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Liu Y, Tian Y, Xu J, Wang C, Wang Y, Yuan D, Chew JW. Electrosorption performance on graphene-based materials: a review. RSC Adv 2023; 13:6518-6529. [PMID: 36845580 PMCID: PMC9950858 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra08252g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 02/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Due to its unique advantages such as flexible planar structure, ultrahigh specific surface area, superior electrical conductivity and electrical double-layer capacitance in theory, graphene has unparalleled virtues compared with other carbon materials. This review summarizes the recent research progress of various graphene-based electrodes on ion electrosorption fields, especially for water desalination utilizing capacitive deionization (CDI) technology. We present the latest advances of graphene-based electrodes, such as 3D graphene, graphene/metal oxide (MO) composites, graphene/carbon composites, heteroatom-doped graphene and graphene/polymer composites. Furthermore, a brief outlook on the challenges and future possible developments in the electrosorption area are also addressed for researchers to design graphene-based electrodes towards practical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Liu
- Engineering Research Center of Nuclear Technology Application (East China Institute of Technology), Ministry of Education Nanchang 330013 China
| | - Yun Tian
- Engineering Research Center of Nuclear Technology Application (East China Institute of Technology), Ministry of Education Nanchang 330013 China
| | - Jianda Xu
- Engineering Research Center of Nuclear Technology Application (East China Institute of Technology), Ministry of Education Nanchang 330013 China
| | - Changfu Wang
- Engineering Research Center of Nuclear Technology Application (East China Institute of Technology), Ministry of Education Nanchang 330013 China
| | - Yun Wang
- Engineering Research Center of Nuclear Technology Application (East China Institute of Technology), Ministry of Education Nanchang 330013 China
| | - Dingzhong Yuan
- Engineering Research Center of Nuclear Technology Application (East China Institute of Technology), Ministry of Education Nanchang 330013 China
| | - Jia Wei Chew
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University Singapore 637459 Singapore .,Singapore Membrane Technology Center, Nanyang Environment and Water Research Institute, Nanyang Technological University Singapore 639798 Singapore
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Wang T, Zhang Z, Gu Z, Hu C, Qu J. Electron Transfer of Activated Carbon to Anode Excites and Regulates Desalination in Flow Electrode Capacitive Deionization. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2023; 57:2566-2574. [PMID: 36719078 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.2c09506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The desalination performance of flow electrode capacitive deionization (FCDI) is determined by the ion adsorption on the powdered activated carbon (PAC) and the electron transfer between the current collector and PAC. However, a comprehensive understanding of rate-limiting steps is lacking, let alone to enhance FCDI desalination by regulating the PAC characteristics. This study showed that the electron transfer between PAC and the current collector on the anode side was the rate-limiting step of FCDI desalination. Compared with W900, the desalination performance of FCDI decreased by 95% when W1200 with weak electron transfer ability was used as a flow electrode. The PAC selected in this study transferred electrons directly through the conductive carbon matrix in FCDI and was mainly affected by graphitization. The desalination performance of FCDI was improved by 20 times when the graphitization degree of PAC increased from 0.69 to 1.03. The minimum energy required for electrons to escape from the PAC surface was reduced by the high degree of graphitization, from 4.27 to 3.52 eV, thus improving the electron transfer capacity of PAC on the anode side. This study provides a direction for the optimization of flow electrodes and further promotes the development of FCDI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianyu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100085, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100049, China
- National Engineering Research Center of Industrial Wastewater Detoxication and Resource Recovery, Beijing100085, China
| | - Zijian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100085, China
| | - Zhenao Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100085, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100049, China
- National Engineering Research Center of Industrial Wastewater Detoxication and Resource Recovery, Beijing100085, China
| | - Chengzhi Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100085, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100049, China
- National Engineering Research Center of Industrial Wastewater Detoxication and Resource Recovery, Beijing100085, China
| | - Jiuhui Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100085, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100049, China
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Han DC, Wang SY, Zhang CM, Yue RY, Wang SG, Sun XF. Efficient dual-ions hybrid capacitive system for superior deionization with enhanced kinetics match. Electrochim Acta 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2022.141380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Datar SD, Mane R, Jha N. Recent progress in materials and architectures for capacitive deionization: A comprehensive review. WATER ENVIRONMENT RESEARCH : A RESEARCH PUBLICATION OF THE WATER ENVIRONMENT FEDERATION 2022; 94:e10696. [PMID: 35289462 DOI: 10.1002/wer.10696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Revised: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Capacitive deionization is an emerging and rapidly developing electrochemical technique for water desalination across the globe with exponential growth in publications. There are various architectures and materials being explored to obtain utmost electrosorption performance. The symmetric architectures consist of the same material on both electrodes, while asymmetric architectures have electrodes loaded with different materials. Asymmetric architectures possess higher electrosorption performance as compared with that of symmetric architectures owing to the inclusion of either faradaic materials, redox-active electrolytes, or ion specific pre-intercalation material. With the materials perspective, faradaic materials have higher electrosorption performance than carbon-based materials owing to the occurrence of faradaic reactions for electrosorption. Moreover, the architecture and material may be tailored in order to obtain desired selectivity of the target component and heavy metal present in feed water. In this review, we describe recent developments in architectures and materials for capacitive deionization and summarize the characteristics and salt removal performances. Further, we discuss recently reported architectures and materials for the removal of heavy metals and radioactive materials. The factors that affect the electrosorption performance including the synthesis procedure for electrode materials, incorporation of additives, operational modes, and organic foulants are further illustrated. This review concludes with several perspectives to provide directions for further development in the subject of capacitive deionization. PRACTITIONER POINTS: Capacitive deionization (CDI) is a rapidly developing electrochemical water desalination technique with exponential growth in publications. Faradaic materials have higher salt removal capacity (SAC) because of reversible redox reactions or ion-intercalation processes. Combination of CDI with other techniques exhibits improved selectivity and removal of heavy metals. Operational parameters and materials properties affect SAC. In future, comprehensive experimentation is needed to have better understanding of the performance of CDI architectures and materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shreerang D Datar
- Department of Physics, Institute of Chemical Technology, Mumbai, India
| | - Rupali Mane
- Department of Physics, Institute of Chemical Technology, Mumbai, India
| | - Neetu Jha
- Department of Physics, Institute of Chemical Technology, Mumbai, India
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Zhang W, Jin C, Shi Z, Zhu L, Chen L, Liu Y, Zhang H. Biobased polyporphyrin derived porous carbon electrodes for highly efficient capacitive deionization. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 291:133113. [PMID: 34856237 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.133113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Revised: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Recently, capacitive deionization (CDI) has attracted considerable interest as a potential desalination technique for seawater. It is thus desirable to develop low-cost, sustainable, and efficient electrode materials for desalination. In this study, the polyporphyrin was prepared by a one-pot reaction from biobased furan derivative, followed by activation to manufacture nitrogen-doped polyporphyrin derived porous carbons (NPPCs) for efficient capacitive deionization. In the presence of KOH as a pore activator, NPPCs exhibited cross-linked interconnected nanosphere chain-like structures inherited from the polyporphyrin backbone with coexisting mesopores and micropores, leading to extremely high specific surface area (2979.3 m2 g-1) and large pore volume (2.22 cm3 g-1). The electrochemical measurements revealed good conductivity, outstanding stability, and extraordinary specific capacitance (328.7 F g-1) of NPPCs, which can be ascribed to rich nitrogen content (8.0 at%) and high Pyrrolic nitrogen ratio. Due to their superior hierarchical porous structure and excellent electrochemical performance, the NPPC-800 electrodes presented a high salt adsorption capacity (SAC) of 35.7 mg g-1 and outstanding cycling stability in 10 mM NaCl solution at 1.2 V during the desalination tests. This work demonstrates the utilization of biobased porous carbon material will pave a prospective way in sustainable and potential applications for CDI technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhang
- College of Environment, Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resources Development of Shallow Lakes, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China
| | - Can Jin
- Institute of Chemical Industry of Forest Products, CAF, National Engineering Lab. for Biomass Chemical Utilization; Key Lab. of Biomass Energy and Material, Jiangsu Province, Nanjing, 210042, China.
| | - Zhenyu Shi
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Monitoring and Analysis for Organic Pollutants in Surface Water, Environment Monitoring Center of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing, 210036, China
| | - Liang Zhu
- College of Environment, Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resources Development of Shallow Lakes, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China.
| | - Lin Chen
- College of Environment, Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resources Development of Shallow Lakes, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China
| | - Yunlong Liu
- Institute of Chemical Industry of Forest Products, CAF, National Engineering Lab. for Biomass Chemical Utilization; Key Lab. of Biomass Energy and Material, Jiangsu Province, Nanjing, 210042, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- College of Environment, Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resources Development of Shallow Lakes, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China
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Xiong Y, Yang X, Liu Y, Chen X, Wang G, Lu B, Lin G, Huang B. Fabrication of phosphorus doping porous carbon derived from bagasse for highly-efficient removal of La3+ ions via capacitive deionization. Electrochim Acta 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2021.139735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Miao L, Deng W, Chen X, Gao M, Chen W, Ao T. Selective adsorption of phosphate by carboxyl-modified activated carbon electrodes for capacitive deionization. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2021; 84:1757-1773. [PMID: 34662311 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2021.358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Capacitive deionization (CDI) has been considered as a promising technology for removing phosphate from water but suffer inferior selectivity and electrosorption performances for phosphate of current carbon electrodes in CDI. Herein, we achieved highly selective phosphate removal from a ternary effluent of Cl-, PO43-, and SO42- by using nitric acid-treated activated carbon (AC) with various modification times and pure AC as the anode and cathode, a novel phosphate selective asymmetric CDI reactor. The results showed that carboxyl groups greatly grafted on the materials after modification (varying from 0.00084 to 0.0012 mol g-1). The phosphate selectivity of the present research was higher than that of unmodified CDI, and it increased with the increase of carboxyl groups content. The highest phosphate selectivity (2.01) in modified materials is almost six times higher than that of pure AC. Moreover, the modified electrodes exhibited good regenerative ability with a phosphate desorption efficiency of around 72.12% during the adsorption/desorption process and great stability during the cycling experiment. These results demonstrated that the innovative application of nitric acid-modified AC can effectively selectively remove phosphate from mixed anion solution, opening a hopeful window to selective adsorption in water treatment by CDI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luwei Miao
- College of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China E-mail:
| | - Wenyang Deng
- Institute for Disaster Management and Reconstruction, Sichuan University-The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, No. 122, Section 1 Yellow River Middle Road, Chengdu 610065, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiaohong Chen
- College of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China E-mail:
| | - Ming Gao
- College of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China E-mail:
| | - Wenqing Chen
- College of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China E-mail:
| | - Tianqi Ao
- State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China; College of Water Resource and Hydropower, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
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Enhanced capacitive deionization of defect-containing MoS2/graphene composites through introducing appropriate MoS2 defect. Electrochim Acta 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2021.138363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Hydrangea-like nitrogen-doped porous carbons derived from NH2-MIL-53(Al) for high-performance capacitive deionization. Sep Purif Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2020.117818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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