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Ching JY, Huang BJ, Hsu YT, Khung YL. Anti-Adhesion Behavior from Ring-Strain Amine Cyclic Monolayers Grafted on Silicon (111) Surfaces. Sci Rep 2020; 10:8758. [PMID: 32472042 PMCID: PMC7260185 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-65710-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2019] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
In this manuscript, a series of amine tagged short cyclic molecules (cyclopropylamine, cyclobutylamine, cyclopentylamine and cyclohexylamine) were thermally grafted onto p-type silicon (111) hydride surfaces via nucleophilic addition. The chemistries of these grafting were verified via XPS, AFM and sessile droplet measurements. Confocal microscopy and cell viability assay was performed on these surfaces incubated for 24 hours with triple negative breast cancer cells (MDA-MB 231), gastric adenocarcinoma cells (AGS) endometrial adenocarcinoma (Hec1A). All cell types had shown a significant reduction when incubated on these ring-strain cyclic monolayer surfaces than compared to standard controls. The expression level of focal adhesion proteins (vinculin, paxilin, talin and zyxin) were subsequently quantified for all three cell types via qPCR analysis. Cells incubate on these surface grafting were observed to have reduced levels of adhesion protein expression than compared to positive controls (collagen coating and APTES). A potential application of these anti-adhesive surfaces is the maintenance of the chondrocyte phenotype during in-vitro cell expansion. Articular chondrocytes cultured for 6 days on ring strained cyclopropane-modified surfaces was able to proliferate but had maintained a spheroid/aggregated phenotype with higher COL2A1 and ACAN gene expression. Herein, these findings had help promote grafting of cyclic monolayers as an viable alternative for producing antifouling surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Yuan Ching
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, China Medical University, No.91 Hsueh-Shih Road, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Brian J Huang
- Integrative Stem Cell Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, 40447, Taiwan.,Institute of New Drug Development, China Medical University, No.91 Hsueh-Shih Road, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ting Hsu
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, China Medical University, No.91 Hsueh-Shih Road, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yit Lung Khung
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, China Medical University, No.91 Hsueh-Shih Road, Taichung, Taiwan.
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Plugotarenko NK, Myasoedova TN, Grigoryev MN, Mikhailova TS. Electrochemical Deposition of Silicon-Carbon Films: A Study on the Nucleation and Growth Mechanism. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2019; 9:E1754. [PMID: 31835483 PMCID: PMC6955895 DOI: 10.3390/nano9121754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2019] [Revised: 12/05/2019] [Accepted: 12/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Silicon-carbon films have been deposited on silicon and Al2O3/Cr-Cu substrates, making use of the electrolysis of methanol/dimethylformamide-hexamethyldisilazane (HMDS) solutions. The electrodeposited films were characterized by Raman spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy, respectively. Moreover, the nucleation and growth mechanism of the films were studied from the experimental current transients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina K. Plugotarenko
- Institute of Nanotechnologies, Electronics and Equipment Engineering, Southern Federal University, Chekhov str. 2, 347928 Taganrog, Russia (T.S.M.)
| | - Tatiana N. Myasoedova
- Institute of Nanotechnologies, Electronics and Equipment Engineering, Southern Federal University, Chekhov str. 2, 347928 Taganrog, Russia (T.S.M.)
| | - Mikhail N. Grigoryev
- Joint Stock Company, Taganrog Scientific-Research Institute of Communication, 347913 Taganrog, Russia;
| | - Tatiana S. Mikhailova
- Institute of Nanotechnologies, Electronics and Equipment Engineering, Southern Federal University, Chekhov str. 2, 347928 Taganrog, Russia (T.S.M.)
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XPS Analysis of 2- and 3-Aminothiophenol Grafted on Silicon (111) Hydride Surfaces. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2018; 23:molecules23102712. [PMID: 30347868 PMCID: PMC6222732 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23102712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2018] [Revised: 10/18/2018] [Accepted: 10/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Following on from our previous study on the resonance/inductive structures of ethynylaniline, this report examines similar effects arising from resonance structures with aromatic aminothiophenol with dual electron-donating substituents. In brief, 2- and 3-aminothiophenol were thermally grafted on silicon (111) hydride substrate at 130 °C under nonpolar aprotic mesitylene. From the examination of high resolution XPS Si2p, N1s, and S2p spectrum, it was noticed that there was a strong preference of NH₂ over SH to form Si⁻N linkage on the silicon hydride surface for 2-aminothiophenol. However, for 3-aminothiophenol, there was a switch in reactivity of the silicon hydride toward SH group. This was attributed to the antagonistic and cooperative resonance effects for 2- and 3-aminothiophenol, respectively. The data strongly suggested that the net resonance of the benzylic-based compound could have played an important role in the net distribution of negative charge along the benzylic framework and subsequently influenced the outcome of the surface reaction. To the best of the authors' knowledge, this correlation between dual electron-donating substituents and the outcome of the nucleophilic addition toward silicon hydride surfaces has not been described before in literature.
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Tung J, Tew LS, Coluccini C, Lin YD, Khung YL. Grafting Behavior for the Resonating Variants of Ethynylaniline on Hydrogenated Silicon (100) Surfaces under Thermal Hydrosilylation. Chemistry 2018; 24:13270-13277. [PMID: 29932257 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201802003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2018] [Revised: 06/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
This work reports the outcome of thermal grafting of 2-ethynylaniline, 3-ethynylaniline, and 4-ethynylaniline on a hydrogenated Si(100) surface. Using high-resolution XPS and AFM, it was found that the grafting of these compounds could be attributed to resonating structures that arise from the position of an electron-donating NH2 group and an electron-withdrawing acetylene group. For the ortho- and para-positioned acetylene group, surface reactions were observed to proceed predominantly via the acetylene to form a Si-C bond, whereas the meta-positioned acetylene group was found to have undergone nucleophilic grafting through the NH2 group onto the silicon surface to form a Si-N bond. Furthermore, a tert-butoxycarbonyl-protected derivative for a meta-positioned ethynylaniline was synthesized to exclusively force the reaction to react with the acetylene group and subsequent analysis confirmed that unprotected 3-ethynylaniline had indeed reacted through the nucleophilic NH2 group as hypothesized. Thus, for the first time, the interplay between resonance structures and their effects on silicon surface modifications were systematically catalogued.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joline Tung
- College of Arts and Sciences, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (UNC), Chapel Hill, NC, 27514, USA
| | - Lih Shin Tew
- Advanced Medical and Dental Institute (AMDI), Universiti Sains Malaysia, 13200, Kepala Batas Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
| | - Carmine Coluccini
- Institute of New Drug Development, China Medical University, No.91 Hsueh-Shih Road, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yue-Der Lin
- Department of Automatic Control Engineering, Feng Chia University, No. 100, Wenhwa Rd., Seatwen, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yit Lung Khung
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, China Medical University, No.91 Hsueh-Shih Road, Taichung, Taiwan
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Tung J, Ching JY, Ng YM, Tew LS, Khung YL. Grafting of Ring-Opened Cyclopropylamine Thin Films on Silicon (100) Hydride via UV Photoionization. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:31083-31094. [PMID: 28832115 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b08343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The grafting of cyclopropylamine onto a silicon (100) hydride (Si-H) surface via a ring-opening mechanism using UV photoionization is described here. In brief, radicals generated from the Si-H surface upon UV irradiation were found to behave in classical hydrogen abstraction theory manner by which the distal amine group was first hydrogen abstracted and the radical propagated down to the cyclopropane moiety. This subsequently liberated the strained bonds of the cyclopropane group and initiated the surface grafting process, producing a thin film approximately 10-15 nm in height. Contact angle measurements also showed that such photoionization irradiation had yielded an extremely hydrophilic surface (∼21.3°) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy also confirmed the coupling was through the Si-C linkage. However, when the surface underwent high-temperature hydrosilylation (>160 °C), the reaction proceeded predominantly through the nucleophilic NH2 group to form a Si-N linkage to the surface. This rendered the surface hydrophobic and hence suggested that the Si-H homolysis model may not be the main process. To the best of our knowledge, this was the first attempt reported in the literature to use photoionization to directly graft cyclopropylamine onto a silicon surface and in due course generate a highly rich NH-terminated surface that was found to be highly bioactive in promoting cell viability on the basis of 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Tung
- College of Arts and Sciences, University of North Carolina (UNC) at Chapel Hill , Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27514, United States
| | - J Y Ching
- Institute of New Drug Development, China Medical University , No. 91 Hsueh-Shih Road, Taichung 40402, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Y M Ng
- Advanced Medical and Dental Institute (AMDI), Universiti Sains Malaysia , 13200 Kepala Batas, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
| | - L S Tew
- Advanced Medical and Dental Institute (AMDI), Universiti Sains Malaysia , 13200 Kepala Batas, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
| | - Y L Khung
- Institute of New Drug Development, China Medical University , No. 91 Hsueh-Shih Road, Taichung 40402, Taiwan, Republic of China
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Kong LB, Bai RJ, Lang JW, Luo YC, Kang L. The rods-like manganese dioxide films grown on nickel foam for electrochemical capacitor applications. RUSS J ELECTROCHEM+ 2013. [DOI: 10.1134/s1023193513030087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Heredia A, van der Strate HJ, Delgadillo I, Basiuk VA, Vrieling EG. Analysis of Organo–Silica Interactions during Valve Formation in Synchronously Growing Cells of the DiatomNavicula pelliculosa. Chembiochem 2008; 9:573-84. [DOI: 10.1002/cbic.200700313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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