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Zhang S, Zhang S, Liu Z, Yan K. Remediation of 3,4,3',4'-tetrachlorobiphenyl (PCB77) contaminated soil via a fluidized bed dielectric barrier discharge. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 933:173208. [PMID: 38750758 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.173208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Revised: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024]
Abstract
In this study, 3,4,3',4'-tetrachlorobiphenyl (PCB77) contaminated soil was remediated by a fluidization bed dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) reactor and a fixed bed DBD reactor. The fluidized bed reactor could attain superior removal efficiency of PCB77 under same experimental parameters. In-situ discharge mode was more conducive to the degradation of PCB77 than ex-situ discharge mode due to short-lived active species existing in in-situ discharge. The influence of experimental parameters in the fluidized bed DBD reactor on the degradation of PCB77 were discussed such as electric features, gas features, soil features and initial PCB77 concentration. PCB77 removal efficiency in air discharge could reach 88.5 % after 8 min under the alkaline condition. Optical emission spectroscopy (OES) and quench tests showed that reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) were generated in the discharge system and they both played a vital role in the degradation of PCB77. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) results demonstrated that discharge had little effect on the morphology of soil particles. Energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS), ion chromatography (IC), and total organic carbon (TOC) results showed that the DBD could effectively mineralize and dechlorinate PCB77. The possible degradation pathway of PCB77 was inferred at the end based on the degradation products determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS).
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Affiliation(s)
- Shihao Zhang
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Shuo Zhang
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Zhen Liu
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China.
| | - Keping Yan
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
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Wu S, Qi Y, Guo Y, Zhu Q, Pan W, Wang C, Sun H. The role of iron materials in the abiotic transformation and biotransformation of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs): A review. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 472:134594. [PMID: 38754233 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.134594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Revised: 05/04/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), widely used as flame retardants, easily enter the environment, thus posing environmental and health risks. Iron materials play a key role during the migration and transformation of PBDEs. This article reviews the processes and mechanisms of adsorption, degradation, and biological uptake and transformation of PBDEs affected by iron materials in the environment. Iron materials can effectively adsorb PBDEs through hydrophobic interactions, π-π interactions, hydrogen/halogen bonds, electrostatic interactions, coordination interactions, and pore filling interactions. In addition, they are beneficial for the photodegradation, reduction debromination, and advanced oxidation degradation and debromination of PBDEs. The iron material-microorganism coupling technology affects the uptake and transformation of PBDEs. In addition, iron materials can reduce the uptake of PBDEs in plants, affecting their bioavailability. The species, concentration, and size of iron materials affect plant physiology. Overall, iron materials play a bidirectional role in the biological uptake and transformation of PBDEs. It is necessary to strengthen the positive role of iron materials in reducing the environmental and health risks caused by PBDEs. This article provides innovative ideas for the rational use of iron materials in controlling the migration and transformation of PBDEs in the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sai Wu
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Yuwen Qi
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Yaxin Guo
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Qing Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Weijie Pan
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Cuiping Wang
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.
| | - Hongwen Sun
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
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Xu Y, Teng Y, Wang X, Wang H, Li Y, Ren W, Zhao L, Wei M, Luo Y. Biohydrogen utilization in legume-rhizobium symbiosis reveals a novel mechanism of accelerated tetrachlorobiphenyl transformation. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2024:130918. [PMID: 38823562 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2024.130918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2024] [Revised: 05/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/03/2024]
Abstract
Symbiosis between Glycine max and Bradyrhizobium diazoefficiens were used as a model system to investigate whether biohydrogen utilization promotes the transformation of the tetrachlorobiphenyl PCB77. Both a H2 uptake-positive (Hup+) strain (wild type) and a Hup- strain (a hupL deletion mutant) were inoculated into soybean nodules. Compared with Hup- nodules, Hup+ nodules increased dechlorination significantly by 61.1 % and reduced the accumulation of PCB77 in nodules by 37.7 % (p < 0.05). After exposure to nickel, an enhancer of uptake hydrogenase, dechlorination increased significantly by 2.2-fold, and the accumulation of PCB77 in nodules decreased by 54.4 % (p < 0.05). Furthermore, the tetrachlorobiphenyl transformation in the soybean root nodules was mainly testified to be mediated by nitrate reductase (encoded by the gene NR) for tetrachlorobiphenyl dechlorination and biphenyl-2,3-diol 1,2-dioxygenase (bphC) for biphenyl degradation. This study demonstrates for the first time that biohydrogen utilization has a beneficial effect on tetrachlorobiphenyl biotransformation in a legume-rhizobium symbiosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongfeng Xu
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Ying Teng
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Xiaomi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Hongzhe Wang
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yanning Li
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Wenjie Ren
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Ling Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Min Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-ecosystems, College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Yongming Luo
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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Guo J, Zhou J, Liu S, Shen L, Liang X, Wang T, Zhu L. Underlying Mechanisms for Low-Molecular-Weight Dissolved Organic Matter to Promote Translocation and Transformation of Chlorinated Polyfluoroalkyl Ether Sulfonate in Wheat. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2022; 56:15617-15626. [PMID: 36272151 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.2c04356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Dissolved organic matter (DOM) such as fulvic acid (FA) and humic acid (HA) in soil considerably affects the fate of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs). However, the effect of DOM on their behavior in plants remains unclear. Herein, hydroponic experiments indicate that FA and HA reduce the accumulation of an emerging PFAS of high concern, 6:2 chlorinated polyfluoroalkyl ether sulfonate (6:2 Cl-PFESA), in wheat roots by reducing its bioavailability in the solution. Nevertheless, FA with low molecular weight (MW) promotes its absorption and translocation from the roots to the shoots by stimulating the activity and the related genes of the plasma membrane H+-ATPase, whereas high-MW HA shows the opposite effect. Moreover, in vivo and in vitro experiments indicate that 6:2 Cl-PFESA undergoes reductive dechlorination, which is regulated mainly using nitrate reductase and glutathione transferase. HA and FA, particularly the latter, promote the dechlorination of 6:2 Cl-PFESA in wheat by enhancing electron transfer efficiency and superoxide production. Transcriptomic analysis indicates that FA also stimulates catalytic activity, cation binding, and oxidoreductase activity, facilitating 6:2 Cl-PFESA transformation in wheat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Guo
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang, Shaanxi712100, P. R. China
| | - Jian Zhou
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang, Shaanxi712100, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and the Agri-environment in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, No. 3 Taicheng Road, Yangling, Xianyang, Shaanxi712100, P. R. China
| | - Siqian Liu
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang, Shaanxi712100, P. R. China
| | - Lina Shen
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang, Shaanxi712100, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoxue Liang
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang, Shaanxi712100, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and the Agri-environment in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, No. 3 Taicheng Road, Yangling, Xianyang, Shaanxi712100, P. R. China
| | - Tiecheng Wang
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang, Shaanxi712100, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and the Agri-environment in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, No. 3 Taicheng Road, Yangling, Xianyang, Shaanxi712100, P. R. China
| | - Lingyan Zhu
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang, Shaanxi712100, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and the Agri-environment in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, No. 3 Taicheng Road, Yangling, Xianyang, Shaanxi712100, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin300071, P. R. China
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Zhou L, Wang X, Ren W, Xu Y, Zhao L, Zhang Y, Teng Y. Contribution of autochthonous diazotrophs to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon dissipation in contaminated soils. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 719:137410. [PMID: 32120099 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.137410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2019] [Revised: 02/12/2020] [Accepted: 02/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the role played by autochthonous functional microbes involved in the biotransformation of pollutants would help optimize bioremediation performance at contaminated sites. However, our knowledge of the remediation potential of indigenous diazotrophs in contaminated soils remains inadequate. Using a microcosm experiment, soil nitrogen fixation activity was manipulated by molybdenum (Mo) and tungsten (W), and their effect on the removal of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) was determined in agricultural and industrial soils. Results showed that after 42 days of incubation, PAH dissipation efficiency was significantly enhanced by 1.06-fold in 600 μg kg-1 Mo-treated agricultural soil, compared with that in the control. For the industrial soil, 1200 μg kg-1 Mo treatment significantly promoted PAH removal by 90.76% in 21 days, whereas no significant change was observed between treatments and control at the end of the incubation period. W also exerted a similar effect on PAH dissipation. The activity and gene abundance of nitrogenase were also increased under Mo/W treatments in the two soils. Spearman's correlation analysis further indicated that removal of PAHs was positively correlated with nitrogenase activity in soil, which could be due to the elevated abundances of PAH-degrading genes (PAH-RHDα) in these treatments. Our results suggest the importance of autochthonous diazotrophs in PAH-contaminated soils, which indicates a feasible and environmentally friendly biostimulation strategy of manipulating nitrogen fixation capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Zhou
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211800, China; Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Xiaomi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Wenjie Ren
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Yongfeng Xu
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Ling Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Yufeng Zhang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211800, China.
| | - Ying Teng
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China.
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Combined Effects of Compost and Medicago Sativa in Recovery a PCB Contaminated Soil. WATER 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/w12030860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
The effectiveness of adding compost and the plant Medicago sativa in improving the quality of a soil historically contaminated by polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) was tested in greenhouse microcosms. Plant pots, containing soil samples from an area contaminated by PCBs, were treated with the compost and the plant, separately or together. Moreover, un-treated and un-planted microcosms were used as controls. At fixed times (1, 133 and 224 days), PCBs were analysed and the structure (cell abundance, phylogenetic characterization) and functioning (cell viability, dehydrogenase activity) of the natural microbial community were also measured. The results showed the effectiveness of the compost and plant in increasing the microbial activity, cell viability, and bacteria/fungi ratio, and in decreasing the amount of higher-chlorinated PCBs. Moreover, a higher number of α-Proteobacteria, one of the main bacterial groups involved in the degradation of PCBs, was found in the compost and plant co-presence.
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Zhu TK, Du PP, Zeng LJ, Lü H, Zhao HM, Li YW, Mo CH, Cai QY. Variation in metabolism and degradation of di-n-butyl phthalate (DBP) by high- and low-DBP accumulating cultivars of rice (Oryza sativa L.) and crude enzyme extracts. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 668:1117-1127. [PMID: 31018452 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.03.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2019] [Revised: 03/01/2019] [Accepted: 03/04/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Crops can take up and accumulate di-n-butyl phthalate (DBP), an extensively used plasticizer with endocrine disrupting effect, which poses potential risk to human health. Our previous study found the genotype variation in accumulation of DBP by different cultivars of rice (Oryza sativa L.). Nevertheless, the effect of DBP metabolism in vivo on the accumulation variation among different plant cultivars remains unknown. In this study, metabolism variation of DBP by low (Fengyousimiao) and high (Peizataifeng) DBP-accumulating cultivars of rice and the key enzymes involving in DBP metabolism in rice plants were investigated using in vivo exposure of rice plants and in vitro exposure of root crude enzyme extracts. Both mono-n-butyl phthalate (MBP) and phthalic acid (PA) were detected as DBP metabolites in all rice tissues (i.e., roots, stems, leaves) and crude enzyme extracts with MBP predominance. DBP metabolism occurred simultaneously when DBP uptake with the highest metabolism in roots in vivo. Degradation of DBP in root crude enzyme extracts fitted well with the first order kinetics (R2 = 0.49-0.76, P < 0.05). The activity of carboxylesterase (CXE) in root crude enzyme extracts was significantly positively correlated with DBP degradation rates. CXE played an important role in DBP metabolism of rice plants, confirming by the fact that triphenyl phosphate of CXE inhibitor could inhibit DBP metabolism of in vivo and in vitro exposure. This result was further confirmed by in vitro degradation of DBP with the commercial pure CXE. The crude enzyme solution from roots of Fengyousimiao with higher CXE activity had significantly higher DBP degradation rates than that of Peizataifeng. However, Fengyousimiao with lower tolerance to DBP stress and higher inhibition by triphenyl phosphate displayed lower DBP metabolism ability in vivo than Peizataifeng.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting-Kai Zhu
- Guangdong Provincial Research Center for Environment Pollution Control and Remediation Materials, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Pei-Pei Du
- Guangdong Provincial Research Center for Environment Pollution Control and Remediation Materials, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Li-Juan Zeng
- Guangdong Provincial Research Center for Environment Pollution Control and Remediation Materials, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Huixiong Lü
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Hai-Ming Zhao
- Guangdong Provincial Research Center for Environment Pollution Control and Remediation Materials, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Yan-Wen Li
- Guangdong Provincial Research Center for Environment Pollution Control and Remediation Materials, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Ce-Hui Mo
- Guangdong Provincial Research Center for Environment Pollution Control and Remediation Materials, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Quan-Ying Cai
- Guangdong Provincial Research Center for Environment Pollution Control and Remediation Materials, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
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Wang X, Teng Y, Tu C, Luo Y, Greening C, Zhang N, Dai S, Ren W, Zhao L, Li Z. Coupling between Nitrogen Fixation and Tetrachlorobiphenyl Dechlorination in a Rhizobium-Legume Symbiosis. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2018; 52:2217-2224. [PMID: 29363956 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.7b05667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Legume-rhizobium symbioses have the potential to remediate soils contaminated with chlorinated organic compounds. Here, the model symbiosis between Medicago sativa and Sinorhizobium meliloti was used to explore the relationships between symbiotic nitrogen fixation and transformation of tetrachlorobiphenyl PCB 77 within this association. 45-day-old seedlings in vermiculite were pretreated with 5 mg L-1 PCB 77 for 5 days. In PCB-supplemented nodules, addition of the nitrogenase enhancer molybdate significantly stimulated dechlorination by 7.2-fold and reduced tissue accumulation of PCB 77 (roots by 96% and nodules by 93%). Conversely, dechlorination decreased in plants exposed to a nitrogenase inhibitor (nitrate) or harboring nitrogenase-deficient symbionts (nifA mutant) by 29% and 72%, respectively. A range of dechlorinated products (biphenyl, methylbiphenyls, hydroxylbiphenyls, and trichlorobiphenyl derivatives) were detected within nodules and roots under nitrogen-fixing conditions. Levels of nitrogenase-derived hydrogen and leghemoglobin expression correlated positively with nodular dechlorination rates, suggesting a more reducing environment promotes PCB dechlorination. Our findings demonstrate for the first time that symbiotic nitrogen fixation acts as a driving force for tetrachlorobiphenyl dechlorination. In turn, this opens new possibilities for using rhizobia to enhance phytoremediation of halogenated organic compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science , Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, P.R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049, P.R. China
| | - Ying Teng
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science , Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, P.R. China
| | - Chen Tu
- Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research , Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, P.R. China
| | - Yongming Luo
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science , Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research , Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, P.R. China
| | - Chris Greening
- School of Biological Sciences, Monash University , Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Ning Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science , Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, P.R. China
| | - Shixiang Dai
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science , Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, P.R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049, P.R. China
| | - Wenjie Ren
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science , Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, P.R. China
| | - Ling Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science , Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, P.R. China
| | - Zhengao Li
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science , Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, P.R. China
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Rylott EL, Johnston EJ, Bruce NC. Harnessing microbial gene pools to remediate persistent organic pollutants using genetically modified plants--a viable technology? JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2015; 66:6519-33. [PMID: 26283045 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erv384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
It has been 14 years since the international community came together to legislate the Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs), restricting the production and use of specific chemicals that were found to be environmentally stable, often bioaccumulating, with long-term toxic effects. Efforts are continuing to remove these pollutants from the environment. While incineration and chemical treatment can be successful, these methods require the removal of tonnes of soil, at high cost, and are damaging to soil structure and microbial communities. The engineering of plants for in situ POP remediation has had highly promising results, and could be a more environmentally-friendly alternative. This review discusses the characterization of POP-degrading bacterial pathways, and how the genes responsible have been harnessed using genetic modification (GM) to introduce these same abilities into plants. Recent advances in multi-gene cloning, genome editing technologies and expression in monocot species are accelerating progress with remediation-applicable species. Examples include plants developed to degrade 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT), hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine (RDX), trichloroethylene (TCE), and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). However, the costs and timescales needed to gain regulatory approval, along with continued public opposition, are considerable. The benefits and challenges in this rapidly developing and promising field are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth L Rylott
- Centre for Novel Agricultural Products, Department of Biology, University of York, Wentworth Way, York, YO10 5DD, UK
| | - Emily J Johnston
- Centre for Novel Agricultural Products, Department of Biology, University of York, Wentworth Way, York, YO10 5DD, UK
| | - Neil C Bruce
- Centre for Novel Agricultural Products, Department of Biology, University of York, Wentworth Way, York, YO10 5DD, UK
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Teng Y, Wang X, Li L, Li Z, Luo Y. Rhizobia and their bio-partners as novel drivers for functional remediation in contaminated soils. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2015; 6:32. [PMID: 25699064 PMCID: PMC4318275 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2015.00032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2014] [Accepted: 01/13/2015] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Environmental pollutants have received considerable attention due to their serious effects on human health. There are physical, chemical, and biological means to remediate pollution; among them, bioremediation has become increasingly popular. The nitrogen-fixing rhizobia are widely distributed in the soil and root ecosystems and can increase legume growth and production by supplying nitrogen, resulting in the reduced need for fertilizer applications. Rhizobia also possess the biochemical and ecological capacity to degrade organic pollutants and are resistant to heavy metals, making them useful for rehabilitating contaminated soils. Moreover, rhizobia stimulate the survival and action of other biodegrading bacteria, thereby lowering the concentration of pollutants. The synergistic action of multiple rhizobial strains enhances both plant growth and the availability of pollutants ranging from heavy metals to persistent organic pollutants. Because phytoremediation has some restrictions, the beneficial interaction between plants and rhizobia provides a promising option for remediation. This review describes recent advances in the exploitation of rhizobia for the rehabilitation of contaminated soil and the biochemical and molecular mechanisms involved, thereby promoting further development of this novel bioremediation strategy into a widely accepted technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Teng
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of SciencesNanjing, China
- *Correspondence: Ying Teng, Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, East Beijing Road No. 71, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, China e-mail:
| | - Xiaomi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of SciencesNanjing, China
| | - Lina Li
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of SciencesNanjing, China
| | - Zhengao Li
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of SciencesNanjing, China
| | - Yongming Luo
- Key Laboratory of Coastal Zone Environmental Processes, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of SciencesYantai, China
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Gomes HI, Dias-Ferreira C, Ribeiro AB. Overview of in situ and ex situ remediation technologies for PCB-contaminated soils and sediments and obstacles for full-scale application. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2013; 445-446:237-60. [PMID: 23334318 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2012.11.098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2012] [Revised: 11/28/2012] [Accepted: 11/28/2012] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB) are persistent organic pollutants used worldwide between the 1930s and 1980s. Although their use has been heavily restricted, PCB can be found in contaminated soils and sediments. The most frequent remediation solutions adopted are "dig and dump" and "dig and incinerate", but there are currently new methods that could be more sustainable alternatives. This paper takes a look into the remediation options available for PCB-contaminated soils and sediments, differentiating between biological, chemical, physical and thermal methods. The use of combined technologies was also reviewed. Most of them are still in an initial development stage and further research in different implementation issues is needed. There is no single technology that is the solution for PCB contamination problem. The successful remediation of a site will depend on proper selection, design and adjustment of the technology or combined technologies to the site characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helena I Gomes
- CENSE - Center for Environmental and Sustainability Research, Departamento de Ciências e Engenharia do Ambiente, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal.
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Alvarez A, Benimeli CS, Saez JM, Fuentes MS, Cuozzo SA, Polti MA, Amoroso MJ. Bacterial bio-resources for remediation of hexachlorocyclohexane. Int J Mol Sci 2012; 13:15086-106. [PMID: 23203113 PMCID: PMC3509629 DOI: 10.3390/ijms131115086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2012] [Revised: 09/29/2012] [Accepted: 10/17/2012] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
In the last few decades, highly toxic organic compounds like the organochlorine pesticide (OP) hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH) have been released into the environment. All HCH isomers are acutely toxic to mammals. Although nowadays its use is restricted or completely banned in most countries, it continues posing serious environmental and health concerns. Since HCH toxicity is well known, it is imperative to develop methods to remove it from the environment. Bioremediation technologies, which use microorganisms and/or plants to degrade toxic contaminants, have become the focus of interest. Microorganisms play a significant role in the transformation and degradation of xenobiotic compounds. Many Gram-negative bacteria have been reported to have metabolic abilities to attack HCH. For instance, several Sphingomonas strains have been reported to degrade the pesticide. On the other hand, among Gram-positive microorganisms, actinobacteria have a great potential for biodegradation of organic and inorganic toxic compounds. This review compiles and updates the information available on bacterial removal of HCH, particularly by Streptomyces strains, a prolific genus of actinobacteria. A brief account on the persistence and deleterious effects of these pollutant chemical is also given.
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Affiliation(s)
- Analía Alvarez
- Pilot Plant of Industrial and Microbiological Processes (PROIMI), CONICET, Av. Belgrano y Pasaje Caseros, 4000 Tucumán, Argentina; E-Mails: (A.A.); (C.S.B.); (J.M.S.); (M.S.F.); (S.A.C.); (M.A.P.)
- Natural Sciences College and Miguel Lillo Institute, National University of Tucumán, Miguel Lillo 205, 4000 Tucumán, Argentina
| | - Claudia S. Benimeli
- Pilot Plant of Industrial and Microbiological Processes (PROIMI), CONICET, Av. Belgrano y Pasaje Caseros, 4000 Tucumán, Argentina; E-Mails: (A.A.); (C.S.B.); (J.M.S.); (M.S.F.); (S.A.C.); (M.A.P.)
- North University of Saint Thomas Aquines, 9 de Julio 165, 4000 Tucumán, Argentina
| | - Juliana M. Saez
- Pilot Plant of Industrial and Microbiological Processes (PROIMI), CONICET, Av. Belgrano y Pasaje Caseros, 4000 Tucumán, Argentina; E-Mails: (A.A.); (C.S.B.); (J.M.S.); (M.S.F.); (S.A.C.); (M.A.P.)
| | - María S. Fuentes
- Pilot Plant of Industrial and Microbiological Processes (PROIMI), CONICET, Av. Belgrano y Pasaje Caseros, 4000 Tucumán, Argentina; E-Mails: (A.A.); (C.S.B.); (J.M.S.); (M.S.F.); (S.A.C.); (M.A.P.)
| | - Sergio A. Cuozzo
- Pilot Plant of Industrial and Microbiological Processes (PROIMI), CONICET, Av. Belgrano y Pasaje Caseros, 4000 Tucumán, Argentina; E-Mails: (A.A.); (C.S.B.); (J.M.S.); (M.S.F.); (S.A.C.); (M.A.P.)
- Natural Sciences College and Miguel Lillo Institute, National University of Tucumán, Miguel Lillo 205, 4000 Tucumán, Argentina
| | - Marta A. Polti
- Pilot Plant of Industrial and Microbiological Processes (PROIMI), CONICET, Av. Belgrano y Pasaje Caseros, 4000 Tucumán, Argentina; E-Mails: (A.A.); (C.S.B.); (J.M.S.); (M.S.F.); (S.A.C.); (M.A.P.)
- Natural Sciences College and Miguel Lillo Institute, National University of Tucumán, Miguel Lillo 205, 4000 Tucumán, Argentina
| | - María J. Amoroso
- Pilot Plant of Industrial and Microbiological Processes (PROIMI), CONICET, Av. Belgrano y Pasaje Caseros, 4000 Tucumán, Argentina; E-Mails: (A.A.); (C.S.B.); (J.M.S.); (M.S.F.); (S.A.C.); (M.A.P.)
- North University of Saint Thomas Aquines, 9 de Julio 165, 4000 Tucumán, Argentina
- Biochemistry, Chemistry and Pharmacy College, National University of Tucumán, Ayacucho 471, 4000 Tucumán, Argentina
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Aken BV, Correa PA, Schnoor JL. Phytoremediation of polychlorinated biphenyls: new trends and promises. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2010; 44:2767-76. [PMID: 20384372 PMCID: PMC3025541 DOI: 10.1021/es902514d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 165] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Transgenic plants and associated bacteria constitute a new generation of genetically modified organisms for efficient and environment-friendly treatment of soil and water contaminated with polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). This review focuses on recent advances in phytoremediation for the treatment of PCBs, including the development of transgenic plants and associated bacteria. Phytoremediation, or the use of higher plants for rehabilitation of soil and groundwater, is a promising strategy for cost-effective treatment of sites contaminated by toxic compounds, including PCBs. Plants can help mitigate environmental pollution by PCBs through a range of mechanisms: besides uptake from soil (phytoextraction), plants are capable of enzymatic transformation of PCBs (phytotransformation); by releasing a variety of secondary metabolites, plants also enhance the microbial activity in the root zone, improving biodegradation of PCBs (rhizoremediation). However, because of their hydrophobicity and chemical stability, PCBs are only slowly taken up and degraded by plants and associated bacteria, resulting in incomplete treatment and potential release of toxic metabolites into the environment. Moreover, naturally occurring plant-associated bacteria may not possess the enzymatic machinery necessary for PCB degradation. To overcome these limitations, bacterial genes involved in the metabolism of PCBs, such as biphenyl dioxygenases, have been introduced into higher plants, following a strategy similar to the development of transgenic crops. Similarly, bacteria have been genetically modified that exhibit improved biodegradation capabilities and are able to maintain stable relationships with plants. Transgenic plants and associated bacteria bring hope for a broader and more efficient application of phytoremediation for the treatment of PCBs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benoit Van Aken
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
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Liu J, Hu D, Jiang G, Schnoor JL. In vivo biotransformation of 3,3',4,4'-tetrachlorobiphenyl by whole plants-poplars and switchgrass. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2009; 43:7503-9. [PMID: 19848168 PMCID: PMC2754666 DOI: 10.1021/es901244h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are widely distributed persistent organic pollutants. In vitro research has shown that plant cell cultures might transform lower chlorinated congeners to hydroxylated PCBs, but there are few studies on in vivo metabolism of PCBs by intact whole plants. In this research, poplar plants (Populus deltoides x nigra, DN34) and switchgrass (Panicum vigratum, Alamo) were hydroponically exposed to 3,3',4,4'-tetrachlorobiphenyl (CB77). Metabolism in plants occurred rapidly, and metabolites were detected after only a 24 h exposure. Rearrangement of chlorine atoms and dechlorination of CB77 by plants was unexpectedly observed. In addition, poplars were able to hydroxylate CB77 and the metabolite 6-hydroxy-3,3,4,4'-tetrachlorobiphenyl 6-OH-CB77) was identified and quantified. Hybrid poplar was able to hydroxylate CB77, but switchgrass was not, suggesting that enzymatic transformations are plant specific. Sulfur-containing metabolites (from the action of sulfotransferases) were investigated in this study, but they were not detected in either poplar or switchgrass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiyan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 2871, Beijing 100085, China.
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