogen, that exhibited concomitant resistance to most of the first-line antibiotics. MRSA has been associated with soft tissue and skin infections resulting in high death rates, rapid dissemination, and loss of millions of dollars of additional health care costs. In this brief review, we have focused on the advances of phenylthiazole derivatives as potential anti-MRSA from 2014 to 2021. The review encompasses the effect on biological activity due to combining this molecule with various synthetic pharmacophores. The physicochemical aspects were correlated with the pharmacokinetic properties of the reviewed compounds to reach a structure-activity relationship profile. Lead optimization of phenyl thiazole derivatives has additionally been outlined where the lipophilicity of the compounds was balanced with the metabolic stability and oral solubility to aid the researchers in medicinal chemistry, design, and synthesizing effective anti- MRSA phenylthiazoles in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Inas G Shahin
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, October University for Modern Sciences and Arts, Giza 11787, Egypt
| | - Khaled O Mohamed
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt
| | - Azza T Taher
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt.,Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, October 6 University, 6-October, Giza, Egypt
| | - Abdelrahman S Mayhoub
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt.,University of Science and Technology, Nanoscience Program, Zewail City of Science and Technology, October Gardens, 6th October, Giza 12578, Egypt
| | - Asmaa E Kassab
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Zeng QX, Wang K, Zhang X, Shi YL, Dou YY, Guo ZH, Zhang XT, Zhang N, Deng HB, Li YH, Song DQ. Structure-activity relationship and biological evaluation of 12 N-substituted aloperine derivatives as PD-L1 down-regulatory agents through proteasome pathway. Bioorg Chem 2021; 117:105432. [PMID: 34678602 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2021.105432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Revised: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Twenty-nine 12 N-substituted aloperine derivatives were synthesized and screened for suppression on PD-L1 expression in H460 cells, as a continuation of our work. Systematic structural modifications led to the identification of compound 6b as the most active PD-L1 modulator. Compound 6b could significantly down-regulate both constitutive and inductive PD-L1 expression in NSCLC cells, and successively enhance the cytotoxicity of co-cultured T cells against tumor cells at the concentration of 20 μM. Also, it exhibited a moderate in vivo anticancer efficacy against Lewis tumor xenograft with a stable PK and safety profile. The mechanism study indicated that 6b mediated the degradation of PD-L1 through a proteasome pathway, rather than a lysosome route. These results provided the powerful information for cancer immunotherapy of aloperine derivatives with unique endocyclic skeleton by targeting PD-L1 to activate immune cells to kill cancer cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qing-Xuan Zeng
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Kun Wang
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong 272000, China
| | - Yu-Long Shi
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Yue-Ying Dou
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Zhi-Hao Guo
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Xin-Tong Zhang
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Na Zhang
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Hong-Bin Deng
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China.
| | - Ying-Hong Li
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China.
| | - Dan-Qing Song
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Milani G, Cavalluzzi MM, Solidoro R, Salvagno L, Quintieri L, Di Somma A, Rosato A, Corbo F, Franchini C, Duilio A, Caputo L, Habtemariam S, Lentini G. Molecular Simplification of Natural Products: Synthesis, Antibacterial Activity, and Molecular Docking Studies of Berberine Open Models. Biomedicines 2021; 9:452. [PMID: 33922200 PMCID: PMC8146520 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9050452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Revised: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Berberine, the main bioactive component of many medicinal plants belonging to various genera such as Berberis, Coptis, and Hydrastis is a multifunctional compound. Among the numerous interesting biological properties of berberine is broad antimicrobial activity including a range of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. With the aim of identifying berberine analogues possibly endowed with higher lead-likeness and easier synthetic access, the molecular simplification approach was applied to the secondary metabolite and a series of analogues were prepared and screened for their antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial test species. Rewardingly, the berberine simplified analogues displayed 2-20-fold higher potency with respect to berberine. Since our berberine simplified analogues may be easily synthesized and are characterized by lower molecular weight than the parent compound, they are further functionalizable and should be more suitable for oral administration. Molecular docking simulations suggested FtsZ, a well-known protein involved in bacterial cell division, as a possible target.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gualtiero Milani
- Department of Pharmacy–Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari Aldo Moro, via E. Orabona n. 4, 70126 Bari, Italy; (G.M.); (R.S.); (L.S.); (A.R.); (F.C.); (C.F.); (G.L.)
| | - Maria Maddalena Cavalluzzi
- Department of Pharmacy–Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari Aldo Moro, via E. Orabona n. 4, 70126 Bari, Italy; (G.M.); (R.S.); (L.S.); (A.R.); (F.C.); (C.F.); (G.L.)
| | - Roberta Solidoro
- Department of Pharmacy–Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari Aldo Moro, via E. Orabona n. 4, 70126 Bari, Italy; (G.M.); (R.S.); (L.S.); (A.R.); (F.C.); (C.F.); (G.L.)
| | - Lara Salvagno
- Department of Pharmacy–Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari Aldo Moro, via E. Orabona n. 4, 70126 Bari, Italy; (G.M.); (R.S.); (L.S.); (A.R.); (F.C.); (C.F.); (G.L.)
| | - Laura Quintieri
- Institute of Sciences of Food Production (CNR-ISPA) National Council of Research, Via G. Amendola, 122/O, 70126 Bari, Italy; (L.Q.); (L.C.)
| | - Angela Di Somma
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples “Federico II” Via Cinthia 4, 80126 Napoli, Italy; (A.D.S.); (A.D.)
| | - Antonio Rosato
- Department of Pharmacy–Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari Aldo Moro, via E. Orabona n. 4, 70126 Bari, Italy; (G.M.); (R.S.); (L.S.); (A.R.); (F.C.); (C.F.); (G.L.)
| | - Filomena Corbo
- Department of Pharmacy–Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari Aldo Moro, via E. Orabona n. 4, 70126 Bari, Italy; (G.M.); (R.S.); (L.S.); (A.R.); (F.C.); (C.F.); (G.L.)
| | - Carlo Franchini
- Department of Pharmacy–Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari Aldo Moro, via E. Orabona n. 4, 70126 Bari, Italy; (G.M.); (R.S.); (L.S.); (A.R.); (F.C.); (C.F.); (G.L.)
| | - Angela Duilio
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples “Federico II” Via Cinthia 4, 80126 Napoli, Italy; (A.D.S.); (A.D.)
| | - Leonardo Caputo
- Institute of Sciences of Food Production (CNR-ISPA) National Council of Research, Via G. Amendola, 122/O, 70126 Bari, Italy; (L.Q.); (L.C.)
| | - Solomon Habtemariam
- Pharmacognosy Research Laboratories & Herbal Analysis Services, University of Greenwich, Chatham-Maritime, Kent ME4 4TB, UK;
| | - Giovanni Lentini
- Department of Pharmacy–Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari Aldo Moro, via E. Orabona n. 4, 70126 Bari, Italy; (G.M.); (R.S.); (L.S.); (A.R.); (F.C.); (C.F.); (G.L.)
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Zhao M, Bai J, Bu X, Tang Y, Han W, Li D, Wang L, Yang Y, Xu Y. Microwave-assisted aqueous two-phase extraction of phenolic compounds from Ribes nigrum L. and its antibacterial effect on foodborne pathogens. Food Control 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2020.107449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
|
9
|
Zhang X, Sun X, Wu J, Wu Y, Wang Y, Hu X, Wang X. Berberine Damages the Cell Surface of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:621. [PMID: 32411101 PMCID: PMC7198732 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.00621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2019] [Accepted: 03/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is currently regarded as one of the most important drug-resistant pathogens causing nosocomial and community-acquired infections. Although berberine (BER) has shown anti-MRSA activity, the underlying mechanism is still unclear. In this study, the damage caused by BER on the cell surface of MRSA was systematically investigated by performing BER susceptibility test, determining K+ and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) release, detecting morphological alterations using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and ascertaining lipid profiles. The results showed that the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of BER against MRSA252 was 128 μg/ml. Under the sub-MIC doses of BER, cell membrane permeability gradually increased in a dose-dependent manner, and 1 × MIC led to 43.8% higher K+ leakage and fourfold higher ALP secretion. The injuries on MRSA cell surface were further verified by SEM and TEM, and some cells displayed a doughnut-shaped structure. BER significantly altered the fatty acid species contents, including saturated fatty acids (C14:0, C15:0, C16:0, C18:0, and C20:0), and unsaturated fatty acids (C20:4, C20:1, and C18:1), indicating that BER compromised cell membrane integrity via lipid fluctuation. Thus, the findings of this study could help to unravel the molecular mechanism of BER against MRSA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiujuan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China.,Key Laboratory of Quality and Standard Research of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Gansu Province, Gansu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xiaoying Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Jiaxin Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Yue Wu
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yali Wang
- Key Laboratory of Quality and Standard Research of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Gansu Province, Gansu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xiaoqing Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China.,Key Laboratory of Quality and Standard Research of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Gansu Province, Gansu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China.,International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Xiaoyuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China.,International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Zhang C, Sheng J, Li G, Zhao L, Wang Y, Yang W, Yao X, Sun L, Zhang Z, Cui R. Effects of Berberine and Its Derivatives on Cancer: A Systems Pharmacology Review. Front Pharmacol 2020; 10:1461. [PMID: 32009943 PMCID: PMC6974675 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.01461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Numerous studies have shown that berberine and its derivatives demonstrate important anti-tumor effects. However, the specific underlying mechanism remains unclear. Therefore, based on systems pharmacology, this review summarizes the information available on the anti-tumor effects and mechanism of berberine and its derivatives. The action and potential mechanism of action of berberine and its derivatives when used in the treatment of complex cancers are systematically examined at the molecular, cellular, and organismic levels. It is concluded that, with further in-depth investigations on their toxicity and efficacy, berberine and its derivatives have the potential for use as drugs in cancer therapy, offering improved clinical efficacy and safety.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chaohe Zhang
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory on Molecular and Chemical Genetic, Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jiyao Sheng
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory on Molecular and Chemical Genetic, Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Guangquan Li
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory on Molecular and Chemical Genetic, Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Lihong Zhao
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory on Molecular and Chemical Genetic, Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yicun Wang
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory on Molecular and Chemical Genetic, Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Wei Yang
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory on Molecular and Chemical Genetic, Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Yao
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory on Molecular and Chemical Genetic, Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Lihuan Sun
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory on Molecular and Chemical Genetic, Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Zhuo Zhang
- China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Ranji Cui
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory on Molecular and Chemical Genetic, Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Elsebaei MM, Mohammad H, Samir A, Abutaleb NS, Norvil AB, Michie AR, Moustafa MM, Samy H, Gowher H, Seleem MN, Mayhoub AS. Lipophilic efficient phenylthiazoles with potent undecaprenyl pyrophosphatase inhibitory activity. Eur J Med Chem 2019; 175:49-62. [PMID: 31075608 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2019.04.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2019] [Revised: 04/23/2019] [Accepted: 04/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Antibiotic resistance remains a pressing medical challenge for which novel antibacterial agents are urgently needed. The phenylthiazole scaffold represents a promising platform to develop novel antibacterial agents for drug-resistant infections. However, enhancing the physicochemical profile of this class of compounds remains a challenging endeavor to address to successfully translate these molecules into novel antibacterial agents in the clinic. We extended our understanding of the SAR of the phenylthiazoles' lipophilic moiety by exploring its ability to accommodate a hydrophilic group or a smaller sized hetero-ring with the objective of enhancing the physicochemical properties of this class of novel antimicrobials. Overall, the 2-thienyl derivative 20 and the hydroxyl-containing derivative 31 emerged as the most promising antibacterial agents inhibiting growth of drug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus at a concentration as low as 1 μg/mL. Remarkably, compound 20 suppressed bacterial undecaprenyl pyrophosphatase (UppP), the molecular target of the phenylthiazole compounds, in a sub nano-molar concentration range (almost 20,000 times more potent than the lead compounds 1a and 1b). Compound 31 possessed the most balanced antibacterial and physicochemical profile. The compound exhibited rapid bactericidal activity against S. aureus, and successfully cleared intracellular S. aureus within infected macrophages. Furthermore, insertion of the hydroxyl group enhanced the aqueous solubility of 31 by more than 50-fold relative to the first-generation lead 1c.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed M Elsebaei
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, 11884, Egypt
| | - Haroon Mohammad
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Amgad Samir
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, 11884, Egypt
| | - Nader S Abutaleb
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Allison B Norvil
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Agriculture, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Amie R Michie
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Agriculture, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Mahmoud M Moustafa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, 31441, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hebatallah Samy
- University of Science and Technology, Biomedical Sciences Program, Zewail City of Science and Technology, October Gardens, 6th of October, Giza, 12578, Egypt
| | - Humaira Gowher
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Agriculture, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA; Purdue University Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Mohamed N Seleem
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA; Purdue Institute of Inflammation, Immunology, and Infectious Disease, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA.
| | - Abdelrahman S Mayhoub
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, 11884, Egypt; University of Science and Technology, Nanoscience Program, Zewail City of Science and Technology, October Gardens, 6th of October, Giza, 12578, Egypt.
| |
Collapse
|