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Kawaguchi Y, Shiratori T, Okamoto K, Kataoka Y, Ohshio Y, Hanaoka J. Bronchus-First Video-Assisted Left Lower Lobectomy for Metastatic Mucinous Carcinoma of the Lung. Indian J Surg 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s12262-023-03688-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
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Chang K, Jiang L, Sun Y, Li H. Effect of E-cadherin on Prognosis of Colorectal Cancer: A Meta-Analysis Update. Mol Diagn Ther 2022; 26:397-409. [PMID: 35732878 DOI: 10.1007/s40291-022-00593-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The effect of E-cadherin on colorectal cancer is still controversial. In order to clarify the effect of E-cadherin on the prognosis and clinicopathological features of colorectal cancer, a meta-analysis was conducted. METHODS PubMed, Embase and Cochrane Library were used to collect all relevant literature published before November 2021, and the corresponding data was extracted to analyze the correlation between the expression of E-cadherin and the prognosis and clinicopathological features of colorectal cancer. In addition, the Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis (GEPIA) was used to validate our results. RESULTS Fifty-two studies, including 9591 patients, were included in this meta-analysis. According to the meta-analysis, low expression of E-cadherin was significantly associated with shorter overall survival (OS) (hazard ratio [HR] 2.09, 95% confidence interval [CI]1.67-2.62; Z = 6.42, p = 0.000) and disease-free survival (DFS) (HR 2.03, 95% CI 1.71-2.42; Z = 7.95, p = 0.000). In addition, low expression of E-cadherin resulted in higher risk of low differentiation (odds ratio [OR] 0.35, 95% CI 0.25-0.50; p = 0.000), high risk of distant metastasis (OR 0.45, 95% CI 0.35-0.58; p = 0.000), high risk of vascular invasion (OR 0.61, 95% CI 0.45-0.83; p = 0.002), higher risk of lymph node metastasis (OR 0.54, 95% CI 0.42-0.69; p = 0.000), high risk of lymphatic invasion (OR 0.56, 95% CI 0.40-0.80; p = 0.001), high risk of deep infiltration (OR 0.63, 95% CI 0.50-0.80; p = 0.000), later TNM stage (OR 0.60, 95% CI 0.46-0.78; p = 0.000) and late Dukes' stage (OR 0.35,95% CI 0.25-0.49; p = 0.000), but wasn't associated with tumor size (OR 0.90, 95% CI 0.71-1.15; p = 0.406).The results of GEPIA showed that E-cadherin mRNA expression in colorectal cancer tumor tissues and normal tissues had no difference, and had no effect on OS and DFS. CONCLUSION Although not supported by GEPIA, our meta-analysis provided abundant data to suggest that low expression of E-cadherin is associated with poor prognosis in colorectal cancer patients and is an important factor influencing adverse clinicopathological features. Therefore, E-cadherin may be used to predict the prognosis of colorectal cancer and provide guidance for clinical treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaibin Chang
- Department of Stomach and Intestine, Yantai Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University, 717 Jinbu Street, Yantai, 264100, Shandong Province, China
| | - Lei Jiang
- Department of Stomach and Intestine, Yantai Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University, 717 Jinbu Street, Yantai, 264100, Shandong Province, China
| | - Yifeng Sun
- Department of Stomach and Intestine, Yantai Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University, 717 Jinbu Street, Yantai, 264100, Shandong Province, China
| | - He Li
- Department of Stomach and Intestine, Yantai Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University, 717 Jinbu Street, Yantai, 264100, Shandong Province, China.
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Kawaguchi Y, Hanaoka J, Ohshio Y, Okamoto K, Kaku R, Hayashi K, Shiratori T, Akazawa A, Ishida M. Locoregional recurrence via mucus-mediated extension following lung resection for mucinous tumors. BMC Cancer 2021; 21:470. [PMID: 33906634 PMCID: PMC8080361 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-021-08231-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Clinically, locoregional recurrences following mucinous tumor resection are often experienced. However, it remains unclear whether mucinous tumors directly affect local recurrence or not, and if so, the mechanism is not known. Therefore, we investigated whether mucinous tumors are associated with locoregional recurrence after pulmonary resection and whether mucus extension is a risk factor for locoregional recurrence. METHODS The data of 152 patients who underwent pulmonary resection for metastases were reviewed. When mucus was partially or wholly present in the tumor based on macro- or microscopic identification, we assigned the tumor as mucinous. In mucinous tumors, when mucus was identified within the air spaces in the normal lung parenchyma, beyond the edge of the tumor, we assigned the tumor as positive for "mucus extension." RESULTS The 5-year cumulative incidence of locoregional recurrence in patients with mucinous tumors was 48.1%, which was significantly higher than that observed in those with non-mucinous tumors (14.9%). Within the mucinous tumor, the presence of mucus extension beyond the tumor edge was an independent risk factor for locoregional recurrence after pulmonary resection (hazard ratio, 5.52; P = 0.019). CONCLUSIONS During the resection of mucinous cancer, surgeons should maintain sufficient distance from the tumor edge to prevent locoregional recurrences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yo Kawaguchi
- Division of General Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Shiga University of Medical Science, Tsukinowacho, Seta, Otsu, Shiga, 520-2192, Japan. .,Division of General Thoracic Surgery, Kusatsu General Hospital, Kusatsu, Shiga, Japan.
| | - Jun Hanaoka
- Division of General Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Shiga University of Medical Science, Tsukinowacho, Seta, Otsu, Shiga, 520-2192, Japan
| | - Yasuhiko Ohshio
- Division of General Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Shiga University of Medical Science, Tsukinowacho, Seta, Otsu, Shiga, 520-2192, Japan
| | - Keigo Okamoto
- Division of General Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Shiga University of Medical Science, Tsukinowacho, Seta, Otsu, Shiga, 520-2192, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Kaku
- Division of General Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Shiga University of Medical Science, Tsukinowacho, Seta, Otsu, Shiga, 520-2192, Japan
| | - Kazuki Hayashi
- Division of General Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Shiga University of Medical Science, Tsukinowacho, Seta, Otsu, Shiga, 520-2192, Japan.,Division of General Thoracic Surgery, Kusatsu General Hospital, Kusatsu, Shiga, Japan
| | - Takuya Shiratori
- Division of General Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Shiga University of Medical Science, Tsukinowacho, Seta, Otsu, Shiga, 520-2192, Japan
| | - Akira Akazawa
- Division of General Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Shiga University of Medical Science, Tsukinowacho, Seta, Otsu, Shiga, 520-2192, Japan
| | - Mitsuaki Ishida
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Kansai Medical University, Hirakata, Osaka, Japan
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Pilozzi E, Fedele D, Montori A, Lorenzon L, Peritore V, Mannocchi G, Bagheri N, Leone C, Palumbo A, Roberto M, Ranazzi G, Rendina E, Balducci G, Ibrahim M. Histological growth patterns and molecular analysis of resected colorectal lung metastases. Pathol Res Pract 2021; 222:153414. [PMID: 33823338 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2021.153414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Revised: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Lung is the site of metastasis in about 15-25 % of colorectal cancer (CRC) patients. Lung metastasectomy of CRC represents a standard therapy in patients with resectable metastases. In this study we investigated both histological patterns of metastases and mutations in MAPkinase pathway genes and their relationship to prognosis. The study included 74 patients that underwent metastasectomy of colorectal lung metastasis (CLM). In patients that underwent surgical resection of more than one metastasis in the same operation the largest was chosen. In patients that had undergone multiple lung metastasectomy only the sample from the first metastasectomy was included. Histologically metastases were scored according to amount and distribution of necrosis and fibrosis and three patterns were identified: "pattern A", metastasis with extensive, confluent central necrosis surrounded by a rim of neoplastic glands; "pattern B", metastasis characterized by a proliferation of neoplastic glands in a dense stroma with focal necrosis mainly intraglandular; "pattern C", metastasis with a mixed A and B morphology. In all samples direct sequencing of exon 2 of KRAS and NRAS genes and exon 15 of BRAF genes was carried out.Histological patterns weren't related to metastasis size or other clinical features however pattern C metastases showed a significant worst disease free survival (DFS). KRAS mutations were observed in 39 % of patients. Mutations in KRAS codon 13 resulted significantly associated with synchronous metastasis and poor prognosis. No mutations were identified in exon 2 NRAS gene whilst 1.4 % harboured a mutation in BRAF. To our knowledge this is the first study that investigates in a large series of CLM histological growth patterns, molecular alterations and their relationship to prognosis. Our data suggest a prognostic role in CLM of KRAS specific mutations and histopathological patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emanuela Pilozzi
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Unit of Pathologic Anatomy Sant'Andrea Hospital, Via di Grottarossa 1035, 00189, Rome, Italy.
| | - Damiano Fedele
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Unit of Pathologic Anatomy Sant'Andrea Hospital, Via di Grottarossa 1035, 00189, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Montori
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Unit of Pathologic Anatomy Sant'Andrea Hospital, Via di Grottarossa 1035, 00189, Rome, Italy
| | - Laura Lorenzon
- Fondazione Policlinico Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Largo Francesco Vito 1, Rome, Italy
| | - Valentina Peritore
- Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Translational Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Unit of Thoracic Surgery Sant'Andrea Hospital, Via di Grottarossa 1035, 00189, Rome, Italy
| | - Giorgia Mannocchi
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Unit of Pathologic Anatomy Sant'Andrea Hospital, Via di Grottarossa 1035, 00189, Rome, Italy
| | - Nikta Bagheri
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Unit of Pathologic Anatomy Sant'Andrea Hospital, Via di Grottarossa 1035, 00189, Rome, Italy
| | - Chiara Leone
- Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Translational Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Unit of Gastrointestinal Surgery Sant'Andrea Hospital, Via di Grottarossa 1035, 00189, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Palumbo
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Unit of Pathologic Anatomy Sant'Andrea Hospital, Via di Grottarossa 1035, 00189, Rome, Italy
| | - Michela Roberto
- Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Translational Medicine, PhD Program in Oncology, Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine Sapienza University of Rome, Unit of Oncology Sant'Andrea Hospital, Via di Grottarossa 1035, 00189, Rome, Italy
| | - Giulio Ranazzi
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Unit of Pathologic Anatomy Sant'Andrea Hospital, Via di Grottarossa 1035, 00189, Rome, Italy
| | - Erino Rendina
- Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Translational Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Unit of Thoracic Surgery Sant'Andrea Hospital, Via di Grottarossa 1035, 00189, Rome, Italy
| | - Genoveffa Balducci
- Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Translational Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Unit of Gastrointestinal Surgery Sant'Andrea Hospital, Via di Grottarossa 1035, 00189, Rome, Italy
| | - Mohsen Ibrahim
- Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Translational Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Unit of Thoracic Surgery Sant'Andrea Hospital, Via di Grottarossa 1035, 00189, Rome, Italy
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Losi L, Zanocco-Marani T, Grande A. Cadherins down-regulation: towards a better understanding of their relevance in colorectal cancer. Histol Histopathol 2020; 35:1391-1402. [PMID: 32567668 DOI: 10.14670/hh-18-236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The down-regulation of cadherin expression in colorectal cancer (CRC) has been widely studied. However, existing data on cadherin expression are highly variable and its relevance to CRC development has not been completely established. This review examines published studies on cadherins whose down-regulation has been already demonstrated in CRC, trying to establish a relationship with promoter methylation, the capacity to influence the Wnt / CTNNB1 (catenin beta 1, beta-catenin) signalling pathway and the clinical implications for disease outcome. Moreover, it also analyses factors that may explain data variability and highlights the importance of considering the altered subcellular localization of the examined cadherins. The results of this survey reveal that thirty of one hundred existing cadherins appear to be down-regulated in CRC. Among these, ten are cadherins, sixteen are protocadherins, equally divided between clustered and non clustered, and four are cadherin - related. These findings suggest that, to better define the role played by cadherin down-regulation in CRC pathogenesis, the expression of multiple rather than individual cadherins should be taken into account and further functional studies are necessary to clarify the relative ability of individual cadherins to inhibit CTNNB1 therefore acting as tumor suppressors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorena Losi
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy.
| | | | - Alexis Grande
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
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Targeting Insulin-Like Growth Factor 1 Receptor Delays M-Phase Progression and Synergizes with Aurora B Inhibition to Suppress Cell Proliferation. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21031058. [PMID: 32033461 PMCID: PMC7037296 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21031058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2020] [Accepted: 02/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF1R) is a receptor-type tyrosine kinase that transduces signals related to cell proliferation, differentiation, and survival. IGF1R expression is often misregulated in tumor cells, but the relevance of this for cancer progression remains unclear. Here, we examined the impact of IGF1R inhibition on cell division. We found that siRNA-mediated knockdown of IGF1R from HeLa S3 cells leads to M-phase delays. Although IGF1R depletion causes partial exclusion of FoxM1 from the nucleus, quantitative real-time PCR revealed that the transcription of M-phase regulators is not affected by decreased levels of IGF1R. Moreover, a similar delay in M phase was observed following 2 h of incubation with the IGF1R inhibitors OSI-906 and NVP-ADW742. These results suggest that the M-phase delay observed in IGF1R-compromised cells is not caused by altered expression of mitotic regulators. Live-cell imaging revealed that both prolonged prometaphase and prolonged metaphase underlie the delay and this can be abrogated by the inhibition of Mps1 with AZ3146, suggesting activation of the Spindle Assembly Checkpoint when IGF1R is inhibited. Furthermore, incubation with the Aurora B inhibitor ZM447439 potentiated the IGF1R inhibitor-induced suppression of cell proliferation, opening up new possibilities for more effective cancer chemotherapy.
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Yamamoto N, Oshima T, Yoshihara K, Aoyama T, Hayashi T, Yamada T, Sato T, Shiozawa M, Yoshikawa T, Morinaga S, Rino Y, Kunisaki C, Tanaka K, Akaike M, Imada T, Masuda M. Clinicopathological significance and impact on outcomes of the gene expression levels of IGF-1, IGF-2 and IGF-1R, IGFBP-3 in patients with colorectal cancer: Overexpression of the IGFBP-3 gene is an effective predictor of outcomes in patients with colorectal cancer. Oncol Lett 2017; 13:3958-3966. [PMID: 28521493 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.5936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2015] [Accepted: 02/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The insulin-like growth factors (IGF) system is involved in tumor proliferation, invasion and metastasis in cancer. The current study investigated the association of IGF-1, IGF-2 and IGF-1 receptor (IGF-1R), IGF binding proteins type 3 (IGFBP-3) mRNA expression levels with clinicopathological characteristics and outcomes of 202 patients with untreated colorectal cancer (CRC). IGF-1, IGF-2, IGF-1R and IGFBP-3 mRNA expression levels were analyzed in surgical specimens of cancer tissues and adjacent normal mucosa cells using reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction. The IGF-1R gene expression level was significantly higher in cancer tissue compared with adjacent normal mucosa. By contrast, IGF-1 gene expression levels were reduced in cancer tissue compared with normal mucosa. IGF-2 and IGFBP-3 gene expression levels did not differ significantly between cancer tissue and adjacent normal mucosa. As for the association of gene expression and clinicopathological characteristics, IGFBP-3 gene expression was significantly associated with lymph node metastasis. High IGFBP-3 gene expression was associated with poor 5-year overall survival compared with patients with low IGFBP-3 expression. Furthermore, IGFBP-3 gene expression was identified as an independent prognostic factor using multivariate analysis. Overexpression of the IGFBP-3 gene is considered an effective independent predictor of outcomes in patients with CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoto Yamamoto
- Department of Surgery, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Kanagawa 236-0004, Japan
| | - Takashi Oshima
- Department of Surgery, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Kanagawa 236-0004, Japan
| | - Kazue Yoshihara
- Department of Surgery, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Kanagawa 236-0004, Japan
| | - Toru Aoyama
- Department of Surgery, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Kanagawa 236-0004, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Hayashi
- Department of Surgery, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Kanagawa 236-0004, Japan
| | - Takanobu Yamada
- Department of Surgery, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Kanagawa 236-0004, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Sato
- Department of Surgery, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Kanagawa 236-0004, Japan
| | - Manabu Shiozawa
- Department of Surgery, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Kanagawa 236-0004, Japan
| | - Takaki Yoshikawa
- Department of Surgery, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Kanagawa 236-0004, Japan
| | - Soichiro Morinaga
- Department of Surgery, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Kanagawa 236-0004, Japan
| | - Yasushi Rino
- Department of Surgery, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Kanagawa 236-0004, Japan
| | - Chikara Kunisaki
- Gastroenterological Center, Yokohama City University Medical Center, Yokohama, Kanagawa 232-0024, Japan
| | - Katsuaki Tanaka
- Gastroenterological Center, Yokohama City University Medical Center, Yokohama, Kanagawa 232-0024, Japan
| | - Makoto Akaike
- Department of Surgery, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Kanagawa 236-0004, Japan
| | - Toshio Imada
- Department of Surgery, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Kanagawa 236-0004, Japan
| | - Munetaka Masuda
- Department of Surgery, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Kanagawa 236-0004, Japan
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Insulin-like growth factor (IGF) axis in cancerogenesis. MUTATION RESEARCH-REVIEWS IN MUTATION RESEARCH 2016; 772:78-104. [PMID: 28528692 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrrev.2016.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2016] [Revised: 08/27/2016] [Accepted: 08/31/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Determination of the role of insulin-like growth factor (IGF) family components in carcinogenesis of several human tumors is based on numerous epidemiological and pre-clinical studies, experiments in vivo and in vitro and on attempts at application of drugs affecting the IGF axis. Investigative hypotheses in original studies were based on biological functions manifested by the entire family of IGF (ligands, receptors, linking proteins, adaptor molecules). In the context of carcinogenesis the most important functions of IGF family involve intensification of proliferation and inhibition of cell apoptosis and effect on cell transformation through synthesis of several regulatory proteins. IGF axis controls survival and influences on metastases of cells. Interactions of IGF axis components may be of a direct or indirect nature. The direct effects are linked to activation of PI3K/Akt signaling pathway, in which the initiating role is first of all played by IGF-1 and IGF-1R. Activity of this signaling pathway leads to an increased mitogenesis, cell cycle progression, and protection against different apoptotic stresses. Indirect effects of the axis depend on interactions between IGF and other molecules important for cancer etiology (e.g. sex hormones, products of suppressor genes, viruses, and other GFs) and the style of life (nutrition, physical activity). From the clinical point of view, components of IGF system are first of all considered as diagnostic serous and/or tissue biomarkers of a given cancer, prognostic factors and attractive target of modern anti-tumor therapies. Several mechanisms in which IGF system components act in the process of carcinogenesis need to be clarified, mainly due to multifactorial etiology of the neoplasms. Pin-pointing of the role played in carcinogenesis by any single signaling pathway remains particularly difficult. The aim of this review is to summarize the current data of several epidemiological studies, experiments in vitro and on animal models, to increase our understanding of the complex role of IGF family components in the most common human cancers.
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Management of resectable colorectal lung metastases. Clin Exp Metastasis 2015; 33:285-96. [DOI: 10.1007/s10585-015-9774-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2015] [Accepted: 12/07/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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10
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He WZ, Jiang C, Yin CX, Guo GF, Rong RM, Qiu HJ, Chen XX, Zhang B, Xia LP. Prognostic Model Built on Blood-based Biomarkers in Patients with Metastatic Colorectal Cancer. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2014; 15:7327-31. [DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2014.15.17.7327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Schweiger T, Lang G, Klepetko W, Hoetzenecker K. Prognostic factors in pulmonary metastasectomy: spotlight on molecular and radiological markers. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg 2014; 45:408-416. [DOI: 10.1093/ejcts/ezt288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/30/2023] Open
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12
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He X, Chen Z, Jia M, Zhao X. Downregulated E-cadherin expression indicates worse prognosis in Asian patients with colorectal cancer: evidence from meta-analysis. PLoS One 2013; 8:e70858. [PMID: 23923027 PMCID: PMC3726621 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0070858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2013] [Accepted: 06/24/2013] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) plays a crucial role in the progression and aggressiveness of colorectal carcinoma. E-cadherin is the best-characterized molecular marker of EMT, but its prognostic significance for patients with CRC remains inconclusive. METHODOLOGY Eligible studies were searched from the PubMed, Embase and Web of Science databases. Correlation between E-cadherin expression and clinicopathological features and prognosis was analyzed. Subgroup analysis was also performed according to study location, number of patients, quality score of studies and cut-off value. PRINCIPAL FINDINGS A total of 27 studies comprising 4244 cases met the inclusion criteria. Meta-analysis suggested that downregulated E-cadherin expression had an unfavorable impact on overall survival (OS) of CRC (n = 2730 in 14 studies; HR = 2.27, 95%CI: 1.63-3.17; Z = 4.83; P = 0.000). Subgroup analysis indicated that low E-cadherin expression was significantly associated with worse OS in Asian patients (n = 1054 in 9 studies; HR = 2.86, 95%CI: 2.13-3.7, Z = 7.11; P = 0.000) but not in European patients (n = 1552 in 4 studies; HR = 1.14, 95%CI: 0.95-1.35, Z = 1.39; P = 0.165). In addition, reduced E-cadherin expression indicated an unfavorable OS only when the cut off value of low E-cadherin expression was >50% (n = 512 in 4 studies; HR = 2.08, 95%CI 1.45-2.94, Z = 4.05; P = 0.000). Downregulated E-cadherin expression was greatly related with differentiation grade, Dukes' stages, lymphnode status and metastasis. The pooled OR was 0.36(95%CI: 0.19-0.7, Z = 3.03, P = 0.002), 0.34(95%CI: 0.21-0.55, Z = 6.61, P = 0.000), 0.49(95%CI: 0.32-0.74, Z = 3.02, P = 0.002) and 0.45(95%CI: 0.22-0.91, Z = 3.43, P = 0.001), respectively. CONCLUSIONS This study showed that low or absent E-cadherin expression detected by immunohistochemistry served as a valuable prognostic factor of CRC. However, downregulated E-cadherin expression seemed to be associated with worse prognosis in Asian CRC patients but not in European CRC patients. Additionally, this meta-analysis suggested that the negative threshold of E-cadherin should be >50% when we detected its expression in the immunohistochemistry stain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin He
- Department of Hematology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhigang Chen
- Department of Oncology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Minyue Jia
- Department of Endocrinology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoying Zhao
- Department of Hematology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
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Abstract
Colon cancer is a systemic disease in 19% of patients and metastasizes most frequently to the liver and the lung. Survival is enhanced with complete surgical resection of pulmonary metastases. Comprehensive restaging and verification of preoperative fitness must precede resection. The operative approach is dictated by the anatomic location of the metastases, whereas the extent of resection remains a balance between complete removal of metastatic deposits while preserving as much lung parenchyma as possible. The presence of metastatic involvement of hilar and mediastinal lymph nodes is ominous. Multidisciplinary care is highly recommended. An evidence-based algorithm for the identification assessment and treatment of patients with pulmonary metastases is proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- P James Villeneuve
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, The Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa Faculty of Medicine, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
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14
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Kim IY. Factors affecting the outcome of a pulmonary resection for metastatic colorectal cancer: efficacy and pitfalls. JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF COLOPROCTOLOGY 2010; 26:309-10. [PMID: 21152131 PMCID: PMC2998022 DOI: 10.3393/jksc.2010.26.5.309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ik Yong Kim
- Department of Surgery, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea
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Abstract
Pulmonary resection of metastatic colorectal cancer is widely practiced in surgical oncology. However, only a highly selected subset of patients is eligible for resection, and the average recurrence rate is still high. We reviewed the recent literature on pulmonary metastasectomy for colorectal cancer and tried to address the issue of patient selection based on prognostic parameters associated with long-term survival. No randomized phase III trials are available, and data for this review were retrieved only from retrospective studies. We excluded papers reporting on patients earlier than 1990. In summary, there is a substantial body of evidence demonstrating that resection of pulmonary metastases can be performed safely and with a low mortality rate. For a subset of highly selected patients, the overall results of a 5-year actuarial survival rate after complete resection ranged between 40 and 68%. These outcomes exceed those normally associated with metastatic colorectal cancer. It is this perception that has encouraged surgeons and caused the practice to grow.
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Abstract
The insulin-like growth factor-I receptor (IGF-IR) mediates the biological actions of both IGF-I and IGF-II. The IGF-IR is expressed in most transformed cells, where it displays potent antiapoptotic, cell-survival, and transforming activities. IGF-IR expression is a fundamental prerequisite for the acquisition of a malignant phenotype, as suggested by the finding that IGF-IR-null cells (derived from IGF-IR knock-out embryos) are unable to undergo transformation when exposed to cellular or viral oncogenes. This review article will focus on the underlying molecular mechanisms that are responsible for the normal, physiological control of IGF-IR gene expression, as well as the cellular pathways that underlie its aberrant expression in cancer. Examples from the clinics will be presented, including a description of how the IGF system is involved in breast, prostate, pediatric, and gynecological cancers. Finally, current attempts to target the IGF-IR as a therapeutic approach will be described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haim Werner
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel.
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17
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Stein U, Schlag PM. Clinical, biological, and molecular aspects of metastasis in colorectal cancer. RECENT RESULTS IN CANCER RESEARCH. FORTSCHRITTE DER KREBSFORSCHUNG. PROGRES DANS LES RECHERCHES SUR LE CANCER 2007; 176:61-80. [PMID: 17607917 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-540-46091-6_7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer is one of the most frequent malignant tumors with a still increasing incidence in Western countries. Currently, colorectal cancer is the second most common cancer in Europe both in terms of incidence and mortality. Approximately 90% of all cancer deaths arise from the metastatic dissemination of primary tumors. Thus, metastasis is the most lethal attribute of colorectal cancer. Today, colorectal cancer and metastasis thereof are understood as the results of early changes during tumor progression that determine the metastasis capacity. Much is known about molecules contributing to the metastasis phenotype, the pathways they control, and the genes they regulate. However, patient prognosis is mainly defined by histopathological staging, a static description of the anatomical extent of tumor spread within a surgical specimen. This review demonstrates the need for and possibilities of molecular-based staging as an essential prerequisite for improved diagnosis, prognosis, and therapy. Molecular determinants for progression and metastasis of colorectal cancer are discussed representing both potential markers for metastasis prognosis and targets for intervention strategies aiming at the ultimate goal of metastasis prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulrike Stein
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
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18
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Samani AA, Yakar S, LeRoith D, Brodt P. The role of the IGF system in cancer growth and metastasis: overview and recent insights. Endocr Rev 2007; 28:20-47. [PMID: 16931767 DOI: 10.1210/er.2006-0001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 728] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
IGF-I receptor (IGF-IR) signaling and functions are mediated through the activities of a complex molecular network of positive (e.g., type I IGF) and negative (e.g., the type II IGF receptor, IGF-IIR) effectors. Under normal physiological conditions, the balance between the expression and activities of these molecules is tightly controlled. Changes in this delicate balance (e.g., overexpression of one effector) may trigger a cascade of molecular events that can ultimately lead to malignancy. In recent years, evidence has been mounting that the IGF axis may be involved in human cancer progression and can be targeted for therapeutic intervention. Here we review old and more recent evidence on the role the IGF system in malignancy and highlight experimental and clinical studies that provide novel insights into the complex mechanisms that contribute to its oncogenic potential. Controversies arising from conflicting evidence on the relevance of IGF-IR and its ligands to human cancer are discussed. Our review highlights the importance of viewing the IGF axis as a complex multifactorial system and shows that changes in the expression levels of any one component of the axis, in a given malignancy, should be interpreted with caution and viewed in a wider context that takes into account the expression levels, state of activation, accessibility, and functionality of other interacting components. Because IGF targeting for anticancer therapy is rapidly becoming a clinical reality, an understanding of this complexity is timely because it is likely to have an impact on the design, mode of action, and clinical outcomes of newly developed drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Abbas Samani
- Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Center, Royal Victoria Hospital, Room H6.25687, Pine Avenue West, Montreal, Québec, Canada H3A 1A1
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