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Rafiq K, Sadia I, Abid MZ, Waleed MZ, Rauf A, Hussain E. Scientific Insights into the Quantum Dots (QDs)-Based Electrochemical Sensors for State-of-the-Art Applications. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2024; 10:7268-7313. [PMID: 39499739 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.4c01256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2024]
Abstract
Size-dependent optical and electronic properties are unique characteristics of quantum dots (QDs). A significant advantage is the quantum confinement effect that allows their precise tuning to achieve required characteristics and behavior for the targeted applications. Regarding the aforementioned factors, QDs-based sensors have exhibited dramatic potential for the diverse and advanced applications. For example, QDs-based devices have been potentially utilized for bioimaging, drug delivery, cancer therapy, and environmental remediation. In recent years, use of QDs-based electrochemical sensors have been further extended in other areas like gas sensing, metal ion detection, monitoring of organic pollutants, and detection of radioactive isotopes. Objective of this study is to rationalize the QDs-based electrochemical sensors for state-of-the-art applications. This review article comprehensively illustrates the importance of aforementioned devices along with sources from which QDs devices have been formulated and fabricated. Other distinct features of QDs devices are associated with their extremely high active surfaces, inherent ability of reproducibility, sensitivity, and selectivity for the targeted analyte detection. In this review, major categories of QD materials along with justification of their key roles in electrochemical devices have been demonstrated and discussed. All categories have been evaluated with special emphasis on the advantages and drawbacks/challenges associated with QD materials. However, in the interests of readers and researchers, recent improvements also have been included and discussed. On the evaluation, it has been concluded that despite significant challenges, QDs-based electrochemical sensors exhibit excellent performances for state-of-the-art and targeted applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khezina Rafiq
- Institute of Chemistry, Inorganic Materials Laboratory 52S, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan
| | - Iqra Sadia
- Institute of Chemistry, Inorganic Materials Laboratory 52S, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Zeeshan Abid
- Institute of Chemistry, Inorganic Materials Laboratory 52S, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Zaryab Waleed
- Institute of Chemistry, Inorganic Materials Laboratory 52S, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan
| | - Abdul Rauf
- Institute of Chemistry, Inorganic Materials Laboratory 52S, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan
| | - Ejaz Hussain
- Institute of Chemistry, Inorganic Materials Laboratory 52S, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan
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Ben Trad F, Carré B, Delacotte J, Lemaître F, Guille-Collignon M, Arbault S, Sojic N, Labbé E, Buriez O. Electrochemiluminescent imaging of a NADH-based enzymatic reaction confined within giant liposomes. Anal Bioanal Chem 2024; 416:7385-7394. [PMID: 38227016 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-024-05133-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
Herein, transient releases either from NADH-loaded liposomes or enzymatic reactions confined in giant liposomes were imaged by electrochemiluminescence (ECL). NADH was first encapsulated with the [Ru(bpy)3]2+ luminophore inside giant liposomes (around 100 µm in diameter) made of DOPC/DOPG phospholipids (i.e., 1,2-dioleolyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine/1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycerol-3-phospho-(1'-rac-glycerol) sodium salt) on their inner- and outer-leaflet, respectively. Then, membrane permeabilization triggered upon contact between the liposome and a polarized ITO electrode surface and ECL was locally generated. Combination of amperometry, photoluminescence, and ECL provided a comprehensive monitoring of a single liposome opening and content release. In a second part, the work is focused on the ECL characterization of NADH produced by glucose dehydrogenase (GDH)-catalyzed oxidation of glucose in the confined environment delimited by the liposome membrane. This was achieved by encapsulating both the ECL and catalytic reagents (i.e., the GDH, glucose, NAD+, and [Ru(bpy)3]2+) in the liposome. In accordance with the results obtained, NADH can be used as a biologically compatible ECL co-reactant to image membrane permeabilization events of giant liposomes. Under these conditions, the ECL signal duration was rather long (around 10 s). Since many enzymatic reactions involve the NADH/NAD+ redox couple, this work opens up interesting prospects for the characterization of enzymatic reactions taking place notably in artificial cells and in confined environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatma Ben Trad
- PASTEUR, Département de Chimie, Ecole Normale Supérieure, PSL University, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Bixente Carré
- PASTEUR, Département de Chimie, Ecole Normale Supérieure, PSL University, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Jérôme Delacotte
- PASTEUR, Département de Chimie, Ecole Normale Supérieure, PSL University, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Frédéric Lemaître
- PASTEUR, Département de Chimie, Ecole Normale Supérieure, PSL University, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Manon Guille-Collignon
- PASTEUR, Département de Chimie, Ecole Normale Supérieure, PSL University, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Stéphane Arbault
- Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, Bordeaux INP, CBMN, UMR 5248, 33600, Pessac, France
| | - Neso Sojic
- Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, Bordeaux INP, ISM, UMR 5255 CNRS, 33400, Talence, France.
| | - Eric Labbé
- PASTEUR, Département de Chimie, Ecole Normale Supérieure, PSL University, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Olivier Buriez
- PASTEUR, Département de Chimie, Ecole Normale Supérieure, PSL University, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, 75005, Paris, France.
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Hou M, Yuan J, Dong X, Wang Y, Yang S, Gao J. Engineering Oxygen-Independent NADH Oxidase Integrated with Electrocatalytic FAD Cofactor Regeneration. JACS AU 2024; 4:3581-3592. [PMID: 39328752 PMCID: PMC11423319 DOI: 10.1021/jacsau.4c00528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2024] [Revised: 07/31/2024] [Accepted: 08/01/2024] [Indexed: 09/28/2024]
Abstract
An electrochemically mediated enzyme process for nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) oxidation and biosensing has been developed in which the oxygen-dependent activities of wild-type NADH oxidase are replaced by electrochemical regeneration of the flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) cofactor in the active site. Consequently, the present bioelectrocatalysis does not rely on a continuous oxygen supply through bubbling air or pure oxygen in biosynthetic applications, which reduces enzyme stability. The coupled electrochemical and enzymatic catalysis is achieved through a combination of enzyme immobilization on the electrode and electrochemical oxidation of FADH2 in the active site mediated by the electron transfer mediator ferrocene carboxylic acid (FcCA). Furthermore, to minimize the effect of dissolved oxygen when the electrocatalytic process is exposed to air, we successfully designed mutations at the Leu40 and Cys42 sites of Leuconostoc mesenteroides (LmNOx) to block the oxygen passage into the active site and to eliminate the native FAD cofactor regeneration half-reaction. The engineered enzymes, whose activities are significantly reduced or inactive in solution, are electrocatalytically active toward conversion of NADH to NAD+, demonstrating successful FAD cofactor regeneration in the active site via electrochemistry. Finally, we developed two highly responsive electrochemical biosensors for NADH detection which has a superior substrate specific to standard detectors using metal electrodes, and comparable detection range and detection limit (1-3 μM).
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengjie Hou
- School
of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Peking
University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Institute
of Systems and Physical Biology, Shenzhen
Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Jing Yuan
- Institute
of Systems and Physical Biology, Shenzhen
Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Xinyu Dong
- Institute
of Systems and Physical Biology, Shenzhen
Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Yingjie Wang
- Institute
of Systems and Physical Biology, Shenzhen
Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Shihe Yang
- School
of Advanced Materials, Peking University
Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Institute
of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen Bay
Laboratory, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Jiali Gao
- School
of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Peking
University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Institute
of Systems and Physical Biology, Shenzhen
Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Department
of Chemistry and Supercomputing Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
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Kaur P, Park Y, Minami I, Imteaz MA, Khan MA, Al-Othman AAS, Alothman ZA, Sillanpää M, Li Y. Photoelectrocatalytic treatment of municipal wastewater with emerging concern pollutants using modified multi-layer catalytic anode. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 339:139575. [PMID: 37487983 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.139575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023]
Abstract
Municipal wastewater contains emergent chemical and biological pollutants that are resistant to conventional wastewater treatments. Therefore, the focus of the current study was to address the challenge of removing emergent chemical and biological pollutants present in municipal wastewater. To achieve this, a photo electro-catalytic (PEC) treatment approach was employed, focusing on the removal of both micro and biological pollutants that are of emergent concern, as well as the reduction of Chemical Oxidation Demand (COD) and Total Organic Carbon (TOC). The treatment involved the use of a modified multi-layer catalytic anode photo-electroactive anode as an effective anode for PEC treatment of municipal wastewater. In the continuous mode of operation, %COD removal was optimized for the treatment of municipal wastewater under Ultra-Violet C (UVc), 280 nm, and Visible (Vis) radiation, 400 nm. Therefore, a comparative study was performed to investigate the effect of Vis radiation on %COD removal, micropollutants removal, and disinfection of municipal wastewater. Micropollutants present in municipal wastewater were effectively oxidized/degraded with the highest reduction rate between 100% and 80% under the influence of UVc and Vis radiation respectively by the PEC treatment process. Disinfection of various microorganisms present in the wastewater with the effect of UVc and Vis assisted PEC treatment was also monitored. Overall, 75-80% of the disinfection of municipal wastewater was contributed by the modified multi-layer catalytic anode. The UVc in the PEC system, contributes approximately 20-25% to the overall disinfection of municipal wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parminder Kaur
- Department of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, Aalto University, Espoo, 00076, Finland.
| | - Yuri Park
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Seoul National University of Science and Technology, Seoul, 01811, South Korea
| | - Ichiro Minami
- Department of Engineering Sciences and Mathematics, Lulea University of Technology, Lulea, 97187, Sweden
| | - Monzur A Imteaz
- Department of Civil and Construction Engineering, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Moonis Ali Khan
- Chemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed A S Al-Othman
- Department of Agricultural Engineering, College of Food Sciences and Agriculture, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2460, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zeid Abdullah Alothman
- Department of Agricultural Engineering, College of Food Sciences and Agriculture, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2460, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mika Sillanpää
- Faculty of Environment and Chemical Engineering, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, 550000, Viet Nam; Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Mining, Metallurgy and Chemical Engineering University of Johannesburg, P.O. Box 17011, Doornfontein, 2028, South Africa.
| | - Yongdan Li
- Department of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, Aalto University, Espoo, 00076, Finland
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Ma X, Kang J, Wu Y, Pang C, Li S, Li J, Xiong Y, Luo J, Wang M, Xu Z. Recent advances in metal/covalent organic framework-based materials for photoelectrochemical sensing applications. Trends Analyt Chem 2022; 157:116793. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2022.116793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Rozhin P, Abdel Monem Gamal J, Giordani S, Marchesan S. Carbon Nanomaterials (CNMs) and Enzymes: From Nanozymes to CNM-Enzyme Conjugates and Biodegradation. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 15:1037. [PMID: 35160982 PMCID: PMC8838330 DOI: 10.3390/ma15031037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2021] [Revised: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Carbon nanomaterials (CNMs) and enzymes differ significantly in terms of their physico-chemical properties-their handling and characterization require very different specialized skills. Therefore, their combination is not trivial. Numerous studies exist at the interface between these two components-especially in the area of sensing-but also involving biofuel cells, biocatalysis, and even biomedical applications including innovative therapeutic approaches and theranostics. Finally, enzymes that are capable of biodegrading CNMs have been identified, and they may play an important role in controlling the environmental fate of these structures after their use. CNMs' widespread use has created more and more opportunities for their entry into the environment, and thus it becomes increasingly important to understand how to biodegrade them. In this concise review, we will cover the progress made in the last five years on this exciting topic, focusing on the applications, and concluding with future perspectives on research combining carbon nanomaterials and enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petr Rozhin
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy;
| | - Jada Abdel Monem Gamal
- School of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Science & Health, Dublin City University, D09 E432 Dublin, Ireland;
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematical, Physical and Natural Sciences, University Sapienza of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Silvia Giordani
- School of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Science & Health, Dublin City University, D09 E432 Dublin, Ireland;
| | - Silvia Marchesan
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy;
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