1
|
Biswas A, Choudhary A, Darbha GK. From ground to gut: Evaluating the human health risk of potentially toxic elements in soil, groundwater, and their uptake by Cocos nucifera in arsenic-contaminated environments. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 344:123342. [PMID: 38215870 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.123342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2023] [Revised: 12/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/14/2024]
Abstract
This study aimed to gauge the toxicity of potentially toxic elements (PTEs) in coconut crops cultivated in arsenic-contaminated areas while offering a global perspective encompassing more than 100 impacted countries. The current investigation provides crucial insights into the assessment of PTEs pollution using the Bioaccumulation factor, Geo-accumulation index, Potential ecological risk index, Hazardous index, and Lifetime cancer risk (LCR) and highlights the potential human health risks posed by contaminated food, water, and soil. From 22 severely polluted sites in West Bengal, India, soil, groundwater (GW), and coconut water (CW) samples were collected, acidified, and digested using microwave digestion, for PTEs quantification using inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES). Results revealed that despite high concentrations of arsenic in soils (4.6 ± 3.4 mg kg-1), and GW (22.2 ± 150.9 μg L-1), CW (0.7 ± 3.1 μg L-1) levels were within permissible limits. Groups of PTEs with comparable sources and distributions were discovered through Principal Component Analysis (PCA). A speciation diagram was used to predict the prevalence of arsenic species in all three matrices. The Hazardous Index (HI < 1) indicated no probability of non-carcinogenic diseases for children and adults in all the compartments. However, exposure to GW and soil contaminated with Cr, As, and Cd by children (9.02 × 10-13 to 2.77 × 10-4) and adults (6.51 × 10-14 to 1.18 × 10-4) would increase their susceptibility to cancer (LCR >10-6). The study concluded that moderate lifetime consumption of CW is safe and has no significant impact on healthy individuals. Additionally, CW is a rich source of essential micronutrients such as Zn, Fe, Mn, and B. Overall, the findings of this study could help in developing appropriate strategies for reducing PTEs contamination and protecting human health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abhishek Biswas
- Environmental Nanoscience Laboratory, Department of Earth Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur, 741246, West Bengal, India
| | - Aniket Choudhary
- Environmental Nanoscience Laboratory, Department of Earth Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur, 741246, West Bengal, India
| | - Gopala Krishna Darbha
- Environmental Nanoscience Laboratory, Department of Earth Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur, 741246, West Bengal, India; Centre for Climate and Environmental Studies, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur, 741246, West Bengal, India.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Yuce M, Yildirim E, Ekinci M, Turan M, Ilhan E, Aydin M, Agar G, Ucar S. N-acetyl-cysteine mitigates arsenic stress in lettuce: Molecular, biochemical, and physiological perspective. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2024; 207:108390. [PMID: 38373369 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.108390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
Agricultural land contaminated with heavy metals such as non-biodegradable arsenic (As) has become a serious global problem as it adversely affects agricultural productivity, food security and human health. Therefore, in this study, we investigated how the administration of N-acetyl-cysteine (NAC), regulates the physio-biochemical and gene expression level to reduce As toxicity in lettuce. According to our results, different NAC levels (125, 250 and 500 μM) significantly alleviated the growth inhibition and toxicity induced by As stress (20 mg/L). Shoot fresh weight, root fresh weight, shoot dry weight and root dry weight (33.05%, 55.34%, 17.97% and 46.20%, respectively) were decreased in plants grown in As-contaminated soils compared to lettuce plants grown in soils without the addition of As. However, NAC applications together with As stress increased these growth parameters. While the highest increase in shoot fresh and dry weight (58.31% and 37.85%, respectively) was observed in 250 μM NAC application, the highest increase in root fresh and dry weight (75.97% and 63.07%, respectively) was observed in 125 μM NAC application in plants grown in As-polluted soils. NAC application decreased the amount of ROS, MDA and H2O2 that increased with As stress, and decreased oxidative damage by regulating hormone levels, antioxidant and enzymes involved in nitrogen metabolism. According to gene expression profiles, LsHIPP28 and LsABC3 genes have shown important roles in reducing As toxicity in leaves. This study will provide insight for future studies on how NAC applications develop resistance to As stress in lettuce.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Merve Yuce
- Atatürk University, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Horticulture, Erzurum, Turkey.
| | - Ertan Yildirim
- Atatürk University, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Horticulture, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Melek Ekinci
- Atatürk University, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Horticulture, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Metin Turan
- Yeditepe University, Faculty of Economy and Administrative Sciences, Department of Agricultural Trade and Management, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Emre Ilhan
- Erzurum Technical University, Faculty of Science, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, 25050, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Murat Aydin
- Atatürk University, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Guleray Agar
- Atatürk University, Faculty of Science, Department of Biology, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Sumeyra Ucar
- Erzurum Technical University, Faculty of Science, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, 25050, Erzurum, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Mlangeni AT. Methylation of arsenic in rice: Mechanisms, factors, and mitigation strategies. Toxicol Rep 2023; 11:295-306. [PMID: 37789952 PMCID: PMC10543780 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2023.09.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 09/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Arsenic contamination in rice poses a significant health risk to rice consumers across the globe. This review examines the impact of water source and type on the speciation and methylation of arsenic in rice. The review highlights that groundwater used for irrigation in arsenic-affected regions can lead to higher total arsenic content in rice grains and lower proportions of methylated arsenic species. The methylation of As in rice is influenced by microbial activity in groundwater, which can methylate arsenic that is taken up by rice plants. Reclaimed water irrigation can also increase the risk of arsenic accumulation in rice crops, although the use of organic amendments and proper water management practices can reduce arsenic accumulation. Different water management regimes, such as continuous flooding irrigation, alternate wetting and drying, aerobic rice cultivation, and subsurface drip irrigation, can affect the speciation and methylation of As in rice. Continuous flooding irrigation reduces methylation of As due to anaerobic conditions, while alternate wetting and drying and aerobic rice cultivation promote methylation by creating aerobic conditions that stimulate the activity of arsenic-methylating microorganisms. Subsurface drip irrigation reduces total arsenic content in rice grains and increases the proportion of less toxic methylated arsenic species. The review also discusses the complex mechanisms of As-methylation and transport in rice, emphasizing the importance of understanding these mechanisms to develop strategies for reducing arsenic uptake in rice plants and mitigating health risks. The review addresses the impact of water source and type on arsenic speciation and methylation in rice and highlights the need for proper water management and treatment measures to ensure the safety of the food supply as well as aiding future research and policies to reduce health risks from rice consumption. The critical information gaps that this review addresses include the specific effects of different water management regimes on As-methylation, the role of microbial communities in groundwater in As-methylation, and the potential risks associated with the use of reclaimed water for irrigation.
Collapse
|
4
|
Sandil S, Záray G, Endrédi A, Füzy A, Takács T, Óvári M, Dobosy P. Arsenic uptake and accumulation in bean and lettuce plants at different developmental stages. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:118724-118735. [PMID: 37917265 PMCID: PMC10697903 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-30593-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
The pattern of arsenic (As) uptake at different developmental stages in plants and its consequent influence on the growth of plants was investigated in bean and lettuce. Further, the human health risk from the consumption of these As-laced vegetables was determined. The irrigation water was contaminated with As at concentrations of 0.1, 0.25, and 0.5 mg/L. The As concentration in the plant parts (root, stem, leaves, and flower/fruit) was determined in bean at the young, flowering, and fruiting stages and lettuce at the young and mature stages. At the different growth stages, As had an impact on the biomass of bean and lettuce plant parts, but none of the biomass changes were significant (p>0.05). The increase in As concentration of the irrigation water elevated the As concentration of plant parts of both plants at all growth stages, with the exception of the bean fruit. The As concentration in the developmental stages was in the order: lettuce (young>mature) and bean (fruiting>young>flowering). In lettuce, the transfer factor was higher at the young stage (0.09-0.19, in the control and 0.1 mg/L As treatment), while in bean, it was highest at the flowering stage (0.09-0.41, in all treatments). In the edible part, lettuce possessed substantially elevated As concentrations (0.30, 0.61, and 1.21 mg/kg DW) compared to bean (0.008, 0.005, and 0.022 mg/kg DW) at As treatments of 0.1, 0.25, and 0.5 mg/L, respectively, and posed significant health risks at all applied As concentrations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sirat Sandil
- Cooperative Research Centre of Environmental Sciences, Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter sétány 1/A, Budapest, H-1117, Hungary
- Institute of Aquatic Ecology, HUN-REN Centre for Ecological Research, Karolina út 29-31, Budapest, H-1113, Hungary
| | - Gyula Záray
- Cooperative Research Centre of Environmental Sciences, Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter sétány 1/A, Budapest, H-1117, Hungary
- Institute of Aquatic Ecology, HUN-REN Centre for Ecological Research, Karolina út 29-31, Budapest, H-1113, Hungary
| | - Anett Endrédi
- Institute of Aquatic Ecology, HUN-REN Centre for Ecological Research, Karolina út 29-31, Budapest, H-1113, Hungary
| | - Anna Füzy
- Institute for Soil Sciences, HUN-REN Centre for Agricultural Research, Herman Ottó út 15, Budapest, H-1022, Hungary
| | - Tünde Takács
- Institute for Soil Sciences, HUN-REN Centre for Agricultural Research, Herman Ottó út 15, Budapest, H-1022, Hungary
| | - Mihály Óvári
- Nuclear Security Department, HUN-REN Centre for Energy Research, Konkoly-Thege Miklós út 29-33, Budapest, H-1121, Hungary
| | - Péter Dobosy
- Institute of Aquatic Ecology, HUN-REN Centre for Ecological Research, Karolina út 29-31, Budapest, H-1113, Hungary.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Mikavica I, Ranđelović D, Djordjević V, Rakić T, Gajić G, Mutić J. Concentration and mobility of trace elements (Li, Ba, Sr, Ag, Hg, B) and macronutrients (Ca, Mg, K) in soil-orchid system on different bedrock types. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:979-995. [PMID: 35907069 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-22110-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The mobility of chemical elements in the soil-orchid system has been poorly studied. The aim of this study is to evaluate the uptake and mobility of several trace (Li, Ba, Sr, Ag, Hg, and B) and macronutrients (Ca, Mg, and K) in the orchid Anacamptis morio (L.) R.M.Bateman, Pridgeon & M.W.Chase from soils in western Serbia. The sampling sites are characterized by three different bedrock types-cherts, limestones, and serpentines, which are the source of the significant chemical differences in the elemental status of the soil and plant tissues. The four-step Community Bureau of Reference sequential extraction procedure was used to determine the distribution of fractions and predict their potential phytoavailability. The orchid and soil samples were analyzed for total elemental content analysis using ICP-OES. The greatest potential for plant availability was determined for Ba and Sr, representing about 80% of the total soil content. More than 40% of Li in the soils was found to be potentially phytoavailable. Significant correlations were found between the total content of Li, B, and Sr in soils. Between 38 and 60% of Li content and more than 80% of Ba and Sr content were determined to be potentially phytoavailable by sequential analysis. The highest bioconcentration factor (> 1) was determined in the case of B and Sr for all orchid organs, while translocation factor for Li was highest in tubers and leaves. The studied elements were mainly stored in tubers and roots, indicating the exclusion strategy of A. morio as a metal tolerance mechanism. The data obtained showed significant differences in metal content in soils and plants originating from sites with different parent materials, suggesting that bedrock type and associated soil properties are important factors that determine chemical element mobility and uptake.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ivana Mikavica
- Institute for Technology of Nuclear and Other Minerals Raw Materials, Boulevard Franchet d`Esperey 86, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Dragana Ranđelović
- Institute for Technology of Nuclear and Other Minerals Raw Materials, Boulevard Franchet d`Esperey 86, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Vladan Djordjević
- Faculty of Biology, Institute of Botany and Botanical Garden, University of Belgrade, Takovska 43, 11 000, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Tamara Rakić
- Faculty of Biology, Institute of Botany and Botanical Garden, University of Belgrade, Takovska 43, 11 000, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Gordana Gajić
- Institute for Biological Research Siniša Stanković, National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Bulevar Despota Stefana 142, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Jelena Mutić
- University of Belgrade, Faculty of Chemistry, Studentski trg 12-16, P.O. Box 51, 11158, Belgrade, Serbia.
| |
Collapse
|