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Chen L, Qin Y, Zhang Y, Song X, Wang R, Jiang J, Liu J, Guo T, Yuan W, Song Z, Dong Y, Song Y, Ma J. Association of the external environmental exposome and obesity: A comprehensive nationwide study in 2019 among Chinese children and adolescents. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 927:172233. [PMID: 38615759 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Revised: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Children and adolescents are particularly vulnerable to the effects of various environmental factors, which could disrupt growth processes and potentially lead to obesity. Currently, comprehensive and systematic assessments of these environmental exposures during developmental periods are lacking. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate the association between external environmental exposures and the incidence of obesity in children and adolescents. METHODS Data was collected from the 2019 Chinese National Survey on Students' Constitution and Health, including 214,659 Han children aged 7 to 19. Body Mass Index (BMI) and BMI-for-age z-score (zBMI) were the metrics used to assess overweight and obesity prevalence. The study assessed 18 environmental factors, including air pollutants, natural space, land cover, meteorological conditions, built environment, road conditions, and artificial light at night. Exposome-wide association study (ExWAS) to analyze individual exposures' associations with health outcomes, and Weighted Quantile Sum (WQS) to assess cumulative exposure effects. RESULTS Among the children and adolescents, there were 24.2 % participants classified as overweight or obesity. Notably, 17 out of 18 environmental factors exhibited significant associations with zBMI and overweight/obesity. Seven air pollutants, road conditions, and built density were positively correlated with higher zBMI and obesity risk, while NDVI, forests, and meteorological factors showed negative correlations. Co-exposure analysis highlighted that SO2, ALAN, PM10, and trunk road density significantly increased zBMI, whereas rainfall, grassland, and forest exposure reduced it. Theoretically reduction in the number and prevalence of cases was calculated, indicating potential reductions in prevalence of up to 4.51 % for positive exposures and 5.09 % for negative exposures. Notably, substantial reductions were observed in regions with high pollution levels. CONCLUSION This large-scale investigation, encompassing various environmental exposures in schools, highlights the significant impact of air pollution, road characteristics, rainfall, and forest coverage on childhood obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Chen
- Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Peking University; National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yang Qin
- Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Peking University; National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Peking University; National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Xinli Song
- Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Peking University; National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Beijing 100191, China
| | - RuoLin Wang
- Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Peking University; National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Jianuo Jiang
- Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Peking University; National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Jieyu Liu
- Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Peking University; National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Tongjun Guo
- Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Peking University; National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Wen Yuan
- Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Peking University; National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Zhiying Song
- Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Peking University; National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yanhui Dong
- Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Peking University; National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yi Song
- Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Peking University; National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Jun Ma
- Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Peking University; National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Beijing 100191, China.
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Münzel T, Molitor M, Kuntic M, Hahad O, Röösli M, Engelmann N, Basner M, Daiber A, Sørensen M. Transportation Noise Pollution and Cardiovascular Health. Circ Res 2024; 134:1113-1135. [PMID: 38662856 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.123.323584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Epidemiological studies have found that transportation noise increases the risk for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, with solid evidence for ischemic heart disease, heart failure, and stroke. According to the World Health Organization, at least 1.6 million healthy life years are lost annually from traffic-related noise in Western Europe. Traffic noise at night causes fragmentation and shortening of sleep, elevation of stress hormone levels, and increased oxidative stress in the vasculature and the brain. These factors can promote vascular (endothelial) dysfunction, inflammation, and arterial hypertension, thus elevating cardiovascular risk. The present review focusses on the indirect, nonauditory cardiovascular health effects of noise. We provide an updated overview of epidemiological research on the effects of transportation noise on cardiovascular risk factors and disease, and mechanistic insights based on the latest clinical and experimental studies and propose new risk markers to address noise-induced cardiovascular effects in the general population. We will discuss the potential effects of noise on vascular dysfunction, oxidative stress, and inflammation in humans and animals. We will elaborately explain the underlying pathomechanisms by alterations of gene networks, epigenetic pathways, circadian rhythm, signal transduction along the neuronal-cardiovascular axis, and metabolism. We will describe current and future noise mitigation strategies. Finally, we will conduct an overall evaluation of the status of the current evidence of noise as a significant cardiovascular risk factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Münzel
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Mainz, Germany (T.M., M.M., M.K., O.H., A.D.)
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Rhine-Main, Germany (T.M., M.M., O.H., A.D.)
| | - Michael Molitor
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Mainz, Germany (T.M., M.M., M.K., O.H., A.D.)
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Rhine-Main, Germany (T.M., M.M., O.H., A.D.)
| | - Marin Kuntic
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Mainz, Germany (T.M., M.M., M.K., O.H., A.D.)
| | - Omar Hahad
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Mainz, Germany (T.M., M.M., M.K., O.H., A.D.)
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Rhine-Main, Germany (T.M., M.M., O.H., A.D.)
| | - Martin Röösli
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Department Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Basel, Switzerland (M.R., N.E.)
| | - Nicole Engelmann
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Department Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Basel, Switzerland (M.R., N.E.)
| | - Mathias Basner
- Unit for Experimental Psychiatry, Division of Sleep and Chronobiology, Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA (M.B.)
| | - Andreas Daiber
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Mainz, Germany (T.M., M.M., M.K., O.H., A.D.)
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Rhine-Main, Germany (T.M., M.M., O.H., A.D.)
| | - Mette Sørensen
- Danish Cancer Institute, Danish Cancer Society, Copenhagen, Denmark (M.S.)
- Department of Natural Science and Environment, Roskilde University, Denmark (M.S.)
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Terzakis ME, Dohmen M, van Kamp I, Hornikx M. Noise Indicators Relating to Non-Auditory Health Effects in Children-A Systematic Literature Review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:15633. [PMID: 36497707 PMCID: PMC9739374 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192315633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
A systematic literature review was conducted to investigate which objective noise indicators related to various noise sources (i.e., aircraft, road-traffic, and ambient noise) are the best predictors of non-auditory health-effects in children. These relationships are discussed via a conceptual framework, taking into account main parameters such as the type of noise source, the exposure locations and their environments, the type of noise indicators, the children's mediating factors, and the type of non-auditory health effects. In terms of the procedure, four literature databases were screened and data was extracted on study design, types of noise sources, assessment method, health-based outcomes and confounders, as well as their associations. The quality of the studies was also assessed. The inclusion criteria focused on both indoor and outdoor environments in educational buildings and dwellings, considering that children spend most of their time there. From the 3337 uniquely collected articles, 36 articles were included in this review based on the defined inclusion and exclusion criteria. From the included literature, it was seen that noise exposure, assessed by energetic indicators, has significant associations with non-auditory health effects: psychophysiological, cognitive development, mental health and sleep effects. Percentile and event-based indicators provided significant associations to cognitive performance tasks and well-being dimension aspects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michail Evangelos Terzakis
- Building Acoustics Group, Department of the Built Environment, Eindhoven University of Technology, 5612 AZ Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Maud Dohmen
- Building Acoustics Group, Department of the Built Environment, Eindhoven University of Technology, 5612 AZ Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Irene van Kamp
- National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, 3721 MA Bilthoven, The Netherlands
| | - Maarten Hornikx
- Building Acoustics Group, Department of the Built Environment, Eindhoven University of Technology, 5612 AZ Eindhoven, The Netherlands
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Kheirandish A, Mehrparvar A, Abou-Bakre A, Zare Sakhvidi MJ. Association between long-term occupational noise exposure and obesity. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:20176-20185. [PMID: 34729714 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-17299-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Noise exposure has been linked to several health outcomes including obesity. This cross-sectional study examined the association between occupational noise exposure and body mass index as a measure of general obesity in 913 textile workers (totally from nine factories) in Yazd city, Iran, from winter to summer of 2018. The sound pressure level (dBA) at each working station was measured by a calibrated sound level meter. The long-term noise exposure score of each worker (as dBA.year) was calculated by multiplying the working history in each unit to its corresponding noise level. Models were adjusted for personal, behavioral, environmental, and family history factors. In total, 81.05% (n = 740) of the participants were exposed to noise levels higher than 85 dBA. The direct association was found for the fully adjusted model (β = 0.002; 95% CI: 0.001: 0.004). For the model with past year noise exposure, a 10.6% increase in odds was observed for each 5 dBA increase in noise exposure (95% CI: 1.005: 1.216). We found a 0.1% increase in the odds of being overweight in mixed-gender analysis (95% CI: 1.001:1.002) for each 5 dBA.year in the fully adjusted model. Occupational noise exposure should be regarded as a risk factor for cardiometabolic outcomes in industrial workers.
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Affiliation(s)
- AhmadAli Kheirandish
- Department of Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Amirhooshang Mehrparvar
- Industrial Diseases Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Abdellah Abou-Bakre
- Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Sciences and Technics, Sultan Moulay Slimane University, Beni Mellal, Morocco
| | - Mohammad Javad Zare Sakhvidi
- Department of Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
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Kim AR, Bang JH, Lee SH, Lee J. What Is the Role of Night-Time Noise Exposure in Childhood Allergic Disease? INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19052748. [PMID: 35270440 PMCID: PMC8910617 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19052748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Revised: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
The cause of the allergic disease is known to be multifactorial, and there is growing evidence of environmental factors triggering the disease. Indeed, it is essential to find modifiable environmental factors related to allergic disease. Noise is an environmental pollutant causing various health problems, especially when exposed during the night-time. This study assessed the impact of night-time noise exposure in allergic disease. Subjects were selected from a panel data survey containing questions on allergic disease and related factors. Incidence of allergic disease, covariates, and addresses was derived from survey questionnaires. By applying the Land Use Regression modeling method, each subject’s night-time noise estimates were elicited based on the night-time noise level collected from the noise monitoring site. Association between night-time noise difference rate and incidence of asthma were analyzed by Cox proportional hazard regression. Incidence of allergic disease increased when night-time noise difference was positive compared to the negative difference. Additionally, the incidence of allergic disease increased by per interquartile range of night-time noise difference rate. The result showed that exposure to night-time noise tends to increase the risk of allergic disease. With further studies, the result of our study may serve as supplementary data when determining noise limits.
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Affiliation(s)
- A-Ram Kim
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Ulsan University Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan 44033, Korea; (A.-R.K.); (S.-H.L.)
| | - Jin-Hee Bang
- Environmental Health Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan 44033, Korea;
| | - Sung-Hee Lee
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Ulsan University Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan 44033, Korea; (A.-R.K.); (S.-H.L.)
| | - Jiho Lee
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Ulsan University Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan 44033, Korea; (A.-R.K.); (S.-H.L.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-52-250-7288
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Liang X, Tang X, Liu M, Liang X, Chen L, Chen X, Zuo L, Ren Y, Hao G. Associations of self-reported residential noise exposure with obesity and hypertension in children and adolescents. Front Pediatr 2022; 10:902868. [PMID: 36034553 PMCID: PMC9411713 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2022.902868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epidemiologic evidence linking environmental noise to obesity and hypertension remains scarce, especially in children, and the results remain inconclusive. This study aims to examine the cross-sectional associations of self-reported residential noise exposure with obesity and hypertension in children and adolescents. METHODS As an ongoing study, a representative sample of the children aged 6-9 years in Chongqing were selected in 2014. In 2019, self-reported residential noise (answer categories: "very quiet," "moderately quiet," "slightly quiet," and "not at all quiet") data were collected, and 3,412 participants with completed data were included in the analyses. RESULTS Participants living in a quieter area had a significantly lower risk of obesity than those living in a noisy area (very quiet: OR = 0.50, 95%CI: 0.29-0.88, P = 0.015; moderately quiet: OR = 0.61, 95%CI: 0.36-1.02, P = 0.059). Similar associations were observed for abdominal obesity, although did not reach statistical significance. Consistently, residential noise exposure was significantly associated with body mass index (BMI) and waist-to-height ratio. Self-reported residential noise exposure was positively associated with systolic blood pressure (β = -1.808; 95%CI = -3.495, -0.110; P = 0.037). When sleep quality, study stress, BMI, and vegetable/fruits consumption were further adjusted, all effect estimates decreased, and no statistical association was observed between noise exposure and blood pressure. Furthermore, we found that the mediating effects of obesity on the associations of self-reported residential noise exposure with hypertension were 6.8% (% of total effect mediated = 0.068, 95%CI: -2.58, 3.99), although did not reach statistical significance. CONCLUSIONS Self-reported residential noise exposure was associated with a higher risk of obesity or abdominal obesity. Also, self-reported residential noise exposure was positively associated with hypertension, and obesity may partially mediate this association, but did not reach statistical significance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohua Liang
- National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics Department, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xian Tang
- National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics Department, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Mingliang Liu
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyue Liang
- National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics Department, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Li Chen
- Department of Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Georgia Prevention Institute, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
| | - Xia Chen
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lei Zuo
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanling Ren
- National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics Department, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Guang Hao
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
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Blume C, Schoch SF, Vienneau D, Röösli M, Kohler M, Moeller A, Kurth S, Usemann J. Association of transportation noise with sleep during the first year of life: A longitudinal study. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 203:111776. [PMID: 34329637 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.111776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Revised: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVES During infancy, adequate sleep is crucial for physical and neurocognitive development. In adults and children, night-time noise exposure is associated with sleep disturbances. However, whether and to what extent infants' sleep is affected, is unknown. Thus, this study investigated the relationship between nocturnal transportation noise and actimetry-derived habitual sleep behavior across the first year of life. METHODS In 144 healthy infants (63 girls), nocturnal (23:00-7:00) transportation noise (i.e., road, railway, and aircraft) was modelled at the infants' individual places of residence. Using actimetry, we recorded movement patterns for 11 days in a longitudinal design at 3, 6, and 12 months of age and derived the recently proposed core sleep composites of night-time sleep duration, activity, and variability. Using linear mixed-effects models, we determined associations between noise exposure and sleep composites. Sex, gestational age, parents' highest educational level, infants' age, and the existence of siblings served as control variables. RESULTS In models without interactions, night-time transportation noise was unrelated to sleep composites across the first year of life (p > .16). Exploratory analyses of an interaction between noise and the existence of siblings yielded an association between night-time transportation noise and sleep duration in infants without siblings only (p = .004). CONCLUSION In our study, sleep in infants during the first year of life was relatively robust against external perturbation by night-time transportation noise. However, particularly in children without siblings increasing night-time transportation noise reduced sleep duration. This suggests that the habitual noise environment may modulate individual susceptibility to adverse effects of noise on sleep.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine Blume
- Centre for Chronobiology, Psychiatric Hospital of the University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland; Transfaculty Research Platform Molecular and Cognitive Neurosciences, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Sarah F Schoch
- Department of Pulmonology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Center of Competence Sleep & Health Zurich, University of Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Danielle Vienneau
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland; University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Martin Röösli
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland; University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Malcolm Kohler
- Department of Pulmonology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Center of Competence Sleep & Health Zurich, University of Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Alexander Moeller
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, University Children's Hospital Zurich and Childhood Research Center, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Salome Kurth
- Department of Pulmonology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Center of Competence Sleep & Health Zurich, University of Zurich, Switzerland; Department of Psychology, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Jakob Usemann
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, University Children's Hospital Zurich and Childhood Research Center, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; University Children's Hospital Basel (UKBB), Basel, Switzerland.
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Malacarne D, Handakas E, Robinson O, Pineda E, Saez M, Chatzi L, Fecht D. The built environment as determinant of childhood obesity: A systematic literature review. Obes Rev 2022; 23 Suppl 1:e13385. [PMID: 34859950 DOI: 10.1111/obr.13385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
We evaluated the epidemiological evidence on the built environment and its link to childhood obesity, focusing on environmental factors such as traffic noise and air pollution, as well as physical factors potentially driving obesity-related behaviors, such as neighborhood walkability and availability and accessibility of parks and playgrounds. Eligible studies were (i) conducted on human children below the age of 18 years, (ii) focused on body size measurements in childhood, (iii) examined at least one built environment characteristic, (iv) reported effect sizes and associated confidence intervals, and (v) were published in English language. A z test, as alternative to the meta-analysis, was used to quantify associations due to heterogeneity in exposure and outcome definition. We found strong evidence for an association of traffic-related air pollution (nitrogen dioxide and nitrogen oxides exposure, p < 0.001) and built environment characteristics supportive of walking (street intersection density, p < 0.01 and access to parks, p < 0.001) with childhood obesity. We identified a lack of studies that account for interactions between different built environment exposures or verify the role and mechanism of important effect modifiers such as age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Malacarne
- MRC Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Evangelos Handakas
- MRC Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Oliver Robinson
- MRC Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Elisa Pineda
- Centre for Health Economics & Policy Innovation (CHEPI), Imperial College Business School, and School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Marc Saez
- Research Group on Statistics, Econometrics and Health (GRECS), University of Girona, Girona, Spain
- CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Leda Chatzi
- Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Daniela Fecht
- MRC Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
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9
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de Bont J, Márquez S, Fernández-Barrés S, Warembourg C, Koch S, Persavento C, Fochs S, Pey N, de Castro M, Fossati S, Nieuwenhuijsen M, Basagaña X, Casas M, Duarte-Salles T, Vrijheid M. Urban environment and obesity and weight-related behaviours in primary school children. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2021; 155:106700. [PMID: 34144474 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2021.106700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Revised: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Urban environments are characterised by many factors that may influence children's lifestyle and increase the risk of childhood obesity, but multiple urban exposures have scarcely been studied. OBJECTIVE We evaluated the association between multiple urban exposures and childhood obesity outcomes and weight-related behaviours. METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional study including 2213 children aged 9-12 years in Sabadell, Spain. We estimated ambient air pollution, green spaces, built and food environment, road traffic and road traffic noise at residential addresses through a total of 28 exposure variables in various buffers. Childhood obesity outcomes included body mass index (BMI), waist circumference and body fat. Weight-related behaviours included diet (fast food and sugar-sweetened beverage consumption), physical activity, sedentary behaviour, sleep duration and well-being. Associations between exposures (urban environment) and outcomes (obesity and behaviours) were estimated in single and multiple-exposure regression models and in a hierarchical clustering on principal components (HCPC) analysis. RESULTS Forty percent of children were overweight or obese. In single exposure models, very few associations were observed between the urban exposures and obesity outcomes or weight-related behaviours after correction for multiple testing. In multiple exposure models, PMcoarse, denser unhealthy food environment and land use mix were statistically significant associated with childhood obesity outcomes (e.g 17.7 facilities/km2 increase of unhealthy food environment (OR overweight/obesity status) = 1.20 [95% CI: 1.01; 1.44]). Cluster analysis identified 5 clusters of urban exposures. Compared to the most neutral cluster, the cluster with high air pollution, road traffic, and road noise levels was associated with a higher BMI and higher odds of overweight and obesity (β (zBMI) = 0.17, [95% CI: 0.01, 0.17]; OR (overweight/obesity) = 1.36, [95% CI: 0.99, 1.85]); the clusters were not associated with the weight-related behaviours. CONCLUSIONS This systematic study of many exposures in the urban environment suggests that an exposure pattern characterised by higher levels of ambient air pollution, road traffic and road traffic noise is associated with increased childhood obesity risk and that PMcoarse, land use mix and food environment are separately associated with obesity risk. These findings require follow-up in longitudinal studies and different settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeroen de Bont
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain; Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain; Fundació Institut Universitari per a la recerca a l'Atenció Primària de Salut Jordi Gol i Gurina (IDIAPJGol), Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra (Cerdanyola del Vallès), Spain
| | - Sandra Márquez
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain; Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sílvia Fernández-Barrés
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain; Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Charline Warembourg
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain; Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sarah Koch
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain; Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Cecilia Persavento
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain; Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Silvia Fochs
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain; Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Núria Pey
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain; Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Montserrat de Castro
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain; Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Serena Fossati
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain; Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mark Nieuwenhuijsen
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain; Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Xavier Basagaña
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain; Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maribel Casas
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain; Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Talita Duarte-Salles
- Fundació Institut Universitari per a la recerca a l'Atenció Primària de Salut Jordi Gol i Gurina (IDIAPJGol), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Martine Vrijheid
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain; Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain.
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10
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Machado-Rodrigues AM, Rodrigues D, Gama A, Nogueira H, Mascarenhas LP, Padez C. Sleep duration, risk of obesity, and parental perceptions of residential neighborhood environments in 6-9 years-old children. Am J Hum Biol 2021; 34:e23668. [PMID: 34410021 DOI: 10.1002/ajhb.23668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Revised: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The present study aimed to analyze the association between healthy sleep duration of children and the parental perception of the social/built environment. METHODS A cross-sectional study was done and a sample of 8273 children (4183 females) aged 6-9 years was observed. Height (cm) and weight (Kg) were measured, and the body mass index (BMI) was calculated. Participants were classified as normal weight or overweight/obese. Sleep habits, sedentary behaviors (i.e., TV viewing) and environmental variables were assessed by questionnaire. Logistic regressions were used, with adjustments for age, sex, BMI, and sedentary time. RESULTS Children whose parents reported a positive perception of the built environment in the residential area were 1.21 times more likely to have regular sleep habits during weekdays. Furthermore, children whose parents reported a negative perception of the social environment and safety were 81% more likely to have irregular sleep habits during the weekdays. CONCLUSIONS The present study revealed a positive association between regular sleep during the weekdays and the parental perception of the social/built environment (land use and urban design).
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Affiliation(s)
- Aristides M Machado-Rodrigues
- Research Centre for Anthropology and Health, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.,High School of Education, Ci&DEI, Polytechnic Institute of Viseu, Viseu, Portugal
| | - Daniela Rodrigues
- Research Centre for Anthropology and Health, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Augusta Gama
- Research Centre for Anthropology and Health, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Helena Nogueira
- Research Centre for Anthropology and Health, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Luís P Mascarenhas
- UniCentro, Department of Physical Education, Midwestern Paraná State University, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Cristina Padez
- Research Centre for Anthropology and Health, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
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11
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Wang Z, Zhao L, Huang Q, Hong A, Yu C, Xiao Q, Zou B, Ji S, Zhang L, Zou K, Ning Y, Zhang J, Jia P. Traffic-related environmental factors and childhood obesity: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Obes Rev 2021; 22 Suppl 1:e12995. [PMID: 32003149 PMCID: PMC7988540 DOI: 10.1111/obr.12995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2019] [Accepted: 11/29/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
A growing body of research links traffic-related environmental factors to childhood obesity; however, the evidence is still inconclusive. This review aims to fill this important research gap by systematically reviewing existing research on the relationship between traffic-related environmental factors and childhood obesity. Based on the inclusion criteria, 39 studies are selected with environmental factors of interest, including traffic flow, traffic pollution, traffic noise, and traffic safety. Weight-related behaviours include active travel/transport, physical activity (PA), and intake of a high trans-fat diet or stress symptoms; weight-related outcomes are mainly body mass index (BMI) or BMI z-scores and overweight/obesity. Of 16 studies of weight-related behaviours, significant associations are reported in 11 out of 12 studies on traffic flow (two positively and nine negatively associated with PA), five out of six studies on traffic safety (four positively and one negatively associated with PA), one study on traffic pollution (positively with unhealthy food consumption), and one study on traffic noise (negatively associated with PA). Among 23 studies of weight-related outcomes, significant associations are reported in six out of 14 studies on traffic flow (five positively and one negatively associated with obesity outcome), seven out of 10 studies on traffic pollution (all positively associated with obesity outcome), and two out of five on traffic noise (all positively associated with obesity outcome). Our findings show that long-term traffic pollution is weakly positively associated with children's BMI growth, and traffic flow, pollution, and noise could affect weight-related behaviours. Associations between traffic density and noise and weight status are rather inconclusive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuo Wang
- Department of Chronic and Non-communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Sichuan Center of Disease Control and Prevention, Chengdu, China
| | - Li Zhao
- Department of Health Policy and Management, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.,Healthy Food Evaluation Research Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.,International Institute of Spatial Lifecourse Epidemiology (ISLE), Hong Kong, China
| | - Qin Huang
- Department of Health Policy and Management, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Andy Hong
- International Institute of Spatial Lifecourse Epidemiology (ISLE), Hong Kong, China.,The George Institute for Global Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Chao Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qian Xiao
- International Institute of Spatial Lifecourse Epidemiology (ISLE), Hong Kong, China.,Department of Health and Human Physiology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa.,Department of Epidemiology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - Bin Zou
- School of Geosciences and Info-physics, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Shuming Ji
- Department of Health Policy and Management, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Longhao Zhang
- Office of "Double First Class" Construction, West China School of Medicine/West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Kun Zou
- Department of Health Policy and Management, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yi Ning
- International Institute of Spatial Lifecourse Epidemiology (ISLE), Hong Kong, China.,Meinian Institute of Health, Beijing, China
| | - Junfeng Zhang
- Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina.,Global Health Institute, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina.,BIC-ESAT and SKL-ESPC, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China.,Duke Kunshan University, Kunshan, Jiangsu, China
| | - Peng Jia
- International Institute of Spatial Lifecourse Epidemiology (ISLE), Hong Kong, China.,Faculty of Geo-information Science and Earth Observation, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands.,Department of Land Surveying and Geo-Informatics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
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12
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Starling AP, Moore BF, Thomas DSK, Peel JL, Zhang W, Adgate JL, Magzamen S, Martenies SE, Allshouse WB, Dabelea D. Prenatal exposure to traffic and ambient air pollution and infant weight and adiposity: The Healthy Start study. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2020; 182:109130. [PMID: 32069764 PMCID: PMC7394733 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2020.109130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2019] [Revised: 01/08/2020] [Accepted: 01/09/2020] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prenatal exposures to ambient air pollution and traffic have been associated with adverse birth outcomes, and may also lead to an increased risk of obesity. Obesity risk may be reflected in changes in body composition in infancy. OBJECTIVE To estimate associations between prenatal ambient air pollution and traffic exposure, and infant weight and adiposity in a Colorado-based prospective cohort study. METHODS Participants were 1125 mother-infant pairs with term births. Birth weight was recorded from medical records and body composition measures (fat mass, fat-free mass, and adiposity [percent fat mass]) were evaluated via air displacement plethysmography at birth (n = 951) and at ~5 months (n = 574). Maternal residential address was used to calculate distance to nearest roadway, traffic density, and ambient concentrations of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and ozone (O3) via inverse-distance weighted interpolation of stationary monitoring data, averaged by trimester and throughout pregnancy. Adjusted linear regression models estimated associations between exposures and infant weight and body composition. RESULTS Participants were urban residents and diverse in race/ethnicity and socioeconomic status. Average ambient air pollutant concentrations were generally low; the median, interquartile range (IQR), and range of third trimester concentrations were 7.3 μg/m3 (IQR: 1.3, range: 3.3-12.7) for PM2.5 and 46.3 ppb (IQR: 18.4, range: 21.7-63.2) for 8-h maximum O3. Overall there were few associations between traffic and air pollution exposures and infant outcomes. Third trimester O3 was associated with greater adiposity at follow-up (2.2% per IQR, 95% CI 0.1, 4.3), and with greater rates of change in fat mass (1.8 g/day, 95% CI 0.5, 3.2) and adiposity (2.1%/100 days, 95% CI 0.4, 3.7) from birth to follow-up. CONCLUSIONS We found limited evidence of an association between prenatal traffic and ambient air pollution exposure and infant body composition. Suggestive associations between prenatal ozone exposure and early postnatal changes in body composition merit further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne P Starling
- Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA; Lifecourse Epidemiology of Adiposity and Diabetes (LEAD) Center, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA.
| | - Brianna F Moore
- Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA; Lifecourse Epidemiology of Adiposity and Diabetes (LEAD) Center, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Deborah S K Thomas
- Department of Geography and Earth Sciences, University of North Carolina Charlotte, NC, USA
| | - Jennifer L Peel
- Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Weiming Zhang
- Department of Biostatistics and Informatics, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - John L Adgate
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Sheryl Magzamen
- Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA; Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Sheena E Martenies
- Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - William B Allshouse
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Dana Dabelea
- Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA; Lifecourse Epidemiology of Adiposity and Diabetes (LEAD) Center, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA; Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
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13
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Lamichhane N, Olsen NJ, Mortensen EL, Obel C, Heitmann BL, Händel MN. Associations between maternal stress during pregnancy and offspring obesity risk later in life-A systematic literature review. Obes Rev 2020; 21:e12951. [PMID: 31642601 DOI: 10.1111/obr.12951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2019] [Revised: 08/27/2019] [Accepted: 08/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to prenatal stress is linked to health consequences in the offspring. The objective of this systematic review was to synthesize and critically appraise primary human studies that have examined the association between prenatal exposure to psychosocial stress, or adverse life events, stress hormones, and later risk of developing obesity. We searched Medline, Embase, ScienceDirect, WorldCat, and OpenGrey up to January 2019 to identify relevant literature. We critically appraised the identified studies, assessed their quality, and summarized their findings. From a total of 5930 search results and references of studies that authors considered pertinent, we identified 15 relevant studies among which three were of high quality and the rest were medium-quality studies. We found direct association between exposure to stress in fetal life and different measures of obesity in the offspring in eight studies. The direct association was usually observed in studies that involved measurement of stress among mothers exposed to natural disasters. Due to lack of adequate and comparable data from the included studies, we did not conduct a meta-analysis. We concluded that there may be direct association between prenatal stress and later obesity, but further research with more comparable sources of stressors is recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nishan Lamichhane
- Research Unit for Dietary Studies, The Parker Institute, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Nanna Julie Olsen
- Research Unit for Dietary Studies, The Parker Institute, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Erik Lykke Mortensen
- Section of Environmental Health, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Center for Healthy Aging, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Carsten Obel
- Faculty of Health, Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Berit Lilienthal Heitmann
- Research Unit for Dietary Studies, The Parker Institute, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark.,The Boden Institute of Obesity, Nutrition, Exercise & Eating Disorders, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.,Department of Public Health, Section for General Practice, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Mina Nicole Händel
- Research Unit for Dietary Studies, The Parker Institute, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
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14
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Sørensen M, Sørensen TIA, Ketzel M, Raaschou-Nielsen O. Exposure to traffic noise and gestational weight gain and postpartum weight retention: a cohort study. Occup Environ Med 2019; 77:107-114. [PMID: 31801799 DOI: 10.1136/oemed-2019-105843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2019] [Revised: 08/18/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Transportation noise has been associated with markers of obesity. We aimed to investigate whether road traffic and railway noise were associated with weight gain during and after pregnancy. METHODS Among the women participating in the Danish National Birth Cohort, 74 065 reported on weight before and during the pregnancy (gestational week 30) and 52 661 reported on weight before and 18 months after pregnancy. Residential address history from conception to 18 months after pregnancy was obtained in national registers, and road traffic and railway noise were modelled for all addresses. Associations between noise and gestational weight gain (GWG) and postpartum weight retention (PPWR) were analysed using the linear and log-binomial regression. RESULTS A 10 dB(A) higher road traffic noise was associated with an increase in GWG of 3.8 g/week (95% CI 2.3 to 5.3) and PPWR of 0.09 kg (95% CI 0.02 to 0.16). For PPWR, this association seemed confined to women who were overweight (0.17 kg, 95% CI 0.02 to 0.32) or obese (0.49 kg, 95% CI 0.26 to 0.73) before pregnancy. Further adjustment by nitrogen dioxide reduced GWG risk estimates and slightly increased PPWR risk estimates. Railway noise ≥65 dB(A) was associated with an increase in GWG of 4.5 g/week (95% CI -2.7 to 11.6) and PPWR of 0.26 kg (95% CI -0.09 to 0.60) compared with levels <55 dB(A). CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that road traffic noise is associated with weight gain during and after the pregnancy, which adds to the literature linking transportation noise to adiposity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mette Sørensen
- Diet, Genes and Environment, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark .,Department of Natural Science and Environment, Roskilde University, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Thorkild I A Sørensen
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Department of Public Health, Section of Epidemiology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Matthias Ketzel
- Department of Environmental Science, Aarhus University, Roskilde, Denmark.,Global Centre for Clean Air Research (GCARE), University of Surrey, Guildford, UK
| | - Ole Raaschou-Nielsen
- Diet, Genes and Environment, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Department of Environmental Science, Aarhus University, Roskilde, Denmark
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15
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Röösli M, Brink M, Rudzik F, Cajochen C, Ragettli MS, Flückiger B, Pieren R, Vienneau D, Wunderli JM. Associations of Various Nighttime Noise Exposure Indicators with Objective Sleep Efficiency and Self-Reported Sleep Quality: A Field Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:E3790. [PMID: 31600891 PMCID: PMC6843841 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16203790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2019] [Revised: 10/02/2019] [Accepted: 10/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
It is unclear which noise exposure time window and noise characteristics during nighttime are most detrimental for sleep quality in real-life settings. We conducted a field study with 105 volunteers wearing a wrist actimeter to record their sleep during seven days, together with concurrent outdoor noise measurements at their bedroom window. Actimetry-recorded sleep latency increased by 5.6 min (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.6 to 9.6 min) per 10 dB(A) increase in noise exposure during the first hour after bedtime. Actimetry-assessed sleep efficiency was significantly reduced by 2%-3% per 10 dB(A) increase in measured outdoor noise (Leq, 1h) for the last three hours of sleep. For self-reported sleepiness, noise exposure during the last hour prior to wake-up was most crucial, with an increase in the sleepiness score of 0.31 units (95% CI: 0.08 to 0.54) per 10 dB(A) Leq,1h. Associations for estimated indoor noise were not more pronounced than for outdoor noise. Taking noise events into consideration in addition to equivalent sound pressure levels (Leq) only marginally improved the statistical models. Our study provides evidence that matching the nighttime noise exposure time window to the individual's diurnal sleep-wake pattern results in a better estimate of detrimental nighttime noise effects on sleep. We found that noise exposure at the beginning and the end of the sleep is most crucial for sleep quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Röösli
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, 4051 Basel, Switzerland.
- University of Basel, 4003 Basel, Switzerland.
| | - Mark Brink
- Federal Office for the Environment, 3003 Bern, Switzerland.
| | - Franziska Rudzik
- Centre for Chronobiology, Psychiatric Hospital of the University of Basel, 4002 Basel, Switzerland.
- Transfaculty Research Platform Molecular and Cognitive Neurosciences, University of Basel, 4003 Basel, Switzerland.
| | - Christian Cajochen
- Centre for Chronobiology, Psychiatric Hospital of the University of Basel, 4002 Basel, Switzerland.
- Transfaculty Research Platform Molecular and Cognitive Neurosciences, University of Basel, 4003 Basel, Switzerland.
| | - Martina S Ragettli
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, 4051 Basel, Switzerland.
- University of Basel, 4003 Basel, Switzerland.
| | - Benjamin Flückiger
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, 4051 Basel, Switzerland.
- University of Basel, 4003 Basel, Switzerland.
| | - Reto Pieren
- Empa, Laboratory for Acoustics/Noise Control, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland.
| | - Danielle Vienneau
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, 4051 Basel, Switzerland.
- University of Basel, 4003 Basel, Switzerland.
| | - Jean-Marc Wunderli
- Empa, Laboratory for Acoustics/Noise Control, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland.
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16
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Wilding S, Ziauddeen N, Smith D, Roderick P, Alwan NA. Maternal and early-life area-level characteristics and childhood adiposity: A systematic review. Obes Rev 2019; 20:1093-1105. [PMID: 31034734 PMCID: PMC6612509 DOI: 10.1111/obr.12861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2019] [Revised: 02/22/2019] [Accepted: 03/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
There is a cross-sectional evidence that physical and social environments are linked to childhood adiposity. Evidence is scarce for the role of preconception, pregnancy, and early-life area-level characteristics in shaping childhood adiposity. We aimed to systematically review evidence for associations between physical and social environmental conditions experienced in these periods and childhood adiposity. Published literature was identified from the CINAHL, Embase, MEDLINE, and PsycINFO databases. Longitudinal studies linking an area-level environmental exposure in the preconception, pregnancy, or early-life (less than 1 year) periods and a measure of adiposity between the ages of 2 and 12 years were examined. Eight studies in the United States, Denmark, South Korea, United Kingdom, and Canada satisfied the inclusion criteria. Storm-induced maternal stress, nitrogen oxides exposure, traffic noise, and proximity were associated with greater childhood adiposity. Frequent neighbourhood disturbances were associated with lower adiposity, while particulate matter exposure was associated with both higher and lower adiposity in childhood. Area-level characteristics may play a role in the ongoing obesity epidemic. There is a limited evidence of longitudinal associations between preconception, pregnancy, and early-life area-level characteristics with childhood adiposity. Numerous factors that appear important in cross-sectional research have yet to be assessed longitudinally, both individually and in combination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sam Wilding
- School of Primary Care and Population Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Nida Ziauddeen
- School of Primary Care and Population Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Dianna Smith
- School of Geography and Environmental Science, Faculty of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Paul Roderick
- School of Primary Care and Population Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Nisreen A Alwan
- School of Primary Care and Population Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK.,NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
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17
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Systematic review and meta-analysis on the relationship between prenatal stress and metabolic syndrome intermediate phenotypes. Int J Obes (Lond) 2019; 44:1-12. [PMID: 31332277 DOI: 10.1038/s41366-019-0423-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2019] [Revised: 05/30/2019] [Accepted: 06/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) can be considered as a consequence of a complex interplay between genetic and environmental factors and can be influenced by changes in the environment early in life. Prenatal stress (PS) exposure likely represents an important adverse intrauterine environment that may impact the biology of the developing organism. The aim of this study was to quantitatively synthesize the available data on the effects of PS on offspring's obesity, estimated indirectly by body mass index (BMI) and body fat; blood pressure, plasma glucose and blood lipid concentrations (triglycerides and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol). METHODS Literature searches for eligible studies on PubMed were conducted until October 8, 2018. Full text review yielded 24 publications for inclusion into the systematic review. Meta-analyses were performed for the outcomes BMI and body fat. 62 effect sizes from 19 studies together with relevant moderators were collected. Summary estimates were calculated by using random-effects model. RESULTS The combined standardized mean difference (d) for the relation between BMI and PS indicated that despite significant heterogeneity, stress exposure of expectant mothers was associated with increased BMI of their offspring [d (95% CI) = 0.268 (0.191; 0.345)]. Both objective and subjective stress have been linked to increased overweight. Preliminary results of the relationship between PS and body fat suggested that the contribution of PS to body fat should be at least further considered [d (95% CI) = 0.167 (0.016; 0.317)]. Evidence from a limited number of published studies do not sustains an effect on blood pressure, glucose metabolism or circulating lipids, however these outcomes have only been scarcely investigated. CONCLUSIONS A direct association between PS and BMI was found and further studies are needed to confirm the relationship between maternal stress during gestation and body fat. Overall, findings suggest that PS could contribute to alterations to the post-natal offspring phenotype.
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18
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Enoksson Wallas A, Eriksson C, Edstedt Bonamy AK, Gruzieva O, Kull I, Ögren M, Pyko A, Sjöström M, Pershagen G. Traffic noise and other determinants of blood pressure in adolescence. Int J Hyg Environ Health 2019; 222:824-830. [PMID: 31036481 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheh.2019.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2019] [Revised: 04/23/2019] [Accepted: 04/23/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exposure to traffic noise has been associated with hypertension in adults but the evidence in adolescents is limited. We investigated long-term road traffic noise exposure, maternal occupational noise during pregnancy and other factors in relation to blood pressure and prehypertension at 16 years of age. METHODS Systolic and diastolic blood pressure were measured in 2597 adolescents from the Swedish BAMSE birth cohort. Levels of road traffic noise were estimated at home addresses during lifetime and for the mother during pregnancy as well as maternal occupational noise exposure during pregnancy. Exposure to NOx from local sources was also assessed. Associations between noise or NOx exposure and blood pressure or prehypertension were analysed using linear and logistic regression. RESULTS The prevalence of prehypertension was higher among males and in those with overweight, low physical activity or overweight mothers. No strong or consistent associations were observed between pre- or postnatal exposure to road traffic noise and blood pressure at 16 years of age. However, inverse associations were suggested for systolic or diastolic blood pressure and prehypertension, which reached statistical significance among males (OR 0.80 per 10 dB Lden, 95% CI 0.65-0.99) and those with maternal occupational noise exposure ≥ 70 dB LAeq8h (OR 0.60, 95% CI 0.41-0.87). On the other hand, occupational noise exposure during pregnancy tended to increase systolic blood pressure and prehypertension risk in adolescence. No associations were seen for NOx exposure. CONCLUSION No conclusive associations were observed between pre- or postnatal noise exposure and blood pressure or prehypertension in adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Charlotta Eriksson
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Centre for Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Stockholm County Council, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anna-Karin Edstedt Bonamy
- Clinical Epidemiology Division, Department of Medicine Solna, Sweden; Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Sweden
| | - Olena Gruzieva
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Centre for Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Stockholm County Council, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Inger Kull
- Department of Clinical Science and Education, Södersjukhuset, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Sachs' Children and Youth Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mikael Ögren
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Andrei Pyko
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Centre for Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Stockholm County Council, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mattias Sjöström
- Centre for Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Stockholm County Council, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Göran Pershagen
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Centre for Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Stockholm County Council, Stockholm, Sweden
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19
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Abstract
Background: Being overweight constitutes a health risk, and the proportion of overweight and obese children is increasing. It has been argued that road traffic noise could be linked to adiposity through its influence on sleep and stress. Few studies, to our knowledge, have investigated whether noise and adiposity are associated. Most of them were on adults, and we are not aware of any longitudinal study using repeated measures. Objectives: The present longitudinal study investigated whether road traffic noise exposures in pregnancy (N = 6,963; obs = 22,975) or childhood (N = 6,403; obs = 14,585) were associated with body mass index (BMI) trajectories in children. Methods: We obtained information on BMI and covariates from questionnaires used in the Norwegian Mother and Child Cohort Study, Statistics Norway, and Medical Birth Registry of Norway. We modeled road traffic noise for the most exposed façade of children’s present and historical addresses at 6 time points from pregnancy to age 8. We investigated effects on BMI trajectories using repeated measures and linear mixed models. Results: The results indicated that BMI curves depended on road traffic noise exposure during pregnancy, but not on exposure during childhood. Children in the highest decile of traffic noise exposure had increased BMI, with 0.35 kg/m2 more than children in the lowest decile, from birth to age 8 years. Conclusions: The results indicate that exposure to road traffic noise during pregnancy may be associated with children’s BMI trajectories. Future studies should investigate this further, using anthropometric measures such as waist-hip ratio and skinfold thickness, in addition to BMI.
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Wallas A, Ekström S, Bergström A, Eriksson C, Gruzieva O, Sjöström M, Pyko A, Ögren M, Bottai M, Pershagen G. Traffic noise exposure in relation to adverse birth outcomes and body mass between birth and adolescence. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2019; 169:362-367. [PMID: 30513507 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2018.11.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2018] [Revised: 11/21/2018] [Accepted: 11/22/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is growing evidence that traffic noise exposure is associated with adiposity among adults but data in children are limited. OBJECTIVE This longitudinal study examined whether pre- and postnatal noise exposure is associated with body mass index (BMI) between birth and adolescence or with adverse birth outcomes. METHODS The study was conducted using data from the BAMSE birth cohort, which included 4089 children born in Stockholm County, Sweden. Data on BMI from birth to adolescence were collected via questionnaires, clinical examinations and health care records. A national register provided information on birth outcomes. Road traffic noise levels at the most exposed façade were estimated for all residences of the children during follow-up, as well as of their mothers during pregnancy, and time-weighted average exposure was calculated for different time windows. Maternal occupational noise exposure was obtained from a job-exposure-matrix. Logistic- and quantile regression models were used to estimate associations between noise exposure and health outcomes. RESULTS We found residential road traffic noise exposure to be associated with increases in BMI from school age to adolescence, but not at earlier ages. In the age groups 8-11 years and 12-16 years the BMI increments were 0.11 kg/m2 per 10 dB Lden (95% CI 0.08-0.13) and 0.20 kg/m2 per 10 dB Lden (95% CI 0.17-0.22), respectively. Maternal noise exposure during pregnancy was generally unrelated to adverse birth outcomes and BMI from birth to adolescence in the children, however, traffic noise exposure was associated with a decreased risk of preterm birth CONCLUSION: Residential road traffic noise exposure was associated with BMI increases from school age to adolescence, but not at earlier ages. Maternal occupational noise exposure or exposure from road traffic during pregnancy were not consistently related to birth outcomes or BMI from birth to adolescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alva Wallas
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Sandra Ekström
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Centre for Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Stockholm County Council, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anna Bergström
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Centre for Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Stockholm County Council, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Charlotta Eriksson
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Centre for Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Stockholm County Council, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Olena Gruzieva
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Centre for Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Stockholm County Council, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mattias Sjöström
- Centre for Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Stockholm County Council, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Andrei Pyko
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Centre for Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Stockholm County Council, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mikael Ögren
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Matteo Bottai
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Göran Pershagen
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Centre for Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Stockholm County Council, Stockholm, Sweden
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21
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Bloemsma LD, Wijga AH, Klompmaker JO, Janssen NAH, Smit HA, Koppelman GH, Brunekreef B, Lebret E, Hoek G, Gehring U. The associations of air pollution, traffic noise and green space with overweight throughout childhood: The PIAMA birth cohort study. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2019; 169:348-356. [PMID: 30504077 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2018.11.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2018] [Revised: 11/13/2018] [Accepted: 11/17/2018] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Air pollution, traffic noise and absence of green space may contribute to the development of overweight in children. OBJECTIVES To investigate the combined associations of air pollution, traffic noise and green space with overweight throughout childhood. METHODS We used data for 3680 participants of the Dutch PIAMA birth cohort. We estimated exposure to air pollution, traffic noise and green space (i.e. the average Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and percentages of green space in circular buffers of 300 m and 3000 m) at the children's home addresses at the time of parental reported weight and height measurements. Associations of these exposures with overweight from age 3 to 17 years were analyzed by generalized linear mixed models, adjusting for potential confounders. Odds ratios (OR's) are presented for an interquartile range increase in exposure. RESULTS odds of being overweight increased with increasing exposure to NO2 (adjusted OR 1.40 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.12-1.74] per 8.90 µg/m3) and tended to decrease with increasing exposure to green space in a 3000 m buffer (adjusted OR 0.86 [95% CI 0.71-1.04] per 0.13 increase in the NDVI; adjusted OR 0.86 [95% CI 0.71-1.03] per 29.5% increase in the total percentage of green space). After adjustment for NO2, the associations with green space in a 3000 m buffer weakened. No associations of traffic noise with overweight throughout childhood were found. In children living in an urban area, living further away from a park was associated with a lower odds of being overweight (adjusted OR 0.67 [95% CI 0.52-0.85] per 359.6 m). CONCLUSIONS Exposure to traffic-related air pollution, but not traffic noise or green space, may contribute to childhood overweight. Future studies examining the associations of green space with childhood overweight should account for air pollution exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lizan D Bloemsma
- National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, the Netherlands; Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences (IRAS), Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
| | - Alet H Wijga
- National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, the Netherlands
| | - Jochem O Klompmaker
- National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, the Netherlands; Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences (IRAS), Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Nicole A H Janssen
- National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, the Netherlands
| | - Henriëtte A Smit
- Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Gerard H Koppelman
- Department of Pediatric Pulmonology and Pediatric Allergology, Beatrix Children's Hospital, UMCG, GRIAC Research Institute, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Bert Brunekreef
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences (IRAS), Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Erik Lebret
- National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, the Netherlands; Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences (IRAS), Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Gerard Hoek
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences (IRAS), Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Ulrike Gehring
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences (IRAS), Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
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Noise Mapping Through Mobile Crowdsourcing for Enhanced Living Environments. LECTURE NOTES IN COMPUTER SCIENCE 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-22744-9_52] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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23
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Early maternal perceived stress and children's BMI: longitudinal impact and influencing factors. BMC Public Health 2018; 18:1211. [PMID: 30376822 PMCID: PMC6208039 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-018-6110-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2018] [Accepted: 10/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Maternal perceived stress has been discussed to contribute to the development of childhood overweight. Our aim was to investigate the longitudinal relationship of early maternal perceived stress and BMI z-scores in preschool children (≤ five years). METHODS A longitudinal analysis was conducted in 498 mother-child pairs of the German prospective birth cohort LINA with information on maternal perceived stress during pregnancy, one and two years after birth. BMI z-scores were based on annual measurements of children's weight/height and calculated based on WHO reference data. General estimation equations were applied to evaluate the impact of maternal stress on children's longitudinal BMI z-scores. Potential stressors contributing to the perceived stress of the mother were assessed by linear regression models. Using mediation analyses we evaluated the relationship between stressors, maternal perceived stress, and children's BMI z-score development. RESULTS Postnatal maternal stress during the first year after birth had a positive longitudinal relationship with children's BMI z-scores up to the age of five years. Gender-stratified analyses revealed that only girls showed this positive association while boy's BMI z-scores were unaffected by maternal stress. We identified three neighborhood strains and two socio-demographic factors, which contributed to the maternal perceived stress level. Stressors themselves did not directly affect girl's BMI z-scores but rather mediated their effect through the perceived stress level. CONCLUSIONS While different stressors contribute to maternal stress, the perceived stress level - rather than the stressors themselves - is strongly positively associated with BMI z-score development in girls.
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An R, Wang J, Ashrafi SA, Yang Y, Guan C. Chronic Noise Exposure and Adiposity: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Am J Prev Med 2018; 55:403-411. [PMID: 30122217 DOI: 10.1016/j.amepre.2018.04.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2017] [Revised: 03/28/2018] [Accepted: 04/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Noise is a key environmental stressor affecting millions of people worldwide on a daily basis. Chronic exposure to noise may elevate the risk of adiposity through sleep deprivation and heightened stress level. EVIDENCE ACQUISITION A literature search was conducted in the PubMed, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library for articles published until February 20, 2018, that assessed the relationship between noise and adiposity. A standardized data extraction form was used to collect methodologic and outcome variables from each included study. EVIDENCE SYNTHESIS Eleven studies were identified, among which seven reported a positive association between chronic exposure to noise and adiposity. Compared with their counterparts exposed to a lower noise level, adults chronically exposed to a noise level above 55-60 dBA were associated with a higher waist circumference by 7.5 mm per year (95% CI=3.6, 11.4, I2=0.0%). An increase in chronic exposure to noise by 10 dBA was found to be associated with a higher waist circumference by 7.0 mm per year (95% CI=2.5, 11.6, I2=93.9%) in the random effect model but not the inverse variance heterogeneity model. Chronic noise exposure was not found to be associated with BMI. CONCLUSIONS Noise tends to be positively associated with waist circumference but not BMI in adults, but current evidence remains limited. Future studies should assess the impact of noise on adiposity in alternative settings and across population subgroups and geographic areas, examine different sources of noise, and elucidate the biomedical and psychosocial pathways linking noise to adiposity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruopeng An
- Department of Kinesiology and Community Health, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, Illinois.
| | - Junjie Wang
- Department of Kinesiology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | | | - Yan Yang
- Department of Kinesiology and Community Health, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, Illinois
| | - Chenghua Guan
- School of Economics and Resource Management, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
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Zare Sakhvidi F, Zare Sakhvidi MJ, Mehrparvar AH, Dzhambov AM. Environmental Noise Exposure and Neurodevelopmental and Mental Health Problems in Children: a Systematic Review. Curr Environ Health Rep 2018; 5:365-374. [DOI: 10.1007/s40572-018-0208-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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26
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Münzel T, Sørensen M, Schmidt F, Schmidt E, Steven S, Kröller-Schön S, Daiber A. The Adverse Effects of Environmental Noise Exposure on Oxidative Stress and Cardiovascular Risk. Antioxid Redox Signal 2018; 28:873-908. [PMID: 29350061 PMCID: PMC5898791 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2017.7118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2017] [Revised: 11/11/2017] [Accepted: 11/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Epidemiological studies have provided evidence that traffic noise exposure is linked to cardiovascular diseases such as arterial hypertension, myocardial infarction, and stroke. Noise is a nonspecific stressor that activates the autonomous nervous system and endocrine signaling. According to the noise reaction model introduced by Babisch and colleagues, chronic low levels of noise can cause so-called nonauditory effects, such as disturbances of activity, sleep, and communication, which can trigger a number of emotional responses, including annoyance and subsequent stress. Chronic stress in turn is associated with cardiovascular risk factors, comprising increased blood pressure and dyslipidemia, increased blood viscosity and blood glucose, and activation of blood clotting factors, in animal models and humans. Persistent chronic noise exposure increases the risk of cardiometabolic diseases, including arterial hypertension, coronary artery disease, diabetes mellitus type 2, and stroke. Recently, we demonstrated that aircraft noise exposure during nighttime can induce endothelial dysfunction in healthy subjects and is even more pronounced in coronary artery disease patients. Importantly, impaired endothelial function was ameliorated by acute oral treatment with the antioxidant vitamin C, suggesting that excessive production of reactive oxygen species contributes to this phenomenon. More recently, we introduced a novel animal model of aircraft noise exposure characterizing the underlying molecular mechanisms leading to noise-dependent adverse oxidative stress-related effects on the vasculature. With the present review, we want to provide an overview of epidemiological, translational clinical, and preclinical noise research addressing the nonauditory, adverse effects of noise exposure with focus on oxidative stress. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 28, 873-908.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Münzel
- The Center for Cardiology, Cardiology 1, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany
| | - Mette Sørensen
- Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Frank Schmidt
- The Center for Cardiology, Cardiology 1, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany
| | - Erwin Schmidt
- Institute for Molecular Genetics, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Sebastian Steven
- The Center for Cardiology, Cardiology 1, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany
| | - Swenja Kröller-Schön
- The Center for Cardiology, Cardiology 1, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany
| | - Andreas Daiber
- The Center for Cardiology, Cardiology 1, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany
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27
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Kempen EV, Casas M, Pershagen G, Foraster M. WHO Environmental Noise Guidelines for the European Region: A Systematic Review on Environmental Noise and Cardiovascular and Metabolic Effects: A Summary. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2018; 15:E379. [PMID: 29470452 PMCID: PMC5858448 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph15020379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 268] [Impact Index Per Article: 44.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2017] [Revised: 02/02/2018] [Accepted: 02/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
To update the current state of evidence and assess its quality, we conducted a systematic review on the effects of environmental noise exposure on the cardio-metabolic systems as input for the new WHO environmental noise guidelines for the European Region. We identified 600 references relating to studies on effects of noise from road, rail and air traffic, and wind turbines on the cardio-metabolic system, published between January 2000 and August 2015. Only 61 studies, investigating different end points, included information enabling estimation of exposure response relationships. These studies were used for meta-analyses, and assessments of the quality of evidence using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE). A majority of the studies concerned traffic noise and hypertension, but most were cross-sectional and suffering from a high risk of bias. The most comprehensive evidence was available for road traffic noise and Ischeamic Heart Diseases (IHD). Combining the results of 7 longitudinal studies revealed a Relative Risk (RR) of 1.08 (95% CI: 1.01-1.15) per 10 dB (LDEN) for the association between road traffic noise and the incidence of IHD. We rated the quality of this evidence as high. Only a few studies reported on the association between transportation noise and stroke, diabetes, and/or obesity. The quality of evidence for these associations was rated from moderate to very low, depending on transportation noise source and outcome. For a comprehensive assessment of the impact of noise exposure on the cardiovascular and metabolic system, we need more and better quality evidence, primarily based on longitudinal studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elise van Kempen
- Dutch National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Centre for Sustainability, Environment and Health, P.O.-Box 1, 3729BA Bilthoven, The Netherlands.
| | - Maribel Casas
- Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), 08036 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Göran Pershagen
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institute, SE-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Maria Foraster
- Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), 08036 Barcelona, Spain.
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, University of Basel, 4002 Basel, Switzerland.
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28
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Pyko A, Eriksson C, Lind T, Mitkovskaya N, Wallas A, Ögren M, Östenson CG, Pershagen G. Long-Term Exposure to Transportation Noise in Relation to Development of Obesity—a Cohort Study. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES 2017; 125:117005. [PMID: 29161230 PMCID: PMC5947937 DOI: 10.1289/ehp1910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2017] [Revised: 10/05/2017] [Accepted: 10/09/2017] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exposure to transportation noise is widespread and has been associated with obesity in some studies. However, the evidence from longitudinal studies is limited and little is known about effects of combined exposure to different noise sources. OBJECTIVES The aim of this longitudinal study was to estimate the association between exposure to noise from road traffic, railways, or aircraft and the development of obesity markers. METHODS We assessed individual long-term exposure to road traffic, railway, and aircraft noise based on residential histories in a cohort of 5,184 men and women from Stockholm County. Noise levels were estimated at the most exposed façade of each dwelling. Waist circumference, weight, and height were measured at recruitment and after an average of 8.9 y of follow-up. Extensive information on potential confounders was available from repeated questionnaires and registers. RESULTS Waist circumference increased 0.04 cm/y (95% CI: 0.02, 0.06) and 0.16 cm/y (95% CI: 0.14, 0.17) per 10 dB Lden in relation to road traffic and aircraft noise, respectively. No corresponding association was seen for railway noise. Weight gain was only related to aircraft noise exposure. A similar pattern occurred for incidence rate ratios (IRRs) of central obesity and overweight. The IRR of central obesity increased from 1.22 (95% CI: 1.08, 1.39) in those exposed to only one source of transportation noise to 2.26 (95% CI: 1.55, 3.29) among those exposed to all three sources. CONCLUSION Our results link transportation noise exposure to development of obesity and suggest that combined exposure from different sources may be particularly harmful. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP1910.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrei Pyko
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Charlotta Eriksson
- Centre for Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Stockholm County Council, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Tomas Lind
- Centre for Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Stockholm County Council, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Natalya Mitkovskaya
- Department of Cardiology and Internal Medicine, Belorussian State Medical University, Minsk, Belarus
| | - Alva Wallas
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mikael Ögren
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Claes-Göran Östenson
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Göran Pershagen
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Centre for Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Stockholm County Council, Stockholm, Sweden
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29
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Dzhambov AM, Gatseva PD, Tokmakova MP, Zdravkov NG, Vladeva SV, Gencheva DG, Ivanova NG, Karastanev KI, Vasileva EV, Donchev AT. Association between community noise and adiposity in patients with cardiovascular disease. Noise Health 2017; 19:270-277. [PMID: 29319011 PMCID: PMC5771059 DOI: 10.4103/nah.nah_78_16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This study aimed to explore the effect of community noise on body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC) in patients with cardiovascular disease (CVD). MATERIALS AND METHODS A representative sample of 132 patients from three tertiary hospitals in the city of Plovdiv, Bulgaria was collected. Anthropometric measurements were linked to global noise annoyance (GNA) based on different residential noise annoyances, day-evening-night (Lden), and nighttime (Lnight) road traffic noise exposure. Noise map Lden and Lnight were determined at the living room and bedroom façades, respectively, and further corrected to indoor exposure based on the window-opening frequency and soundproofing insulation. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Results showed that BMI and WC increased (non-significantly) per 5 dB. The effect of indoor noise was stronger in comparison with that of outdoor noise. For indoor Lden, the effect was more pronounced in men, those with diabetes, family history of diabetes, high noise sensitivity, using solid fuel/gas for domestic heating/cooking, and living on the first floor. As regards indoor Lnight, its effect was more pronounced in those with low socioeconomic status, hearing loss, and using solid fuel/gas for domestic heating/cooking. GNA was associated with lower BMI and WC. CONCLUSION Road traffic noise was associated with an increase in adiposity in some potentially vulnerable patients with CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angel M. Dzhambov
- Department of Hygiene and Ecomedicine, Faculty of Public Health, Medical University of Plovdiv, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Penka D. Gatseva
- Department of Hygiene and Ecomedicine, Faculty of Public Health, Medical University of Plovdiv, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Mariya P. Tokmakova
- Section of Cardiology, First Department of Internal Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Plovdiv, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
- Clinic of Cardiology, UMHAT “Sv. Georgi” EAD Plovdiv, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Nikolai G. Zdravkov
- Section of Cardiology, First Department of Internal Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Plovdiv, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
- Clinic of Cardiology, UMHAT “Sv. Georgi” EAD Plovdiv, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Stefka V. Vladeva
- Medical College, Medical University of Plovdiv, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
- Clinic of Endocrinology and Metabolic Disorders, “Kaspela” University Hospital, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Dolina G. Gencheva
- Section of Cardiology, First Department of Internal Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Plovdiv, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
- Clinic of Cardiology, UMHAT “Sv. Georgi” EAD Plovdiv, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Nevena G. Ivanova
- Department of Urology and General Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Plovdiv, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
- “St. Karidad” Hospital, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Krasimir I. Karastanev
- Section of Cardiology, First Department of Internal Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Plovdiv, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
- Clinic of Cardiology, UMHAT “Sv. Georgi” EAD Plovdiv, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Emanuela V. Vasileva
- Clinic of Endocrinology and Metabolic Disorders, “Kaspela” University Hospital, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
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Markevych I, Schoierer J, Hartig T, Chudnovsky A, Hystad P, Dzhambov AM, de Vries S, Triguero-Mas M, Brauer M, Nieuwenhuijsen MJ, Lupp G, Richardson EA, Astell-Burt T, Dimitrova D, Feng X, Sadeh M, Standl M, Heinrich J, Fuertes E. Exploring pathways linking greenspace to health: Theoretical and methodological guidance. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2017; 158:301-317. [PMID: 28672128 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2017.06.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 947] [Impact Index Per Article: 135.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2017] [Revised: 06/22/2017] [Accepted: 06/23/2017] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In a rapidly urbanizing world, many people have little contact with natural environments, which may affect health and well-being. Existing reviews generally conclude that residential greenspace is beneficial to health. However, the processes generating these benefits and how they can be best promoted remain unclear. OBJECTIVES During an Expert Workshop held in September 2016, the evidence linking greenspace and health was reviewed from a transdisciplinary standpoint, with a particular focus on potential underlying biopsychosocial pathways and how these can be explored and organized to support policy-relevant population health research. DISCUSSIONS Potential pathways linking greenspace to health are here presented in three domains, which emphasize three general functions of greenspace: reducing harm (e.g. reducing exposure to air pollution, noise and heat), restoring capacities (e.g. attention restoration and physiological stress recovery) and building capacities (e.g. encouraging physical activity and facilitating social cohesion). Interrelations between among the three domains are also noted. Among several recommendations, future studies should: use greenspace and behavioural measures that are relevant to hypothesized pathways; include assessment of presence, access and use of greenspace; use longitudinal, interventional and (quasi)experimental study designs to assess causation; and include low and middle income countries given their absence in the existing literature. Cultural, climatic, geographic and other contextual factors also need further consideration. CONCLUSIONS While the existing evidence affirms beneficial impacts of greenspace on health, much remains to be learned about the specific pathways and functional form of such relationships, and how these may vary by context, population groups and health outcomes. This Report provides guidance for further epidemiological research with the goal of creating new evidence upon which to develop policy recommendations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iana Markevych
- Institute for Occupational, Social, and Environmental Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, Munich, Germany; Institute of Epidemiology I, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany.
| | - Julia Schoierer
- Institute for Occupational, Social, and Environmental Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Terry Hartig
- Institute for Housing and Urban Research, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Alexandra Chudnovsky
- AIRO Lab, Department of Geography and Human Environment, School of Geosciences, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Perry Hystad
- College of Public Health and Human Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA
| | - Angel M Dzhambov
- Department of Hygiene and Ecomedicine, Faculty of Public Health, Medical University of Plovdiv, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Sjerp de Vries
- Wageningen University & Research, Environmental Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Margarita Triguero-Mas
- ISGlobal, Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Michael Brauer
- School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Mark J Nieuwenhuijsen
- ISGlobal, Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gerd Lupp
- Strategic Landscape Planning and Management, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Elizabeth A Richardson
- Centre for Research on Environment, Society and Health (CRESH), University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK
| | - Thomas Astell-Burt
- Population Wellbeing and Environment Research Lab (PowerLab), Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, Australia; Early Start, University of Wollongong, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, Australia
| | - Donka Dimitrova
- Department of Health Management and Healthcare Economics, Faculty of Public Health, Medical University of Plovdiv, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Xiaoqi Feng
- Population Wellbeing and Environment Research Lab (PowerLab), Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, Australia; Early Start, University of Wollongong, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, Australia
| | - Maya Sadeh
- School of Public Health, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Marie Standl
- Institute of Epidemiology I, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Joachim Heinrich
- Institute for Occupational, Social, and Environmental Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, Munich, Germany; Institute of Epidemiology I, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Elaine Fuertes
- ISGlobal, Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Barcelona, Spain
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