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Xu X, Zhang L, An Y, Han H, Chen R, Zhang M, Li Y, Zhang S. The association between ambient air pollution and colorectal cancer: a Mendelian randomization study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH RESEARCH 2024:1-11. [PMID: 38819028 DOI: 10.1080/09603123.2024.2361453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 05/25/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024]
Abstract
Mounting epidemiology studies have reported the potential associations between ambient air pollution exposure and colorectal cancer (CRC). However, the genetic association between ambient air pollution and CRC remains unclear. Using the Genome-wide association study (GWAS) data from UK biobank, we explored the genetic association of CRC (5,657 cases and 372,016 controls) with four ambient air pollutants (PM2.5, PM10, NO2, NOx; n = 423,796 to 456,380) under the framework of Mendelian randomization (MR). Our results revealed a significant association between long-term NO2 exposure (per 10 µg/m3) and increased CRC risk, with an odds ratio (OR) of 1.02 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.00-1.03), while no statistical association was found between CRC risk and the other air pollutants. Sensitivity analysis confirmed the robustness of the results. It is imperative to consider the impact of air pollution, particularly NO2, in mitigating the risk of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinshu Xu
- Department of Anorectal, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China
- First Clinical Medical College, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China
| | - Linhan Zhang
- Department of Anorectal, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China
| | - Yongkang An
- Department of Anorectal, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China
| | - Haitao Han
- Department of Anorectal, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China
| | - Ruobing Chen
- Department of Anorectal, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China
- First Clinical Medical College, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China
| | - Mengmeng Zhang
- Department of Anorectal, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China
- First Clinical Medical College, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Operating Room, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China
| | - Shuangxi Zhang
- Department of Anorectal, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China
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Fervers B, Pérol O, Lasset C, Moumjid N, Vidican P, Saintigny P, Tardy J, Biaudet J, Bonadona V, Triviaux D, Marijnen P, Mongondry R, Cattey-Javouhey A, Buono R, Bertrand A, Marec-Bérard P, Rousset-Jablonski C, Pilleul F, Christophe V, Girodet M, Praud D, Solodky ML, Crochet H, Achache A, Michallet M, Galvez C, Miermont A, Sebileau D, Zrounba P, Beaupère S, Philip T, Blay JY. An Integrated Cancer Prevention Strategy: the Viewpoint of the Leon Berard Comprehensive Cancer Center Lyon, France. Cancer Prev Res (Phila) 2024; 17:133-140. [PMID: 38562091 PMCID: PMC10985472 DOI: 10.1158/1940-6207.capr-23-0386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Revised: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
This article describes some of the key prevention services in the Leon Berard Comprehensive Cancer Center (CLB) Lyon, France, which are based on clinical prevention services, outreach activities, and collaboration with professional and territorial health communities. In addition, research is embedded at all stages of the prevention continuum, from understanding cancer causes through to the implementation of prevention interventions during and after cancer. Health promotion activities in the community and dedicated outpatient primary cancer prevention services for individuals at increased risk have been implemented. The CLB's experience illustrates how prevention can be integrated into the comprehensive mission of cancer centers, and how in turn, the cancer centers may contribute to bridging the current fragmentation between cancer care and the different components of primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention. With increasing cancer incidence, the shift toward integrated prevention-centered cancer care is not only key for improving population health, but this may also provide a response to the shortage of hospital staff and overcrowding in cancer services, as well as offer opportunities to reduce carbon emissions from cancer care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatrice Fervers
- Department of Prevention, Cancer and Environment, Léon Bérard Cancer Center, Lyon, France
- Inserm U1296 Radiations: Defense, Health, Environment, Léon Bérard Cancer Center, Lyon, France
| | - Olivia Pérol
- Department of Prevention, Cancer and Environment, Léon Bérard Cancer Center, Lyon, France
- Inserm U1296 Radiations: Defense, Health, Environment, Léon Bérard Cancer Center, Lyon, France
| | - Christine Lasset
- Department of Prevention and Public Healthcare, Léon Bérard Cancer Center, Lyon, France
| | - Nora Moumjid
- Department of Prevention, Cancer and Environment, Léon Bérard Cancer Center, Lyon, France
- UR 4129, P2S, Université Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | - Pauline Vidican
- Department of Prevention, Cancer and Environment, Léon Bérard Cancer Center, Lyon, France
- Inserm U1296 Radiations: Defense, Health, Environment, Léon Bérard Cancer Center, Lyon, France
| | - Pierre Saintigny
- Department of Medical Oncology, Léon Bérard Cancer Center, Lyon, France
- CRCL, University Lyon, Claude Bernard Lyon 1 University, Inserm 1052, CNRS 5286, Centre Léon Bérard, Cancer Research Center, Lyon, France
| | - Juliette Tardy
- Department of Prevention, Cancer and Environment, Léon Bérard Cancer Center, Lyon, France
- Inserm U1296 Radiations: Defense, Health, Environment, Léon Bérard Cancer Center, Lyon, France
| | - Julien Biaudet
- Department of Prevention, Cancer and Environment, Léon Bérard Cancer Center, Lyon, France
- Inserm U1296 Radiations: Defense, Health, Environment, Léon Bérard Cancer Center, Lyon, France
| | - Valérie Bonadona
- Department of Prevention and Public Healthcare, Léon Bérard Cancer Center, Lyon, France
| | - Dominique Triviaux
- Interdisciplinary Department of Supportive Care in Oncology, Léon Bérard Cancer Center, Lyon, France
| | - Philippe Marijnen
- Department of Prevention, Cancer and Environment, Léon Bérard Cancer Center, Lyon, France
| | - Rodolf Mongondry
- Department of Prevention, Cancer and Environment, Léon Bérard Cancer Center, Lyon, France
| | | | - Romain Buono
- Department of Prevention, Cancer and Environment, Léon Bérard Cancer Center, Lyon, France
| | - Amandine Bertrand
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Institut d'Hématologie et d'Oncologie Pédiatrique, Léon Bérard Cancer Center, 69008 Lyon, France
- INSERM U1290 RESearch on HealthcAre PErformance (RESHAPE), University Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France
- Département de Sciences Humaines et Sociales (SHS), Léon Bérard Cancer Center, Lyon, France
| | - Perrine Marec-Bérard
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Institut d'Hématologie et d'Oncologie Pédiatrique, Léon Bérard Cancer Center, 69008 Lyon, France
| | - Christine Rousset-Jablonski
- INSERM U1290 RESearch on HealthcAre PErformance (RESHAPE), University Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France
- Department of Surgery, Léon Bérard Cancer Center, Lyon, France
| | - Frank Pilleul
- Department of Radiology, Léon Bérard Cancer Center, Lyon, France
- CREATIS, UMR CNRS 5220 – INSERM 1206, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | - Veronique Christophe
- CRCL, University Lyon, Claude Bernard Lyon 1 University, Inserm 1052, CNRS 5286, Centre Léon Bérard, Cancer Research Center, Lyon, France
- Département de Sciences Humaines et Sociales (SHS), Léon Bérard Cancer Center, Lyon, France
| | - Magali Girodet
- INSERM U1290 RESearch on HealthcAre PErformance (RESHAPE), University Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France
- Département de Sciences Humaines et Sociales (SHS), Léon Bérard Cancer Center, Lyon, France
| | - Delphine Praud
- Department of Prevention, Cancer and Environment, Léon Bérard Cancer Center, Lyon, France
- Inserm U1296 Radiations: Defense, Health, Environment, Léon Bérard Cancer Center, Lyon, France
| | - Marie-Laure Solodky
- Department of Medecine of Health Care Workers, Léon Bérard Cancer Center, Lyon, France
| | | | | | - Mauricette Michallet
- Department of Prevention, Cancer and Environment, Léon Bérard Cancer Center, Lyon, France
- Department of Medical Oncology, Léon Bérard Cancer Center, Lyon, France
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Jean-Yves Blay
- Department of Medical Oncology, Léon Bérard Cancer Center, Lyon, France
- Unicancer, Paris, France
- Faculté de Médecine Lyon Est, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France
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Khorrami Z, Pourkhosravani M, Karamoozian A, Jafari-Khounigh A, Akbari ME, Rezapour M, Khorrami R, Taghavi-Shahri SM, Amini H, Etemad K, Khanjani N. Ambient air pollutants and breast cancer stage in Tehran, Iran. Sci Rep 2024; 14:3873. [PMID: 38365800 PMCID: PMC10873290 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-53038-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to examine the impacts of single and multiple air pollutants (AP) on the severity of breast cancer (BC). Data of 1148 diagnosed BC cases (2008-2016) were obtained from the Cancer Research Center and private oncologist offices in Tehran, Iran. Ambient PM10, SO2, NO, NO2, NOX, benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, m-xylene, p-xylene, o-xylene, and BTEX data were obtained from previously developed land use regression models. Associations between pollutants and stage of BC were assessed by multinomial logistic regression models. An increase of 10 μg/m3 in ethylbenzene, o-xylene, m-xylene, and 10 ppb of NO corresponded to 10.41 (95% CI 1.32-82.41), 4.07 (1.46-11.33), 2.89 (1.08-7.73) and 1.08 (1.00-1.15) increase in the odds of stage I versus non-invasive BC, respectively. Benzene (OR, odds ratio = 1.16, 95% CI 1.01-1.33) and o-xylene (OR = 1.18, 1.02-1.38) were associated with increased odds of incidence of BC stages III & IV versus non-invasive stages. BC stage I and stage III&IV in women living in low SES areas was associated with significantly higher levels of benzene, ethylbenzene, o-xylene, and m-xylene. The highest multiple-air-pollutants quartile was associated with a higher odds of stage I BC (OR = 3.16) in patients under 50 years old. This study provides evidence that exposure to AP is associated with increased BC stage at diagnosis, especially under premenopause age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Khorrami
- Ophthalmic Epidemiology Research Center, Research Institute for Ophthalmology and Vision Science, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohsen Pourkhosravani
- Department of Geography and Urban Planning, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran
| | - Ali Karamoozian
- Modeling in Health Research Center, Institute for Futures Studies in Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Ali Jafari-Khounigh
- Road Traffic Injury Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Maysam Rezapour
- Department of Paramedicine, Amol School of Paramedical Sciences, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Reihaneh Khorrami
- Student Research Committee, Jahrom University of Medical Sciences, Jahrom, Iran
| | | | - Heresh Amini
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Institute for Climate Change, Environmental Health and Exposomics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Koorosh Etemad
- Cancer Research Center (CRC), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Narges Khanjani
- Department of Medical Education, Paul L. Foster School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center El Paso, El Paso, TX, USA.
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Brown JA, Ish JL, Chang CJ, Bookwalter DB, O'Brien KM, Jones RR, Kaufman JD, Sandler DP, White AJ. Outdoor air pollution exposure and uterine cancer incidence in the sister study. J Natl Cancer Inst 2024:djae031. [PMID: 38346713 DOI: 10.1093/jnci/djae031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/16/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Outdoor air pollution is a ubiquitous exposure that includes endocrine-disrupting and carcinogenic compounds that may contribute to the risk of hormone-sensitive outcomes such as uterine cancer. However, there is limited evidence about the relationship between outdoor air pollution and uterine cancer incidence. METHODS We investigated the associations of residential exposure to particulate matter less than 2.5 µm in diameter (PM2.5) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) with uterine cancer among 33,417 Sister Study participants with an intact uterus at baseline (2003-2009). Annual average air pollutant concentrations were estimated at participants' geocoded primary residential address(es) using validated spatiotemporal models. Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the association between time-varying 12-month PM2.5 (µg/m3) and NO2 (ppb) averages and uterine cancer incidence. RESULTS Over a median follow-up period of 9.8 years, 319 incident uterine cancer cases were identified. A 5-ppb increase in NO2 was associated with a 23% higher incidence of uterine cancer (HR = 1.23, 95% CI 1.04-1.46), especially among participants living in urban areas (HR = 1.53, 95% CI: 1.13-2.07). However, PM2.5 was not associated with increased uterine cancer incidence. CONCLUSION In this large U.S. cohort, NO2, a marker of vehicular traffic exposure, was associated with a higher incidence of uterine cancer. These findings expand the scope of health effects associated with air pollution, supporting the need for policy and other interventions designed to reduce air pollutant exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordyn A Brown
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Jennifer L Ish
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
| | - Che-Jung Chang
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
| | | | - Katie M O'Brien
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
| | - Rena R Jones
- Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Joel D Kaufman
- Departments of Environmental & Occupational Health Sciences, Medicine, and Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Dale P Sandler
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
| | - Alexandra J White
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
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Lakkis NA, Abdallah RM, Musharrafieh UM, Issa HG, Osman MH. Epidemiology of Breast, Corpus Uteri, and Ovarian Cancers in Lebanon With Emphasis on Breast Cancer Incidence Trends and Risk Factors Compared to Regional and Global Rates. Cancer Control 2024; 31:10732748241236266. [PMID: 38419342 PMCID: PMC10903209 DOI: 10.1177/10732748241236266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study explores the incidence and trends of breast (Bca), corpus uteri (CUca), and ovarian (Oca) cancer in Lebanon, a Middle Eastern country. It compares the Bca rates to regional and global ones and discusses Bca risk factors in Lebanon. INTRODUCTION Globally, Bca is the premier cause of cancer morbidity and mortality in women. METHODS Data on female Bca, CUca, and Oca published by the Lebanese national cancer registry were obtained (ie, for the years of 2005 to 2016). The age-standardized incidence rates (ASIRw) and age-specific rates per 100,000 female population were computed. RESULTS From 2005 to 2016, Bca, Oca, and CUca ranked first, sixth, and seventh, respectively, for cancer incidence among women in Lebanon. Bca alone accounted for 39.4% of all new female cancer cases. The ASIRw increased significantly for Bca and CUca (APC: 3.60 and 3.73, P < .05) but not for Oca (APC: 1.27, P > .05). The Bca ASIRw (per 100,000) increased significantly from 71.0 in 2005 to 115.6 in 2013 (P < .05), then decreased steadily but non-significantly to reach 96.8 in 2016 (P > .05). Lebanon's Bca ASIRw is comparable to developed countries. This may reflect altered sociological and reproductive patterns as the country transitions from regional to global trends. The five-year age-specific rates analysis revealed that Bca rates rose steeply from 35-39 to 50-54, dropped slightly between 55 and 64, then rose till 75+. The five-year age-specific rates between 35 and 54 among Lebanese women were amongst the highest worldwide from 2008 to 2012, even higher than the rates in Belgium, which had the highest ASIRw of Bca worldwide in 2020. CONCLUSION Lebanon's Bca ASIRw is among the highest globally. It's important to investigate the contributing factors and develop a national Bca control strategy. This study supports the national recommendation in initiating Bca screening at age 40 for women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Najla A. Lakkis
- Department of Family Medicine, American University of Beirut Medical Center (AUBMC), Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Reem M. Abdallah
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, American University of Beirut Medical Center (AUBMC), Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Umayya M. Musharrafieh
- Department of Family Medicine, American University of Beirut Medical Center (AUBMC), Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Hanane G. Issa
- Institute of Health Informatics, University College London, London, UK
| | - Mona H. Osman
- Department of Family Medicine, American University of Beirut Medical Center (AUBMC), Beirut, Lebanon
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Ciuca MD, Racovita RC. Curcumin: Overview of Extraction Methods, Health Benefits, and Encapsulation and Delivery Using Microemulsions and Nanoemulsions. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24108874. [PMID: 37240220 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24108874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2023] [Revised: 05/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Curcumin is the principal curcuminoid found in the rhizomes of turmeric. Due to its therapeutic action against cancer, depression, diabetes, some bacteria, and oxidative stress, it has been used widely in medicine since ancient times. Due to its low solubility, the human organism cannot completely absorb it. Advanced extraction technologies, followed by encapsulation in microemulsion and nanoemulsion systems, are currently being used to improve bioavailability. This review discusses the different methods available for curcumin extraction from plant material, methods for the identification of curcumin in the resulting extracts, its beneficial effects on human health, and the encapsulation techniques into small colloidal systems that have been used over the past decade to deliver this compound.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria D Ciuca
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnologies, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 1-7 Gh. Polizu St., District 1, 011061 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Radu C Racovita
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnologies, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 1-7 Gh. Polizu St., District 1, 011061 Bucharest, Romania
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Praud D, Deygas F, Amadou A, Bouilly M, Turati F, Bravi F, Xu T, Grassot L, Coudon T, Fervers B. Traffic-Related Air Pollution and Breast Cancer Risk: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15030927. [PMID: 36765887 PMCID: PMC9913524 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15030927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Current evidence of an association of breast cancer (BC) risk with air pollution exposure, in particular from traffic exhaust, remains inconclusive, and the exposure assessment methodologies are heterogeneous. This study aimed to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis on the association between traffic-related air pollution (TRAP) and BC incidence (PROSPERO CRD42021286774). We systematically reviewed observational studies assessing exposure to TRAP and BC risk published until June 2022, available on Medline/PubMed and Web of Science databases. Studies using models for assessing exposure to traffic-related air pollutants or using exposure proxies (including traffic density, distance to road, etc.) were eligible for inclusion. A random-effects meta-analysis of studies investigating the association between NO2/NOx exposure and BC risk was conducted. Overall, 21 studies meeting the inclusion criteria were included (seven case-control, one nested case-control, 13 cohort studies); 13 studies (five case-control, eight cohort) provided data for inclusion in the meta-analyses. Individual studies provided little evidence of an association between TRAP and BC risk; exposure assessment methods and time periods of traffic emissions were different. The meta-estimate on NO2 exposure indicated a positive association (pooled relative risk per 10 µg/m3 of NO2: 1.015; 95% confidence interval, CI: 1.003; 1.028). No association between NOx exposure and BC was found (three studies). Although there was limited evidence of an association for TRAP estimated with proxies, the meta-analysis showed a significant association between NO2 exposure, a common TRAP pollutant marker, and BC risk, yet with a small effect size. Our findings provide additional support for air pollution carcinogenicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Delphine Praud
- Prevention Cancer Environment Department, Centre Léon Bérard, 28 rue Laënnec, 69008 Lyon, France
- Inserm, U1296 Unit, “Radiation: Defense, Health and Environment”, Centre Léon Bérard, 28 rue Laënnec, 69008 Lyon, France
- Correspondence:
| | - Floriane Deygas
- Prevention Cancer Environment Department, Centre Léon Bérard, 28 rue Laënnec, 69008 Lyon, France
- Inserm, U1296 Unit, “Radiation: Defense, Health and Environment”, Centre Léon Bérard, 28 rue Laënnec, 69008 Lyon, France
| | - Amina Amadou
- Prevention Cancer Environment Department, Centre Léon Bérard, 28 rue Laënnec, 69008 Lyon, France
- Inserm, U1296 Unit, “Radiation: Defense, Health and Environment”, Centre Léon Bérard, 28 rue Laënnec, 69008 Lyon, France
| | - Maryline Bouilly
- Prevention Cancer Environment Department, Centre Léon Bérard, 28 rue Laënnec, 69008 Lyon, France
- Inserm, U1296 Unit, “Radiation: Defense, Health and Environment”, Centre Léon Bérard, 28 rue Laënnec, 69008 Lyon, France
| | - Federica Turati
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Via A. Vanzetti 5, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Francesca Bravi
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Via A. Vanzetti 5, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Tingting Xu
- Prevention Cancer Environment Department, Centre Léon Bérard, 28 rue Laënnec, 69008 Lyon, France
| | - Lény Grassot
- Prevention Cancer Environment Department, Centre Léon Bérard, 28 rue Laënnec, 69008 Lyon, France
- Inserm, U1296 Unit, “Radiation: Defense, Health and Environment”, Centre Léon Bérard, 28 rue Laënnec, 69008 Lyon, France
| | - Thomas Coudon
- Prevention Cancer Environment Department, Centre Léon Bérard, 28 rue Laënnec, 69008 Lyon, France
- Inserm, U1296 Unit, “Radiation: Defense, Health and Environment”, Centre Léon Bérard, 28 rue Laënnec, 69008 Lyon, France
| | - Béatrice Fervers
- Prevention Cancer Environment Department, Centre Léon Bérard, 28 rue Laënnec, 69008 Lyon, France
- Inserm, U1296 Unit, “Radiation: Defense, Health and Environment”, Centre Léon Bérard, 28 rue Laënnec, 69008 Lyon, France
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