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Vardakas P, Chatziloizou M, Kouretas D. Nanomaterials: Applications, health implications and environmental risks. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 252:118706. [PMID: 38492835 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.118706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Revised: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Periklis Vardakas
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, Viopolis, Mezourlo, 41500, Larissa, Greece
| | - Michail Chatziloizou
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, Viopolis, Mezourlo, 41500, Larissa, Greece
| | - Demetrios Kouretas
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, Viopolis, Mezourlo, 41500, Larissa, Greece.
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Sun D, Liao T, Lin H, Sang Y, Liu Y, Ma Q, Yu Z, Zhang B, Jiang W. Sustainable double-synergistic silver-hydroxyapatite composite catalyst derived from fish bones for efficient disinfection of Vibrio parahaemolyticus. Food Chem 2024; 456:139915. [PMID: 38852451 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.139915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 05/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
Vibrio parahaemolyticus is a food-borne pathogen that poses a serious threat to seafood safety and human health. An efficient, nontoxic, and sustainable disinfection material with a stable structure is urgently needed. Herein, silver (Ag)-hydroxyapatite (HAP) composite catalysts were prepared using HAP derived from waste fish bones. The Ag2.50%-HAP showed a 100% disinfection rate against V. parahaemolyticus, disinfecting nearly 7.0 lg CFU mL-1 within 15 min at a low concentration of 300 μg mL-1. This efficient disinfection activity could be attributed to the double-synergistic effect of Ag and superoxide radicals, which resulted in the destruction of bacterial cell structures and the leakage of intracellular proteins. Importantly, the composite also exhibited high activity in controlling the growth of pathogens during the storage process of Penaeus vannamei. These findings provided sustainable composite catalysts for disinfecting V. parahaemolyticus in seafood and a high-value utilization strategy for waste fish bones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Sun
- Key Laboratory of Key Technical Factors in Zhejiang Seafood Health Hazards, College of Food and Pharmacy, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316022, China; National Engineering Research Center for Marine Aquaculture, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316022, China
| | - Tengyang Liao
- Key Laboratory of Key Technical Factors in Zhejiang Seafood Health Hazards, College of Food and Pharmacy, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316022, China
| | - Hongyong Lin
- National Engineering Research Center for Marine Aquaculture, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316022, China
| | - Yaoyao Sang
- National Engineering Research Center for Marine Aquaculture, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316022, China
| | - Yu Liu
- Key Laboratory of Key Technical Factors in Zhejiang Seafood Health Hazards, College of Food and Pharmacy, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316022, China; National Engineering Research Center for Marine Aquaculture, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316022, China
| | - Qingbao Ma
- National Engineering Research Center for Marine Aquaculture, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316022, China
| | - Zhongjie Yu
- National Engineering Research Center for Marine Aquaculture, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316022, China
| | - Bin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Key Technical Factors in Zhejiang Seafood Health Hazards, College of Food and Pharmacy, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316022, China
| | - Wei Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Key Technical Factors in Zhejiang Seafood Health Hazards, College of Food and Pharmacy, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316022, China; National Engineering Research Center for Marine Aquaculture, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316022, China.
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Bhushan S, Singh S, Maiti TK, Chaudhari LR, Joshi MG, Dutt D. Silver-doped hydroxyapatite laden chitosan-gelatin nanocomposite scaffolds for bone tissue engineering: an in-vitro and in-ovo evaluation. JOURNAL OF BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE. POLYMER EDITION 2024; 35:206-227. [PMID: 37947007 DOI: 10.1080/09205063.2023.2279795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
Despite the advancements in bone tissue engineering, the majority of implant failures are caused due to microbial contamination. So, efforts are being made to develop biomaterial with antimicrobial property enhancing the regeneration of damaged bone tissue. In the present study, chitosan-gelatin (CG) scaffolds containing silver-doped hydroxyapatite (AgHAP) nanoparticles at 0.5%, 1.0% and 1.5% (w/v) were fabricated by lyophilization technique. The results confirmed the synthesis of AgHAP nanoparticles and showed interconnected porous structure of the nanocomposite scaffolds with 89%-75% porosity. Similarly, the swelling percentage, degradation behavior and compressive modulus of CG-AgHAP nanocomposite scaffolds were 1666%, 40% and 0.7 MPa, respectively. The developed nanocomposite scaffolds revealed better antimicrobial properties and bioactivity. The cell culture studies showed favorable viability of Wharton's jelly stem cells on CG-AgHAP nanocomposite scaffolds. CAM (chorioallantoic membrane) assay determined the angiogenic potential with better visualization of blood vessels in the CAM area. Hence, the obtained results confirmed that CG-AgHAP3 nanocomposite scaffold was the most suitable for bone tissue engineering applications among all scaffolds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sakchi Bhushan
- Department of Paper Technology, IIT Roorkee-Saharanpur Campus, Saharanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Sandhya Singh
- Department of Paper Technology, IIT Roorkee-Saharanpur Campus, Saharanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | | | - Leena R Chaudhari
- Department of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, D.Y. Patil Education Society (Deemed to be University), Kolhapur, Maharashtra, India
| | - Meghnad G Joshi
- Department of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, D.Y. Patil Education Society (Deemed to be University), Kolhapur, Maharashtra, India
| | - Dharm Dutt
- Department of Paper Technology, IIT Roorkee-Saharanpur Campus, Saharanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Sivakumar PM, Yetisgin AA, Sahin SB, Demir E, Cetinel S. Enhanced properties of nickel-silver codoped hydroxyapatite for bone tissue engineering: Synthesis, characterization, and biocompatibility evaluation. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 238:117131. [PMID: 37709242 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.117131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
Hydroxyapatite (HAp) is the most well-known bioceramic and widely utilized in bone tissue regeneration. Hydroxyapatite is biocompatible and bioactive however, it lacks osteogenesis, angiogenesis, and antibacterial properties. In the current study, we synthesized and evaluated a novel nickel (Ni) and silver (Ag) codoped hydroxyapatite (HAp) in comparison to undoped HAp and individually doped HAp samples. Extensive physicochemical characterizations like XRD, TEM, FE-SEM/EDS, FTIR, Raman spectroscopy, and TGA were performed, confirming the crystal structure and morphology of the synthesized HAp samples. All HAp samples exhibited elongated spherical-like nanoparticle morphologies with lengths between 34 and 44 nm and widths between 21 and 26 nm. The presence of dopant atoms, Ag and Ni, were observed in the doped/codoped HAp samples by EDS elemental mapping. Biocompatibility assessments using pre-osteoblast cells indicated high cell viability for all the doped and undoped HAp samples. Osteoinduction potential through alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity measurements and alizarin red S (ARS) staining revealed enhanced calcium deposition in the presence of Ni-Ag codoped HAp compared to other HAp samples and control groups. This highlights the importance of Ni-Ag co-doping in promoting osteogenesis, surpassing the effects of silver doped HAp and nickel doped HAp. The potential of this novel Ni-Ag codoped HAp to induce osteogenesis in pre-osteoblast cells makes it a promising material for various applications in bone tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ponnurengam Malliappan Sivakumar
- Nanotechnology Research and Application Center (SUNUM), Sabanci University, Istanbul, 34956, Turkey; Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, 550000, Viet Nam; School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, 550000, Viet Nam.
| | - Abuzer Alp Yetisgin
- Nanotechnology Research and Application Center (SUNUM), Sabanci University, Istanbul, 34956, Turkey; Sabanci University, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Materials Science and Nano-Engineering Program, Istanbul, 34956, Turkey
| | - Sevilay Burcu Sahin
- Nanotechnology Research and Application Center (SUNUM), Sabanci University, Istanbul, 34956, Turkey; Sabanci University, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Molecular Biology, Genetics and Bioengineering Program, Istanbul, 34956, Turkey
| | - Ebru Demir
- Nanotechnology Research and Application Center (SUNUM), Sabanci University, Istanbul, 34956, Turkey; Sabanci University, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Molecular Biology, Genetics and Bioengineering Program, Istanbul, 34956, Turkey
| | - Sibel Cetinel
- Nanotechnology Research and Application Center (SUNUM), Sabanci University, Istanbul, 34956, Turkey; Sabanci University, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Molecular Biology, Genetics and Bioengineering Program, Istanbul, 34956, Turkey.
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5
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Shao H, Zhang T, Gong Y, He Y. Silver-Containing Biomaterials for Biomedical Hard Tissue Implants. Adv Healthc Mater 2023; 12:e2300932. [PMID: 37300754 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202300932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Bacterial infection caused by biomaterials is a very serious problem in the clinical treatment of implants. The emergence of antibiotic resistance has prompted other antibacterial agents to replace traditional antibiotics. Silver is rapidly developing as an antibacterial candidate material to inhibit bone infections due to its significant advantages such as high antibacterial timeliness, high antibacterial efficiency, and less susceptibility to bacterial resistance. However, silver has strong cytotoxicity, which can cause inflammatory reactions and oxidative stress, thereby destroying tissue regeneration, making the application of silver-containing biomaterials extremely challenging. In this paper, the application of silver in biomaterials is reviewed, focusing on the following three issues: 1) how to ensure the excellent antibacterial properties of silver, and not easy to cause bacterial resistance; 2) how to choose the appropriate method to combine silver with biomaterials; 3) how to make silver-containing biomaterials in hard tissue implants have further research. Following a brief introduction, the discussion focuses on the application of silver-containing biomaterials, with an emphasis on the effects of silver on the physicochemical properties, structural properties, and biological properties of biomaterials. Finally, the review concludes with the authors' perspectives on the challenges and future directions of silver in commercialization and in-depth research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huifeng Shao
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou, 310018, China
- State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power and Mechatronic Systems, School of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
- Key Laboratory of 3D Printing Process and Equipment of Zhejiang Province, School of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
- Zhejiang Guanlin Machinery Limited Company, Anji, Hangzhou, 313300, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou, 310018, China
| | - Youping Gong
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou, 310018, China
| | - Yong He
- State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power and Mechatronic Systems, School of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
- Key Laboratory of 3D Printing Process and Equipment of Zhejiang Province, School of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
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Gavinho SR, Bozdag M, Kalkandelen C, Regadas JS, Jakka SK, Gunduz O, Oktar FN, Graça MPF. An Eco-Friendly Process to Extract Hydroxyapatite from Sheep Bones for Regenerative Medicine: Structural, Morphologic and Electrical Studies. J Funct Biomater 2023; 14:jfb14050279. [PMID: 37233389 DOI: 10.3390/jfb14050279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 05/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Hydroxyapatite (HA) promotes excellent bone regeneration in bone-tissue engineering, due to its similarity to bone mineral and its ability to connect to living tissues. These factors promote the osteointegration process. This process can be enhanced by the presence of electrical charges, stored in the HA. Furthermore, several ions can be added to the HA structure to promote specific biological responses, such as magnesium ions. The main objective of this work was to extract hydroxyapatite from sheep femur bones and to study their structural and electrical properties by adding different amounts of magnesium oxide. The thermal and structural characterizations were performed using DTA, XRD, density, Raman spectroscopy and FTIR analysis. The morphology was studied using SEM, and the electrical measurements were registered as a function of frequency and temperature. Results show that: (i) an increase of MgO amount indicates that the solubility of MgO is below 5%wt for heat treatments at 600 °C; (ii) the rise of MgO content increases the capacity for electrical charge storage; (iii) sheep hydroxyapatite presents itself as a natural source of hydroxyapatite, environmentally sustainable and low cost, and promising for applications in regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mehmet Bozdag
- Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Goztepe Campus, Marmara University, 34722 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Cevriye Kalkandelen
- Vocational School of Technical Sciences, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, 34722 Istanbul, Turkey
| | | | - Suresh Kumar Jakka
- I3N and Physics Department, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Oguzhan Gunduz
- Department of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering, Faculty of Technology, Goztepe Campus, Marmara University, 34722 Istanbul, Turkey
- Center for Nanotechnology & Biomaterials Applications and Research, Goztepe Campus, Marmara University, 34722 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Faik Nuzhet Oktar
- Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Goztepe Campus, Marmara University, 34722 Istanbul, Turkey
- Center for Nanotechnology & Biomaterials Applications and Research, Goztepe Campus, Marmara University, 34722 Istanbul, Turkey
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Karunakaran G, Cho EB, Kumar GS, Kolesnikov E, Govindaraj SK, Mariyappan K, Boobalan S. CTAB enabled microwave-hydrothermal assisted mesoporous Zn-doped hydroxyapatite nanorods synthesis using bio-waste Nodipecten nodosus scallop for biomedical implant applications. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 216:114683. [PMID: 36341797 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.114683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Revised: 09/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
In biomedical exploration, the predominant characteristic is synthesizing and fabricating multifunctional nanostructure with intensified biocompatibility and excellent antibacterial applications to avoid post-surgical implant failure. The objective of the current study is to examine ideal mesoporous zinc-doped hydroxyapatite (HAp) for future use in the field of biomedical research. In the present investigation, we synthesized mesoporous Zn-doped HAp nanorods with varied mole concentrations using a profound microwave hydrothermal method utilizing bio-waste Nodipecten nodosus scallop as a calcium source and CTAB as an organic modifier. Bio-waste Nodipecten nodosus scallop is a widely available cheap calcium precursor which is converted into pure and zinc-doped hydroxyapatite nanorods with the help of the microwave hydrothermal method. Different analytical techniques like spectroscopy and electron microscopy were employed to evaluate and precisely characterize the structural and morphological characteristics in synthesized pure and mesoporous Zn-doped HAp nanorods. CTAB and microwave hydrothermal methods successfully create mesoporous Zn-doped hydroxyapatite nanorods with different sizes and morphology. Mesoporous Zinc-doped HAp nanorods show excellent antibacterial activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae (MTCC 7407) and Bacillus subtilis (MTCC 1133), compared to other nanorods. ZnHAp-3 shows notable excellent results of antibacterial effect towards K. pneumoniae and B. subtilis, by exhibiting 12.36 ± 0.12 and 13.12 ± 0.16 mm zone of inhibition. Furthermore, ZnHAp-1 shows the lower zone of inhibition, while the ZnHAp-3 sample shows the highest zone of inhibition. A foremost study performed was toxicity assays to validate safe attributes of mesoporous zinc-doped HAp intensified with the proliferation function of the zebrafish model. The results reveal the non-toxic behavior of pure and mesoporous zinc-doped HAp samples. Thus, our studies provide evidence for the synthesis technique for the mesoporous zinc-doped HAp nanorods using a novel CTAB-enabled microwave hydrothermal method utilizing bio-waste Nodipecten nodosus scallop as a calcium source will be alternative affordable biocidal antibacterial materials for controlling post-surgical implant failures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gopalu Karunakaran
- Institute for Applied Chemistry, Department of Fine Chemistry, Seoul National University of Science and Technology (Seoultech), Gongneung-ro 232, Nowon-gu, Seoul, 01811, Republic of Korea.
| | - Eun-Bum Cho
- Institute for Applied Chemistry, Department of Fine Chemistry, Seoul National University of Science and Technology (Seoultech), Gongneung-ro 232, Nowon-gu, Seoul, 01811, Republic of Korea.
| | - Govindan Suresh Kumar
- Department of Physics, K.S. Rangasamy College of Arts and Science (Autonomous), Tiruchengode, 637 215, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Evgeny Kolesnikov
- Department of Functional Nanosystems and High-Temperature Materials, National University of Science and Technology "MISiS", Leninskiy Pr. 4, Moscow, 119049, Russia
| | - Sudha Kattakgoundar Govindaraj
- Department of Biotechnology, K.S. Rangasamy College of Arts and Science (Autonomous), Tiruchengode, 637 215, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Kowsalya Mariyappan
- Department of Biotechnology, K.S. Rangasamy College of Arts and Science (Autonomous), Tiruchengode, 637 215, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Selvakumar Boobalan
- Department of Biotechnology, K.S. Rangasamy College of Arts and Science (Autonomous), Tiruchengode, 637 215, Tamil Nadu, India
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Synthesis, Characterization, Antibacterial, Antifungal, Antioxidant, and Anticancer Activities of Nickel-Doped Hydroxyapatite Nanoparticles. FERMENTATION 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/fermentation8120677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this research was to investigate the possible antibacterial, antifungal, antioxidant, and anticancer effects of nickel (Ni2+)-doped hydroxyapatite (HAp) nanoparticles (NPs) synthesized using the sol–gel approach. X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Raman spectroscopy (Raman), field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), and elemental analysis were used to characterize the Ni2+-doped HApNPs. X-ray diffraction investigation showed that the nanoscale structure of Ni2+-doped HApNPs was hexagonal, with an average crystallite size of 39.91 nm. Ni2+-doped HApNPs were found to be almost spherical in form and 40–50 nm in size, as determined by FESEM analysis. According to EDAX, the atomic percentages of Ca, O, P, and Ni were 20.93, 65.21, 13.32, and 0.55, respectively. Ni2+-doped HApNPs exhibited substantial antibacterial properties when tested in vitro against several pathogens, including Escherichia coli, Shigella flexneri, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Staphylococcus aureus. Antibacterial activity, at 50 mg tested concentration, demonstrated superior effects on G-ve bacteria than G+ve pathogens. The antifungal activity of Oidium caricae, Aspergillus flavus, and A. niger revealed a zone of inhibition of 23, 11, and 5 mm, respectively. These actions rely on the organism’s cell wall structure, size, and shape. Incorporating Ni2+ into HApNPs allows them to function as powerful antioxidants. Ni2+-doped HApNPs had a good cytotoxic impact against the HeLa cell line, which improved with increasing concentration and was detected at a 68.81 µg/mL dosage. According to the findings of this study, the Ni2+-doped HApNPs are extremely promising biologically active candidates owing to their improved functional features.
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Shenoy RUK, Rama A, Govindan I, Naha A. The purview of doped nanoparticles: Insights into their biomedical applications. OPENNANO 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.onano.2022.100070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
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Sarrami P, Karbasi S, Farahbakhsh Z, Bigham A, Rafienia M. Fabrication and characterization of novel polyhydroxybutyrate-keratin/nanohydroxyapatite electrospun fibers for bone tissue engineering applications. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 220:1368-1389. [PMID: 36116596 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.09.117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Revised: 09/11/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The role of scaffolds in bone regeneration is of great importance. Here, the electrospun scaffolds of poly (3-hydroxybutyrate)-keratin (PHB-K)/nanohydroxyapatite (nHA) with different morphologies (long nanorods (HAR) and very short nanorods (HAP)) and weight percentages (up to 10 w/w%) of nHA were fabricated and characterized. The fibers integrity, the porosity of above 80%, and increase in pore size up to 16 μm were observed by adding nHA. The nanofibers crystallinity increased by 13.5 and 22.8% after the addition of HAR and HAP, respectively. The scaffolds contact angle decreased by almost 20° and 40° after adding 2.5 w/w% HAR and HAP, respectively. The tensile strength of the scaffolds increased from 2.99 ± 0.3 MPa for PHB-K to 6.44 ± 0.16 and 9.27 ± 0.04 MPa for the scaffolds containing 2.5 w/w% HAR and HAP, respectively. After immersing the scaffolds into simulated body fluid (SBF), the Ca concentration decreased by 55% for HAR- and 73% for HAP-containing scaffolds, showing the bioactivity of nHA-containing scaffolds. The results of cell attachment, proliferation, and viability of MG-63 cells cultured on the nanocomposites showed the positive effects of nHA. The results indicate that the nanocomposite scaffolds, especially HAP-containing ones, can be suitable for bone tissue engineering applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pooriya Sarrami
- Department of Biomaterials, Nanotechnology and Tissue Engineering, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Saeed Karbasi
- Department of Biomaterials, Nanotechnology and Tissue Engineering, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Zohreh Farahbakhsh
- Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, Faculty of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Ashkan Bigham
- Institute of Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials, National Research Council (IPCB-CNR), Viale J.F. Kennedy 54 - Mostra d'Oltremare pad. 20, 80125 Naples, Italy
| | - Mohammad Rafienia
- Biosensor Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
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