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Kumar K, Bhartia A, Mishra RK, Jadon RPS, Kumar J. Diurnal rail noise measurement, analysis, and evaluation of associated health impacts on residents living in the proximity of rail track area. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2024; 196:543. [PMID: 38740673 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-024-12681-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
In India, railway is the major transportation mode for carrying goods and people. The tracks for the movement of the rail were initially constructed in the city for the pre-eminence and expediency of the vantage of the people. Rapid modernization and increasing population in the city crammed the area around the railway tracks. Moving rail on the tracks passing through the city is not compatible, which is creating problems for the nearby residents. In the urban and suburban regions, the railway noise has become a major problem. This study was conducted to examine the perception of the physiological and psychological effects of railway noise in the nearby areas of railway stations in Delhi, India. For this purpose, 10 sites near the railway station were selected for the study. To assess the impact of railway noise pollution on the health of humans, a questionnaire survey was conducted. The data of 344 individuals were collected through the questionnaire survey and analyzed to get the perception towards railway noise. Noise level was monitored by a Sound Level Meter (SLM) and the equivalent noise level (Leq) in dB(A) was used to compute the noise pollution in three shifts, i.e., morning, noon, and evening time. Results showed that 57.65% of female and 86.11% of male respondents in the survey reported the disturbance due to railway noise. The level of noise pollution was found higher in the evening time as compared to the noon and morning period, which exceeds the limit set by the Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) at all the monitored locations. Findings of the study show that the primary cause of the health problems is railroad noise, which is negatively impacting the health of the residents, who are living in the proximity of the rail track region. The perception survey reported that headache, sleep disturbance, irritation, and stress are common health issues among the locals residing around the railway track proximity in Delhi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kranti Kumar
- School of Liberal Studies, Dr. B. R. Ambedkar University Delhi, Delhi, 110006, India.
- Department of Mathematics, Central University of Himachal Pradesh, Dharamshala, 176206, India.
| | - Arun Bhartia
- School of Liberal Studies, Dr. B. R. Ambedkar University Delhi, Delhi, 110006, India
| | - Rajeev Kumar Mishra
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Delhi Technological University, Delhi, 110042, India
| | - Ravi Pratap Singh Jadon
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Delhi Technological University, Delhi, 110042, India
| | - Jitendra Kumar
- Department of Mathematics, Central University of Haryana, Mahendragarh, 123031, India
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Li G, Wu W, Zhou L, Chan W, Wang J, Zhu L, Song L, Lin L, Wu B, Xiao J, Lian Y. Association between occupational noise and obesity: a retrospective cohort study in China. Int Arch Occup Environ Health 2024; 97:155-164. [PMID: 38117351 DOI: 10.1007/s00420-023-02032-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To determine the relationship between occupational noise, and obesity and body mass index (BMI) changes. METHODS Baseline data were collected from participants (n = 1264) who were followed for 6 years in a retrospective study. The noise exposure level (LAeq,8h) was determined by equivalent continuous weighted sound pressure levels using the fixed-point surveillance method for noise monitoring. The cumulative noise exposure (CNE) level was determined using the equal energy formula, which is based on exposure history and level. RESULTS The incidence of obesity at low (RR = 2.364, 95% CI 1.123-4.739]), medium (RR = 3.921, 95% CI 1.946-7.347]), high (RR = 5.242, 95% CI 2.642-9.208]), and severe noise levels (RR = 9.322, 95% CI 5.341-14.428]) was higher risk than the LAeq,8h control level. The risk of obesity among participants exposed to low (RR = 2.957, 95% CI 1.441-6.068]) and high cumulative noise levels (RR = 7.226, 95% CI 3.623-14.415]) was greater than the CNE control level. For every 1 dB(A) increase in LAeq,8h, the BMI increased by 0.063 kg/m2 (95% CI 0.055-0.071], SE = 0.004). For every 1 dB(A) increase in the CNE, the BMI increased by 0.102 kg/m2 (95% CI 0.090-0.113], SE = 0.006). CONCLUSIONS Occupational noise is related to the incidence of obesity. The occupational noise level and occupational noise cumulative level were shown to be positively correlated with an increase in BMI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geyang Li
- Division of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, School of Public Health, Nantong University, Se Yuan Road, No 9, Nantong, 226019, Jiangsu, China
| | - Weile Wu
- General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China
| | - Li Zhou
- Division of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, School of Public Health, Nantong University, Se Yuan Road, No 9, Nantong, 226019, Jiangsu, China
| | - Weiling Chan
- Division of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, School of Public Health, Nantong University, Se Yuan Road, No 9, Nantong, 226019, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jin Wang
- Division of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, School of Public Health, Nantong University, Se Yuan Road, No 9, Nantong, 226019, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lejia Zhu
- Division of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, School of Public Health, Nantong University, Se Yuan Road, No 9, Nantong, 226019, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lin Song
- Division of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, School of Public Health, Nantong University, Se Yuan Road, No 9, Nantong, 226019, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lan Lin
- Division of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, School of Public Health, Nantong University, Se Yuan Road, No 9, Nantong, 226019, Jiangsu, China
| | - Beining Wu
- Division of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, School of Public Health, Nantong University, Se Yuan Road, No 9, Nantong, 226019, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jing Xiao
- Department of Occupational Environmental Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong, 226019, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yulong Lian
- Division of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, School of Public Health, Nantong University, Se Yuan Road, No 9, Nantong, 226019, Jiangsu, China.
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Hu X, Yang T, Xu Z, Jin J, Wang J, Rao S, Li G, Cai YS, Huang J. Mediation of metabolic syndrome in the association between long-term co-exposure to road traffic noise, air pollution and incident type 2 diabetes. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 258:114992. [PMID: 37167735 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.114992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2023] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Recent studies have linked exposure to road traffic noise or air pollution with incident type 2 diabetes (T2D), but investigation on their co-exposure was limited and underlying mechanisms remain unclear. We hypothesized that long-term co-exposure to road traffic noise and air pollution increases the risk of incident T2D via the development of metabolic syndrome (MetS). METHODS This prospective study included 390,834 participants in UK Biobank. Cumulative risk index (CRI), the health-based weighted levels of multiple exposures, was applied to characterize the co-exposure to 24-hour road traffic noise (Lden), particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter ≤ 2.5 µm (PM2.5), and nitrogen dioxide (NO2). Lden was modeled by the Common Noise Assessment Methods in Europe and air pollutant levels were measured by the Land Use Regression model at participants' residential addresses. Incident T2D was ascertained through linkages to inpatient hospital records. MetS was defined by five (central obesity, triglycerides, HDL cholesterol, glucose, and blood pressure) or six factors (C-reactive protein additionally). Cox proportional hazard models were used to assess the association between environmental exposures and incident T2D, and mediation analyses were applied to investigate the role of MetS. RESULTS After a median of 10.9 years of follow-up, 13,214 (3.4%) incident T2D cases were ascertained. The exposure to Lden, PM2.5, and NO2, as well as their co-exposure, were significantly associated with an elevated risk of incident T2D, with HRs of 1.03 (95%CI: 1.00, 1.05) per 3.5 dB(A) increase in Lden, 1.05 (95%CI: 1.01, 1.10) per 1.3 μg/m3 increase in PM2.5, 1.07 (95%CI: 1.02, 1.11) per 9.8 μg/m3 increase in NO2, and 1.06 (95%CI: 1.02, 1.09) per interquartile range increase in CRI. MetS significantly mediated 43.5%- 54.7% of the CRI-T2D relationship. CONCLUSIONS Long-term co-exposure to road traffic noise and air pollution is associated with an elevated risk of incident T2D, which may partly be mediated by MetS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Hu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences, Peking University School of Public Health, 38 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Teng Yang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences, Peking University School of Public Health, 38 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Zhihu Xu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences, Peking University School of Public Health, 38 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Jianbo Jin
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences, Peking University School of Public Health, 38 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Jiawei Wang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences, Peking University School of Public Health, 38 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Shishir Rao
- Deep Medicine, Nuffield Department of Women's and Reproductive Health, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 2BQ, UK
| | - Guoxing Li
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences, Peking University School of Public Health, 38 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China; Environmental Research Group, Faculty of Medicine, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, UK
| | - Yutong Samuel Cai
- Centre for Environmental Health and Sustainability, University of Leicester, University Road, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK; National Institute for Health Research Health Protection Research Unit in Environmental Exposures and Health at the University of Leicester, University Road, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK
| | - Jing Huang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences, Peking University School of Public Health, 38 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China; Peking University Institute of Global Health and Development, 5 Yiheyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100871, China.
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