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Liu X, Liu W, Su Z, Lu J, Zhang P, Cai M, Li W, Liu F, Andersen MN, Manevski K. Biochar addition and reduced irrigation modulates leaf morpho-physiology and biological nitrogen fixation in faba bean-ryegrass intercropping. Sci Total Environ 2024; 925:171731. [PMID: 38492602 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.171731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 02/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024]
Abstract
Intercropping legume with grass has potential to increase biomass and protein yield via biological N2-fixation (BNF) benefits, whereas the joint effects of biochar (BC) coupled with deficit irrigation on intercropping systems remain elusive. A 15N isotope-labelled experiment was implemented to investigate morpho-physiological responses of faba bean-ryegrass intercrops on low- (550 °C, LTBC) or high-temperature BC (800 °C, HTBC) amended sandy-loam soil under full (FI), deficit (DI) and partial root-zone drying irrigation (PRD). LTBC and HTBC significantly reduced intrinsic water-use efficiency (WUE) by 12 and 14 %, and instantaneous WUE by 8 and 16 %, respectively, in faba bean leaves, despite improved photosynthetic (An) and transpiration rate (Tr), and stomatal conductance (gs). Compared to FI, DI and PRD lowered faba bean An, gs and Tr, but enhanced leaf-scale and time-integrated WUE as proxied by the diminished shoots Δ13C. PRD enhanced WUE as lower gs, Tr and guard cell length than DI-plants. Despite higher carbon ([C]) and N concentration ([N]) in faba bean shoots amended by BC, the aboveground C- and N-pool of faba bean were reduced, while these pools increased for ryegrass. The N-use efficiency (NUE) in faba bean shoots was reduced by 9 and 14 % for LTBC and HTBC, respectively, but not for ryegrass. Interestingly, ryegrass shoots had 52 % higher NUE than faba bean shoots. The N derived from atmosphere (% Ndfa) was increased by 2 and 9 % under LTBC and HTBC, respectively, while it decreased slightly by reduced irrigation. Quantity of BNF in faba bean aboveground biomass decreased with HTBC coupled with reduced irrigation, mainly towards decreased biomass and soil N uptake by faba bean. Therefore, HTBC might not be a feasible option to improve WUE and BNF in faba bean-ryegrass intercropping, but PRD is permissible as the clear trade-off between BC and PRD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuezhi Liu
- School of Civil and Hydraulic Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China; Engineering Technology Research Center of Water-Saving and Water Resource Regulation in Ningxia, Yinchuan 750021, China; Ningxia Waler-saving Irrigation and Water Resource Control Engineering Technology Research Center, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750021, China.
| | - Weilun Liu
- School of Civil and Hydraulic Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China
| | - Zhenjuan Su
- School of Civil and Hydraulic Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China.
| | - Junsheng Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-ecosystems, College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- School of Civil and Hydraulic Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China
| | - Mengting Cai
- School of Civil and Hydraulic Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China
| | - Wangcheng Li
- School of Civil and Hydraulic Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China; Engineering Technology Research Center of Water-Saving and Water Resource Regulation in Ningxia, Yinchuan 750021, China; Ningxia Waler-saving Irrigation and Water Resource Control Engineering Technology Research Center, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750021, China
| | - Fulai Liu
- Department of Plant and Environmental Science, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Højbakkegaard Alle 13, 2630 Taastrup, Denmark; Sino-Danish Center for Education and Research, Eastern Yanqihu campus, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 380 Huaibeizhuang, 101400 Beijing, China
| | - Mathias Neumann Andersen
- Department of Agroecology, Aarhus University, Blichers Allé 20, 8830 Tjele, Denmark; Sino-Danish Center for Education and Research, Eastern Yanqihu campus, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 380 Huaibeizhuang, 101400 Beijing, China
| | - Kiril Manevski
- Department of Agroecology, Aarhus University, Blichers Allé 20, 8830 Tjele, Denmark; Sino-Danish Center for Education and Research, Eastern Yanqihu campus, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 380 Huaibeizhuang, 101400 Beijing, China.
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Cao W, Zhao J, Cai Y, Mo Y, Ma J, Zhang G, Jiang X, Jia Z. Ridge with no-tillage facilitates microbial N 2 fixation associated with methane oxidation in rice soil. Sci Total Environ 2024; 923:171172. [PMID: 38402982 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.171172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
Aerobic methane-oxidizing bacteria (MOB) play a crucial role in mitigating the greenhouse gas methane emission, particularly prevalent in flooded wetlands. The implementation of ridge with no-tillage practices within a rice-rape rotation system proves effective in overcoming the restrictive redox conditions associated with waterlogging. This approach enhances capillary water availability from furrows, especially during periods of low rainfall, thereby supporting plant growth on the ridges. However, the microbe-mediated accumulation of soil organic carbon and nitrogen remains insufficiently understood under this agricultural practice, particularly concerning methane oxidation, which holds ecological and agricultural significance in the rice fields. In this study, the ridge and ditch soils from a 28-year-old ridge with no-tillage rice field experiment were utilized for incubation with 13C-CH4 and 15NN2 to estimate the methane-oxidizing and N2-fixing potentials. Our findings reveal a significantly higher net production of fresh soil organic carbon in the ridge compared to the ditch soil during methane oxidation, with values of 626 and 543 μg 13C g-1 dry weight soil, respectively. Additionally, the fixed 15N exhibited a twofold increase in the ridge soil (14.1 μg 15N g-1 dry weight soil) compared to the ditch soil. Interestingly, the result of DNA-based stable isotope probing indicated no significant differences in active MOB and N2 fixers between ridge and ditch soils. Both Methylocystis-like type II and Methylosarcina/Methylomonas-like type I MOB catalyzed methane into organic biomass carbon pools. Soil N2-fixing activity was associated with the 15N-labeling of methane oxidizers and non-MOB, such as methanol oxidizers (Hyphomicrobium) and conventional N2 fixers (Burkholderia). Methane oxidation also fostered microbial interactions, as evidenced by co-occurrence patterns. These results underscore the dual role of microbial methane oxidation - not only as a recognized sink for the potent greenhouse gas methane but also as a source of soil organic carbon and bioavailable nitrogen. This emphasizes the pivotal role of microbial methane metabolism in contributing to soil carbon and nitrogen accumulation in ridge with no-tillage systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Jun Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, PR China; Institute for Food and Agricultural Sciences (IFAS), Department of Microbiology & Cell Science, Fort Lauderdale Research and Education Center, University of Florida, Davie, FL 33314, USA
| | - Yuanfeng Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, PR China
| | - Yongliang Mo
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, PR China; College of Environmental Science and Engineering, China West Normal University, Nanchong 637002, PR China
| | - Jingjing Ma
- Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Science, Changchun 130102, PR China
| | - Guangbin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, PR China
| | - Xianjun Jiang
- College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, PR China
| | - Zhongjun Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China; Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Science, Changchun 130102, PR China.
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Cho A, Joshi A, Hur HG, Lee JH. Nodulation Experiment by Cross-Inoculation of Nitrogen-Fixing Bacteria Isolated from Root Nodules of Several Leguminous Plants. J Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 34:570-579. [PMID: 38213271 PMCID: PMC11016771 DOI: 10.4014/jmb.2310.10025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
Root-nodule nitrogen-fixing bacteria are known for being specific to particular legumes. This study isolated the endophytic root-nodule bacteria from the nodules of legumes and examined them to determine whether they could be used to promote the formation of nodules in other legumes. Forty-six isolates were collected from five leguminous plants and screened for housekeeping (16S rRNA), nitrogen fixation (nifH), and nodulation (nodC) genes. Based on the 16S rRNA gene sequencing and phylogenetic analysis, the bacterial isolates WC15, WC16, WC24, and GM5 were identified as Rhizobium, Sphingomonas, Methylobacterium, and Bradyrhizobium, respectively. The four isolates were found to have the nifH gene, and the study confirmed that one isolate (GM5) had both the nifH and nodC genes. The Salkowski method was used to measure the isolated bacteria for their capacity to produce phytohormone indole acetic acid (IAA). Additional experiments were performed to examine the effect of the isolated bacteria on root morphology and nodulation. Among the four tested isolates, both WC24 and GM5 induced nodulation in Glycine max. The gene expression studies revealed that GM5 had a higher expression of the nifH gene. The existence and expression of the nitrogen-fixing genes implied that the tested strain had the ability to fix the atmospheric nitrogen. These findings demonstrated that a nitrogen-fixing bacterium, Methylobacterium (WC24), isolated from a Trifolium repens, induced the formation of root nodules in non-host leguminous plants (Glycine max). This suggested the potential application of these rhizobia as biofertilizer. Further studies are required to verify the N2-fixing efficiency of the isolates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahyeon Cho
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Alpana Joshi
- Department of Bioenvironmental Chemistry, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Republic of Korea
- Department of Agriculture Technology & Agri-Informatics, Shobhit Institute of Engineering & Technology, Meerut 250110, India
| | - Hor-Gil Hur
- School of Earth Sciences and Environmental Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Hoon Lee
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Republic of Korea
- Department of Bioenvironmental Chemistry, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Republic of Korea
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García Carriquiry I, Silva V, Raevel F, Harkes P, Osman R, Bentancur O, Fernandez G, Geissen V. Effects of mixtures of herbicides on nutrient cycling and plant support considering current agriculture practices. Chemosphere 2024; 349:140925. [PMID: 38086451 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.140925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
The use of mixtures of pesticides and consecutive pesticide applications challenge current regulations aimed at protecting ecosystem health due to unpredictable effects of complex and dynamic mixtures. In this study, we tested the ecotoxicological effects of mixtures of herbicides, applied following a real application scheme of soybean production on soil health in a mesocosm experiment. The experiment included two sequential applications; first, glyphosate + dicamba + clethodim, and 30 days later, flumioxazin + metolachlor. Commercial products were used at the recommended doses and at two other concentrations: half and double the recommended dose. Soybean plants were exposed to the herbicide-contaminated soil from the time of sowing to the beginning of pod formation. Half of the plants were harvested at the vegetative stage and the remaining plants at the reproductive stage to evaluate endpoints related to plant support and nutrient cycling. Plant biomass was significantly affected during the vegetative stage at the recommended and double the recommended dose, with the effects being mixture-dose dependent. Lower total and arbuscular colonization of mycorrhizas were also observed in double the recommended dose, and intermediate results were observed for the recommended dose. Nodule mass and phosphorous concentration in plants decreased with increasing herbicide doses. By the end of the experiment, nodule mass and total mycorrhizal colonization were low in the plants treated with double the recommended dose of herbicides. However, both endpoints reached similar values to the control at lower herbicide doses. Plant height and phenology were only lower at double the recommended dose during the experiment. The use of non-standard endpoints evidenced that important soil functions were transiently or permanently affected, while the realistic application scheme accounted for the impact of the management practice currently used. Pesticide risk assessment should therefore, incorporate both issues to effectively protect the ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- I García Carriquiry
- Soil Physics & Land Management Group, Wageningen University & Research, Netherlands; CENUR Litoral Norte, Universidad de la República, Uruguay.
| | - V Silva
- Soil Physics & Land Management Group, Wageningen University & Research, Netherlands
| | - F Raevel
- Soil Physics & Land Management Group, Wageningen University & Research, Netherlands
| | - P Harkes
- Soil Physics & Land Management Group, Wageningen University & Research, Netherlands
| | - R Osman
- Soil Physics & Land Management Group, Wageningen University & Research, Netherlands
| | - O Bentancur
- Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad de la República, Uruguay
| | - G Fernandez
- Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad de la República, Uruguay
| | - V Geissen
- Soil Physics & Land Management Group, Wageningen University & Research, Netherlands
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Sanzovo AWS, Silvestre DA, Goes KCGP, Volsi B, Constantino LV, Bordin I, Telles TS, Andrade DS. Crop rotation and inoculation increase soil bradyrhizobia population, soybean grain yields, and profitability. Braz J Microbiol 2023; 54:3187-3200. [PMID: 37857777 PMCID: PMC10689658 DOI: 10.1007/s42770-023-01148-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Crop rotation and rhizobial inoculation are strategies to increase yield by means of organic matter addition and modulation of microbial diversity. However, the extent to which these agricultural practices change soil Bradyrhizobium populations, soybean grain yield, and economic benefits to farmers is unclear. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the interaction between crop rotation and inoculation of soybean (Glycine max) cultivated in two contrasting soils (clayey and sandy soil) on biological nitrogen fixation components, grain yields, and profits. Field experiments with a three-year crop rotation system were carried out to compare effects of inoculation and crop rotations on soil chemical attributes, bradyrhizobia most probable number (MPN) and diversity, soybean nodulation, grain yield, and economic indicators of inoculation in different crop rotations. The crop rotation did not affect the soil MPN cells of bradyrhizobia, but the inoculation and the soil sampling time did, ranging from 3.61-4.42 to 4.40-4.82 in the sandy soil, while in the clayey soil they were from 5.19-6.34 to 6.61-7.14 in Log10 per g of soil with higher population after harvest of summer crops. In the clayey soil, crop rotation influenced soybean nodulation. The grain yield of inoculated soybean in the clayey soil was higher than that in the sandy soil. Soybean inoculation with Bradyrhizobium spp. increased the profitability of agricultural production systems by up to 45% in clayey soil and up to 7% in sandy soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alisson Wilson Santos Sanzovo
- Instituto de Desenvolvimento Rural do Paraná-IAPAR-EMATER, Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid, Km 375, 86047-902, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Danilo Augusto Silvestre
- Instituto de Desenvolvimento Rural do Paraná-IAPAR-EMATER, Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid, Km 375, 86047-902, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
- Departamento de Agronomia, Universidade Estadual de Londrina (UEL), Londrina, Brazil
| | | | - Bruno Volsi
- Instituto de Desenvolvimento Rural do Paraná-IAPAR-EMATER, Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid, Km 375, 86047-902, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
- Departamento de Agronomia, Universidade Estadual de Londrina (UEL), Londrina, Brazil
| | | | - Ivan Bordin
- Instituto de Desenvolvimento Rural do Paraná-IAPAR-EMATER, Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid, Km 375, 86047-902, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Tiago Santos Telles
- Instituto de Desenvolvimento Rural do Paraná-IAPAR-EMATER, Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid, Km 375, 86047-902, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
- Departamento de Agronomia, Universidade Estadual de Londrina (UEL), Londrina, Brazil
| | - Diva Souza Andrade
- Instituto de Desenvolvimento Rural do Paraná-IAPAR-EMATER, Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid, Km 375, 86047-902, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil.
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Shi Z, Guo X, Lei Z, Wang Y, Yang Z, Niu J, Liang J. Screening of high-efficiency nitrogen-fixing bacteria from the traditional Chinese medicine plant Astragalus mongolicus and its effect on plant growth promotion and bacterial communities in the rhizosphere. BMC Microbiol 2023; 23:292. [PMID: 37845638 PMCID: PMC10578054 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-023-03026-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Astragalus mongolicus Bunge is used in traditional Chinese medicine and is thus cultivated in bulk. The cultivation of A. mongolicus requires a large amount of nitrogen fertilizer, increasing the planting cost of medicinal materials and polluting the environment. Isolation and screening of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) and exploring the nitrogen fixation potential of A. mongolicus rhizosphere microorganisms would effectively reduce the production cost of A. mongolicus. RESULTS This study used A. mongolicus roots and rhizosphere soil samples from Longxi County of Gansu Province, Jingle County, and Hunyuan County of Shanxi Province, China, to isolate and identify nitrogen-fixing bacteria. Through nitrogen fixation efficiency test, single strain inoculation test, and plant growth-promoting characteristics, three strains, Bacillus sp. J1, Arthrobacter sp. J2, and Bacillus sp. G4 were selected from 86 strains of potential nitrogen-fixing bacteria, which were the most effective in promoting the A. mongolicus growth and increasing the nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium content in plants. The antagonistic test showed that these bacteria could grow smoothly under the co-culture conditions. The J1, J2, and G4 strains were used in a mixed inoculum and found to enhance the biomass of A. mongolicus plants and the accumulation of the main medicinal components in the field experiment. Mixed bacterial agent inoculation also increased bacterial diversity and changed the structure of the bacterial community in rhizosphere soil. Meanwhile, the relative abundance of Proteobacteria increased significantly after inoculation, suggesting that Proteobacteria play an important role in plant growth promotion. CONCLUSIONS These findings indicate that specific and efficient PGPRs have a significant promoting effect on the growth of A. mongolicus, while also having a positive impact on the structure of the host rhizosphere bacteria community. This study provides a basis for developing a nitrogen-fixing bacterial fertilizer and improving the ecological planting efficiency of A. mongolicus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyong Shi
- College Of Life Sciences, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong, 030801, China
| | - Xu Guo
- College Of Life Sciences, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong, 030801, China
| | - Zhenhong Lei
- Shanxi Zhendong Pharmaceutical (China), Changzhi, 047000, China
| | - Yuanyuan Wang
- College Of Life Sciences, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong, 030801, China
| | - Zhenyu Yang
- College Of Life Sciences, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong, 030801, China
| | - Jingping Niu
- College Of Life Sciences, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong, 030801, China
| | - Jianping Liang
- College Of Life Sciences, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong, 030801, China.
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Chinese Veterinary Medicine Modernization, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong, 030801, China.
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Moura FT, Helene LCF, Ribeiro RA, Nogueira MA, Hungria M. The outstanding diversity of rhizobia microsymbionts of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) in Mato Grosso do Sul, central-western Brazil, revealing new Rhizobium species. Arch Microbiol 2023; 205:325. [PMID: 37659972 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-023-03667-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/04/2023]
Abstract
Common bean is considered a legume of great socioeconomic importance, capable of establishing symbioses with a wide variety of rhizobial species. However, the legume has also been recognized for its low efficiency in fixing atmospheric nitrogen. Brazil is a hotspot of biodiversity, and in a previous study, we identified 13 strains isolated from common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) nodules in three biomes of Mato Grosso do Sul state, central-western Brazil, that might represent new phylogenetic groups, deserving further polyphasic characterization. The phylogenetic tree of the 16S rRNA gene split the 13 strains into two large clades, seven in the R. etli and six in the R. tropici clade. The MLSA with four housekeeping genes (glnII, gyrB, recA, and rpoA) confirmed the phylogenetic allocation. Genomic comparisons indicated eight strains in five putative new species and the remaining five as R. phaseoli. The average nucleotide identity (ANI) and digital DNA-DNA hybridization (dDDH) comparing the putative new species and the closest neighbors ranged from 81.84 to 92.50% and 24.0 to 50.7%, respectively. Other phenotypic, genotypic, and symbiotic features were evaluated. Interestingly, some strains of both R. etli and R. tropici clades lost their nodulation capacity. The data support the description of the new species Rhizobium cerradonense sp. nov. (CNPSo 3464T), Rhizobium atlanticum sp. nov. (CNPSo 3490T), Rhizobium aureum sp. nov. (CNPSo 3968T), Rhizobium pantanalense sp. nov. (CNPSo 4039T), and Rhizobium centroccidentale sp. nov. (CNPSo 4062T).
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda Terezinha Moura
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, PR-445, Km 380, Cx. Postal 6001, Londrina, Paraná, CP 86.051-970, Brazil
- Soil Biotechnology Laboratory, Embrapa Soja, Cx. Postal 4006, Londrina, Paraná, 86.085-981, Brazil
- Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES), SBN, Quadra 2, Bloco L, Lote 06, Edifício Capes, Brasília, Distrito Federal, 70.040-020, Brazil
| | - Luisa Caroline Ferraz Helene
- Soil Biotechnology Laboratory, Embrapa Soja, Cx. Postal 4006, Londrina, Paraná, 86.085-981, Brazil
- Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq), SHIS QI 1 Conjunto B, Blocos A, B, C e D, Lago Sul, Brasília, Distrito Federal, 71605-001, Brazil
- Vittia Fertilizantes e Biológicos, São Joaquim da Barra, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Renan Augusto Ribeiro
- Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq), SHIS QI 1 Conjunto B, Blocos A, B, C e D, Lago Sul, Brasília, Distrito Federal, 71605-001, Brazil
| | - Marco Antonio Nogueira
- Soil Biotechnology Laboratory, Embrapa Soja, Cx. Postal 4006, Londrina, Paraná, 86.085-981, Brazil
- Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq), SHIS QI 1 Conjunto B, Blocos A, B, C e D, Lago Sul, Brasília, Distrito Federal, 71605-001, Brazil
| | - Mariangela Hungria
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, PR-445, Km 380, Cx. Postal 6001, Londrina, Paraná, CP 86.051-970, Brazil.
- Soil Biotechnology Laboratory, Embrapa Soja, Cx. Postal 4006, Londrina, Paraná, 86.085-981, Brazil.
- Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq), SHIS QI 1 Conjunto B, Blocos A, B, C e D, Lago Sul, Brasília, Distrito Federal, 71605-001, Brazil.
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Zheng M, Xu M, Li D, Deng Q, Mo J. Negative responses of terrestrial nitrogen fixation to nitrogen addition weaken across increased soil organic carbon levels. Sci Total Environ 2023; 877:162965. [PMID: 36948308 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.162965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
The traditional view holds that biological nitrogen (N) fixation is energetically expensive and thus, facultative N fixers reduce N fixation rates while obligate N fixers are excluded by non-N fixers as soil N becomes rich. This view, however, contradicts the phenomenon that N fixation does not decline in many terrestrial ecosystems under N enrichment. To address this paradoxical phenomenon, we conducted a meta-analysis of N fixation and diazotroph (N-fixing microorganism) community structure in response to N addition across terrestrial ecosystems. N addition inhibited N fixation, but the inhibitory effect weakened across increased soil organic carbon (SOC) concentrations. The response ratios of N fixation (including free-living, plant-associated, and symbiotic types) to N addition were lower in the ecosystems with low SOC concentrations (<10 mg/g) than in those with medium or high SOC concentrations (10-20 and > 20 mg/g, respectively). The negative N-addition effects on diazotroph abundance and diversity also weakened across increased SOC levels. Among the climatic and soil factors, SOC was the most important predictor regarding the responses of N fixation and diazotroph community structure to N addition. Overall, our study reveals the role of SOC in affecting the responses of N fixation to N addition, which helps understand the relationships of biological N fixation and N enrichment as well as the mechanisms of terrestrial C and N coupling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mianhai Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China; South China National Botanical Garden, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Meichen Xu
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China; South China National Botanical Garden, Guangzhou, China; College of Resource and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Dejun Li
- Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, China
| | - Qi Deng
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China; South China National Botanical Garden, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiangming Mo
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China; South China National Botanical Garden, Guangzhou, China.
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9
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Singh A, Schöb C, Iannetta PPM. Nitrogen fixation by common beans in crop mixtures is influenced by growth rate of associated species. BMC Plant Biol 2023; 23:253. [PMID: 37183263 PMCID: PMC10184335 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-023-04204-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Legumes can fix atmospheric nitrogen (N) and facilitate N availability to their companion plants in crop mixtures. However, biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) of legumes in intercrops varies largely with the identity of the legume species. The aim of our study was to understand whether BNF and concentration of plant nutrients by common bean is influenced by the identity of the companion plant species in crop mixtures. In this greenhouse pot study, common beans were cultivated with another legume (chickpea) and a cereal (Sorghum). We compared BNF, crop biomass and nutrient assimilation of all plant species grown in monocultures with plants grown in crop mixtures. RESULTS We found beans to exhibit low levels of BNF, and to potentially compete with other species for available soil N in crop mixtures. The BNF of chickpeas however, was enhanced when grown in mixtures. Furthermore, biomass, phosphorous and potassium values of chickpea and Sorghum plants were higher in monocultures, compared to in mixtures with beans; suggesting competitive effects of beans on these plants. Concentration of calcium, magnesium and zinc in beans was higher when grown with chickpeas than with Sorghum. CONCLUSIONS It is generally assumed that legumes benefit their companion plant species. Our study highlights the contrary and shows that the specific benefits of cereal-legume mixtures are dependent on the growth rate of the species concerned. We further highlight that the potential of legume-legume mixtures is currently undervalued and may play a strong role in increasing N use efficiency of intercrop-based systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akanksha Singh
- Agricultural Ecology Group, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
- Department of International Cooperation, Research Institute of Organic Agriculture, Frick, Switzerland.
| | - Christian Schöb
- Agricultural Ecology Group, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Área de Biodiversidad y Conservación, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, 28933, Móstoles, Madrid, Spain
| | - Pietro P M Iannetta
- Department of Ecological Sciences, The James Hutton Institute, Dundee, DD2 5DA, Scotland, UK
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10
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Darnajoux R, Inomura K, Zhang X. A diazotrophy-ammoniotrophy dual growth model for the sulfate reducing bacterium Desulfovibrio vulgaris var. Hildenborough. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2023; 21:3136-3148. [PMID: 37293241 PMCID: PMC10244686 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2023.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Sulfate reducing bacteria (SRB) comprise one of the few prokaryotic groups in which biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) is common. Recent studies have highlighted SRB roles in N cycling, particularly in oligotrophic coastal and benthic environments where they could contribute significantly to N input. Most studies of SRB have focused on sulfur cycling and SRB growth models have primarily aimed at understanding the effects of electron sources, with N usually provided as fixed-N (nitrate, ammonium). Mechanistic links between SRB nitrogen-fixing metabolism and growth are not well understood, particularly in environments where fixed-N fluctuates. Here, we investigate diazotrophic growth of the model sulfate reducer Desulfovibrio vulgaris var. Hildenborough under anaerobic heterotrophic conditions and contrasting N availabilities using a simple cellular model with dual ammoniotrophic and diazotrophic modes. The model was calibrated using batch culture experiments with varying initial ammonium concentrations (0-3000 µM) and acetylene reduction assays of BNF activity. The model confirmed the preferential usage of ammonium over BNF for growth and successfully reproduces experimental data, with notably clear bi-phasic growth curves showing an initial ammoniotrophic phase followed by onset of BNF. Our model enables quantification of the energetic cost of each N acquisition strategy and indicates the existence of a BNF-specific limiting phenomenon, not directly linked to micronutrient (Mo, Fe, Ni) concentration, by-products (hydrogen, hydrogen sulfide), or fundamental model metabolic parameters (death rate, electron acceptor stoichiometry). By providing quantitative predictions of environment and metabolism, this study contributes to a better understanding of anaerobic heterotrophic diazotrophs in environments with fluctuating N conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romain Darnajoux
- Department of Geosciences, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
- High Meadow Environmental Institute, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
| | - Keisuke Inomura
- Graduate School of Oceanography, University of Rhode Island, Narragansett, RI 02882, USA
| | - Xinning Zhang
- Department of Geosciences, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
- High Meadow Environmental Institute, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
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11
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Yu G, Li X, Duan Q, Fu J, Zhang Y, Wang H, Luan J. Systematic identification of endogenous strong constitutive promoters from the diazotrophic rhizosphere bacterium Pseudomonas stutzeri DSM4166 to improve its nitrogenase activity. Microb Cell Fact 2023; 22:91. [PMID: 37138314 PMCID: PMC10155442 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-023-02085-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Biological nitrogen fixation converting atmospheric dinitrogen to ammonia is an important way to provide nitrogen for plants. Pseudomonas stutzeri DSM4166 is a diazotrophic Gram-negative bacterium isolated from the rhizosphere of cereal Sorghum nutans. Endogenous constitutive promoters are important for engineering of the nitrogen fixation pathway, however, they have not been systematically characterized in DSM4166. RESULTS Twenty-six candidate promoters were identified from DSM4166 by RNA-seq analysis. These 26 promoters were cloned and characterized using the firefly luciferase gene. The strengths of nineteen promoters varied from 100 to 959% of the strength of the gentamicin resistance gene promoter. The strongest P12445 promoter was used to overexpress the biological nitrogen fixation pathway-specific positive regulator gene nifA. The transcription level of nitrogen fixation genes in DSM4166 were significantly increased and the nitrogenase activity was enhanced by 4.1 folds determined by the acetylene reduction method. The nifA overexpressed strain produced 359.1 µM of extracellular ammonium which was 25.6 times higher than that produced by the wild-type strain. CONCLUSIONS The endogenous strong constitutive promoters identified in this study will facilitate development of DSM4166 as a microbial cell factory for nitrogen fixation and production of other useful compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangle Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Institute of Microbial Technology, Helmholtz International Lab for Anti-infectives, Shandong University-Helmholtz Institute of Biotechnology, Shandong University, Binhai Rd 72, Qingdao, Shandong, 266237, China
| | - Xiaochen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Institute of Microbial Technology, Helmholtz International Lab for Anti-infectives, Shandong University-Helmholtz Institute of Biotechnology, Shandong University, Binhai Rd 72, Qingdao, Shandong, 266237, China
| | - Qiuyue Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Institute of Microbial Technology, Helmholtz International Lab for Anti-infectives, Shandong University-Helmholtz Institute of Biotechnology, Shandong University, Binhai Rd 72, Qingdao, Shandong, 266237, China
| | - Jun Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Institute of Microbial Technology, Helmholtz International Lab for Anti-infectives, Shandong University-Helmholtz Institute of Biotechnology, Shandong University, Binhai Rd 72, Qingdao, Shandong, 266237, China
| | - Youming Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Institute of Microbial Technology, Helmholtz International Lab for Anti-infectives, Shandong University-Helmholtz Institute of Biotechnology, Shandong University, Binhai Rd 72, Qingdao, Shandong, 266237, China
| | - Hailong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Institute of Microbial Technology, Helmholtz International Lab for Anti-infectives, Shandong University-Helmholtz Institute of Biotechnology, Shandong University, Binhai Rd 72, Qingdao, Shandong, 266237, China
| | - Ji Luan
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Institute of Microbial Technology, Helmholtz International Lab for Anti-infectives, Shandong University-Helmholtz Institute of Biotechnology, Shandong University, Binhai Rd 72, Qingdao, Shandong, 266237, China.
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12
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Harerimana B, Zhou M, Zhu B, Xu P. Regional estimates of nitrogen budgets for agricultural systems in the East African Community over the last five decades. Agron Sustain Dev 2023; 43:27. [PMID: 36909277 PMCID: PMC9993390 DOI: 10.1007/s13593-023-00881-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED The great challenge of reducing soil nutrient depletion and assuring agricultural system productivity in low-income countries caused by limited synthetic fertilizer use necessitates local and cost-effective nutrient sources. We estimated the changes of the nitrogen budget of agricultural systems in the East African Community from 1961 to 2018 to address the challenges of insufficient nitrogen inputs and serious soil nitrogen depletion in agricultural systems of the East African Community region. Results showed that total nitrogen input increased from 12.5 kg N ha-1yr-1 in the 1960s to 21.8 kg N ha-1yr-1 in the 2000s and 27 kg N ha-1yr-1 in the 2010s. Total nitrogen crop uptake increased from 12.8 kg N ha-1yr-1 in the 1960s to 18.2 kg N ha-1yr-1 in the 2000s and 21.8 kg N ha-1yr-1 in the 2010s. Soil nitrogen stock increased from -2.0 kg N ha-1yr-1 in the 1960s to -0.5 kg N ha-1yr-1 in the 2000s and 0.3 kg N ha-1yr-1 in the 2010s. Our results allow us to substantiate for the first time that soil nitrogen depletion decreases with increasing input of nitrogen in agricultural systems of the East African Community region. This suggests that increases in nitrogen inputs through biological nitrogen fixation and animal manure are the critical nitrogen management practices to curb soil nitrogen depletion and sustain agricultural production systems in the East African Community region in order to meet food demand for a growing population. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13593-023-00881-0.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barthelemy Harerimana
- Key Laboratory of Mountain Surface Processes and Ecological Regulation, Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.189, QunXianNan Street, Tianfu New Area, Chengdu, 610041 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 China
| | - Minghua Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Mountain Surface Processes and Ecological Regulation, Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.189, QunXianNan Street, Tianfu New Area, Chengdu, 610041 China
| | - Bo Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Mountain Surface Processes and Ecological Regulation, Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.189, QunXianNan Street, Tianfu New Area, Chengdu, 610041 China
| | - Peng Xu
- Key Laboratory of Mountain Surface Processes and Ecological Regulation, Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.189, QunXianNan Street, Tianfu New Area, Chengdu, 610041 China
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13
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Rezasoltani S, Champagne P. An integrated approach for the phycoremediation of Pb(II) and the production of biofertilizer using nitrogen-fixing cyanobacteria. J Hazard Mater 2023; 445:130448. [PMID: 36462239 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.130448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, growing attention has been directed toward the phycoremediation of heavy metals from bodies of water; however, many challenges remain. The nitrogen requirements for algal growth in nutrient-poor waters can lead to substantial costs. Moreover, proper management of the metal-loaded biomass is a concern. This study assessed the performance of two nitrogen-fixing cyanobacteria, Anabaena sp. and Nostoc muscorum, in treating Pb(II)-contaminated water without nitrogen under batch and fed-batch modes, as well as the subsequent utilization of the produced biomass as a biofertilizer. After 12 days of the batch mode with initial Pb(II) concentrations of 10, 20, 35, and 60 mg/L, Pb(II) removal efficiencies were 98.90%, 98.95%, 97.20%, and 84.98% by Anabaena sp. and 88.00%, 73.10%, 54.54%, and 26.83% by N. muscorum, respectively. Anabaena sp. sustained growth and Pb(II) removal under the fed-batch mode by adjusting hydraulic retention time based on the influent Pb(II) concentration. Decontamination of the metal-loaded Anabaena sp. biomass was performed and resulted in a Pb(II) desorption of 93%. The desorbed Anabaena sp. extract provided the nutrient requirements for Chlorella vulgaris. The proposed strategy provides simultaneous Pb(II) bioremediation and biofertilizer production in a system driven by light energy, atmospheric N2, and CO2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samira Rezasoltani
- Department of Civil Engineering, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada.
| | - Pascale Champagne
- Department of Chemistry, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada.
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14
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de São José JFB, Hernandes MAS, Volpiano CG, Lisboa BB, Beneduzi A, Bayer C, Simon AA, de Oliveira J, Passaglia LMP, Vargas LK. Diversity of rhizobia, symbiotic effectiveness, and potential of inoculation in Acacia mearnsii seedling production. Braz J Microbiol 2023; 54:335-348. [PMID: 36357769 PMCID: PMC9944175 DOI: 10.1007/s42770-022-00867-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Black wattle (Acacia mearnsii) is a forest species of significant economic importance in southern Brazil; as a legume, it forms symbiotic associations with rhizobia, fixing atmospheric nitrogen. Nonetheless, little is known about native rhizobia in soils where the species is cultivated. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the diversity and symbiotic efficiency of rhizobia nodulating A. mearnsii in commercial planting areas and validate the efficiency of a potential strain in promoting seedling development. To this end, nodules were collected from four A. mearnsii commercial plantations located in Rio Grande do Sul State, southern Brazil. A total of 80 rhizobia isolates were obtained from black wattle nodules, and thirteen clusters were obtained by rep-PCR. Higher genetic diversity was found within the rhizobial populations from the Duas Figueiras (H' = 2.224) and Seival (H' = 2.112) plantations. Twelve isolates were evaluated belonging to the genus Bradyrhizobium, especially to the species Bradyrhizobium guangdongense. The principal component analysis indicated an association between rhizobia diversity and the content of clay, Ca, Mg, and K. Isolates and reference strains (SEMIA 6163 and 6164) induced nodulation and fixed N via symbiosis with black wattle plants after 60 days of germination. The isolates DF2.4, DF2.3, DF3.3, SEMIA 6164, SEMIA 6163, CA4.3, OV3.4, and OV1.4 showed shoot nitrogen accumulation values similar to the N + control treatment. In the second experiment (under nursery conditions), inoculation with the reference strain SEMIA 6164 generally improved the growth of A. mearnsii seedlings, reinforcing its efficiency even under production conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jackson Freitas Brilhante de São José
- Department of Agricultural Research and Diagnosis - DDPA, Secretary of Agriculture, Livestock, and Rural Development of Rio Grande do Sul - SEAPDR, 570 Gonçalves Dias St, 90130-060, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | | | - Camila Gazolla Volpiano
- Department of Genetics, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - UFRGS, 9500 Bento Gonçalves Ave, 91501-970, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Bruno Brito Lisboa
- Department of Agricultural Research and Diagnosis - DDPA, Secretary of Agriculture, Livestock, and Rural Development of Rio Grande do Sul - SEAPDR, 570 Gonçalves Dias St, 90130-060, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Anelise Beneduzi
- Department of Agricultural Research and Diagnosis - DDPA, Secretary of Agriculture, Livestock, and Rural Development of Rio Grande do Sul - SEAPDR, 570 Gonçalves Dias St, 90130-060, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
| | - Cimelio Bayer
- Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agronomy, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - UFRGS, 7712 Bento Gonçalves Ave, 91540-000, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Augusto Arlindo Simon
- Tanagro S/A, 199 Torbjorn Weibull St, 95780-000, Montenegro, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Jeferson de Oliveira
- Tanagro S/A, 199 Torbjorn Weibull St, 95780-000, Montenegro, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Luciane Maria Pereira Passaglia
- Department of Genetics, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - UFRGS, 9500 Bento Gonçalves Ave, 91501-970, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Luciano Kayser Vargas
- Department of Agricultural Research and Diagnosis - DDPA, Secretary of Agriculture, Livestock, and Rural Development of Rio Grande do Sul - SEAPDR, 570 Gonçalves Dias St, 90130-060, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
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15
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Li Y, Guo L, Yang R, Yang Z, Zhang H, Li Q, Cao Z, Zhang X, Gao P, Gao W, Yan G, Huang D, Sun W. Thiobacillus spp. and Anaeromyxobacter spp. mediate arsenite oxidation-dependent biological nitrogen fixation in two contrasting types of arsenic-contaminated soils. J Hazard Mater 2023; 443:130220. [PMID: 36308931 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.130220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
As(III) oxidation-dependent biological nitrogen fixing (As-dependent BNF) bacteria use a novel biogeochemical process observed in tailings recently. However, our understanding of microorganisms responsible for As-dependent BNF is limited and whether such a process occurs in As-contaminated soils is still unknown. In this study, two contrasting types of soils (surface soils versus river sediments) heavily contaminated by As were selected to study the occurrence of As-dependent BNF. BNF was observed in sediments and soils amended with As(III), whereas no apparent BNF was found in the cultures without As(III). The increased abundances of the nitrogenase gene (nifH) and As(III) oxidation gene (aioA) suggest that an As-dependent BNF process was catalyzed by microorganisms harboring nifH and aioA. In addition, DNA-SIP demonstrated that Thiobacillus spp. and Anaeromyxobacter spp. were putative As-dependent BNF bacteria in As-contaminated soils and sediments, respectively. Metagenomic analysis further suggested that these taxa contained genes responsible for BNF, As(III) oxidation, and CO2 fixation, demonstrating their capability for serving as As-dependent BNF. These results indicated the occurrence of As-dependent BNF in various As-contaminated habitats. The contrasting geochemical conditions in different types of soil suggested that these conditions may enrich different As-dependent BNF bacteria (Thiobacillus spp. for soils and Anaeromyxobacter spp. for sediments).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongbin Li
- National-Regional Joint Engineering Research Center for Soil Pollution Control and Remediation in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-environmental Pollution Control and Management, Institute of Eco-environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Lifang Guo
- National-Regional Joint Engineering Research Center for Soil Pollution Control and Remediation in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-environmental Pollution Control and Management, Institute of Eco-environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Rui Yang
- National-Regional Joint Engineering Research Center for Soil Pollution Control and Remediation in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-environmental Pollution Control and Management, Institute of Eco-environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Zhaohui Yang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Haihan Zhang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, MOE, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China
| | - Qiqian Li
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Hechi University, Yizhou 546300, China
| | - Zhiguo Cao
- School of Environment, Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huai River Water Environment and Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- School of Environment, Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huai River Water Environment and Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
| | - Pin Gao
- National-Regional Joint Engineering Research Center for Soil Pollution Control and Remediation in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-environmental Pollution Control and Management, Institute of Eco-environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Wenlong Gao
- National-Regional Joint Engineering Research Center for Soil Pollution Control and Remediation in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-environmental Pollution Control and Management, Institute of Eco-environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Geng Yan
- National-Regional Joint Engineering Research Center for Soil Pollution Control and Remediation in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-environmental Pollution Control and Management, Institute of Eco-environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Duanyi Huang
- National-Regional Joint Engineering Research Center for Soil Pollution Control and Remediation in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-environmental Pollution Control and Management, Institute of Eco-environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Weimin Sun
- National-Regional Joint Engineering Research Center for Soil Pollution Control and Remediation in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-environmental Pollution Control and Management, Institute of Eco-environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China.
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16
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Kaschuk G, Auler AC, Vieira CE, Dakora FD, Jaiswal SK, da Cruz SP. Coinoculation impact on plant growth promotion: a review and meta-analysis on coinoculation of rhizobia and plant growth-promoting bacilli in grain legumes. Braz J Microbiol 2022; 53:2027-2037. [PMID: 35896777 PMCID: PMC9679103 DOI: 10.1007/s42770-022-00800-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Coinoculation of symbiotic N2-fixing rhizobia and plant growth-promoting Bacillus on legume seeds can increase crop productivity. We collected highly resolved data on coinoculation of rhizobia and bacilli on 11 grain legume crops: chickpea, common bean, cowpea, faba bean, groundnut, lentil, mung bean, pea, pigeon pea, soybean, and urad bean to verify the magnitude of additive effects of coinoculation in relation to single inoculation of rhizobia on plant growth and yield of grain legumes. Coinoculation of rhizobia and bacilli on legume seeds and/or soil during sowing significantly increased nodulation, nitrogenase activity, plant N and P contents, and shoot and root biomass, as well as the grain yield of most grain legumes studied. There were however a few instances where coinoculation decreased plant growth parameters. Therefore, coinoculation of rhizobia and Bacillus has the potential to increase the growth and productivity of grain legumes, and can be recommended as an environmental-friendly agricultural practice for increased crop yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Glaciela Kaschuk
- Post-Graduation in Soil Science, Federal University of Paraná, Rua dos Funcionários, 1540, Curitiba, PR CEP 80035-050 Brazil
| | - André Carlos Auler
- Post-Graduation in Soil Science, Federal University of Paraná, Rua dos Funcionários, 1540, Curitiba, PR CEP 80035-050 Brazil
| | - Crislaine Emidio Vieira
- Post-Graduation in Soil Science, Federal University of Paraná, Rua dos Funcionários, 1540, Curitiba, PR CEP 80035-050 Brazil
| | - Felix Dapore Dakora
- Department of Chemistry, Tshwane University of Technology, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Sanjay K. Jaiswal
- Department of Chemistry, Tshwane University of Technology, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Sonia Purin da Cruz
- Federal University of Santa Catarina, Campus Curitibanos, Rodovia Ulisses Gaboardi, km 3, Curitibanos, SC CEP 89520-000 Brazil
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Cunha MLO, Oliveira LCAD, Silva VM, Montanha GS, Reis ARD. Selenium increases photosynthetic capacity, daidzein biosynthesis, nodulation and yield of peanuts plants (Arachis hypogaea L.). Plant Physiol Biochem 2022; 190:231-239. [PMID: 36137309 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2022.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Revised: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the roles of selenium (Se) application on the profile of photosynthetic pigments, oxidant metabolism, flavonoids biosynthesis, nodulation, and its relation to agronomic traits of peanut plants. Two independent experiments were carried out: one conducted in soil and the other in a nutrient solution. When the plants reached the V2 growth stage, five Se doses (0, 7.5, 15, 30, and 45 μg kg-1) and four Se concentrations (0, 5, 10, and 15 μmol L-1) were supplied as sodium selenate. The concentration of photosynthetic pigments, activity of antioxidant enzymes and the concentration of total sugars in peanut leaves increased in response to Se fertilization. In addition, Se improves nitrogen assimilation efficiency by increasing nitrate reductase activity which results in a higher concentration of ureides, amino acids and proteins. Se increases the synthesis of daidzein and genistein in the root, resulting in a greater number of nodules and concentration and transport of ureides to the leaves. Se-treated plants showed greater growth, biomass accumulation in shoots and roots, yield and Se concentration in leaves and grains. Our results contribute to food security and also to increase knowledge about the effects of Se on physiology, biochemistry and biological nitrogen fixation in legume plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matheus Luís Oliveira Cunha
- São Paulo State University, Faculty of Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences, Via de Acesso Prof. Paulo Donato Castellane, 14884-900, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Lara Caroline Alves de Oliveira
- São Paulo State University, Faculty of Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences, Via de Acesso Prof. Paulo Donato Castellane, 14884-900, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Vinicius Martins Silva
- São Paulo State University, Faculty of Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences, Via de Acesso Prof. Paulo Donato Castellane, 14884-900, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Gabriel Sgarbiero Montanha
- University of São Paulo, Centre for Nuclear Energy in Agriculture, Laboratory of Nuclear Instrumentation, Avenida Centenário, 303, 13400-970, Piracicaba, Brazil
| | - André Rodrigues Dos Reis
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Science and Engineering, Rua Domingos da Costa Lopes 780, 17602-496, Tupã, Brazil.
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Rui J, Hu J, Wang F, Zhao Y, Li C. Altitudinal niches of symbiotic, associative and free-living diazotrophs driven by soil moisture and temperature in the alpine meadow on the Tibetan Plateau. Environ Res 2022; 211:113033. [PMID: 35276191 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.113033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Revised: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Legume-associated symbiotic diazotrophs contribute more to nitrogen (N) fixation than non-symbiotic diazotrophs in many terrestrial ecosystems. However, the percentage of legume biomass is low in alpine meadows on the Tibetan Plateau. Therefore, non-symbiotic diazotrophs may play important roles in N fixation in alpine meadow soils. Moreover, Tibetan alpine meadows are fragile and sensitive to global climate change, and the investigating of the key factor driving soil diazotrophic community still entails several challenges. To address these issues, we investigated diazotrophic spatial distribution and diversity along the elevational gradient between 3200 and 4200 m in the alpine meadow using amplicon sequencing of nifH gene. The result clearly showed that soil moisture and temperature were key factors driving soil diazotrophic community structures. Both altitude and soil depth significantly differentiated diazotrophic community composition. Alpha diversity indices of diazotrophic communities showed unimodal distribution along elevation gradient, strongly affected by soil moisture. Altitudinal niches were occupied by different diazotrophs. Soils at lower elevations were dominated by symbiotic diazotrophs and associative diazotrophs related to high biomass of plant hosts, while those at higher elevations were dominated by free-living psychrophiles such as Polaromonas. Furthermore, high moisture stimulated free-living anaerobes at middle elevations, such as Geobacter and Anaeromyxobacter, while suppressed legumes and symbiotic Mezorhizobium. Soil temperature not only directly affected temperature-sensitive diazotrophs, but also indirectly affected them through plants and soil properties such as pH and ammonium content. Our results suggest that climate change may strongly affect biological nitrogen fixation (BNF), and free-living diazotrophs may play important roles in BNF of alpine meadow system on the Tibetan Plateau.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junpeng Rui
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China; Center for Grassland Microbiome, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
| | - Jingjing Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Fuxin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Yuwei Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Chao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
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Nag P, Mondal N, Sarkar J, Das S. Paraburkholderia bengalensis sp. nov. isolated from roots of Oryza sativa, IR64. Arch Microbiol 2022; 204:347. [PMID: 35612643 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-022-02960-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2022] [Revised: 05/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Paraburkholderia bengalensis sp. nov. strain IR64_4_BI was isolated from rice roots cultivated in Madhyamgram field station of Bose Institute, West Bengal, India. IR64_4_BI is a Gram-negative, motile, nitrate-reducing, nitrogen-fixing bacterium. Whole-cell fatty acid analyses of IR64_4_BI show C16:0, summed feature 8 (comprising C18:1ω7c and/or C18:1 ω 6c) and summed feature 3(C16:1 w7c/C16:1 w6c or C16:1 ω 7c/C16:1 ω 6c) were the predominant fatty acids. 16S rRNA phylogeny showed that it was most similar to P. phymatum STM815T (98.5% identity), P. terrae KMY02T (98.44% identity) and P. hospita LMG 20598T (98.32% identity). The Average Nucleotide Identity-BLAST (ANIb) of P. bengalensis IR64_4_BI with P. hospita DSM 17164T, P. terrae DSM 17804T, P. phymatum STM815T and P. hospita LMG 20598T was 83.11, 83.52, 84.5 and 83.12% respectively. Comparison of genome sequence of IR64_4_BI with other species of Paraburkholderia using the Multi-locus species tree software show that P. bengalensis IR64_4_BI is a novel species. The ability of P. bengalensis IR64_4_BI to survive on nitrogen-free medium under microaerophilic conditions and the abundance of nitrogen metabolism-related genes makes this strain a potential candidate for developing a nitrogen-fixing system in rice. Based on genotypic, phenotypic and chemotaxonomic studies, we propose that IR64_4_BI (= MTCC 13051 = JCM 34777) is a new species of Paraburkholderia which has been assigned as Paraburkholderia bengalensis sp.nov.
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Ferreira EGC, Gomes DF, Delai CV, Barreiros MAB, Grange L, Rodrigues EP, Henning LMM, Barcellos FG, Hungria M. Revealing potential functions of hypothetical proteins induced by genistein in the symbiosis island of Bradyrhizobium japonicum commercial strain SEMIA 5079 (= CPAC 15). BMC Microbiol 2022; 22:122. [PMID: 35513812 PMCID: PMC9069715 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-022-02527-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bradyrhizobium japonicum strain SEMIA 5079 (= CPAC 15) is a nitrogen-fixing symbiont of soybean broadly used in commercial inoculants in Brazil. Its genome has about 50% of hypothetical (HP) protein-coding genes, many in the symbiosis island, raising questions about their putative role on the biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) process. This study aimed to infer functional roles to 15 HP genes localized in the symbiosis island of SEMIA 5079, and to analyze their expression in the presence of a nod-gene inducer. RESULTS A workflow of bioinformatics tools/databases was established and allowed the functional annotation of the HP genes. Most were enzymes, including transferases in the biosynthetic pathways of cobalamin, amino acids and secondary metabolites that may help in saprophytic ability and stress tolerance, and hydrolases, that may be important for competitiveness, plant infection, and stress tolerance. Putative roles for other enzymes and transporters identified are discussed. Some HP proteins were specific to the genus Bradyrhizobium, others to specific host legumes, and the analysis of orthologues helped to predict roles in BNF. CONCLUSIONS All 15 HP genes were induced by genistein and high induction was confirmed in five of them, suggesting major roles in the BNF process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Everton Geraldo Capote Ferreira
- Londrina State University (UEL), Celso Garcia Cid Road (PR 445), km 380, CEP 86057-970 Londrina, PR Brazil
- Embrapa Soja, Rodovia Carlos João Strass, C.P. 231, CEP 86001-970 Londrina, PR Brazil
| | | | - Caroline Vanzzo Delai
- Federal University of Paraná (UFPR), Estrada dos Pioneiros 2153, CEP 85950-000 Palotina, PR Brazil
| | | | - Luciana Grange
- Federal University of Paraná (UFPR), Estrada dos Pioneiros 2153, CEP 85950-000 Palotina, PR Brazil
| | - Elisete Pains Rodrigues
- Londrina State University (UEL), Celso Garcia Cid Road (PR 445), km 380, CEP 86057-970 Londrina, PR Brazil
| | | | - Fernando Gomes Barcellos
- Londrina State University (UEL), Celso Garcia Cid Road (PR 445), km 380, CEP 86057-970 Londrina, PR Brazil
| | - Mariangela Hungria
- Londrina State University (UEL), Celso Garcia Cid Road (PR 445), km 380, CEP 86057-970 Londrina, PR Brazil
- Embrapa Soja, Rodovia Carlos João Strass, C.P. 231, CEP 86001-970 Londrina, PR Brazil
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21
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Singh D, Thapa S, Mahawar H, Kumar D, Geat N, Singh SK. Prospecting potential of endophytes for modulation of biosynthesis of therapeutic bioactive secondary metabolites and plant growth promotion of medicinal and aromatic plants. Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek 2022; 115:699-730. [PMID: 35460457 DOI: 10.1007/s10482-022-01736-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Medicinal and aromatic plants possess pharmacological properties (antidiabetes, anticancer, antihypertension, anticardiovascular, antileprosy, etc.) because of their potential to synthesize a wide range of therapeutic bioactive secondary metabolites. The concentration of bioactive secondry metabolites depends on plant species, local environment, soil type and internal microbiome. The internal microbiome of medicinal plants plays the crucial role in the production of bioactive secondary metabolites, namely alkaloids, steroids, terpenoids, peptides, polyketones, flavonoids, quinols and phenols. In this review, the host specific secondry metabolites produced by endophytes, their therapeutic properties and host-endophytes interaction in relation to production of bioactive secondry metaboloites and the role of endophytes in enhancing the production of bioactive secondry metabolites is discussed. How biological nitrogen fixation, phosphorus solubilization, micronutrient uptake, phytohormone production, disease suppression, etc. can play a vital role in enhacing the plant growth and development.The role of endophytes in enhancing the plant growth and content of bioactive secondary metabolites in medicinal and aromatic plants in a sustainable mode is highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Devendra Singh
- ICAR-Central Arid Zone Research Institute, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, 342003, India.
| | - Shobit Thapa
- ICAR-National Bureau of Agriculturally Important Microorganisms, Kushmaur, Mau Nath Bhanjan, Uttar Pradesh, 275103, India
| | - Himanshu Mahawar
- ICAR-Directorate of Weed Research (DWR), Maharajpur, Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh, 482004, India
| | - Dharmendra Kumar
- ICAR- Central Potato Research Institute, Shimla, Himachal Pradesh, 171001, India
| | - Neelam Geat
- Agricultural Research Station, Agriculture University, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, 342304, India
| | - S K Singh
- ICAR-Central Arid Zone Research Institute, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, 342003, India
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Xing X, Du H, Yang Z, Li X, Kong Y, Li W, Zhang C. GmSPX8, a nodule-localized regulator confers nodule development and nitrogen fixation under phosphorus starvation in soybean. BMC Plant Biol 2022; 22:161. [PMID: 35365088 PMCID: PMC8973899 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-022-03556-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) is an important nitrogen source for legume plants, and highly efficient nitrogen fixation requires sufficient phosphorus (P). However, the mechanism of maintaining nitrogen fixation of the legume nodules under low P concentration remains largely unknown. RESULTS A nodule-localized SPX protein, GmSPX8, was discovered by transcriptome and functional analysis of its role in N2 fixation was characterized in soybean nodules. GmSPX8 was preferentially expressed in nodules and its expression was gradually increased during nodule development. And also the expression pattern was investigated using reporter gene β-glucuronidase (GUS) driven by the promoter of GmSPX8. GmSPX8 was greatly induced and the GUS activity was increased by 12.2% under P deficiency. Overexpression of GmSPX8 in transgenic plants resulted in increased nodule number, nodule fresh weight and nitrogenase activity by 15.0%, 16.0%, 42.5%, subsequently leading to increased N and P content by 17.0% and 19.0%, while suppression of GmSPX8 showed significantly impaired nodule development and nitrogen fixation efficiency under low P stress. These data indicated that GmSPX8 conferred nodule development and nitrogen fixation under low P condition. By yeast two-hybrid screening, GmPTF1 was identified as a potential interacting protein of GmSPX8, which was further confirmed by BiFC, Y2H and pull down assay. Transcript accumulation of GmPTF1 and its downstream genes such as GmEXLB1 and EXPB2 were increased in GmSPX8 overexpressed transgenic nodules, and in the presence of GmSPX8, the transcriptional activity of GmPTF1 in yeast cells and tobacco leaves was greatly enhanced. CONCLUSIONS In summary, these findings contribute novel insights towards the role of GmSPX8 in nodule development and nitrogen fixation partly through interacting with GmPTF1 in soybean under low P condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinzhu Xing
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, College of Agronomy, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, 071000, China
| | - Hui Du
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, College of Agronomy, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, 071000, China
| | - Zhanwu Yang
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, College of Agronomy, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, 071000, China
| | - Xihuan Li
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, College of Agronomy, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, 071000, China
| | - Youbin Kong
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, College of Agronomy, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, 071000, China
| | - Wenlong Li
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, College of Agronomy, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, 071000, China
| | - Caiying Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, College of Agronomy, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, 071000, China.
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Bocatti CR, Ferreira E, Ribeiro RA, de Oliveira Chueire LM, Delamuta JRM, Kobayashi RKT, Hungria M, Nogueira MA. Microbiological quality analysis of inoculants based on Bradyrhizobium spp. and Azospirillum brasilense produced "on farm" reveals high contamination with non-target microorganisms. Braz J Microbiol 2022; 53:267-280. [PMID: 34984661 PMCID: PMC8882540 DOI: 10.1007/s42770-021-00649-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of inoculants carrying diazotrophic and other plant growth-promoting bacteria plays an essential role in the Brazilian agriculture, with a growing use of microorganism-based bioproducts. However, in the last few years, some farmers have multiplied microorganisms in the farm, known as "on farm" production, including inoculants of Bradyrhizobium spp. for soybean (Glycine max L. Merrill.) and Azospirillum brasilense for corn (Zea mays L.) or co-inoculation in soybean. The objective was to assess the microbiological quality of such inoculants concerning the target microorganisms and contaminants. In the laboratory, 18 samples taken in five states were serial diluted and spread on culture media for obtaining pure and morphologically distinct colonies of bacteria, totaling 85 isolates. Molecular analysis based on partial sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene revealed 25 genera of which 44% harbor species potentially pathogenic to humans; only one of the isolates was identified as Azospirillum brasilense, whereas no isolate was identified as Bradyrhizobium. Among 34 isolates belonging to genera harboring species potentially pathogenic to humans, 12 had no resistance to antibiotics, six presented intrinsic resistance, and 18 presented non-intrinsic resistance to at least one antibiotic. One of the samples analyzed with a shotgun-based metagenomics approach to check for the microbial diversity showed several genera of microorganisms, mainly Acetobacter (~ 32% of sequences) but not the target microorganism. The samples of inoculants produced on farm were highly contaminated with non-target microorganisms, some of them carrying multiple resistances to antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camila Rafaeli Bocatti
- Department of Microbiology, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, C. Postal 10.011, Londrina, PR, 86057-970, Brazil
| | - Eduara Ferreira
- Embrapa Soja, C. Postal 4006, Londrina, PR, 86081-981, Brazil
| | - Renan Augusto Ribeiro
- Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq), Brasília, DF, Brazil
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Nombre Rodríguez-Navarro D, Lorite MJ, Temprano Vera FJ, Camacho M. Selection and characterization of Spanish Trifolium-nodulating rhizobia for pasture inoculation. Syst Appl Microbiol 2021; 45:126290. [PMID: 34999517 DOI: 10.1016/j.syapm.2021.126290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Revised: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Identification of elite nitrogen-fixing rhizobia strains is a continuous and never ending effort, since new legume species can be cultivated in different agro systems or are introduced into new areas. This current study reports on the taxonomic affiliation and symbiotic proficiency of nine strains of Trifolium-nodulating rhizobia isolated from different pasture areas in Spain, as well as three Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. trifolii reference strains, on eleven Trifolium species. Based on 16S rRNA gene sequences the strains belonged to the R. leguminosarum species complex. Additional phylogenetic analyses of the housekeeping genes recA, atpD and rpoB showed the strains were closely related to the species R. leguminosarum, R. laguerreae, R. indicum, R. ruizarguesonis or R. acidisoli. In addition, three strains had no clear affiliation and could represent putative new species, although two of the reference strains were positioned close to R. ruizarguesonis. nodC gene phylogeny allowed the discrimination between strains isolated from annual or perennial Trifolium species and placed all of them in the symbiovar trifolii. Neither geographic origin nor host-plant species could be correlated with the taxonomic affiliation of the strains and a high degree of phenotypic diversity was found among this set of strains. The strong interaction of plant species with the rhizobial strains found for biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) was noteworthy, and allowed the identification of rhizobial strains with a maximum proficiency for certain trefoil species. Several strains showed high BNF potential with a wide range of clover species, which made them valuable strains for inoculant manufacturers and they would be particularly useful for inoculation of seed mixtures in natural or cultivated pastures.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - María J Lorite
- Dpto. Microbiología y Sistemas Simbióticos, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, CSIC, Granada, Spain
| | | | - María Camacho
- IFAPA Centro Las Torres, Crta Sevilla-Cazalla Km 12, 2, 41200 Seville, Spain
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Berriel V, Morel MA, Filippi CV, Monza J. Draft genome sequence of Bradyrhizobium sp. strain Oc8 isolated from Crotalaria ochroleuca nodule. Curr Res Microb Sci 2021; 2:100074. [PMID: 34841364 PMCID: PMC8610315 DOI: 10.1016/j.crmicr.2021.100074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2021] [Revised: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we report the draft genome sequence of Bradyrhizobium sp. strain Oc8, a rhizobium isolated from Crotalaria ochroleuca,efficient in C. ochroleuca, C. juncea, C. spectabilis, and Cajanus cajan. The whole genome of the strain Oc8 contains 46 scaffolds, 8,283,342 bp, and 63.27% of GC content. Bradyrhizobium sp. Oc8 is an effective nitrogen-fixing bacterium with potential use as an inoculant for legumes used as cover crops and green manures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Verónica Berriel
- Centro de Aplicaciones de Tecnología Nuclear en Agricultura Sostenible, Departamento de Suelos y Aguas, Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad de la República, Av. Garzón 809, Montevideo PC 12.900, Uruguay
| | - María A Morel
- Departamento de Biología Vegetal, Laboratorio de Bioquímica, Universidad de la República, Av. Garzón 809, Montevideo, PC 12.900, Uruguay.,Laboratorio de Microbiología del Suelo (LMS), Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, Iguá 4225, Montevideo, PC 11.400, Uruguay
| | - Carla V Filippi
- Departamento de Biología Vegetal, Laboratorio de Bioquímica, Universidad de la República, Av. Garzón 809, Montevideo, PC 12.900, Uruguay
| | - Jorge Monza
- Departamento de Biología Vegetal, Laboratorio de Bioquímica, Universidad de la República, Av. Garzón 809, Montevideo, PC 12.900, Uruguay
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Sgouridis F, Yates CA, Lloyd CEM, Saiz E, Schillereff DN, Tomlinson S, Williamson J, Ullah S. Chronic atmospheric reactive N deposition has breached the N sink capacity of a northern ombrotrophic peatbog increasing the gaseous and fluvial N losses. Sci Total Environ 2021; 787:147552. [PMID: 34004537 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.147552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Revised: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Peatlands play an important role in modulating the climate, mainly through sequestration of carbon dioxide into peat carbon, which depends on the availability of reactive nitrogen (Nr) to mosses. Atmospheric Nr deposition in the UK has been above the critical load for functional and structural changes to peatland mosses, thus threatening to accelerate their succession by vascular plants and increasing the possibility of Nr export to downstream ecosystems. The N balance of peatlands has received comparatively little attention, mainly due to the difficulty in measuring gaseous N losses as well as the Nr inputs due to biological nitrogen fixation (BNF). In this study we have estimated the mean annual N balance of an ombrotrophic bog (Migneint, North Wales) by measuring in situ N2 + N2O gaseous fluxes and also BNF in peat and mosses. Fluvial N export was monitored through a continuous record of DON flux, while atmospheric N deposition was modelled on a 5 × 5 km grid. The mean annual N mass balance was slightly positive (0.7 ± 4.1 kg N ha-1 y-1) and varied interannually indicating the fragile status of this bog ecosystem that has reached N saturation and is prone to becoming a net N source. Gaseous N losses were a major N output term accounting for 70% of the N inputs, mainly in the form of the inert N2 gas, thus providing partial mitigation to the adverse effects of chronic Nr enrichment. BNF was suppressed by 69%, compared to rates in pristine bogs, but was still active, contributing ~2% of the N inputs. The long-term peat N storage rate (8.4 ± 0.8 kg N ha-1 y-1) cannot be met by the measured N mass balance, showing that the bog catchment is losing more N than it can store due its saturated status.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Ernesto Saiz
- Lennard-Jones Laboratories, Birchall Centre, Keele University, UK
| | | | - Sam Tomlinson
- UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology (UKCEH), Lancaster, UK
| | | | - Sami Ullah
- Department of Geography, Earth and Environmental Science, University of Birmingham, UK
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Paulitsch F, Dos Reis FB, Hungria M. Twenty years of paradigm-breaking studies of taxonomy and symbiotic nitrogen fixation by beta-rhizobia, and indication of Brazil as a hotspot of Paraburkholderia diversity. Arch Microbiol 2021; 203:4785-4803. [PMID: 34245357 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-021-02466-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Revised: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Twenty years ago, the first members of the genus Burkholderia capable of nodulating and fixing N2 during symbiosis with leguminous plants were reported. The discovery that β-proteobacteria could nodulate legumes represented a breakthrough event because, for over 100 years, it was thought that all rhizobia belonged exclusively to the α-Proteobacteria class. Over the past 20 years, efforts toward robust characterization of these bacteria with large-scale phylogenomic and taxonomic studies have led to the separation of clinically important and phytopathogenic members of Burkholderia from environmental ones, and the symbiotic nodulating species are now included in the genera Paraburkholderia and Trinickia. Paraburkholderia encompasses the vast majority of β-rhizobia and has been mostly found in South America and South Africa, presenting greater symbiotic affinity with native members of the families Mimosoideae and Papilionoideae, respectively. Being the main center of Mimosa spp. diversity, Brazil is also known as the center of symbiotic Paraburkholderia diversity. Of the 21 symbiotic Paraburkholderia species described to date, 11 have been isolated in Brazil, and others first isolated in different countries have also been found in this country. Additionally, besides the symbiotic N2-fixation capacity of some of its members, Paraburkholderia is considered rich in other beneficial interactions with plants and can promote growth through several direct and indirect mechanisms. Therefore, these bacteria can be considered biological resources employed as environmentally friendly alternatives that could reduce the agricultural dependence on agrochemical inputs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabiane Paulitsch
- Embrapa Soja, C.P. 231, Londrina, Paraná, 86001-970, Brazil.,Departamento de Microbiologia, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, C.P. 10011, Londrina, Paraná, 86057-970, Brazil.,Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior, SBN, Quadra 2, Bloco L, Lote 06, Edifício Capes, Brasília, Distrito Federal, 70040-020, Brazil
| | | | - Mariangela Hungria
- Embrapa Soja, C.P. 231, Londrina, Paraná, 86001-970, Brazil. .,Departamento de Microbiologia, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, C.P. 10011, Londrina, Paraná, 86057-970, Brazil.
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Xiu L, Zhang W, Wu D, Sun Y, Zhang H, Gu W, Wang Y, Meng J, Chen W. Biochar can improve biological nitrogen fixation by altering the root growth strategy of soybean in Albic soil. Sci Total Environ 2021; 773:144564. [PMID: 33940700 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.144564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Revised: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/13/2020] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Albic soil is a low-yielding soil that is widely distributed in Northeast China. The high viscosity and acidity and the lack of nutrients in the Albic layer limit the growth of crop. In our previous studies, we found that applying biochar as a soil amendment could improve the properties of Albic soil and promote soybean growth. Increases in the nitrogen contents of the soil and the soybeans were key aspects of these improvements. Soybean is a nitrogen-fixing crop, the increase in nitrogen in the Albic soil may have been due to an improvement in biological nitrogen fixation by the soybean with biochar amendment, but the function mechanism was still uncertain. We hypothesized that biochar could improve biological nitrogen fixation of soybean by affecting soybean root growth in the Albic soil. Therefore, we conducted pot experiments with five treatment levels (0, 10, 20, 30, and 40 g·kg-1 biochar) for two years to study how biochar affects the root growth strategy and biological nitrogen fixation of soybean based on its root structure and root nutrient acquisition ability at different stages. The soybean root structure and activity indexes, nodulation ability and nitrogen uptake were measured at different growth stages; in the second year, at the late seed-filling stage, the stable 15N isotope method was used to elucidate the biological nitrogen fixation process. Regarding root structure at the pod-setting stage, biochar resulted in increases in root length density, specific root length, root diameter and specific tip density but a decrease in root tissue mass density at the pod-setting stage. Biochar improved root nutrient acquisition by increasing root activity, root tip number and root-bleeding sap amount. The change in root growth strategy contributed to the promotion of biological nitrogen fixation by the rhizobia that live symbiotically with soybean, thereby increasing crop yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liqun Xiu
- Biochar Engineering & Technology Research Center of Liaoning Province, Rice Research Institute, Agronomy College, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, Liaoning, China
| | - Weiming Zhang
- Biochar Engineering & Technology Research Center of Liaoning Province, Rice Research Institute, Agronomy College, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, Liaoning, China.
| | - Di Wu
- Biochar Engineering & Technology Research Center of Liaoning Province, Rice Research Institute, Agronomy College, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, Liaoning, China
| | - Yuanyuan Sun
- Biochar Engineering & Technology Research Center of Liaoning Province, Rice Research Institute, Agronomy College, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, Liaoning, China
| | - Honggui Zhang
- Biochar Engineering & Technology Research Center of Liaoning Province, Rice Research Institute, Agronomy College, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, Liaoning, China
| | - Wenqi Gu
- Biochar Engineering & Technology Research Center of Liaoning Province, Rice Research Institute, Agronomy College, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, Liaoning, China
| | - Yuning Wang
- Biochar Engineering & Technology Research Center of Liaoning Province, Rice Research Institute, Agronomy College, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, Liaoning, China
| | - Jun Meng
- Biochar Engineering & Technology Research Center of Liaoning Province, Rice Research Institute, Agronomy College, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, Liaoning, China
| | - Wenfu Chen
- Biochar Engineering & Technology Research Center of Liaoning Province, Rice Research Institute, Agronomy College, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, Liaoning, China.
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Garcia MVC, Nogueira MA, Hungria M. Combining microorganisms in inoculants is agronomically important but industrially challenging: case study of a composite inoculant containing Bradyrhizobium and Azospirillum for the soybean crop. AMB Express 2021; 11:71. [PMID: 34021824 PMCID: PMC8141083 DOI: 10.1186/s13568-021-01230-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The increasing global perception of the importance of microbial inoculants to promote productivity and sustainability in agriculture prompts the adoption of bio-inputs by the farmers. The utilization of selected elite strains of nitrogen-fixing and other plant-growth promoting microorganisms in single inoculants creates a promising market for composite inoculants. However, combining microorganisms with different physiological and nutritional needs requires biotechnological development. We report the development of a composite inoculant containing Bradyrhizobium diazoefficiens and Azospirillum brasilense for the soybean crop. Evaluation of use of carbon sources indicates differences between the microbial species, with Bradyrhizobium growing better with mannitol and glycerol, and Azospirillum with malic acid and maleic acid, allowing the design of a formulation for co-culture. Species also differ in their growth rates, and the best performance of both microorganisms occurred when Azospirillum was inoculated on the third day of growth of Bradyrhizobium. The composite inoculant developed was evaluated in five field trials performed in Brazil, including areas without and with naturalized populations of Bradyrhizobium. The composite inoculant resulted in symbiotic performance comparable to the application of the two microorganisms separately. In comparison to the single inoculation with Bradyrhizobium, co-inoculation resulted in average increases of 14.7% in grain yield and 16.4% in total N accumulated in the grains. The performance of the composite inoculant was similar or greater than that of the non-inoculated control receiving a high dose of N-fertilizer, indicating the importance of the development and validation of inoculants carrying multiple beneficial microorganisms.
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Sharma S, Gang S, Schumacher J, Buck M, Saraf M. Genomic appraisal of Klebsiella PGPB isolated from soil to enhance the growth of barley. Genes Genomics 2021; 43:869-883. [PMID: 33961231 DOI: 10.1007/s13258-021-01099-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 04/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND PGPR has substituted chemical fertilizers to enhance the nutrient profile of the soil. Although gene encoding for PGP activity is present in PGPB their activity changes in response to conditions. OBJECTIVE To study comparative genomics for three Klebsiella strains and their PGPR activity in response to in vitro and soil condition. METHODS We evaluated the activity of three Klebsiella spp. in two different conditions, specific nitrogen-deficient MS media and greenhouse experiment. Applying comparative genomics, genes encoding for PGP traits were identified from the whole-genome sequencing of the three strains. With the help of the RAST tool kit and functional annotation, a total number of genes encoding for cell wall capsule, nitrogen metabolism, sulfur genes and many other functional groups were identified. With the help of blast circular genome, similarity between GC content, pseudogene and tRNA was represented. The percentage of gene similarity of SSN1 was generated against BLAST with M5a1 and SGM81. Other methods like synteny alignment and orthologous gene clusters were applied to understand the homologous present in three strains. RESULTS SSN1 was actively producing the maximum amount of ammonia 10.97 ± 0.29 µmol/mL compared to the other two strains. K. oxytoca M5a1 was considered negative for all PGP traits except ammonia production. The activity of SSN1 was showing a consistent pattern both the conditions whereas M5a1 was only active in vitro condition. Gene encoding for allantoin metabolism allD, allC, allB, allA, allE, allR, allH were identified in SSN1 and M5a1 but was absent in SGM81. The highest COG was shared between SGM81 and SSN1 predicting a maximum number of similar genes. The nif gene cluster was 98 % identical to the M5a1 strain. CONCLUSIONS Comparatively, SSN1 expressed the additional gene for various PGP traits which suggest higher efficiency of strain in nitrogen deficiency stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheetal Sharma
- Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, School of Sciences, Gujarat University, Ahmedabad, 380009, India
| | - Shraddha Gang
- Department of Life Science, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Imperial College, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Jorg Schumacher
- Department of Life Science, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Imperial College, London, SW7 2AZ, UK.
| | - Martin Buck
- Department of Life Science, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Imperial College, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Meenu Saraf
- Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, School of Sciences, Gujarat University, Ahmedabad, 380009, India.
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Dias MAM, Bomfim CSG, Rodrigues DR, da Silva AF, Santos JCS, do Nascimento TR, Martins LMV, Dantas BF, Ribeiro PRDA, de Freitas ADS, Fernandes-Júnior PI. Paraburkholderia spp. are the main rhizobial microsymbionts of Mimosa tenuiflora (Willd.) Poir. in soils of the Brazilian tropical dry forests (Caatinga biome). Syst Appl Microbiol 2021; 44:126208. [PMID: 33992956 DOI: 10.1016/j.syapm.2021.126208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Revised: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Mimosa tenuiflora (Willd.) Poir. is widespread in southern and central American drylands, but little information is available concerning its associated rhizobia. Therefore, this study aimed to characterize M. tenuiflora rhizobia from soils of the tropical dry forests (Caatinga) in Pernambuco State, Brazil, at the molecular and symbiotic levels. Soil samples of pristine Caatinga areas in four municipalities were used to grow M. tenuiflora. First, the bacteria from root nodules were subjected to nodC/nifH gene amplification, and the bacteria positive for both genes had the 16S rRNA gene sequenced. Then, ten strains were evaluated using recA, gyrB, and nodC gene sequences, and seven of them had their symbiotic efficiency assessed. Thirty-two strains were obtained and 22 of them were nodC/nifH positive. Twenty strains clustered within Paraburkholderia and two within Rhizobium by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. The beta-rhizobia were similar to P. phenoliruptrix (12) and P. diazotrophica (8). Both alpha-rhizobia were closely related to R. miluonense. The recA + gyrB phylogenetic analysis clustered four and five strains within the P. phenoliruptrix and P. diazotrophica branches, respectively, but they were somewhat divergent to the 16S rRNA phylogeny. For Rhizobium sp. ESA 637, the recA + gyrB phylogeny clustered the strain with R. jaguaris. The nodC phylogeny indicated that ESA 626, ESA 629, and ESA 630 probably represented a new symbiovar branch. The inoculation assay showed high symbiotic efficiency for all tested strains. The results indicated high genetic diversity and efficiency of M. tenuiflora rhizobia in Brazilian drylands and included P. phenoliruptrix-like bacteria in the list of efficient beta-rhizobia in the Caatinga biome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcos André Moura Dias
- Universidade Federal do Vale do São Francisco (Univasf), Colegiado de Farmácia, Petrolina, PE, Brazil
| | | | | | - Aleksandro Ferreira da Silva
- Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco (UFRPE), Departamento de Agronomia, Recife, PE, Brazil; Faculdade UniBras, Departamento de Agronomia, Juazeiro, BA, Brazil
| | | | - Tailane Ribeiro do Nascimento
- Universidade do Estado da Bahia (UNEB), Departamento de Tecnologia e Ciências Sociais, R. Edgard Chastinet, s/n, Juazeiro, BA, Brazil
| | - Lindete Míria Vieira Martins
- Universidade do Estado da Bahia (UNEB), Departamento de Tecnologia e Ciências Sociais, R. Edgard Chastinet, s/n, Juazeiro, BA, Brazil
| | | | - Paula Rose de Almeida Ribeiro
- Embrapa Semiárido, Petrolina, PE, Brazil; Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de Pernambuco (Facepe), Recife, PE, Brazil; Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq), Brasília, DF, Brazil
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Abstract
Plant Growth Promoting Bacteria (PGPB) are a group of beneficial microorganisms that can positively influence plant fitness and development by improving nutrient acquisition, influencing global plant hormone levels (direct effect), or by reducing the detrimental effects of various pathogens on plant development (indirect effect). The use of PGPB in agriculture as formulated bioinoculants is a potential approach to reduce the negative environmental impacts caused by the continuous application of chemical fertilizers and pesticides. The evaluation of a great number of bacteria in the laboratory for key traits involved in the improvement of plant fitness is a suitable strategy to find prospective candidates for bioinoculants. This chapter presents the main methods described in the literature to quickly screen potential candidates from a bacterial collection to directly and indirectly promote the plant growth.
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Biancari L, Cerrotta C, Menéndez AI, Gundel PE, Martínez-Ghersa MA. Episodes of high tropospheric ozone reduce nodulation, seed production and quality in soybean (Glycine max (L.) merr.) on low fertility soils. Environ Pollut 2021; 269:116117. [PMID: 33272799 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.116117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2020] [Revised: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Driven by human activities, air pollution and soil degradation are threatening food production systems. Rising ozone in the troposphere can affect several physiological processes in plants and their interaction with symbiotic microorganisms. Plant responses to ozone may depend on both soil fertility and the ontogenetic stage in which they are exposed. In this work, we studied the effects of ozone episodes and soil fertility on soybean plants. We analysed soybean plant responses in the production of aboveground and belowground biomass, structural and functional attributes of rhizobia, and seed production and quality. The experiment was performed with plants grown in two substrates with different fertility (commercial soil, and soil diluted (50%, v/v) with sand). Plants were exposed to acute episodes of ozone during vegetative and reproductive stages. We observed that ozone significantly reduced belowground biomass (≈25%), nodule biomass (≈30%), and biological nitrogen fixation (≈21%). Plants exposed to ozone during reproductive stage growing in soil with reduced fertility had lower seed production (≈10% lower) and seed protein (≈12% lower). These responses on yield and quality can be explained by the observed changes in belowground biomass and nitrogen fixation. The negative impact of ozone on the symbiotic interaction with rhizobia, seed production and quality in soybean plants were greater in soils with reduced fertility. Our results indicate that food security could be at risk in the future if trends in ozone concentration and soil degradation processes continue to increase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucio Biancari
- IFEVA, Universidad de Buenos Aires, CONICET, Facultad de Agronomía, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Clara Cerrotta
- IFEVA, Universidad de Buenos Aires, CONICET, Facultad de Agronomía, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Universidad Nacional de Hurlingham, Instituto de Biotecnología, Villa Tesei, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Analía I Menéndez
- IFEVA, Universidad de Buenos Aires, CONICET, Facultad de Agronomía, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Pedro E Gundel
- IFEVA, Universidad de Buenos Aires, CONICET, Facultad de Agronomía, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Instituto de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Talca, Campus Talca, Chile
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do Nascimento TR, Sena PTS, Oliveira GS, da Silva TR, Dias MAM, de Freitas ADS, Martins LMV, Fernandes-Júnior PI. Co-inoculation of two symbiotically efficient Bradyrhizobium strains improves cowpea development better than a single bacterium application. 3 Biotech 2021; 11:4. [PMID: 33269188 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-020-02534-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The co-inoculation of Bradyrhizobium with other non-bradyrhizobial strains was already assessed on cowpea, but the co-inoculation of two Bradyrhizobium strains was not tested up to now. This study aimed to evaluate the cowpea growth, N accumulation, and Bradyrhizobium competitiveness of the elite strain B. pachyrhizi BR 3262 when co-inoculated with other efficient Bradyrhizobium from the Brazilian semiarid region. Three potted-plant experiments were carried out. In the first assay, 35 efficient Bradyrhizobium isolates obtained from the semiarid region of Brazil were co-inoculated with the elite strains B. pachyrhizi BR 3262. The experiment was conducted in gnotobiotic conditions. The plant growth, nodulation, N nutritional variables, and nodular occupation were assessed. Under gnotobiotic and non-sterile soil conditions, ten selected bacteria plus the elite strain B. yuanmingense BR 3267 were used at the second and third experiments, respectively. The cowpea was inoculated with the 11 bacteria individually or co-inoculated with BR 3262. The plant growth and N nutritional variables were assessed. A double-layer medium spot method experiment was conducted to evaluate the interaction among the co-inoculated strains in standard and diluted YMA media. The co-inoculation treatments showed the best efficiency when compared to the treatments inoculated solely with BR 3262. This strain occupied a low amount of cowpea nodules ranging from 5 to 67.5%. The treatments with lower BR 3262 nodule occupancy showed the best results for the shoot nitrogen accumulation. The culture experiment showed that four bacteria inhibited the growth of BR 3262. In contrast, seven strains from the soils of Brazilian semiarid region were benefited by the previous inoculation of this strain. In the second and third experiments, the results indicated that all 11 co-inoculated treatments were more efficient than the single inoculation, proofing the best performance of the dual inoculation of Bradyrhizobium on cowpea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tailane Ribeiro do Nascimento
- Departamento de Tecnologia e Ciências Sociais, Universidade do Estado da Bahia, R. Edgard Chastinet, s/n, Juazeiro, BA Brazil
| | - Pâmella Thalita Souza Sena
- Departamento de Tecnologia e Ciências Sociais, Universidade do Estado da Bahia, R. Edgard Chastinet, s/n, Juazeiro, BA Brazil
| | - Gilmar Silva Oliveira
- Central Acadêmica, Universidade Estadual da Paraíba, R. Baraúnas 351, Campina Grande, PB Brazil
| | - Thaise Rosa da Silva
- Colegiado de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Vale do São Francisco, Av. José de Sá Maniçoba, s/n, Petrolina, PE Brazil
| | - Marcos André Moura Dias
- Colegiado de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Vale do São Francisco, Av. José de Sá Maniçoba, s/n, Petrolina, PE Brazil
| | | | - Lindete Míria Vieira Martins
- Departamento de Tecnologia e Ciências Sociais, Universidade do Estado da Bahia, R. Edgard Chastinet, s/n, Juazeiro, BA Brazil
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Parison K, Gies-Elterlein J, Trncik C, Einsle O. Expression, Isolation, and Characterization of Vanadium Nitrogenase from Azotobacter vinelandii. Methods Mol Biol 2021; 2353:97-121. [PMID: 34292546 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-1605-5_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Nitrogenases are the sole enzymes known to mediate biological nitrogen fixation, an essential process for sustaining life on earth. Among the three known variants, molybdenum nitrogenase is the best-studied to date. Recent work on the alternative vanadium nitrogenase provided important insights into the mechanism of nitrogen fixation since this enzyme differs from its molybdenum counterpart in some important aspects. Here, we present a protocol to obtain unmodified vanadium nitrogenase in high yield and purity from the paradigmatic diazotroph Azotobacter vinelandii, including procedures for cell cultivation, purification, and protein characterization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Parison
- Institut für Biochemie, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | | | - Christian Trncik
- Institut für Biochemie, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Oliver Einsle
- Institut für Biochemie, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
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Cerezini P, Kuwano BH, Grunvald AK, Hungria M, Nogueira MA. Soybean tolerance to drought depends on the associated Bradyrhizobium strain. Braz J Microbiol 2020; 51:1977-1986. [PMID: 32918241 PMCID: PMC7688821 DOI: 10.1007/s42770-020-00375-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
Abstract
We evaluated the effect of three different Bradyrhizobium strains inoculated in two soybean genotypes (R01-581F, drought-tolerant, and NA5858RR, drought-sensitive) submitted to drought in two trials conducted simultaneously under greenhouse. The strains (SEMIA 587, SEMIA 5019 (both B. elkanii), and SEMIA 5080 (B. diazoefficiens)) were inoculated individually in each genotype and then submitted to water restriction (or kept well-watered, control) between 45 and 62 days after emergence. No deep changes in plant physiological variables were observed under the moderate water restriction imposed during the first 10 days. Nevertheless, photosynthesis and transpiration decreased after the severe water restriction imposed for further 7 days. Water restriction reduced growth (- 30%) and the number of nodules (- 47% and - 58% for R01-581F and NA5858RR, respectively) of both genotypes, with a negative effect on N-metabolism. The genotype R01-581F inoculated with SEMIA 5019 strain had higher photosynthetic rates compared with NA5858RR, regardless of the Bradyrhizobium strain. On average, R01-581F showed better performance under drought than NA5858RR, with higher number of nodules (51 vs. 38 nodules per plant, respectively) and less accumulation of ureides in petioles (15 μmol g-1 vs. 34 μmol g-1, respectively). Moreover, plants inoculated with SEMIA 5080 had higher glutamine synthetase activity under severe water restriction, especially in the drought-tolerant R01-518F, suggesting maintenance of N metabolism under drought. The Bradyrhizobium strain affects the host plant responses to drought in which the strain SEMIA 5080 improves the drought tolerance of R01-518F genotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Cerezini
- Department of Agronomy, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, C. Postal 10.011, Londrina, PR, 86057-970, Brazil
- Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq), Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - Biana Harumi Kuwano
- Department of Agronomy, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, C. Postal 10.011, Londrina, PR, 86057-970, Brazil
| | - Anna Karolina Grunvald
- Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq), Brasília, DF, Brazil
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Chibeba AM, Kyei-Boahen S, de Fátima Guimarães M, Nogueira MA, Hungria M. Towards sustainable yield improvement: field inoculation of soybean with Bradyrhizobium and co-inoculation with Azospirillum in Mozambique. Arch Microbiol 2020; 202:2579-2590. [PMID: 32681431 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-020-01976-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2019] [Revised: 06/14/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The effects of sole inoculation of soybean (Glycine max L. Merrill) with Bradyrhizobium and co-inoculation with Bradyrhizobium and Azospirillum on nodulation, plant growth and yields were investigated in the 2013/2014 and 2014/2015 cropping seasons under field conditions in Mozambique. The treatments included (1) Control (non-inoculated control, with symbiosis depending on indigenous rhizobia), (2) Urea (non-inoculated, receiving 200 kg ha-1 of N), (3) Sole inoculation with B. diazoefficiens strain USDA 110, and (4) Co-inoculation with B. diazoefficiens strain USDA 110 and A. brasilense strains Ab-V5 and Ab-V6, evaluated in a randomized complete block design with five replications. Nodule number and dry weight, shoot dry weight, biological and grain yields, grain dry weight, and harvest index were evaluated. In general, both sole inoculation and co-inoculation enhanced nodulation in relation to control. Sole inoculation increased grain yield by 22% (356 kg ha-1), the same enhancement magnitude attained under mineral N treatment, suggesting that Bradyrhizobium inoculation provides ecological and economic sustainability to the soybean crop in Mozambique or other countries with similar agro-climatic conditions. Co-inoculation did not increase grain yields in relation to neither the control nor sole inoculation, indicating that further research with adapted and high yielding soybean varieties along with effective rhizobial strains is required in Mozambique to attune the beneficial Azospirillum-plant cultivar-rhizobia interactions that have been reported in other countries for several legumes, including soybean.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amaral Machaculeha Chibeba
- Department Agronomy, Universidade Estadual de Londrina (UEL), C.P. 10.011, Londrina, PR, 86057-970, Brazil.
- International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA), PO Box 709, Nampula, Mozambique.
| | - Stephen Kyei-Boahen
- International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA), PO Box 709, Nampula, Mozambique
| | - Maria de Fátima Guimarães
- Department Agronomy, Universidade Estadual de Londrina (UEL), C.P. 10.011, Londrina, PR, 86057-970, Brazil
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Rodrigues TF, Bender FR, Sanzovo AWS, Ferreira E, Nogueira MA, Hungria M. Impact of pesticides in properties of Bradyrhizobium spp. and in the symbiotic performance with soybean. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2020; 36:172. [PMID: 33068168 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-020-02949-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 10/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] has great economic and nutritional importance mainly due to its high protein content. All plant's N needs can be met by the symbiosis with elite Bradyrhizobium strains applied as inoculants to the seeds at sowing time; however, the increasing use of pesticides in seed treatments can impair the contribution of the biological nitrogen fixation. In this study, we report decreases in cell survival of two strains, B. japonicum SEMIA 5079 and B. elkanii SEMIA 587 in seeds inoculated and treated with StandakTop™, composed of the fungicides pyraclostrobin and thiophanate-methyl and the insecticide fipronil, the pesticides most used in soybean seed treatment in several countries. Cell death was enhanced with the time of exposure to the pesticides, and B. elkanii was less tolerant, with almost no detectable viable cells after 15 days. Change in colony morphology with smaller colonies was observed in the presence of the pesticides, being more drastic with the time of exposure, and attributed to an adaptive response towards survival in the presence of the abiotic stress. However, morphological changes were reversible after elimination of the stressing agent and symbiotic performance under controlled greenhouse conditions was similar between strains that had been or not exposed to the pesticides. In addition, no changes in DNA profiles (BOX-PCR) of both strains were observed after the contact with the pesticides. In two field experiments, impacting effects of the pesticides were observed mainly on the total N accumulated in grains of plants relying on both N2-fixation and N-fertilizer. Our data indicate that StandakTop® affects parameters never reported before, including colony morphology of Bradyrhizobium spp. and N metabolism and/or N remobilization to soybean grains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thiago Fernandes Rodrigues
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, C.P. 10.011, Londrina, Paraná, 86.057-970, Brazil
- Embrapa Soja, Caixa Postal 231, Londrina, Paraná, CEP 86001-970, Brazil
| | - Flavia Raquel Bender
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, C.P. 10.011, Londrina, Paraná, 86.057-970, Brazil
- Embrapa Soja, Caixa Postal 231, Londrina, Paraná, CEP 86001-970, Brazil
| | - Alisson Wilson Santos Sanzovo
- Embrapa Soja, Caixa Postal 231, Londrina, Paraná, CEP 86001-970, Brazil
- Department of Agronomy, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, C.P. 6001, Londrina, Paraná, 86.057-970, Brazil
| | - Eduara Ferreira
- Embrapa Soja, Caixa Postal 231, Londrina, Paraná, CEP 86001-970, Brazil
| | - Marco Antonio Nogueira
- Embrapa Soja, Caixa Postal 231, Londrina, Paraná, CEP 86001-970, Brazil
- Department of Agronomy, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, C.P. 6001, Londrina, Paraná, 86.057-970, Brazil
| | - Mariangela Hungria
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, C.P. 10.011, Londrina, Paraná, 86.057-970, Brazil.
- Embrapa Soja, Caixa Postal 231, Londrina, Paraná, CEP 86001-970, Brazil.
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Paulitsch F, Delamuta JRM, Ribeiro RA, da Silva Batista JS, Hungria M. Phylogeny of symbiotic genes reveals symbiovars within legume-nodulating Paraburkholderia species. Syst Appl Microbiol 2020; 43:126151. [PMID: 33171385 DOI: 10.1016/j.syapm.2020.126151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Revised: 10/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/02/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Bacteria belonging to the genus Paraburkholderia are capable of establishing symbiotic relationships with plants belonging to the Fabaceae (=Leguminosae) family and fixing the atmospheric nitrogen in specialized structures in the roots called nodules, in a process known as biological nitrogen fixation (BNF). In the nodulation and BNF processes several bacterial symbiotic genes are involved, but the relations between symbiotic, core genes and host specificity are still poorly studied and understood in Paraburkholderia. In this study, eight strains of nodulating nitrogen-fixing Paraburkholderia isolated in Brazil, together with described species and other reference strains were used to infer the relatedness between core (16S rDNA, recA) and symbiotic (nod, nif, fix) genes. The diversity of genes involved in the nodulation (nodAC) and nitrogen fixation (nifH) abilities was investigated. Only two groups, one containing three Paraburkholderia species symbionts of Mimosa, and another one with P. ribeironis strains presented similar phylogenetic patterns in the analysis of core and symbiotic genes. In three other groups events of horizontal gene transfer of symbiotic genes were detected. Paraburkholderia strains with available genomes were used in the complementary analysis of nifHDK and fixABC and confirmed well-defined phylogenetic positions of symbiotic genes. In all analyses of nod, nif and fix genes the strains were distributed into five clades with high bootstrap support, allowing the proposal of five symbiovars in nodulating nitrogen-fixing Paraburkholderia, designated as mimosae, africana, tropicalis, atlantica and piptadeniae. Phylogenetic inferences within each symbiovar are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabiane Paulitsch
- Embrapa Soja, C.P. 231, 86001-970 Londrina, Paraná, Brazil; Departamento de Microbiologia, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, C.P. 10011, 86057-970 Londrina, Paraná, Brazil; Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior, SBN, Quadra 2, Bloco L, Lote 06, Edifício Capes, 70.040-020 Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil.
| | - Jakeline Renata Marçon Delamuta
- Embrapa Soja, C.P. 231, 86001-970 Londrina, Paraná, Brazil; Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico, SHIS QI 1 Conjunto B, Blocos A, B, C e D, Lago Sul, 71605-001 Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil.
| | - Renan Augusto Ribeiro
- Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico, SHIS QI 1 Conjunto B, Blocos A, B, C e D, Lago Sul, 71605-001 Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil.
| | - Jesiane Stefania da Silva Batista
- Departamento de Biologia Estrutural, Molecular e Genética, Universidade Estadual de Ponta Grossa, Avenida General Carlos Cavalcanti, 4748 - Uvaranas, C.P. 6001, Ponta Grossa, PR 84030‑900, Brazil.
| | - Mariangela Hungria
- Embrapa Soja, C.P. 231, 86001-970 Londrina, Paraná, Brazil; Departamento de Microbiologia, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, C.P. 10011, 86057-970 Londrina, Paraná, Brazil; Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico, SHIS QI 1 Conjunto B, Blocos A, B, C e D, Lago Sul, 71605-001 Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil.
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Tekulu K, Taye G, Assefa D. Effect of starter nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer rates on yield and yield components, grain protein content of groundnut ( Arachis Hypogaea L.) and residual soil nitrogen content in a semiarid north Ethiopia. Heliyon 2020; 6:e05101. [PMID: 33033762 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e05101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2019] [Revised: 02/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Increasing costs of chemical fertilizers, environmental concerns of their application and demand for protein foods, placed an extensive interest in growing of legume crops for human nutrition, and soil fertility replenishment. This study was conducted to investigate the effects of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) fertilizers on parameters of phenology, growth performance, grain yield, yield components, grain protein content of groundnut, and residual soil nitrogen content in the northern Ethiopia during the growing season of 2017. Three levels of N (0, 15 and 30 kg ha-1) and four levels of P2O5 (0, 23, 46 and 69 kg ha-1) were set in factorial combinations of randomized complete block design with three replications. Results showed that an average total biomass yield increased by 22.5% for separate individual application of 15 kg N ha-1 and by 16.6% for 46 kg P2O5 ha-1 compared to control plots. Haulm yield increased by 29.17% for plots treated with N fertilization compared to control plots. Average pod yield increased by 85.4% for a combined application of 15 kg N ha-1 and 46 kg P2O5 ha-1 fertilizers compared to the control plots. Plots fertilized with the highest combined rates of N and P have attained lower grain yield compared to the combined application of 15 kg N ha-1 and 46 kg P2O5 ha-1. The highest grain protein contents were obtained for a combined application of 30 kg N ha-1 and zero P, and 15 kg N ha-1 plus 46 kg P2O5 ha-1. The highest N harvest index was obtained for control treatments and for plots treated with combined application of 15 kg N ha-1 and 46 kg P2O5 ha-1. Residual soil N content increased by 119% on plots with combined application of 15 kg N ha-1 and 46 P2O5 ha-1 compared to control plots. Based on our results, combined application of 15 kg N ha-1 and 46 kg P2O5 ha-1 was recommended for increasing grain yield, grain protein content and residual soil nitrogen. The results of this study are crucial to improve groundnut productivity, grain protein content and also to provide implication on soil fertility management in a crop rotation system.
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Liu X, Yang C, Yu X, Yu H, Zhuang W, Gu H, Xu K, Zheng X, Wang C, Xiao F, Wu B, He Z, Yan Q. Revealing structure and assembly for rhizophyte-endophyte diazotrophic community in mangrove ecosystem after introduced Sonneratia apetala and Laguncularia racemosa. Sci Total Environ 2020; 721:137807. [PMID: 32179356 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.137807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Revised: 03/04/2020] [Accepted: 03/06/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) mediated by diazotrophic communities is a major source of bioavailable nitrogen in mangrove wetlands, which plays important roles in maintaining the health and stability of mangrove ecosystems. Recent large-scale mangrove afforestation activities have drawn great attention due to introduced mangrove species and their potential impacts on bio-functionalities of local ecosystems. However, the effects of introduced mangrove species on diazotrophic communities remain unclear. Here, we analyzed rhizosphere and endosphere diazotrophic communities between native mangrove species (Avicennia marina) and introduced mangrove species (Sonneratia apetala and Laguncularia racemose) by sequencing nifH gene amplicons. Our results showed that S. apetala and L. racemose introduction significantly (P < 0.05) increased nutrition components (e.g., total carbon and total nitrogen) in rhizosphere, as well as the diazotrophs richness in rhizosphere and endosphere. The relative abundance of clusters III diazotrophs in the rhizosphere and Rhizobium in the endosphere were significantly increased with L. racemosa or S. apetala introduction. Fe and pH were the main environmental factors driving the divergence of endophyte-rhizophyte diazotrophs between native and introduced mangroves. The correlation-based network analyses indicated that the interaction among rhizophyte-endophyte diazotrophs is more harmonious in native mangrove, while there exist more competition in introduced mangroves. These findings expand our current understanding of BNF in mangrove afforestation, and providing new perspectives to sustainable management of mangrove ecosystem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingyu Liu
- Environmental Microbiomics Research Center, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Chao Yang
- Environmental Microbiomics Research Center, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Xiaoli Yu
- Environmental Microbiomics Research Center, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Huang Yu
- Environmental Microbiomics Research Center, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Wei Zhuang
- Environmental Microbiomics Research Center, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Hang Gu
- Environmental Microbiomics Research Center, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Kui Xu
- Environmental Microbiomics Research Center, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Xiafei Zheng
- Environmental Microbiomics Research Center, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Cheng Wang
- South China Sea Institution, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai 519082, China
| | - Fanshu Xiao
- Environmental Microbiomics Research Center, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Bo Wu
- Environmental Microbiomics Research Center, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Zhili He
- Environmental Microbiomics Research Center, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China; South China Sea Institution, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai 519082, China; College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Qingyun Yan
- Environmental Microbiomics Research Center, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
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Zhou L, Wang X, Ren W, Xu Y, Zhao L, Zhang Y, Teng Y. Contribution of autochthonous diazotrophs to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon dissipation in contaminated soils. Sci Total Environ 2020; 719:137410. [PMID: 32120099 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.137410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2019] [Revised: 02/12/2020] [Accepted: 02/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the role played by autochthonous functional microbes involved in the biotransformation of pollutants would help optimize bioremediation performance at contaminated sites. However, our knowledge of the remediation potential of indigenous diazotrophs in contaminated soils remains inadequate. Using a microcosm experiment, soil nitrogen fixation activity was manipulated by molybdenum (Mo) and tungsten (W), and their effect on the removal of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) was determined in agricultural and industrial soils. Results showed that after 42 days of incubation, PAH dissipation efficiency was significantly enhanced by 1.06-fold in 600 μg kg-1 Mo-treated agricultural soil, compared with that in the control. For the industrial soil, 1200 μg kg-1 Mo treatment significantly promoted PAH removal by 90.76% in 21 days, whereas no significant change was observed between treatments and control at the end of the incubation period. W also exerted a similar effect on PAH dissipation. The activity and gene abundance of nitrogenase were also increased under Mo/W treatments in the two soils. Spearman's correlation analysis further indicated that removal of PAHs was positively correlated with nitrogenase activity in soil, which could be due to the elevated abundances of PAH-degrading genes (PAH-RHDα) in these treatments. Our results suggest the importance of autochthonous diazotrophs in PAH-contaminated soils, which indicates a feasible and environmentally friendly biostimulation strategy of manipulating nitrogen fixation capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Zhou
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211800, China; Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Xiaomi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Wenjie Ren
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Yongfeng Xu
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Ling Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Yufeng Zhang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211800, China.
| | - Ying Teng
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China.
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Li Y, Li Q, Guan G, Chen S. Phosphate solubilizing bacteria stimulate wheat rhizosphere and endosphere biological nitrogen fixation by improving phosphorus content. PeerJ 2020; 8:e9062. [PMID: 32411531 PMCID: PMC7204819 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.9062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2019] [Accepted: 04/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Phosphate (P) availability often limits biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) by diazotrophic bacteria. In soil, only 0.1% of the total P is available for plant uptake. P solubilizing bacteria can convert insoluble P to plant-available soluble P (ionic P and low molecular-weight organic P). However, limited information is available about the effects of synergistic application of diazotrophic bacteria and P solubilizing bacteria on the nitrogenase activity of rhizosphere and nifH expression of endosphere. In this study, we investigated the effects of co-inoculation with a diazotrophic bacterium (Paenibacillus beijingensis BJ-18) and a P-solubilizing bacterium (Paenibacillus sp. B1) on wheat growth, plant and soil total N, plant total P, soil available P, soil nitrogenase activity and the relative expression of nifH in plant tissues. Co-inoculation significantly increased plant biomass (length, fresh and dry weight) and plant N content (root: 27%, shoot: 30%) and P content (root: 63%, shoot: 30%). Co-inoculation also significantly increased soil total N (12%), available P (9%) and nitrogenase activity (69%) compared to P. beijingensis BJ-18 inoculation alone. Quantitative real-time PCR analysis showed co-inoculation doubled expression of nifH genes in shoots and roots. Soil nitrogenase activity and nifH expression within plant tissues correlated with P content of soil and plant tissues, which suggests solubilization of P by Paenibacillus sp. B1 increased N fixation in soils and the endosphere. In conclusion, P solubilizing bacteria generally improved soil available P and plant P uptake, and considerably stimulated BNF in the rhizosphere and endosphere of wheat seedlings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongbin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology and College of Biological Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology and College of Biological Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Guohua Guan
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology and College of Biological Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Sanfeng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology and College of Biological Sciences, Beijing, China
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Paulitsch F, Dall'Agnol RF, Delamuta JRM, Ribeiro RA, da Silva Batista JS, Hungria M. Paraburkholderia atlantica sp. nov. and Paraburkholderia franconis sp. nov., two new nitrogen-fixing nodulating species isolated from Atlantic forest soils in Brazil. Arch Microbiol 2020; 202:1369-80. [PMID: 32166359 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-020-01843-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2019] [Revised: 02/18/2020] [Accepted: 02/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
A polyphasic study was conducted with 11 strains trapped by Mimosa pudica and Phaseolus vulgaris grown in soils of the Brazilian Atlantic Forest. In the phylogenetic analysis of the 16S rRNA gene, one clade of strains (Psp1) showed higher similarity with Paraburkholderia piptadeniae STM7183T (99.6%), whereas the second (Psp6) was closely related to Paraburkholderia tuberum STM678T (99%). An MLSA (multilocus sequence analysis) with four (recA, gyrB, trpB and gltB) housekeeping genes placed both Psp1 and Psp6 strains in new clades, and BOX-PCR profiles indicated high intraspecific genetic diversity within each clade. Values of digital DNA-DNA hybridization (dDDH) and average nucleotide identity (ANI) of the whole genome sequences were of 56.9 and 94.4% between the Psp1 strain CNPSo 3157T and P. piptadeniae; and of 49.7% and 92.7% between the Psp6 strain CNPSo 3155T and P. tuberum, below the threshold for species delimitation. In the nodC analysis, Psp1 strains clustered together with P. piptadeniae, while Psp6 did not group with any symbiotic Paraburkholderia. Other phenotypic, genotypic and symbiotic properties were evaluated. The polyphasic analysis supports that the strains represent two novel species, for which the names Paraburkholderia franconis sp. nov. with type strain CNPSo 3157T (= ABIP 241, = LMG 31644) and Paraburkholderia atlantica sp. nov. with type strain CNPSo 3155T (= ABIP 236, = LMG 31643) are proposed.
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Ferraz Helene LC, O'Hara G, Hungria M. Characterization of Bradyrhizobium strains indigenous to Western Australia and South Africa indicates remarkable genetic diversity and reveals putative new species. Syst Appl Microbiol 2020; 43:126053. [PMID: 31937424 DOI: 10.1016/j.syapm.2020.126053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2019] [Revised: 12/30/2019] [Accepted: 01/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Bradyrhizobium are N2-fixing microsymbionts of legumes with relevant applications in agricultural sustainability, and we investigated the phylogenetic relationships of conserved and symbiotic genes of 21 bradyrhizobial strains. The study included strains from Western Australia (WA), isolated from nodules of Glycine spp. the country is one genetic center for the genus and from nodules of other indigenous legumes grown in WA, and strains isolated from forage Glycine sp. grown in South Africa. The 16S rRNA phylogeny divided the strains in two superclades, of B. japonicum and B. elkanii, but with low discrimination among the species. The multilocus sequence analysis (MLSA) with four protein-coding housekeeping genes (dnaK, glnII, gyrB and recA) pointed out seven groups as putative new species, two within the B. japonicum, and five within the B. elkanii superclades. The remaining eleven strains showed higher similarity with six species, B. lupini, B. liaoningense, B. yuanmingense, B. subterraneum, B. brasilense and B. retamae. Phylogenetic analysis of the nodC symbiotic gene clustered 13 strains in three different symbiovars (sv. vignae, sv. genistearum and sv. retamae), while seven others might compose new symbiovars. The genetic profiles of the strains evaluated by BOX-PCR revealed high intra- and interspecific diversity. The results point out the high level of diversity still to be explored within the Bradyrhizobium genus, and further studies might confirm new species and symbiovars.
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Santos MS, Nogueira MA, Hungria M. Microbial inoculants: reviewing the past, discussing the present and previewing an outstanding future for the use of beneficial bacteria in agriculture. AMB Express 2019; 9:205. [PMID: 31865554 PMCID: PMC6925611 DOI: 10.1186/s13568-019-0932-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Accepted: 12/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
More than one hundred years have passed since the development of the first microbial inoculant for plants. Nowadays, the use of microbial inoculants in agriculture is spread worldwide for different crops and carrying different microorganisms. In the last decades, impressive progress has been achieved in the production, commercialization and use of inoculants. Nowadays, farmers are more receptive to the use of inoculants mainly because high-quality products and multi-purpose elite strains are available at the market, improving yields at low cost in comparison to chemical fertilizers. In the context of a more sustainable agriculture, microbial inoculants also help to mitigate environmental impacts caused by agrochemicals. Challenges rely on the production of microbial inoculants for a broader range of crops, and the expansion of the inoculated area worldwide, in addition to the search for innovative microbial solutions in areas subjected to increasing episodes of environmental stresses. In this review, we explore the world market for inoculants, showing which bacteria are prominent as inoculants in different countries, and we discuss the main research strategies that might contribute to improve the use of microbial inoculants in agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Sanches Santos
- Embrapa Soja, Cx. Postal 231, Londrina, Paraná 86001-970 Brazil
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, C.P. 60001, Londrina, Paraná 86051-990 Brazil
| | | | - Mariangela Hungria
- Embrapa Soja, Cx. Postal 231, Londrina, Paraná 86001-970 Brazil
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, C.P. 60001, Londrina, Paraná 86051-990 Brazil
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Monteiro PHR, Kaschuk G, Winagraski E, Auer CG, Higa AR. Rhizobial inoculation in black wattle plantation (Acacia mearnsii De Wild.) in production systems of southern Brazil. Braz J Microbiol 2019; 50:989-998. [PMID: 31463869 PMCID: PMC6863320 DOI: 10.1007/s42770-019-00148-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2019] [Accepted: 08/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Black wattle (Acacia mearnsii De Wild.) is a tree legume native to southeast Australia, but present in all continents. Today it covers about 142,400 ha in Brazil, with plantations concentrated in the southern region of the country. Black wattle may form nodules and establish rhizobial symbiosis capable of fixing N2, but rhizobial inoculation is not done in commercial plantations. About 40 kg ha-1 of urea is applied during seedling transplantation. In this review, evidences by which rhizobial inoculation affects monoculture, mixed cultivation, and agroforestry black wattle production systems were searched in literature. Previous measurements in cultivated forests have indicated that biological nitrogen fixation in black wattle may provide up to 200 kg of N ha-1 year-1 to the soil. Therefore, rhizobia inoculation may bring several opportunities to improve black wattle production systems. Black wattle is not a very selective partner in the rhizobial symbiosis, but the genus Bradyrhizobium dominates the rhizobial diversity of black wattle nodules. Investigation on rhizobial diversity in soils where the crop is cultivated may represent an opportunity to find more effective rhizobia strains for inoculants. The successful history of biological nitrogen fixation in grain legumes must inspire the history of tree legumes. Microbiology applied to forestry must overcome challenges on the lack of trained professionals and the development of new application technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Henrique Riboldi Monteiro
- Departamento de Engenharia Florestal, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Av. Prefeito Lothário Meissner, 632, Jardim Botânico, Curitiba, Paraná 80210-170 Brazil
| | - Glaciela Kaschuk
- Departamento de Solos e Engenharia Agrícola, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Rua dos Funcionários, 1540, Curitiba, Paraná 80035-050 Brazil
| | - Etienne Winagraski
- Departamento de Engenharia Florestal, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Av. Prefeito Lothário Meissner, 632, Jardim Botânico, Curitiba, Paraná 80210-170 Brazil
| | - Celso Garcia Auer
- Departamento de Engenharia Florestal, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Av. Prefeito Lothário Meissner, 632, Jardim Botânico, Curitiba, Paraná 80210-170 Brazil
- Embrapa Florestas, Cx. Postal 319, Colombo, Paraná 83411-000 Brazil
| | - Antônio Rioyei Higa
- Departamento de Engenharia Florestal, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Av. Prefeito Lothário Meissner, 632, Jardim Botânico, Curitiba, Paraná 80210-170 Brazil
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Abstract
Biological nitrogen fixation via the activity of nitrogenase is one of the most important biological innovations, allowing for an increase in global productivity that eventually permitted the emergence of higher forms of life. The complex metalloenzyme termed nitrogenase contains complex iron-sulfur cofactors. Three versions of nitrogenase exist that differ mainly by the presence or absence of a heterometal at the active site metal cluster (either Mo or V). Mo-dependent nitrogenase is the most common while V-dependent or heterometal independent (Fe-only) versions are often termed alternative nitrogenases since they have apparent lower activities for N2 reduction and are expressed in the absence of Mo. Phylogenetic data indicates that biological nitrogen fixation emerged in an anaerobic, thermophilic ancestor of hydrogenotrophic methanogens and later diversified via lateral gene transfer into anaerobic bacteria, and eventually aerobic bacteria including Cyanobacteria. Isotopic evidence suggests that nitrogenase activity existed at 3.2 Ga, prior to the advent of oxygenic photosynthesis and rise of oxygen in the atmosphere, implying the presence of favorable environmental conditions for oxygen-sensitive nitrogenase to evolve. Following the proliferation of oxygenic phototrophs, diazotrophic organisms had to develop strategies to protect nitrogenase from oxygen inactivation and generate the right balance of low potential reducing equivalents and cellular energy for growth and nitrogen fixation activity. Here we review the fundamental advances in our understanding of biological nitrogen fixation in the context of the emergence, evolution, and taxonomic distribution of nitrogenase, with an emphasis placed on key events associated with its emergence and diversification from anoxic to oxic environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florence Mus
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA
| | - Daniel R Colman
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, USA
| | - John W Peters
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA.
| | - Eric S Boyd
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, USA.
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Paulitsch F, Dall'Agnol RF, Delamuta JRM, Ribeiro RA, da Silva Batista JS, Hungria M. Paraburkholderia guartelaensis sp. nov., a nitrogen-fixing species isolated from nodules of Mimosa gymnas in an ecotone considered as a hotspot of biodiversity in Brazil. Arch Microbiol 2019; 201:1435-46. [PMID: 31428824 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-019-01714-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2019] [Revised: 07/14/2019] [Accepted: 08/10/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
A polyphasic approach was used to infer the phylogenetic position of six nitrogen-fixing symbiotic bacteria isolated from Mimosa gymnas nodules grown in an ecotone between the Brazilian biomes of Atlantic Forest and Cerrado, considered as a hotspot of biodiversity. The 16S rRNA gene phylogeny indicated the highest similarity with Paraburkholderia oxyphila (98.7-98.9%), but similar values were found with other Paraburkholderia species. The multilocus sequence analysis (MLSA) of five (recA, gyrB, trpB, gltB, and atpD) housekeeping genes indicated that the CNPSo strains represent a novel lineage, sharing less than 95.7% of nucleotide identity (NI) with other Paraburkholderia species, being more closely related to P. nodosa. Genome parameters were analyzed for strain CNPSo 3008T, and DNA-DNA hybridization revealed a maximum of 55.9% of DNA-DNA relatedness with P. nodosa, while average nucleotide identity with the two closest species was of 93.84% with P. nodosa and of 87.93% with P. mimosarum, both parameters confirming that the strain represents a new species. In the analysis of the nodulation nodC gene, all CNPSo strains showed the highest similarity with P. nodosa, and nodulation tests indicated host specificity with Mimosa. Other phylogenetic, physiological, and chemotaxonomic properties were evaluated. All data obtained support the description of the novel species Paraburkholderia guartelaensis sp. nov., with CNPSo 3008T (= U13000T = G29.01T) indicated as the type strain.
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Abstract
Biological nitrogen fixation, the conversion of dinitrogen (N2) into ammonia (NH3), stands as a particularly challenging chemical process. As the entry point into a bioavailable form of nitrogen, biological nitrogen fixation is a critical step in the global nitrogen cycle. In Nature, only one enzyme, nitrogenase, is competent in performing this reaction. Study of this complex metalloenzyme has revealed a potent substrate reduction system that utilizes some of the most sophisticated metalloclusters known. This chapter discusses the structure and function of nitrogenase, covers methods that have proven useful in the elucidation of enzyme properties, and provides an overview of the three known nitrogenase variants.
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