1
|
Yang J, Qu Y, Chen Y, Zhang J, Liu X, Niu H, An J. Dominant physical and chemical processes impacting nitrate in Shandong of the North China Plain during winter haze events. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 912:169065. [PMID: 38065496 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.169065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
Nitrate has been a dominant component of PM2.5 since the stringent emission control measures implemented in China in 2013. Clarifying key physical and chemical processes influencing nitrate concentrations is crucial for eradicating heavy air pollution in China. In this study, we explored dominant processes impacting nitrate concentrations in Shandong of the North China Plain during three haze events from 9 to 25 December 2021, named cases P1 (94.46 (30.85) μg m-3 for PM2.5 (nitrate)), P2 (148.95 (50.12) μg m-3) and P3 (88.03 (29.21) μg m-3), by using the Weather Research and Forecasting/Chemistry model with an integrated process rate analysis scheme and updated heterogeneous hydrolysis of dinitrogen pentoxide on the wet aerosol surface (HET-N2O5) and additional nitrous acid (HONO) sources (AS-HONO). The results showed that nitrate increases in the three cases were attributed to aerosol chemistry, whereas nitrate decreases were due mainly to the vertical mixing process in cases P1 and P2 and to the advection process in case P3. HET-N2O5 (the reaction of OH + NO2) contributed 45 % (51 %) of the HNO3 production rate during the study period. AS-HONO produced a nitrate enhancement of 24 % in case P1, 12 % in case P2 and 19 % in case P3, and a HNO3 production rate enhancement of 0.79- 0.97 (0.18- 0.60) μg m-3 h-1 through the reaction of OH + NO2 (HET-N2O5) in the three cases. This study implies that using suitable parameterization schemes for heterogeneous reactions on aerosol and ground surfaces and nitrate photolysis is vital in simulations of HONO and nitrate, and the MOSAIC module for aerosol water simulations needs to be improved.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Physics and Atmospheric Chemistry, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China; College of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yu Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Physics and Atmospheric Chemistry, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China; College of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Yong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Physics and Atmospheric Chemistry, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China; College of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jingwei Zhang
- Department of Atmospheric Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China
| | - Xingang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Hongya Niu
- School of Earth Sciences and Engineering, Hebei University of Engineering, Handan 056038, China
| | - Junling An
- State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Physics and Atmospheric Chemistry, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China; College of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Chen Z, Liu R, Wu S, Xu J, Wu Y, Qi S. Diurnal variation characteristics and meteorological causes of autumn ozone in the Pearl River Delta, China. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 908:168469. [PMID: 37967638 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.168469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 10/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023]
Abstract
This study investigates the diurnal variation of ozone (O3) in the Pearl River Delta (PRD) during autumn from 2016 to 2021, focusing on the main O3 modes and their relationship with meteorological conditions. Utilizing K-means clustering, four patterns of O3 variation were identified: Cluster 1 (extremely low O3), Cluster 2 (close to autumn average), Cluster 3 (abnormally high O3 at night), and Cluster 4 (extremely high O3). In Cluster 1, the PRD was situated on the northwest side of the western Pacific subtropical high (WPSH), resulting in increased cloud cover, weakened radiation, and the lowest O3 growth rate during the day, with weak nighttime changes. Cluster 2 presents O3 changes under normal autumn conditions, closely resembling the autumn average. In Cluster 3, the PRD was located between continental high pressure and the low-pressure system over the South China Sea. The enhanced horizontal pressure gradient led to an increase in the horizontal wind speed, promoting the formation of a low-level jet (LLJ). The LLJ caused decoupling between the residual layer and stable boundary layer at night, leading to increased surface O3 concentration and a higher background O3 concentration before sunrise the next day. In Cluster 4, favorable meteorological conditions for O3 generation and accumulation were created by the influence of the WPSH and peripheral tropical cyclones. O3 rapidly increased during the day, reaching extremely high values in the afternoon, with an exceedance rate of 80 %. Comparing the four diurnal patterns and their meteorological conditions highlights the significance of meteorological processes in O3 variations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zichao Chen
- Institute for Environmental and Climate Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China
| | - Run Liu
- Institute for Environmental and Climate Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China; Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Joint Laboratory of Collaborative Innovation for Environmental Quality, Guangzhou 511443, China.
| | - Shuangshuang Wu
- Institute for Environmental and Climate Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China
| | - Jianmin Xu
- Institute for Environmental and Climate Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China
| | - Yanxing Wu
- Institute for Environmental and Climate Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China
| | - Shumin Qi
- Institute for Environmental and Climate Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Li G, Chen Q, Sun W, She J, Liu J, Zhu Y, Guo W, Zhang R, Zhu Y, Liu M. Updating and evaluating the NH 3 gas-phase chemical mechanism of MOZART-4 in the WRF-Chem model. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 333:122070. [PMID: 37331578 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023]
Abstract
The accuracy of determining atmospheric chemical mechanisms is a key factor in air pollution prediction, pollution-cause analysis and the development of control schemes based on air quality model simulations. However, the reaction of NH3 and OH to generate NH2 and its subsequent reactions are often ignored in the MOZART-4 chemical mechanism. To solve this problem, the gas-phase chemical mechanism of NH3 was updated in this study. Response surface methodology (RSM), integrated gas-phase reaction rate (IRR) diagnosis and process analysis (PA) were used to quantify the influence of the updated NH3 chemical mechanism on the O3 simulated concentration, the nonlinear response relationship of O3 and its precursors, the chemical reaction rate of O3 generation and the meteorological transport process. The results show that the updated NH3 chemical mechanism can reduce the error between the simulated and observed O3 concentrations and better simulate the O3 concentration. Compared with the Base scenario (original chemical mechanism simulated), the first-order term of NH3 in the Updated scenario (updated NH3 chemical mechanism simulated) in RSM passed the significance test (p < 0.05), indicating that NH3 emissions have an influence on the O3 simulation, and the effects of the updated NH3 chemical mechanism on NOx-VOC-O3 in different cities are different. In addition, the analysis of chemical reaction rate changes showed that NH3 can affect the generation of O3 by affecting the NOx concentration and NOx circulation with radicals of OH and HO2 in the Updated scenario, and the change of pollutant concentration in the atmosphere leads to the change of meteorological transmission, eventually leading to the reduction of O3 concentration in Beijing. In conclusion, this study highlights the importance of atmospheric chemistry for air quality models to model atmospheric pollutants and should attract more research focus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guangyao Li
- Key Laboratory for Semi-Arid Climate Change of the Ministry of Education, College of Atmospheric Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Qiang Chen
- Key Laboratory for Semi-Arid Climate Change of the Ministry of Education, College of Atmospheric Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China; Lanzhou University Applied Technology Research Institude Co., Ltd, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
| | - Wei Sun
- Key Laboratory for Semi-Arid Climate Change of the Ministry of Education, College of Atmospheric Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Jing She
- Key Laboratory for Semi-Arid Climate Change of the Ministry of Education, College of Atmospheric Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Jia Liu
- Key Laboratory for Semi-Arid Climate Change of the Ministry of Education, College of Atmospheric Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Yuhuan Zhu
- Key Laboratory for Semi-Arid Climate Change of the Ministry of Education, College of Atmospheric Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Wenkai Guo
- Faculty of Geosciences and Environmental Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 611756, China
| | - Ruixin Zhang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Yufan Zhu
- Key Laboratory for Semi-Arid Climate Change of the Ministry of Education, College of Atmospheric Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Mingyue Liu
- Ordos Meteorological Bureau of Inner Mongolia, Ordos, 017000, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Li G, Chen Q, Zhu Y, Sun W, Guo W, Zhang R, Zhu Y, She J. Effects of chemical boundary conditions on simulated O 3 concentrations in China and their chemical mechanisms. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 857:159500. [PMID: 36265629 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.159500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Revised: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Chemical boundary conditions (BCs) are important inputs for regional chemical transport models. In this study, we use the brute-force method (BFM), process analysis (PA) and response surface model (RSM) to quantify the effects of BCs on simulated O3 concentrations in different regions of China by the weather research and forecasting with chemistry (WRF-Chem) model. We combine the model with an integrated gas-phase reaction rate (IRR) tool to further analyze the changes in the O3 chemical mechanisms. Our results show that the simulated O3 concentrations in western cities are significantly affected by the O3 in the BCs (BC-O3), which can increase the maximum simulated O3 concentration, such as in Lanzhou (36.6 μg/m3, 26.3 %), Wuhai (30.1 μg/m3, 25.5 %) and Urumqi (50.7 μg/m3, 41.2 %). In contrast, O3 generation in the eastern region is dominated by emissions. Subsequently, we compare the reaction rate changes in O3 generation and consumption under the effects of BC-O3 in the western city of Urumqi and the eastern city of Beijing. The results show that in Beijing, the O3 concentration and the related chemical reaction rates undergo little change, while in Urumqi, the concentration and reaction rates have significant differences. The BC-O3 significantly accelerates the O3 photochemical reaction process in Urumqi, resulting in increased O3 generation and consumption reaction rates; additionally, there may be a chemical reaction pathway for the formation of O3: BC-O3 + NO → NO2 + hv → O + O2 → O3. BC-O3 transmission is the main pathway of changes in the simulated O3 concentration in the study area, and the chemical reactions between BC-O3 and local pollutants are primarily characterized by O3 consumption. In conclusion, the study shows the importance of BCs for regional model simulation while providing supporting information for O3 formation in model studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guangyao Li
- Key Laboratory for Semi-Arid Climate Change of the Ministry of Education, College of Atmospheric Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Qiang Chen
- Key Laboratory for Semi-Arid Climate Change of the Ministry of Education, College of Atmospheric Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China.
| | - Yufan Zhu
- Key Laboratory for Semi-Arid Climate Change of the Ministry of Education, College of Atmospheric Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Wei Sun
- Key Laboratory for Semi-Arid Climate Change of the Ministry of Education, College of Atmospheric Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Wenkai Guo
- Key Laboratory for Semi-Arid Climate Change of the Ministry of Education, College of Atmospheric Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Ruixin Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Semi-Arid Climate Change of the Ministry of Education, College of Atmospheric Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Yuhuan Zhu
- Key Laboratory for Semi-Arid Climate Change of the Ministry of Education, College of Atmospheric Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Jing She
- Key Laboratory for Semi-Arid Climate Change of the Ministry of Education, College of Atmospheric Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Li L, Xie F, Li J, Gong K, Xie X, Qin Y, Qin M, Hu J. Diagnostic analysis of regional ozone pollution in Yangtze River Delta, China: A case study in summer 2020. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 812:151511. [PMID: 34762949 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.151511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Revised: 10/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
A regional ozone (O3) pollution event occurred in the Yangtze River Delta region during August 17-23, 2020 (except on August 21). This study aims to understand the causes of O3 pollution during the event using an emission-based model (i.e., the Community Multiscale Air Quality (CMAQ) model) and an observation-based model (OBM). The OBM was used to investigate O3 sensitivity to its precursors during the O3 pollution, concluding that O3 formation was limited by volatile organic compounds (VOCs) on August 19, but was co-limited by VOCs and nitrogen oxides (NOx) on other polluted days. Aromatics and alkenes were the two main VOC groups contributing to the O3 formation, with trans-2-butene and m/p-xylene as the key species among the VOCs measured at the Nanjing urban site. The source apportionment results estimated using the source-oriented CMAQ model suggest that the transportation and industry sources dominated the non-background O3 production in Nanjing, which were responsible for 52% and 24.7%, respectively. The O3 concentration attributed to NOx (~70%) was significantly higher than that attributed to VOCs (approximately 30%). The process analysis revealed that vertical mixing increased the O3 concentrations in the early morning, and photochemical reactions promoted O3 formation and accumulation during the daytime within the planetary boundary layer. At night, outflow from horizontal transport and nocturnal chemistry jointly resulted the O3 depletion. The contributions of inter-city transport during the O3 pollution period in Nanjing were also estimated. The predicted O3 concentration was largely recorded from long-distance regions, reaching 46%, followed by local sources (38%) and surrounding cities (16%). The results indicate that both NOx and VOCs contributed significantly to O3 pollution during this event, and the emissions controls of NOx and the key VOC species of aromatics and alkenes from a cooperative regional perspective should be considered to mitigate O3 pollution.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lin Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control, Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China
| | - Fangjian Xie
- Nanjing Municipal Academy of Ecological and Environment Protection Science, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Jingyi Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control, Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China
| | - Kangjia Gong
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control, Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China
| | - Xiaodong Xie
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control, Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China
| | - Yang Qin
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control, Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China
| | - Momei Qin
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control, Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China
| | - Jianlin Hu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control, Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Masiwal R, Sharma C, Ranjan A, Radhakrishnan SR, Shukla DK, Bambal VK, Uniyal SK. Long-term variability of trace gases over the Indian Western Himalayan Region. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 806:150127. [PMID: 34583076 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.150127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Revised: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The four-year continuous measurements of CO, NOx, NH3, SO2, and O3 were carried at a high altitude site (32.12°N, 76.56°E at 1347 m AMSL) of the Indian Western Himalayan area to study the mixing ratios of these gases for understanding the changing trends of these trace gases over the region. Each of these trace gases showed significant daily and monthly variabilities. The highest variability was recorded in the monthly mean values of O3 as it varied from 10 to 63 ppb during the study period. All the trace gases except CO showed maximum variability in the pre-monsoon seasons due to the strong advection and vertical circulation of air masses at the site. The seasonal mean maxima of CO were recorded during the monsoon season, while the mean maxima of NH3 were recorded during the post-monsoon seasons. The meteorological parameters have been found to influence the mixing ratios of trace gases. The least variability in the mean seasonal mixing ratios of SO2 during the study period indicated the constant point source of SO2 near the site. The trajectories analysis revealed that the area receives maximum air masses from the southeast to the west directions where a number of the coal-based thermal power plants, industries, cement plants, and agricultural fields are also located. The influence of valley-to-mountain circulations was also observed at the site, resulting in the transport of pollutant-rich air masses from local and distant sources to the site. A comparison of the mixing ratios of different trace gases obtained in the present study is also made with the values reported for other high altitude stations in the world.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R Masiwal
- CSIR-National Physical Laboratory, Dr. K.S. Krishnan Marg, New Delhi 110012, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - C Sharma
- CSIR-National Physical Laboratory, Dr. K.S. Krishnan Marg, New Delhi 110012, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India.
| | - A Ranjan
- CSIR-National Physical Laboratory, Dr. K.S. Krishnan Marg, New Delhi 110012, India
| | - S R Radhakrishnan
- CSIR-National Physical Laboratory, Dr. K.S. Krishnan Marg, New Delhi 110012, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - D K Shukla
- CSIR-National Physical Laboratory, Dr. K.S. Krishnan Marg, New Delhi 110012, India
| | - V K Bambal
- CSIR-National Physical Laboratory, Dr. K.S. Krishnan Marg, New Delhi 110012, India
| | - S K Uniyal
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India; CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur 176061, H.P., India
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Chen D, Liao H, Yang Y, Chen L, Wang H. Simulated aging processes of black carbon and its impact during a severe winter haze event in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 755:142712. [PMID: 33049531 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.142712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Revised: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 09/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Black carbon (BC) can mitigate or worsen air pollution by perturbing meteorological conditions. BC aging processes strongly influence the evolution of the particle size, concentration, and optical properties of BC, which determine its influence on meteorology. Here, we use the online coupled Weather Research and Forecasting-Chemistry (WRF-Chem) model to quantify the role of BC aging processes, including physical processes (PP) and absorption enhancement (AE), in causing BC-induced meteorological changes and their associated feedbacks to PM2.5 (particulate matter less than 2.5 μm in diameter) and O3 concentrations during a severe haze event in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei (BTH) region during 21-27 February 2014. Our results show that, compared to those from the simulation without PP, the simulated near-surface BC concentration and BC mass loading in the BTH region decreased by 6.6% and 12.1%, respectively, when PP were included. PP increased the proportion of large BC (particle diameter greater than 0.312 μm) below 1000 m from 28 to 33% to 59-64% in the BTH region. When both PP and AE were included in the simulation, the reduction in PBL height due to the BC-PBL interaction was 116.3 m (20.7%), compared to reductions of 75.7 m (13.5%) without AE and 66.6 m (11.9%) without PP and AE. However, during this haze event, anomalous northeasterly winds were produced by the direct radiative effect of BC, which further affected aerosol mixing and transport. Due to their combined impacts on multiple meteorological factors, the direct radiative effects of BC without PP and AE, without AE, and with PP and AE increased the surface concentrations of PM2.5 by 8.3 μg m-3 (by 6.1% relative to the mean value), 6.1 μg m-3 (4.5%) and 9.6 μg m-3 (7.0%), respectively, but decreased the surface O3 concentrations by 2.8 ppbv (7.4%), 4.0 ppbv (9.0%) and 5.0 ppbv (10.8%) on average in the BTH region during 21-27 February 2014.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Donglin Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control, Jiangsu Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental Cleaning Materials, Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hong Liao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control, Jiangsu Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental Cleaning Materials, Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Yang Yang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control, Jiangsu Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental Cleaning Materials, Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Lei Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control, Jiangsu Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental Cleaning Materials, Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hailong Wang
- Atmospheric Science and Global Change Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Zeng P, Lyu XP, Guo H, Cheng HR, Jiang F, Pan WZ, Wang ZW, Liang SW, Hu YQ. Causes of ozone pollution in summer in Wuhan, Central China. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2018; 241:852-861. [PMID: 29913412 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2018.05.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2017] [Revised: 05/12/2018] [Accepted: 05/14/2018] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
In August 2016, continuous measurements of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and trace gases were conducted at an urban site in Wuhan. Four high-ozone (O3) days and twenty-seven non-high-O3 days were identified according to the China's National Standard Level II (∼100 ppbv). The occurrence of high-O3 days was accompanied by tropical cyclones. Much higher concentrations of VOCs and carbon monoxide (CO) were observed on the high-O3 days (p < 0.01). Model simulations revealed that vehicle exhausts were the dominant sources of VOCs, contributing 45.4 ± 5.2% and 37.3 ± 2.9% during high-O3 and non-high-O3 days, respectively. Both vehicle exhausts and stationary combustion made significantly larger contributions to O3 production on high-O3 days (p < 0.01). Analysis using a chemical transport model found that local photochemical formation accounted for 74.7 ± 5.8% of the daytime O3, around twice the regional transport (32.2 ± 5.4%), while the nighttime O3 was mainly attributable to regional transport (59.1 ± 9.9%). The local O3 formation was generally limited by VOCs in urban Wuhan. To effectively control O3 pollution, the reduction ratio of VOCs to NOx concentrations should not be lower than 0.73, and the most efficient O3 abatement could be achieved by reducing VOCs from vehicle exhausts. This study contributes to the worldwide database of O3-VOC-NOx sensitivity research. Its findings will be helpful in formulating and implementing emission control strategies for dealing with O3 pollution in Wuhan.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P Zeng
- School of Resource and Environmental Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China; Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - X P Lyu
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - H Guo
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China.
| | - H R Cheng
- School of Resource and Environmental Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China.
| | - F Jiang
- International Institute for Earth System Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - W Z Pan
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Z W Wang
- School of Resource and Environmental Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - S W Liang
- Wuhan Environment Monitoring Center, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Y Q Hu
- Wuhan Environment Monitoring Center, Wuhan 430022, China
| |
Collapse
|