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Bodnar LM, Kirkpatrick SI, Roberts JM, Kennedy EH, Naimi AI. Is the Association Between Fruits and Vegetables and Preeclampsia Due to Higher Dietary Vitamin C and Carotenoid Intakes? Am J Clin Nutr 2023; 118:459-467. [PMID: 37321543 PMCID: PMC10447882 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajcnut.2023.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diets dense in fruits and vegetables are associated with a reduced risk of preeclampsia, but pathways underlying this relationship are unclear. Dietary antioxidants may contribute to the protective effect. OBJECTIVE We determined the extent to which the effect of dietary fruit and vegetable density on preeclampsia is because of high intakes of dietary vitamin C and carotenoids. METHODS We used data from 7572 participants in the Nulliparous Pregnancy Outcomes Study: monitoring mothers-to-be (8 United States medical centers, 2010‒2013). Usual daily periconceptional intake of total fruits and total vegetables was estimated from a food frequency questionnaire. We estimated the indirect effect of ≥2.5 cups/1000 kcal of fruits and vegetables through vitamin C and carotenoid on the risk of preeclampsia. We estimated these effects using targeted maximum likelihood estimation and an ensemble of machine learning algorithms, adjusting for confounders, including other dietary components, health behaviors, and psychological, neighborhood, and sociodemographic factors. RESULTS Participants who consumed ≥2.5 cups of fruits and vegetables per 1000 kcal were less likely than those who consumed <2.5 cups/1000 kcal to develop preeclampsia (6.4% compared with 8.6%). After confounder adjustment, we observed that higher fruit and vegetable density was associated with 2 fewer cases of preeclampsia (risk difference: -2.0; 95% CI: -3.9, -0.1)/100 pregnancies compared with lower density diets. High dietary vitamin C and carotenoid intake was not associated with preeclampsia. The protective effect of high fruit and vegetable density on the risk of preeclampsia and late-onset preeclampsia was not mediated through dietary vitamin C and carotenoids. CONCLUSIONS Evaluating other nutrients and bioactives in fruits and vegetables and their synergy is worthwhile, along with characterizing the effect of individual fruits or vegetables on preeclampsia risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa M Bodnar
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States; Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, Magee-Womens Research Institute, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States.
| | - Sharon I Kirkpatrick
- School of Public Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
| | - James M Roberts
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States; Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, Magee-Womens Research Institute, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Edward H Kennedy
- Department of Statistics, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Ashley I Naimi
- Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States
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Liu Y, Ma S, Huang X, Bo Y, Fu W, Cao Y, Duan D, Dou W, Zeng F, Wang X, Gong M, Zhang X, Lyu Q, Zhao X. Dietary intake and serum concentrations of vitamin A and vitamin E and pre-eclampsia risk in Chinese pregnant women: A matched case-control study. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1049055. [PMID: 37063333 PMCID: PMC10101204 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1049055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Abstract
BackgroundMany studies have suggested that the serum concentrations of vitamin A (VA) and vitamin E (VE) influence preeclampsia (PE) risk in pregnant women. However, few studies have assessed whether dietary intake and serum concentrations of VA and VE are correlated with PE risk.MethodsA 1:1 matched case-control study was conducted to explore the association between the dietary intake and serum concentrations of VA and VE and the risk of PE in pregnant Chinese women. A total of 440 pregnant women with PE and 440 control pregnant women were included in the study. Dietary information was obtained using a 78-item semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. Serum concentrations of VA and VE were measured by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry.ResultsCompared with the lowest quartile, the multivariate-adjusted odds ratios [95% confidence interval (CI)] of the highest quartiles were 0.62 (95% CI: 0.40-0.96, P trend = 0.02) for VA, 0.51 (95% CI: 0.33–0.80, P trend =0.002) for β-carotene, and 0.70 (95% CI: 0.45–1.08, P trend = 0.029) for retinol. Additionally, for serum VA and VE concentrations, the multivariate-adjusted odds ratios (95% CI) were 2.75 (95% CI: 1.24–6.13, P trend = 0.002) and 11.97 (95% CI: 4.01–35.77, P trend < 0.001), respectively. No significant association was seen between VE intake and PE risk.ConclusionsDietary VA intake was negatively correlated with PE risk, and serum VA and VE concentrations were positively correlated with PE risk among pregnant Chinese women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhua Liu
- Department of Nutrition, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Yanhua Liu
| | - Shunping Ma
- Department of Nutrition, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xuemin Huang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yacong Bo
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Wenjun Fu
- Department of Obstetrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yuan Cao
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Dandan Duan
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Luoyang New Area People's Hospital, Luoyang, China
| | - Weifeng Dou
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Fangfang Zeng
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xinyi Wang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Meiyuan Gong
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xueyang Zhang
- Department of Nutrition, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Quanjun Lyu
- Department of Nutrition, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xianlan Zhao
- Department of Obstetrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Xianlan Zhao
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Kinshella MLW, Omar S, Scherbinsky K, Vidler M, Magee LA, von Dadelszen P, Moore SE, Elango R. Maternal nutritional risk factors for pre-eclampsia incidence: findings from a narrative scoping review. Reprod Health 2022; 19:188. [PMID: 36064716 PMCID: PMC9442926 DOI: 10.1186/s12978-022-01485-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pre-eclampsia is a leading cause of maternal mortality and morbidity that involves pregnancy-related stressors on the maternal cardiovascular and metabolic systems. As nutrition is important to support optimal development of the placenta and for the developing fetus, maternal diets may play a role in preventing pre-eclampsia. The purpose of this scoping review is to map the maternal nutritional deficiencies and imbalances associated with pre-eclampsia incidence and discuss evidence consistency and linkages with current understandings of the etiology of pre-eclampsia. METHODS A narrative scoping review was conducted to provide a descriptive account of available research, summarize research findings and identify gaps in the evidence base. Relevant observational studies and reviews of observational studies were identified in an iterative two-stage process first involving electronic database searches then more sensitive searches as familiarity with the literature increased. Results were considered in terms of their consistency of evidence, effect sizes and biological plausibility. RESULTS The review found evidence for associations between nutritional inadequacies and a greater risk of pre-eclampsia. These associations were most likely mediated through oxidative stress, inflammation, maternal endothelial dysfunction and blood pressure in the pathophysiology of pre-eclampsia. Maternal nutritional risk factors for pre-eclampsia incidence with the strongest consistency, effect and biological plausibility include vitamin C and its potential relationship with iron status, vitamin D (both on its own and combined with calcium and magnesium), and healthy dietary patterns featuring high consumption of fruits, vegetables, whole grains, fish, seafood and monounsaturated vegetable oils. Foods high in added sugar, such as sugary drinks, were associated with increased risk of pre-eclampsia incidence. CONCLUSION A growing body of literature highlights the involvement of maternal dietary factors in the development of pre-eclampsia. Our review findings support the need for further investigation into potential interactions between dietary factors and consideration of nutritional homeostasis and healthy dietary patterns. Further research is recommended to explore gestational age, potential non-linear relationships, dietary diversity and social, cultural contexts of food and meals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mai-Lei Woo Kinshella
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, BC Children's and Women's Hospital and University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Shazmeen Omar
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, BC Children's and Women's Hospital and University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Kerri Scherbinsky
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, BC Children's and Women's Hospital and University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, Rm170, BC Children's and Women's Hospital, University of British Columbia, 950 West 28th Avenue, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Marianne Vidler
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, BC Children's and Women's Hospital and University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Laura A Magee
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, BC Children's and Women's Hospital and University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
- Department of Women & Children's Health, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Peter von Dadelszen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, BC Children's and Women's Hospital and University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
- Department of Women & Children's Health, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Sophie E Moore
- Department of Women & Children's Health, King's College London, London, UK
- MRC Unit The Gambia at the London, School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Fajara, The Gambia
| | - Rajavel Elango
- Department of Pediatrics, Rm170, BC Children's and Women's Hospital, University of British Columbia, 950 West 28th Avenue, Vancouver, Canada.
- School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.
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Shi H, Jiang Y, Yuan P, Chen L, Gong X, Yang Y, Wang Y, Jiang H, Li Y, Sun M, Zhao Y, Wei Y. Association of Gestational Vitamin E Status With Pre-eclampsia: A Retrospective, Multicenter Cohort Study. Front Nutr 2022; 9:911337. [PMID: 35799589 PMCID: PMC9253635 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.911337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
IntroductionPre-eclampsia is the second leading cause of maternal mortality worldwide. The controversy for the association of vitamin E with pre-eclampsia has raged unabated for two decades. We aimed to determine the association of vitamin E level in the first trimester and the gestational change with pre-eclampsia.Materials and MethodsA retrospective cohort study was conducted among singleton pregnant women aged 15–49 years at 137 hospitals in China. Serum vitamin E concentrations in the first trimester and at pre-eclampsia assessment time were uniformly quantified in a laboratory by high performance liquid chromatography. Logistic regression models with restricted cubic splines were performed to reveal a non-linear association of vitamin E concentrations in the first trimester and the gestational change with pre-eclampsia.ResultsWe included 73 317 participants (47.8% aged 25–29 years) and 2.28% were diagnosed with pre-eclampsia. Higher risk was observed in those with lower concentration in the first trimester and greater gestational decrease, with a range from 0.81 to 80.60%. A non-linear L-shaped association was observed between vitamin E concentrations in the first trimester and pre-eclampsia, suggesting a threshold at 7.3 mg/L and a ceiling effect: the risk saw a steep rise when the concentrations in the first trimester were < 7.3 mg/L but was relatively flat beyond the inflection point. Sharply increased pre-eclampsia risk was also found in those with gestational vitamin E decrease after accounting for the baseline status in the first trimester. However, gestational vitamin E increase was associated with decreased pre-eclampsia risk when the baseline concentrations were < 7.3 mg/L but did not confer additional benefits when it was above the threshold.ConclusionWe demonstrated alarmingly high pre-eclampsia risk in women with vitamin E concentrations of < 7.3 mg/L in the first trimester and gestational vitamin E decrease. These findings underscore the need to supplement vitamin E among pregnant women with low baseline status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huifeng Shi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- National Clinical Research Centre for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beijing, China
- National Centre for Healthcare Quality Management in Obstetrics, Beijing, China
| | - Yuanhui Jiang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- National Clinical Research Centre for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beijing, China
| | - Pengbo Yuan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- National Clinical Research Centre for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beijing, China
| | - Lian Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- National Clinical Research Centre for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beijing, China
- National Centre for Healthcare Quality Management in Obstetrics, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoli Gong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- National Clinical Research Centre for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beijing, China
| | - Yike Yang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- National Clinical Research Centre for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beijing, China
| | - Yuanyuan Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- National Clinical Research Centre for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beijing, China
| | - Hai Jiang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- National Clinical Research Centre for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beijing, China
| | - You Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- National Clinical Research Centre for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beijing, China
| | - Mengxing Sun
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- National Clinical Research Centre for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beijing, China
| | - Yangyu Zhao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- National Clinical Research Centre for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beijing, China
- National Centre for Healthcare Quality Management in Obstetrics, Beijing, China
- Yangyu Zhao,
| | - Yuan Wei
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- National Clinical Research Centre for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beijing, China
- National Centre for Healthcare Quality Management in Obstetrics, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Yuan Wei,
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Selzer EB, Blain D, Hufnagel RB, Lupo PJ, Mitchell LE, Brooks BP. Review of Evidence for Environmental Causes of Uveal Coloboma. Surv Ophthalmol 2021; 67:1031-1047. [PMID: 34979194 DOI: 10.1016/j.survophthal.2021.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Revised: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Uveal coloboma is a condition defined by missing ocular tissues and is a significant cause of childhood blindness. It occurs from a failure of the optic fissure to close during embryonic development,and may lead to missing parts of the iris, ciliary body, retina, choroid, and optic nerve. Because there is no treatment for coloboma, efforts have focused on prevention. While several genetic causes of coloboma have been identified, little definitive research exists regarding the environmental causes of this condition. We review the current literature on environmental factors associated with coloboma in an effort to guide future research and preventative counseling related to this condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evan B Selzer
- Ophthalmic Genetics & Visual Function Branch, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Delphine Blain
- Ophthalmic Genetics & Visual Function Branch, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Robert B Hufnagel
- Ophthalmic Genetics & Visual Function Branch, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Philip J Lupo
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Hematology-Oncology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
| | - Laura E Mitchell
- Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, UTHealth School of Public Health, Houston, TX
| | - Brian P Brooks
- Ophthalmic Genetics & Visual Function Branch, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD.
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Chen H, Qian N, Yan L, Jiang H. Role of serum vitamin A and E in pregnancy. Exp Ther Med 2018; 16:5185-5189. [PMID: 30542475 PMCID: PMC6257734 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2018.6830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2018] [Accepted: 09/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Serum levels of vitamin A and E in early, middle and late pregnancy were analyzed to evaluate vitamin nutritional status in pregnancy, and provide guidance for pregnant women about vitamin supplements in pregnancy. In total, 28,023 serum samples were randomly selected from pregnant women in early, middle and late pregnancy between January 2013 and June 2014 in Beijing. High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method was used to determine the concentration of serum vitamin A and E in pregnancy. The concentration of serum vitamin A in early, middle and late pregnancy was 0.33±0.08, 0.37±0.09 and 0.33±0.15 mg/l, respectively, total abnormal rate was 25.31%, and deficiency (24.98%) was the main feature. The rate of deficiency in the early pregnancy (38.22%) was greater than that in late pregnancy (35.13%). The serum vitamin E in early, middle and late pregnancy was 9.10±2.47, 14.24±3.66 and 15.80±5.01 mg/l, respectively, total abnormal rate was 5.60%, and excess (5.37%) was the main feature. The excess rate in early pregnancy was at the lowest level (0.50%), and reached the highest level (15.32%) in late pregnancy. The serum levels of vitamin A and E are different during pregnancy. Generally, vitamin A is deficient and vitamin E is in excess. Therefore, monitoring the vitamin A and E levels, and strengthening perinatal education and providing guidance for pregnant women to supply vitamins rationally play important role in guaranteeing maternal and fetal safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Chen
- Haidian Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Beijing 100080, P.R. China
| | - Nianfeng Qian
- Haidian Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Beijing 100080, P.R. China
| | - Liyu Yan
- Haidian Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Beijing 100080, P.R. China
| | - Hongqing Jiang
- Haidian Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Beijing 100080, P.R. China
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7
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Coathup V, Northstone K, Izadi H, Wheeler S, Smith L. Do Maternal Dietary Antioxidants Modify the Relationship Between Binge Drinking and Small for Gestational Age? Findings from a Longitudinal Cohort Study. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2018; 42:2196-2204. [PMID: 30091471 DOI: 10.1111/acer.13864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2018] [Accepted: 08/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vitamin C, vitamin E, and carotenoids are potent dietary antioxidants that have been shown to attenuate ethanol-induced harm in animal models of fetal alcohol spectrum disorders. A diet low in antioxidant-rich foods may induce a state of oxidative stress in the context of maternal alcohol consumption during pregnancy, potentially causing growth restriction in the developing fetus. METHODS We conducted a secondary analysis of a longitudinal U.K. birth cohort. The sample comprised 9,699 women and their babies in Avon, U.K., with an estimated delivery date between April 1, 1991 and December 31, 1992. Alcohol consumption data were self-reported at 18 weeks' gestation via a postal questionnaire. Women reported any binge drinking (≥4 U.K. units/occasion) during the past month. Dietary data were self-reported at 32 weeks' gestation using a food frequency questionnaire. Estimated intakes of vitamins C and E and carotenoids were categorized into quartiles. Logistic regression models with interaction terms were used to investigate relationships between maternal binge drinking, dietary antioxidants, and fetal growth. Models were adjusted for maternal sociodemographic and lifestyle characteristics. Small for gestational age (SGA; <10th percentile) was defined using customized birth centiles. RESULTS In the unadjusted models, binge drinking was associated with higher risk of SGA birth (odds ratio [OR] 1.38, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.10, 1.72, p = 0.005), and higher maternal intakes of vitamin C (OR = 0.90, 95% CI 0.84, 0.96, p = 0.002) and vitamin E (OR = 0.90, 95% CI 0.84, 0.95, p < 0.0001) were associated with lower risk of SGA birth. However, addition of potentially confounding variables attenuated these relationships. Likelihood ratio tests indicated that interaction terms were not significant for vitamin C (p = 0.116), vitamin E (p = 0.059), or carotenoid intakes (p = 0.174). CONCLUSIONS There was no evidence of maternal intake of dietary antioxidants modifying the relationship between maternal binge drinking and SGA birth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria Coathup
- Faculty of Health and Life Sciences , Oxford Brookes University, Oxford, United Kingdom.,National Perinatal Epidemiology Unit (NPEU) , University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Kate Northstone
- Population Health Sciences , Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Hooshang Izadi
- School of Engineering, Computing and Mathematics , Oxford Brookes University, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Simon Wheeler
- Faculty of Health and Life Sciences , Oxford Brookes University, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Lesley Smith
- Faculty of Health and Life Sciences , Oxford Brookes University, Oxford, United Kingdom
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8
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Sheikhi M, Rezaei E, Hosseini SH, Shahrakipoor M, Sheikhi M, Soltani S. Nutritional Status in Preeclamptic Women: a Case-Control Study in South East of Iran. NUTRITION AND FOOD SCIENCES RESEARCH 2018. [DOI: 10.29252/nfsr.5.1.15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
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9
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White SW, Eastwood PR, Straker LM, Adams LA, Newnham JP, Lye SJ, Pennell CE. The Raine study had no evidence of significant perinatal selection bias after two decades of follow up: a longitudinal pregnancy cohort study. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2017; 17:207. [PMID: 28662683 PMCID: PMC5492127 DOI: 10.1186/s12884-017-1391-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2015] [Accepted: 06/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cohort studies may increase or decrease their selection bias as they progress through time. The Western Australian Pregnancy Cohort (Raine) Study has followed 2868 children for over two decades; from fetal into adult life. This paper analyses the cohort over time, assessing potential bias that may come and go with recruitment, retention and loss of participants. METHODS Linked data from all births in Western Australian over the 3 years the Raine Cohort was recruited were obtained to compare perinatal characteristics and subsequent health outcomes between the Western Australian (WA) contemporaneous birth population and the Raine Cohort at five time points. Perinatal exposure-outcome comparisons were employed to assess bias due to non-participation in Raine Study subsets. RESULTS There were demographic differences between the Raine Study cohort and its source population at recruitment with further changes across the period of follow up. Despite these differences, the pregnancy and infant data of those with continuing participation were not significantly different to the WA contemporaneous birth population. None of the exposure-outcome associations were significantly different to those in the WA general population at recruitment or at any cohort reviews suggesting no substantial recruitment or attrition bias. CONCLUSIONS The Raine Study is valuable for association studies, even after 20 years of cohort reviews with increasing non-participation of cohort members. Non-participation has resulted in greater attrition of socially disadvantaged participants, however, exposure-outcome association analyses suggest that there is no apparent resulting selection bias.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott W White
- School of Women's and Infants' Health, The University of Western Australia at King Edward Memorial Hospital, 374 Bagot Road, Subiaco, WA, 6008, Australia. .,Women and Infants Research Foundation, King Edward Memorial Hospital, 374 Bagot Road, Subiaco, WA, 6008, Australia. .,Maternal Fetal Medicine Service, King Edward Memorial Hospital, 374 Bagot Road, Subiaco, WA, 6008, Australia.
| | - Peter R Eastwood
- Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Hospital Avenue, Nedlands, WA, 6009, Australia.,School of Medicine and Pharmacology, The University of Western Australia at Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Hospital Avenue, Nedlands, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Leon M Straker
- School of Physiotherapy and Exercise Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Kent Street, Bentley, WA, 6102, Australia
| | - Leon A Adams
- Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Hospital Avenue, Nedlands, WA, 6009, Australia.,School of Medicine and Pharmacology, The University of Western Australia at Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Hospital Avenue, Nedlands, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - John P Newnham
- School of Women's and Infants' Health, The University of Western Australia at King Edward Memorial Hospital, 374 Bagot Road, Subiaco, WA, 6008, Australia.,Women and Infants Research Foundation, King Edward Memorial Hospital, 374 Bagot Road, Subiaco, WA, 6008, Australia.,Maternal Fetal Medicine Service, King Edward Memorial Hospital, 374 Bagot Road, Subiaco, WA, 6008, Australia
| | - Stephen J Lye
- The Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute Mount Sinai Hospital Joseph and Wolf Lebovic Health Complex 600 University Avenue, Toronto, ON, M5G 1X5, Canada
| | - Craig E Pennell
- School of Women's and Infants' Health, The University of Western Australia at King Edward Memorial Hospital, 374 Bagot Road, Subiaco, WA, 6008, Australia.,Women and Infants Research Foundation, King Edward Memorial Hospital, 374 Bagot Road, Subiaco, WA, 6008, Australia.,Maternal Fetal Medicine Service, King Edward Memorial Hospital, 374 Bagot Road, Subiaco, WA, 6008, Australia
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10
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Sheikhi M, Sharifi-Zahabi E, Paknahad Z. Dietary Antioxidant Capacity and Its Association with Preeclampsia. Clin Nutr Res 2017; 6:47-54. [PMID: 28168181 PMCID: PMC5288552 DOI: 10.7762/cnr.2017.6.1.47] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2016] [Revised: 01/03/2017] [Accepted: 01/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Preeclampsia (PE) is one of the major disorders in pregnancy leading to many adverse maternal outcomes. Although the etiology of PE is not fully understood, resent studies suggest that an imbalance between free radicals production and the antioxidant defense system might have key role. Our aim of the current study was to evaluate the association between dietary total antioxidant capacity (TAC), serum TAC and risk of PE in women with preeclampsia and normal pregnancy. This case-control study conducted on 55 women with preeclampsia and 93 with normal pregnancy. Dietary intakes were obtained by a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) with 168 itmes. Dietary TAC was assessed according to United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) Database for oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC), Release 2. Serum TAC was measured by a double-antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunesorbent assay (ELISA). After adjusting for energy, pre-pregnant body mass index (BMI) and history of PE, no relationship was found between intake of hydrophilic-ORAC (H-ORAC), lipophilic-ORAC (L-ORAC), total phenolics (TP), total-ORAC (T-ORAC), and PE risk. However, serum TAC had a significant positive relationship with the risk of PE after adjusting for energy (odds ratio [OR], 0.07; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.16-0.35), BMI and history of PE (OR, 0.04; 95% CI, 0.01-0.32). Findings of this study indicate that serum TAC is positively associated with the risk of PE but no association was found between intake of antioxidant indices and PE risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahdiyeh Sheikhi
- Department of Food and Nutrition Policy, Health Deputy, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan 98167-43175, Iran
| | - Elham Sharifi-Zahabi
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan 81746-73461, Iran
| | - Zamzam Paknahad
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan 81746-73461, Iran
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Vitamin E intake, serum tocopherols and blood pressure in UK adolescents. Proc Nutr Soc 2016. [DOI: 10.1017/s0029665116001270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Sheykhi M, Paknahad Z, Hasanzadeh A. Dietary nutrient intake and antioxidant status in preeclamptic women. Adv Biomed Res 2015; 4:183. [PMID: 26605222 PMCID: PMC4617157 DOI: 10.4103/2277-9175.164003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2014] [Accepted: 09/13/2014] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Preeclampsia (PE) is the most common cause of maternal death in the world. Some studies showed that inadequate intake of foods rich in antioxidant leads to increase oxidative stress and adverting obstetrical outcomes. The aim of the present study was to investigate the relationship between antioxidant status and dietary nutrient intake in pregnant women with PE. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted among 55 pregnant women with PE admitted in the Obstetrics and Gynecology department of Shahid Beheshti Hospital in Isfahan, Iran. The subjects were interviewed about demographic data and dietary intakes by using a 168-items semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). The total antioxidant capacity (TAC) of this serum was measured by using a double-antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immune-sorbent assay (ELISA). Nonparametric correlation statistics were used to meet assumptions of normality and equal variances. Results: Total antioxidant status was significantly higher in comparison with healthy pregnant women (which measured as pilot). Intake of vitamin E was below the dietary reference intakes, and was positively associated with serum TAC (r = 0.367, P = 0.003), but this correlation was significantly negative about dietary selenium. There wasn’t any significant correlation between intake of vitamin C, β-carotene, riboflavin, copper and serum TAC. Conclusion: Our findings showed that intake of vitamin E was positively associated with serum TAC. Little support was found on a relationship between dietary intakes of other micronutrients and serum TAC. Further research is required to explore the relationships between maternal nutrient intake and antioxidant status in women with PE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahdiye Sheykhi
- Food Security Research Center, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Zamzam Paknahad
- Food Security Research Center, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran ; Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Akbar Hasanzadeh
- Food Security Research Center, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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Schoenaker DAJM, Soedamah-Muthu SS, Mishra GD. The association between dietary factors and gestational hypertension and pre-eclampsia: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies. BMC Med 2014; 12:157. [PMID: 25241701 PMCID: PMC4192458 DOI: 10.1186/s12916-014-0157-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2014] [Accepted: 08/19/2014] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dietary factors have been suggested to play a role in the prevention of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP), including gestational hypertension and pre-eclampsia, but inconsistent findings have been reported. A systematic review and meta-analyses were performed to synthesize evidence from observational studies of reproductive-aged women on the association between dietary factors and HDP. METHODS MEDLINE and EMBASE were searched to identify studies published until the end of May 2014. Studies were included if they were observational studies of reproductive-age women and reported results on dietary factors (energy, nutrients, foods or overall dietary patterns, alone or in combination with dietary supplements) and gestational hypertension and/or pre-eclampsia. Studies were excluded if they reported on supplements not in combination with dietary intake, or examined a biomarker of dietary intake. Random effects meta-analyses were performed on calculated weighted mean differences (WMD) of dietary intake between cases and non-cases, and effect estimates were pooled. RESULTS In total, 23 cohort and 15 case-control studies were identified for systematic review, of which 16 could be included in the meta-analyses. Based on meta-analyses of cohort studies, unadjusted energy intake was higher for pre-eclampsia cases (WMD 46 kcal/day, 95% confidence interval (CI) -13.80 to 106.23; I 2 = 23.9%, P = 0.26), although this was not statistically significant. Unadjusted intakes of magnesium (WMD 8 mg/day, 95% CI -13.99 to -1.38; I 2 = 0.0%, P = 0.41) and calcium (WMD 44 mg/day, 95% CI -84.31 to -3.62, I 2 = 51.1%, P = 0.03) were lower for the HDP cases, compared with pregnant women without HDP. Higher calcium intake consistently showed lower odds for HDP after adjustment for confounding factors (OR = 0.76, 95% CI 0.57 to 1.01, I 2 = 0.0%, P = 0.79). A few studies examining foods and dietary patterns suggested a beneficial effect of a diet rich in fruit and vegetables on pre-eclampsia, although not all the results were statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS Based on a limited number of studies, higher total energy and lower magnesium and calcium intake measured during pregnancy were identified as related to HDP. Further prospective studies are required to provide an evidence base for development of preventive health strategies, particularly focusing on dietary factors during pre-pregnancy and early pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Gita D Mishra
- />School of Population Health, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland Australia
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Moreli JB, Santos JH, Rocha CR, Damasceno DC, Morceli G, Rudge MV, Bevilacqua E, Calderon IMP. DNA damage and its cellular response in mother and fetus exposed to hyperglycemic environment. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 2014:676758. [PMID: 25197655 PMCID: PMC4147359 DOI: 10.1155/2014/676758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2014] [Revised: 07/16/2014] [Accepted: 07/16/2014] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
The increased production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) plays a key role in pathogenesis of diabetic complications. ROS are generated by exogenous and endogenous factors such as during hyperglycemia. When ROS production exceeds the detoxification and scavenging capacity of the cell, oxidative stress ensues. Oxidative stress induces DNA damage and when DNA damage exceeds the cellular capacity to repair it, the accumulation of errors can overwhelm the cell resulting in cell death or fixation of genome mutations that can be transmitted to future cell generations. These mutations can lead to and/or play a role in cancer development. This review aims at (i) understanding the types and consequences of DNA damage during hyperglycemic pregnancy; (ii) identifying the biological role of DNA repair during pregnancy, and (iii) proposing clinical interventions to maintain genome integrity. While hyperglycemia can damage the maternal genetic material, the impact of hyperglycemia on fetal cells is still unclear. DNA repair mechanisms may be important to prevent the deleterious effects of hyperglycemia both in mother and in fetus DNA and, as such, prevent the development of diseases in adulthood. Hence, in clinical practice, maternal glycemic control may represent an important point of intervention to prevent the deleterious effects of maternal hyperglycemia to DNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jusciele Brogin Moreli
- Graduate Program in Gynecology, Obstetrics and Mastology, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University (UNESP), SP, Brazil
| | - Janine Hertzog Santos
- Laboratory of Molecular Carcinogenesis, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), NC, USA
| | - Clarissa Ribeiro Rocha
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo (USP), SP, Brazil
| | - Débora Cristina Damasceno
- Graduate Program in Gynecology, Obstetrics and Mastology, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University (UNESP), SP, Brazil
| | - Glilciane Morceli
- Graduate Program in Gynecology, Obstetrics and Mastology, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University (UNESP), SP, Brazil
| | - Marilza Vieira Rudge
- Graduate Program in Gynecology, Obstetrics and Mastology, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University (UNESP), SP, Brazil
| | - Estela Bevilacqua
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, USP, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Iracema Mattos Paranhos Calderon
- Graduate Program in Gynecology, Obstetrics and Mastology, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University (UNESP), SP, Brazil
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Distrito de Rubião Jr. s/n, 18618-000 Botucatu, SP, Brazil
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Elsen C, Rivas-Echeverría C, Sahland K, Sánchez R, Molma L, Pahl L, Wallinger R, Volz J, Wacker J, Frühauf J. Vitamins E, A and B 2 as Possible Risk Factors for Preeclampsia - under Consideration of the PROPER Study ("Prevention of Preeclampsia by High-Dose Riboflavin Supplementation"). Geburtshilfe Frauenheilkd 2012; 72:846-852. [PMID: 25308984 PMCID: PMC4168367 DOI: 10.1055/s-0032-1315365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2012] [Revised: 08/12/2012] [Accepted: 08/16/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
Abstract
In the course of the prospective, randomized, double-blind trial the influence of a high-dose riboflavin substitution on the risk for preeclampsia was studied in a high-risk collective 1. The present contribution evaluates supplementary data from the already published PROPER trial. The patients were from the two study centers Mérida, Venezuela, and Moshi, Tanzania, they were randomized from the 20th week of pregnancy and received either 15 mg riboflavin daily or placebo. Clinical and laboratory checks were carried out at four-week intervals up to childbirth. Concerning the question of whether there is a relationship between the serum levels of antioxidative vitamins and the risk of developing preeclampsia, it was found that no relationship could be detected between the measured laboratory values of vitamins E, A and B2 and the total risk of developing a hypertensive disease of pregnancy. On comparisons between patients with severe preeclampsia, those with a mild form, and the general healthy population, however, significant differences in the levels of antioxidative vitamins E and A as well as the FAD level were seen. The patients from Tanzania showed on the whole significantly lower vitamin levels than those from Venezuela, possibly due to the better nutritional situation in Venezuela. Considering the results altogether, the role of antioxidative parameters in the pathophysiology of preeclampsia remains unclear. However, the collected data provide valuable hints for future preventative strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- C. Elsen
- Frauenklinik, St. Josefs-Hospital Wiesbaden, Wiesbaden
| | | | - K. Sahland
- Programa de Prevención de Preeclampsia (PPP), Mérida, Venezuela
| | - R. Sánchez
- Programa de Prevención de Preeclampsia (PPP), Mérida, Venezuela
| | - L. Molma
- Programa de Prevención de Preeclampsia (PPP), Mérida, Venezuela
| | - L. Pahl
- Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Center (KCMC), Moshi, United Republic of Tanzania
| | - R. Wallinger
- Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Center (KCMC), Moshi, United Republic of Tanzania
| | - J. Volz
- Frauenklinik, Klinikum Bielefeld, Bielefeld
| | - J. Wacker
- Frauenklinik, Fürst-Stirum-Klinik Bruchsal, Bruchsal
| | - J. Frühauf
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
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Moran LJ, Sui Z, Cramp CS, Dodd JM. A decrease in diet quality occurs during pregnancy in overweight and obese women which is maintained post-partum. Int J Obes (Lond) 2012; 37:704-11. [PMID: 22868828 DOI: 10.1038/ijo.2012.129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ensuring adequate dietary intake during pregnancy has important implications for optimising maternal and fetal health. It is not known whether diet quality is altered over pregnancy and the post-partum period. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to perform a comprehensive assessment of diet quality in overweight and obese women during pregnancy and early post-partum. DESIGN In a prospective cohort study, n=301 overweight or obese pregnant women completed a food frequency questionnaire at study entry (10-20 weeks gestation), 28 weeks gestation, 36 weeks gestation and 4 months post-partum for assessment of macronutrient and micronutrient intake and diet quality by the Healthy Eating Index (HEI). RESULTS Energy, macronutrient and dietary sources of micronutrients did not alter across pregnancy or post-partum. The HEI was of below average quality in 31.0% of women at baseline. This decreased from week 28 (P<0.001) and was maintained at a lower level post-partum such that HEI levels were lower compared with study entry (53.3±12.7 versus 56.7±10.1, P<0.001). The HEI decrease occurred in association with decreases in the milk, meat and unsaturated oil components, and increases in the proportion of energy from solid fats, alcohol and added sugars (P<0.001), and was independently predicted by the socioeconomic index for areas score (β=-0.011, s.e.=0.011, P=0.031). CONCLUSION We report for the first time that dietary quality decreases across pregnancy and is maintained at this reduced level in the early post-partum period in overweight and obese women. Dietary interventions aimed at improving diet quality should be targeted to early pregnancy and post-partum.
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Affiliation(s)
- L J Moran
- The Robinson Institute, Discipline of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, The University of Adelaide, North Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.
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Malta MB, Carvalhaes MADBL, Parada CMGL, Corrente JE. Utilização das recomendações de nutrientes para estimar prevalência de consumo insuficiente das vitaminas C e E em gestantes. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE EPIDEMIOLOGIA 2008. [DOI: 10.1590/s1415-790x2008000400006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Na gestação ocorrem adaptações que conduzem a um aumento da taxa metabólica basal, caracterizando um estado de alto nível de estresse oxidativo, tornando relevante a avaliação do consumo de nutrientes antioxidantes por mulheres grávidas. Este estudo teve como objetivo estimar a prevalência de consumo insuficiente das vitaminas C e E em gestantes assistidas em serviços públicos de saúde. Estudou-se amostra (n=107) representativa das mulheres no segundo trimestre gestacional atendidas durante o pré-natal nas unidades de atenção básica do município de Botucatu/SP. O consumo foi investigado mediante dois inquéritos recordatórios de 24 horas. Para estimar a prevalência de inadequação de consumo na população, foi utilizado o método EAR como ponto de corte. Diferenças de consumo (em tercis) em relação a fatores socioeconômicos, obstétricos e hábitos de vida foram pesquisadas mediante análise estratificada, adotando-se p<0.05 como nível de significância. As prevalências estimadas de consumo insuficiente das vitaminas C e E foram 60% e 91,5%, respectivamente. Houve associação inversa entre o consumo de vitamina E com paridade e o consumo de vitamina C foi menor nas adolescentes em relação às adultas. Estes resultados indicam a necessidade de intervenções individuais e coletivas de promoção e apoio ao consumo de alimentação saudável por mulheres em idade fértil. Conclui-se que a prevalência de inadequação do consumo das vitaminas C e E é elevada e sem contrastes socioeconômicos.
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate and report the diet quality of young Australian women by pregnancy status. DESIGN Pregnancy status was defined as pregnant (n 606), trying to conceive (n 454), had a baby in the last 12 months (n 829) and other (n 5597). The Dietary Questionnaire for Epidemiological Studies was used to calculate diet quality using the Australian Recommended Food Score (ARFS) methodology. Nutrient intakes were compared with the Nutrient Reference Values for Australia and New Zealand. SETTING A population-based cohort participating in the Australian Longitudinal Study on Women's Health (ALSWH). SUBJECTS A nationally representative sample of Australian women, aged 25 to 30 years, who completed Survey 3 of the ALSWH. The 7486 women with biologically plausible energy intake estimates, defined as >4.5 but <20.0 MJ/d, were included in the analyses. RESULTS Pregnancy status was not significantly predictive of diet quality, before or after adjusting for area of residence and socio-economic status. Pregnant women and those who had given birth in the previous 12 months had marginally higher ARFS (mean (se): 30.2 (0.4) and 30.2 (0.3), respectively) than 'other' women (29.1 (0.1)). No single food group accounted for this small difference. Across all pregnancy categories there were important nutrients that did not meet the current nationally recommended levels of intake, including dietary folate and fibre. CONCLUSION Women do not appear to consume a wider variety of nutritious foods when planning to become pregnant or during pregnancy. Many young Australian women are failing to meet key nutrient targets as nationally recommended.
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Denguezli W, Faleh R, Hajjaji A, Saidani Z, Letaief M, Haddad A, Laajili H, Sakouhi M. [Maternal nutrition as a determinant of fetal weight: role of trace elements and vitamins]. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007; 36:473-8. [PMID: 17446009 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgyn.2007.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2006] [Revised: 11/30/2006] [Accepted: 03/10/2007] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate maternal trace elements and vitamins food intake in the last month of pregnancy and assess their effect on fetal weight. MATERIAL AND METHODS It is a food intake survey led near 350 pregnant women. All women participated in a nutritional survey and were at term. To examine dietary intakes, food frequency questionnaires were completed before delivery on the diet during the last 24 hours. Authors compared the maternal intakes to the recommended allowance and analyzed the correlation between these intakes and fetal weight. RESULTS This study confirmed the influence of factors such as parity, maternal BMI and term of pregnancy on the fetal weight. The mean daily intakes of iron (10.7 mg/day), calcium (553 mg/day), zinc (6.2 mg/day), magnesium (284.3 mg/day) were lower than recommended. The mean daily intakes of vitamins C and E did not differ from recommended allowance. Only calcium intakes were significantly correlated to birth weight. CONCLUSION We noted a deficiency of most of these intakes compared to the recommended dietary allowance. Trace elements and vitamins C, E maternal-food intakes in the end of pregnancy don't seem to be a significant determinant of foetal weight.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Denguezli
- Service de gynécologie obstétrique, CHU Fattouma-Bourguiba, Monastir, Tunisia.
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Piirainen T, Isolauri E, Lagström H, Laitinen K. Impact of dietary counselling on nutrient intake during pregnancy: a prospective cohort study. Br J Nutr 2007; 96:1095-104. [PMID: 17181885 DOI: 10.1017/bjn20061952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to assess the impact of dietary counselling combined with the provision of food products on food and nutrient intake in pregnant women. We carried out a prospective cohort study of healthy and atopic pregnant women (n 209), who were randomized into dietary intervention and control groups. The intervention group received dietary counselling and food products to modify the fat composition of their diet to meet current recommendations. Three-day food records were collected during each trimester of pregnancy. Women in the intervention group consumed more vegetables, fruits, soft margarines and vegetable oils and less butter than those in the control group during the course of pregnancy (P < 0·05). The main distinction between the groups in nutrient intake over the pregnancy was attributable to a higher energy intake (% energy) of PUFA by 0·5 %energy (95 % CI 0·1, 0·8) and to a lower intake of SFA by 0·8 % energy (95 % CI − 1·4, − 0·4) in the intervention group. Dietary intake of vitamin E was 1·4 mg (95 % CI 0·6, 2·2), folate 20·9 μg (95 % CI 0·8, 41·0) and ascorbic acid 19·8 mg (95 % CI 3·5, 36·0) higher in the intervention group compared to the controls, while no differences in other nutrients were detected. Dietary counselling combined with the provision of food products during pregnancy is of importance in modifying food and nutrient intake, with potential health benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Piirainen
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.
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Gupta S, Agarwal A, Sharma RK. The role of placental oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation in preeclampsia. Obstet Gynecol Surv 2006; 60:807-16. [PMID: 16359563 DOI: 10.1097/01.ogx.0000193879.79268.59] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Preeclampsia is a complex multisystem disorder exclusively seen in human species that is characterized by hypertension and proteinuria. This disorder has the highest maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality of all pregnancy-related complications. Growing evidence suggests that placental oxidative stress is involved in the etiopathogenesis of preeclampsia. Reduced perfusion as a result of abnormal placentation leads to ischemia reperfusion injury to the placenta. Placental oxidative stress, which results from the ischemia reperfusion injury, is being increasingly reported to be involved in the etiopathogenesis of preeclampsia. It has been proposed as a promoter of lipid peroxidation and the endothelial cell dysfunction that is commonly seen in this condition. Although preeclampsia is characterized by increased lipid peroxidation and diminished antioxidant capacity, there is no consensus regarding causality of lipid peroxidation in preeclampsia. In this article, we address the question of the biologic association of lipid peroxidation and preeclampsia. Lipid peroxidation and leukocyte activation may play a pivotal role in endothelial cell dysfunction. We also review the different factors that have been proposed to cause endothelial cell dysfunction in preeclampsia, trials investigating the role of antioxidant supplementation in preeclampsia, and the lack of consensus among the trials. Additional longitudinal studies are necessary to determine if the various oxidative stress biomarkers estimated early in pregnancy can be narrowed to a single marker for predicting preeclampsia. TARGET AUDIENCE Obstetricians & Gynecologists, Family Physicians. LEARNING OBJECTIVES After completion of this article, the reader should be able to recall that placental oxidative stress is involved in the etiopathogenesis of preeclampsia, state that placental oxidative stress results from ischemic reperfusion injury, and explain that ischemic reperfusion injury is a promoter of lipid peroxidation and endothelial cell dysfunction seen in preeclampsia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sajal Gupta
- Center for Advanced Research in Human Reproduction, Infertility, and Sexual Function, Glickman Urological Institute and the Department of Obstetrics-Gynecology, The Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio 44195, USA
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Current World Literature. Curr Opin Obstet Gynecol 2005. [DOI: 10.1097/01.gco.0000194327.87451.dd] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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