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Wu D, Zhang Y, Gu W, Feng Z, Xiu L, Zhang W, Chen W. Long term co-application of biochar and fertilizer could increase soybean yield under continuous cropping: insights from photosynthetic physiology. J Sci Food Agric 2024; 104:3113-3122. [PMID: 38072657 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.13202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Photosynthesis is the key to crop yield. The effect of biochar on photosynthetic physiology and soybean yield under continuous cropping is unclear. We conducted a long-term field experiment to investigate the effects of co-application of biochar and fertilizer (BCAF) on these parameters. Five treatments were established: F2 (fertilizer), B1F1 (3 t hm-2 biochar plus fertilizer), B1F2 (3 t hm-2 biochar plus reduced fertilizer), B2F1 (6 t hm-2 biochar plus fertilizer), and B2F2 (6 t hm-2 biochar plus reduced fertilizer). RESULTS BCAF increased chlorophyll and leaf area, enhancing soybean photosynthesis. The net photosynthetic rate (Pn ), transpiration rate (Tr ), stomatal conductance (Gs ), water use efficiency (WUE) and intercellular carbon dioxide (CO2 ) concentration (Ci ) were enhanced by BCAF. In addition, BCAF improved soybean photosystem II (PSII) photosynthetic performance, driving force, potential photochemical efficiency (Fv /F0 ), and quantum yield of electron transfer (φE0 ). Furthermore, BCAF enhanced the accumulation of photosynthetic products, such as soluble proteins, soluble sugars and sucrose content, resulting in higher leaf dry weight. Consequently, BCAF increased the soybean yield, with the highest increase of 41.54% in B2F1. The correlation analysis revealed positive relationships between soybean yield and chlorophyll, leaf area, maximal quantum yield of PSII (Fv /Fm ), electron transport flux per cross-section at t = 0 (ET0 /CS0 ), trapped energy flux per cross-section at t = 0 (TR0 /CS0 ), composite blade driving force (DFTotal ), and leaf dry weight. CONCLUSIONS We demonstrated that long-term BCAF enhances soybean photosynthesis under continuous planting, reduces fertilizer use and increases yield. This study reveals a novel way and theory to sustainably increase soybean productivity. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Wu
- Biochar Engineering & Technology Research Center of Liaoning Province, Agronomy College, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yuxue Zhang
- Biochar Engineering & Technology Research Center of Liaoning Province, Agronomy College, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Wenqi Gu
- Biochar Engineering & Technology Research Center of Liaoning Province, Agronomy College, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Zhibo Feng
- Biochar Engineering & Technology Research Center of Liaoning Province, Agronomy College, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Liqun Xiu
- Biochar Engineering & Technology Research Center of Liaoning Province, Agronomy College, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Weiming Zhang
- Biochar Engineering & Technology Research Center of Liaoning Province, Agronomy College, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Wenfu Chen
- Biochar Engineering & Technology Research Center of Liaoning Province, Agronomy College, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
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Xiu L, Gu W, Sun Y, Wu D, Wang Y, Zhang H, Zhang W, Chen W. The fate and supply capacity of potassium in biochar used in agriculture. Sci Total Environ 2023; 902:165969. [PMID: 37541494 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.165969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/30/2023] [Indexed: 08/06/2023]
Abstract
We used chemical extraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDX) to study the potassium (K) in biochar prepared from corn straw at different temperatures (300 °C, 500 °C, 700 °C and 900 °C). The characteristics of biochar were analyzed through Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and specific surface area analysis. We found that the potassium in biochar can be divided into water soluble potassium, exchangeable potassium, non-exchangeable potassium, and insoluble potassium according to the availability of agricultural potassium. The fate of potassium in straw changed as follows: with increasing pyrolysis temperature, the proportion of the sum of exchangeable and non-exchangeable potassium decreased, and the proportions of insoluble and lost potassium increased. The total, water soluble and exchangeable potassium contents in biochar were highest at 700 °C. The non-exchangeable and insoluble potassium contents were highest at 300 °C and 900 °C, respectively. Kinetics experiments were conducted to determine the different fates of potassium released from biochar at different temperatures; pot experiments were also undertaken. The release of different forms of potassium in biochar at different temperatures is mainly dominated by heterogeneous diffusion. Biochar increased not only the content of different forms of potassium in soil but also the potassium content of soybean stems and leaves. We calculated the potassium supply capacity of biochar by two strategies, measurements of the potassium content in biochar and the conversion rate of potassium in straw during pyrolysis. The most active and efficient potassium supply capacities were 33.60 g·kg-1 and 9.53 g·kg-1 at 700 °C and 300 °C, respectively. Biochar provides readily available (water soluble and exchangeable) potassium and a long-term (non-exchangeable) potassium supply to soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liqun Xiu
- Key Laboratory of Biochar and Soil Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shenyang 110866, China; National Biochar Institute, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China; Agronomy College, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Wenqi Gu
- Key Laboratory of Biochar and Soil Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shenyang 110866, China; National Biochar Institute, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China; Agronomy College, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Yuanyuan Sun
- Key Laboratory of Biochar and Soil Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shenyang 110866, China; National Biochar Institute, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China; Agronomy College, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Di Wu
- Key Laboratory of Biochar and Soil Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shenyang 110866, China; National Biochar Institute, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China; Agronomy College, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Yuning Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biochar and Soil Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shenyang 110866, China; National Biochar Institute, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China; Agronomy College, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Honggui Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biochar and Soil Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shenyang 110866, China; National Biochar Institute, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China; Agronomy College, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Weiming Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biochar and Soil Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shenyang 110866, China; National Biochar Institute, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China; Agronomy College, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China.
| | - Wenfu Chen
- Key Laboratory of Biochar and Soil Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shenyang 110866, China; National Biochar Institute, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China; Agronomy College, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China.
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Xiu L, Li N, Wang WP, Chen F, Yuan GW, Sun YC, Zhang R, Li XG, Zuo J, Li N, Cui W, Wu LY. [Identification of serum peptide biomarker for ovarian cancer diagnosis by Clin-TOF-II-MS combined with magnetic beads technology]. Zhonghua Zhong Liu Za Zhi 2021; 43:1188-1195. [PMID: 34794222 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112152-20210315-00229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To explore the serum cyclic polypeptide biomarkers for ovarian cancer diagnosis. Methods: A total of 54 patients with epithelial ovarian cancer confirmed by pathology in Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences from March 2018 to September 2018 were selected as the study subjects, and 40 healthy women with normal examination results in the cancer screening center were selected as the control. All of the samples were randomly divided into training set and validation set at the ratio of 1∶1 with a random number. Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) combined with magnetic bead technology was used for detecting peptide profiling in serum samples to screen significantly differently expressed peptides between ovarian cancer group and control group of the training set (score>5). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was used to screen differential peptide peaks with area under curve (AUC) ≥0.8, sensitivity and specificity>90% in the training set and validation set. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) was further used to determine the composition of differentially expressed peptides. Results: By comparing the peptide profiles of the two groups, 102 differential peptide peaks were initially detected in the mass-to-charge ratio range of 1 000 to 10 000. ROC curve analysis showed that there were 42 differential peptide peaks with AUC ≥0.8 in both training set and validation set, 19 of which were highly expressed in ovarian cancer group, and 23 were lowly expressed. There were 15 different peptide peaks in highly expressed ovarian cancer group with sensitivity and specificity over 90%. The mass-to-charge ratios were 7 744.27, 5 913.41, 5 329.87, 4 634.21, 4 202.02, 3 879.26, 3 273.35, 3 253.79, 3 234.34, 2 950.33, 2 664.51, 2 018.38, 1 893.37, 1 498.69 and 1 287.55. There were 15 different peptide peaks in lowly expressed ovarian cancer group with sensitivity and specificity over 90%, the mass-to-charge ratios were 9 288.46, 7 759.77, 5 925.24, 4 652.77, 4 210.42, 3 887.02, 3 279.90, 3 240.82, 2 962.15, 2 932.70, 2 022.42, 1 897.16, 1 501.69, 1 337.38 and 1 290.13. No protein composition was identified in 15 different peptide peaks in lowly expressed ovarian cancer group. The two protein compositions identified in 15 different peptide peaks in highly expressed ovarian cancer group were recombinant serglycin (SRGN) and fibinogen alpha chain (FGA), the mass-to-charge ratios of which were 1 498.696 and 5 913.417, respectively. The sensitivity and specificity of the two proteins for ovarian cancer diagnosis were 100%, 100% and 90.9%, 100%, respectively. Conclusion: SRGN and FGA are highly expressed in the serum of ovarian cancer patients, which may be potential diagnostic markers for ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Xiu
- Department of Gynecology Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - N Li
- Department of Gynecology Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - W P Wang
- Department of Gynecology Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - F Chen
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - G W Yuan
- Department of Gynecology Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Y C Sun
- Department of Gynecology Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - R Zhang
- Department of Gynecology Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - X G Li
- Department of Gynecology Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - J Zuo
- Department of Gynecology Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - N Li
- Department of Gynecology Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - W Cui
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - L Y Wu
- Department of Gynecology Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
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Xiu L, Zhang W, Wu D, Sun Y, Zhang H, Gu W, Wang Y, Meng J, Chen W. Biochar can improve biological nitrogen fixation by altering the root growth strategy of soybean in Albic soil. Sci Total Environ 2021; 773:144564. [PMID: 33940700 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.144564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Revised: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/13/2020] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Albic soil is a low-yielding soil that is widely distributed in Northeast China. The high viscosity and acidity and the lack of nutrients in the Albic layer limit the growth of crop. In our previous studies, we found that applying biochar as a soil amendment could improve the properties of Albic soil and promote soybean growth. Increases in the nitrogen contents of the soil and the soybeans were key aspects of these improvements. Soybean is a nitrogen-fixing crop, the increase in nitrogen in the Albic soil may have been due to an improvement in biological nitrogen fixation by the soybean with biochar amendment, but the function mechanism was still uncertain. We hypothesized that biochar could improve biological nitrogen fixation of soybean by affecting soybean root growth in the Albic soil. Therefore, we conducted pot experiments with five treatment levels (0, 10, 20, 30, and 40 g·kg-1 biochar) for two years to study how biochar affects the root growth strategy and biological nitrogen fixation of soybean based on its root structure and root nutrient acquisition ability at different stages. The soybean root structure and activity indexes, nodulation ability and nitrogen uptake were measured at different growth stages; in the second year, at the late seed-filling stage, the stable 15N isotope method was used to elucidate the biological nitrogen fixation process. Regarding root structure at the pod-setting stage, biochar resulted in increases in root length density, specific root length, root diameter and specific tip density but a decrease in root tissue mass density at the pod-setting stage. Biochar improved root nutrient acquisition by increasing root activity, root tip number and root-bleeding sap amount. The change in root growth strategy contributed to the promotion of biological nitrogen fixation by the rhizobia that live symbiotically with soybean, thereby increasing crop yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liqun Xiu
- Biochar Engineering & Technology Research Center of Liaoning Province, Rice Research Institute, Agronomy College, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, Liaoning, China
| | - Weiming Zhang
- Biochar Engineering & Technology Research Center of Liaoning Province, Rice Research Institute, Agronomy College, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, Liaoning, China.
| | - Di Wu
- Biochar Engineering & Technology Research Center of Liaoning Province, Rice Research Institute, Agronomy College, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, Liaoning, China
| | - Yuanyuan Sun
- Biochar Engineering & Technology Research Center of Liaoning Province, Rice Research Institute, Agronomy College, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, Liaoning, China
| | - Honggui Zhang
- Biochar Engineering & Technology Research Center of Liaoning Province, Rice Research Institute, Agronomy College, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, Liaoning, China
| | - Wenqi Gu
- Biochar Engineering & Technology Research Center of Liaoning Province, Rice Research Institute, Agronomy College, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, Liaoning, China
| | - Yuning Wang
- Biochar Engineering & Technology Research Center of Liaoning Province, Rice Research Institute, Agronomy College, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, Liaoning, China
| | - Jun Meng
- Biochar Engineering & Technology Research Center of Liaoning Province, Rice Research Institute, Agronomy College, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, Liaoning, China
| | - Wenfu Chen
- Biochar Engineering & Technology Research Center of Liaoning Province, Rice Research Institute, Agronomy College, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, Liaoning, China.
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Xiu L, Hagströmer M, Bergqvist-Norén L, Marcus C, Ekstedt M. Unfavourable sleep characteristics and adiposity in children: does parental weight status make a difference? Sleep Med 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2019.11.1179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Xu R, Xiu L, Zhang Y, Du R, Wang X. Probiotic and hepatoprotective activity of lactobacillus isolated from Mongolian camel milk products. Benef Microbes 2019; 10:699-710. [DOI: 10.3920/bm2018.0131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The improving-intestinal-microbial-balance properties of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are well known. Thus, LAB could play a vital role in the pathogenesis of liver diseases. In the present study, 107 LAB strains were isolated from Mongolian camel milk products and identified to species, then screened for their probiotic properties. As a result, we identified 71 Lactobacillus bacteria belonging to 9 different species, and 36 Lactococcus bacteria belonging to 8 different species. Among them, six strains of LAB with strong tolerance and adhesion ability were further studied for their protective effect on acute liver injury induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS)/D-galactosamine (D-GalN). These six strains of LAB were fed to mice for 7 weeks, and on the final day of the experiment, LPS/D-GalN were used to induce acute liver injury. After challenging, the degree of liver pathological changes, secretion of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) in serum and liver, and the expression of tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α and interleukin (IL)-6 in the liver and intestines were observed and quantified. The results showed that the degree of liver pathological changes in mice fed with the six LAB strains were relieved to varying degrees compared with the LPS/D-GalN-induced model group, and the expressions of AST, ALT, IL-6, and TNF-α factor were also significantly decreased. Moreover, the expression levels of these factors in mice pretreated with Lactobacillus paracasei subsp. paracasei WXD5 were significantly decreased compared with other experimental groups. This suggests the probiotic potential and pharmacological value of L. paracasei subsp. paracasei as a liver injury inhibitor in the intervention of inflammation-based liver disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- R.H. Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation & Breeding of Grassland Livestock, School of life Science, Inner Mongolia University, 010070 Hohhot, China P.R
| | - L. Xiu
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation & Breeding of Grassland Livestock, School of life Science, Inner Mongolia University, 010070 Hohhot, China P.R
| | - Y.L. Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation & Breeding of Grassland Livestock, School of life Science, Inner Mongolia University, 010070 Hohhot, China P.R
| | - R.P. Du
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Academy of Inner Mongolia, 010031 Hohhot, China P.R
| | - X. Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation & Breeding of Grassland Livestock, School of life Science, Inner Mongolia University, 010070 Hohhot, China P.R
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Xiu L, Fu Y, Deng Y, Shi X, Bian Z, Ruhan A, Wang X. Deep sequencing-based analysis of gene expression in bovine mammary epithelial cells after Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Klebsiella pneumoniae infection. Genet Mol Res 2015; 14:16948-65. [DOI: 10.4238/2015.december.15.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Ren P, Zhang JG, Xiu L, Yu ZT. Clinical significance of phospholipase A2 group IIA (PLA2G2A) expression in primary resected esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2013; 17:752-757. [PMID: 23609358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
AIM The aim of this study was to clarify the clinico-pathological outcome and prognostic significance of phospholipase A2 group IIA (PLA2G2A) in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). PATIENTS AND METHODS Immunohistochemical staining for PLA2G2A was performed on surgical specimens obtained from 132 patients with ESCC, and 43 from matched adjacent non-malignant sites. Differences in PLA2G2A expression and clinical characteristics were compared by χ2 test. Correlations between prognostic outcomes and with PLA2G2A expression were investigated using Kaplan-Meier analysis and the Cox proportional hazards model. RESULTS Immunoreactivity of PLA2G2A was observed in 32% (42 of 132) of ESCC tissues compared with negative staining in matched adjacent non-malignant sites. In addition, PLA2G2A expression inversely correlated with pathological classification (p < 0.05 for T, N, and M classifications) and clinical staging (p = 0.03). Furthermore, patients with positive PLA2G2A had prolonged overall survival (p < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS Reduced PLA2G2A expression may be a risk factor for advanced clinicopathological classification and poor patient survival. These findings suggest that PLA2G2A may serve as a useful marker for the prognostic evaluation of ESCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Ren
- Department of Esophageal Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital and Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, TianJin, China.
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Du Q, Zhang L, Cui H, Wang K, Xiu L, Sheng L. Isolation of glucosinolates from broccoli seeds by use of high-speed countercurrent chromatography. ACTA CHROMATOGR 2008. [DOI: 10.1556/achrom.20.2008.3.14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Harousseau JL, Nagler A, Sonneveld P, Bladé J, Hajek R, Spencer A, Robak T, Xiu L, Zhuang SH, Orlowski RZ. Effect of the combination of pegylated liposomal doxorubicin and bortezomib on time to progression (TTP) and overall survival of patients with relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma compared with bortezomib alone. J Clin Oncol 2007. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2007.25.18_suppl.8002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
8002 Background: Proteasome inhibition with bortezomib is a standard of care for patients with relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma (MM). Recently, we reported the results of an interim analysis for the DOXIL-MMY-3001 study, a large multi-national, phase III, randomized study of patients with previously treated MM demonstrating that the combination of pegylated liposomal doxorubicin (PLD) and bortezomib resulted in a 45% risk reduction of experiencing disease progression over bortezomib alone (Orlowski et al, 2006 ASH Meeting, Abstract #404). The improvement in TTP was associated with an overall survival (OS) trend favoring the combination therapy (P=0.113; hazard ratio[HR], 1.48, 95% Confidence Interval [CI], 0.91 to 2.41). We now present an updated survival analysis with a median follow up of 11 months. Methods: 646 patients at 123 centers in 18 countries received either intravenous bortezomib, 1.3 mg/m2, on days 1, 4, 8, and 11 of every 21-day cycle, or the same bortezomib regimen with PLD, 30 mg/m2, on day 4. Results: As previously reported, median TTP was improved from 6.5 months for bortezomib alone to 9.3 months for the PLD+bortezomib combination (P=0.000004; HR, 1.82; 95% CI, 1.41 to 2.35). The complete+partial response rate was 43% for bortezomib and 48% for PLD+bortezomib (P=0.251). Median duration of response was increased from 7.0 months (95% CI, 5.9 to 8.3) to 10.2 months (95% CI, 10.2 to 12.9) with combination therapy (p=0.0008). Updated OS analysis showed PLD+bortezomib significantly improved OS (p<0.05; HR, 1.41, 95% CI, 1.002 to1.97). Both groups received a median of 5 cycles of treatment. The safety profile of the combination was consistent with the known toxicities of the two agents. Grade 3/4 adverse events were more frequent in the combination group primarily due to increase in myelosuppression and GI toxicities. Conclusions: PLD with bortezomib is superior to bortezomib monotherapy for the treatment of patients with relapsed/refractory MM. [Table: see text]
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Affiliation(s)
- J. L. Harousseau
- Hoteldieu Hospital, Nantes, France; Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel; Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands; Hospital Clinic I Provincial, Barcelona, Spain; Interní Hematoonkologická klinika Fakultní Brno, Brno, Czech Republic; Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Australia; Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland; Johnson & Johnson PRD, Raritan, NJ; University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - A. Nagler
- Hoteldieu Hospital, Nantes, France; Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel; Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands; Hospital Clinic I Provincial, Barcelona, Spain; Interní Hematoonkologická klinika Fakultní Brno, Brno, Czech Republic; Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Australia; Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland; Johnson & Johnson PRD, Raritan, NJ; University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - P. Sonneveld
- Hoteldieu Hospital, Nantes, France; Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel; Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands; Hospital Clinic I Provincial, Barcelona, Spain; Interní Hematoonkologická klinika Fakultní Brno, Brno, Czech Republic; Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Australia; Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland; Johnson & Johnson PRD, Raritan, NJ; University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - J. Bladé
- Hoteldieu Hospital, Nantes, France; Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel; Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands; Hospital Clinic I Provincial, Barcelona, Spain; Interní Hematoonkologická klinika Fakultní Brno, Brno, Czech Republic; Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Australia; Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland; Johnson & Johnson PRD, Raritan, NJ; University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - R. Hajek
- Hoteldieu Hospital, Nantes, France; Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel; Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands; Hospital Clinic I Provincial, Barcelona, Spain; Interní Hematoonkologická klinika Fakultní Brno, Brno, Czech Republic; Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Australia; Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland; Johnson & Johnson PRD, Raritan, NJ; University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - A. Spencer
- Hoteldieu Hospital, Nantes, France; Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel; Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands; Hospital Clinic I Provincial, Barcelona, Spain; Interní Hematoonkologická klinika Fakultní Brno, Brno, Czech Republic; Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Australia; Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland; Johnson & Johnson PRD, Raritan, NJ; University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - T. Robak
- Hoteldieu Hospital, Nantes, France; Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel; Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands; Hospital Clinic I Provincial, Barcelona, Spain; Interní Hematoonkologická klinika Fakultní Brno, Brno, Czech Republic; Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Australia; Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland; Johnson & Johnson PRD, Raritan, NJ; University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - L. Xiu
- Hoteldieu Hospital, Nantes, France; Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel; Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands; Hospital Clinic I Provincial, Barcelona, Spain; Interní Hematoonkologická klinika Fakultní Brno, Brno, Czech Republic; Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Australia; Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland; Johnson & Johnson PRD, Raritan, NJ; University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - S. H. Zhuang
- Hoteldieu Hospital, Nantes, France; Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel; Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands; Hospital Clinic I Provincial, Barcelona, Spain; Interní Hematoonkologická klinika Fakultní Brno, Brno, Czech Republic; Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Australia; Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland; Johnson & Johnson PRD, Raritan, NJ; University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - R. Z. Orlowski
- Hoteldieu Hospital, Nantes, France; Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel; Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands; Hospital Clinic I Provincial, Barcelona, Spain; Interní Hematoonkologická klinika Fakultní Brno, Brno, Czech Republic; Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Australia; Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland; Johnson & Johnson PRD, Raritan, NJ; University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
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13
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Abstract
Di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP) is a commonly used plasticizer that is harmful to human health. magnetic resonance spectroscopy from the edible fruit flesh of Benincasa hispida (wax gourd) of the plant family Curcurbitaceae. The DEHP content of seven wax gourd samples collected from southern and northern provinces in China was determined as (mean +/- SD): 18.3 +/- 0.43, 2.64 +/- 0.44, 44.0 +/- 0.34, 62.5 +/- 0.48, 52.0 +/- 0.42, 58.3 +/- 0.55 and 75.5 +/- 0.63 mg kg-1 fresh weight, respectively, indicating that most wax gourds were severely contaminated with DEHP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Q Du
- Institute of Food and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310035, China.
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14
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Zhang D, Zhou Z, Li L, Weng J, Huang G, Jing P, Zhang C, Peng J, Xiu L. Islet autoimmunity and genetic mutations in Chinese subjects initially thought to have Type 1B diabetes. Diabet Med 2006; 23:67-71. [PMID: 16409568 DOI: 10.1111/j.1464-5491.2005.01722.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To explore the contribution of islet autoimmunity and genetic mutations in Chinese patients initially thought to have Type 1B diabetes. METHODS A group of 33 Chinese patients with newly diagnosed Type 1B diabetes, were identified by the absence of autoantibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD), IA-2, insulin, thyroid globulin or thyroid peroxidase, or high-risk HLA-DQ haplotypes. The cohort was further characterized by measurement of autoantibodies to carboxypeptidase H (CPH) and SOX13 using radioligand assays, and testing for genetic mutations associated with MODY3/MODY6 and mitochondrial diabetes. Mutations of HNF-1alpha (MODY3) and neuroD1/beta2 (MODY6) genes were screened using the single-strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP) technique and sequencing. Mitochondrial DNA mutations were analysed with polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). RESULTS Within the cohort, we found one patient with a novel mutation, R321H (CGC-->CAC) in exon 5 of the HNF-1alpha gene, one with ND1 mt3316 G-->A mutation in mitochondrial DNA, five with Ala45Thr polymorphisms in the neuroD1/beta2 gene, and two patients with autoantibodies to SOX13. CONCLUSIONS Some of the Chinese patients originally thought to have Type 1B diabetes do have other evidence of islet autoimmunity and genetic mutations involved in the underlying aetiology. This suggests that more rigorous screening for these conditions is needed before classifying subjects as having Type 1B diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Zhang
- Diabetes Center, Institute of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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15
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Affiliation(s)
- M.-A. Dicato
- Ctr Hospitalier, Luxembourg, Luxembourg; J&J Pharm Research & Development, Buckinghamshire, United Kingdom; J&J Pharm Research & Development, Raritan, NJ
| | - E. Vercammen
- Ctr Hospitalier, Luxembourg, Luxembourg; J&J Pharm Research & Development, Buckinghamshire, United Kingdom; J&J Pharm Research & Development, Raritan, NJ
| | - K. Liu
- Ctr Hospitalier, Luxembourg, Luxembourg; J&J Pharm Research & Development, Buckinghamshire, United Kingdom; J&J Pharm Research & Development, Raritan, NJ
| | - L. Xiu
- Ctr Hospitalier, Luxembourg, Luxembourg; J&J Pharm Research & Development, Buckinghamshire, United Kingdom; J&J Pharm Research & Development, Raritan, NJ
| | - P. Bowers
- Ctr Hospitalier, Luxembourg, Luxembourg; J&J Pharm Research & Development, Buckinghamshire, United Kingdom; J&J Pharm Research & Development, Raritan, NJ
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16
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Affiliation(s)
- E. Vercammen
- J&J Pharm Research & Development, Buckinghamshire, United Kingdom; Wilhelminenspital, Vienna, Austria; J&J Pharm Research & Development, Raritan, NJ
| | - H. Ludwig
- J&J Pharm Research & Development, Buckinghamshire, United Kingdom; Wilhelminenspital, Vienna, Austria; J&J Pharm Research & Development, Raritan, NJ
| | - K. Liu
- J&J Pharm Research & Development, Buckinghamshire, United Kingdom; Wilhelminenspital, Vienna, Austria; J&J Pharm Research & Development, Raritan, NJ
| | - L. Xiu
- J&J Pharm Research & Development, Buckinghamshire, United Kingdom; Wilhelminenspital, Vienna, Austria; J&J Pharm Research & Development, Raritan, NJ
| | - P. Bowers
- J&J Pharm Research & Development, Buckinghamshire, United Kingdom; Wilhelminenspital, Vienna, Austria; J&J Pharm Research & Development, Raritan, NJ
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17
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Couture F, Turner AR, Melosky B, Xiu L, Plante RK, Lau CY, Quirt I. Prior red blood cell transfusions in cancer patients increase the risk of subsequent transfusions with or without recombinant human erythropoietin management. Oncologist 2005; 10:63-71. [PMID: 15632253 DOI: 10.1634/theoncologist.10-1-63] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer patients often receive transfusions when their hemoglobin concentration falls to dangerously low levels due to chemotherapy or due to the disease itself. The availability of recombinant human erythropoietin (rHuEPO) has significantly reduced transfusion frequencies in cancer patients. However, the predictability of transfusions prior to the use of rHuEPO for future transfusions has not been evaluated. Data from five randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trials in cancer patients receiving chemotherapy and epoetin alfa were utilized to calculate the relative risk of subsequent transfusions in patients who were pretransfused. A meta-analysis with patient-level data was used to assess predictors of transfusion. Baseline data from an open-label study were used to compare quality-of-life (QOL) parameters between previously transfused and transfusion-naive patients. The mean relative risks (RR) of exposure to additional transfusion for pretransfused patients on placebo or epoetin alfa were 2.14 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.73, 2.65) and 2.51 (95% CI: 1.92, 3.27), respectively, compared with nontransfused patients. Data from the meta-analysis of patients on epoetin alfa showed that pretransfusion was the most significant predictor for subsequent transfusions (parameter estimate = -1.2628, p < 0.0001 from Logistic Regression Analysis). While epoetin alfa was similarly effective in reducing transfusion risks for patients with or without pretransfusions (compared with placebo), those who were pretransfused were more than twice as likely to be subsequently transfused, compared with those not pretransfused. QOL was significantly worse for pretransfused patients than for nontransfused patients, as measured by the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy -Anemia and the Linear Analogue Scale Assessment QOL instruments. The results suggest that transfusions prior to epoetin alfa therapy increase the risk of future transfusions, and early treatment with epoetin alfa might reduce the risk of subsequent transfusions.
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18
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Xiu L, Zhang Q, Yu B. [Clinical characterizations of familial diabetes mellitus associated with mitochondrial gene mutation]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi 1997; 77:418-21. [PMID: 9772504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To discuss clinical features at diabetic subtype which is apparently caused by a single mutation in the mitochondrial tRNA(Leu(UUR)) gene. METHODS According to WHO criteria of diabetes mellitus (DM), 130 patients with DM and the family history of DM (either NIDDM or IDDM) were screened by using genetic diagnosis. Clinical and laboratory analyses were made in three unrelated patients with the mutation in mtDNA and their relatives. RESULTS Four unrelated subjects (3.1%) were detected with mutation at position 3243 of mitochondrial DNA. The nine diabetes patients from first degree relatives of three probands were also identified with the mutation, in which eight patients were associated with sensory hearing loss and required insulin therapy due to secondary failure to oral hypoglycemic agents. All these nine patients had a lower frequency of obesity in the past, and most of them had a mother with diabetes, were younger at diagnosis, and were generally accompanied by in paired insulin secretion. CONCLUSION Since the patients have the clinical characteristics of maternal transmission, hearing loss and impaired insulin secretion, we conclude that maternally inherited diabetes and deafness (MIDD) is a new diabetes subtype associated with a single mitochondrial mutation.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Xiu
- Department of Endocrinology & Genetics, Sun Yatsen University of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou
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19
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Han Y, Xiu L, Wang Z, Chen Q, Tan S. Artificial neural networks controlled fast valving in a power generation plant. IEEE Trans Neural Netw 1997; 8:373-89. [PMID: 18255640 DOI: 10.1109/72.557689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
This paper presents an artificial neural-network-based controller to realize the fast valving in a power generation plant. The backpropagation algorithm is used to train the feedforward neural networks controller. The hardware implementation and the test results of the controller on a physical pilot-scale power plant setup are described in detail. Compared with the conventional fast valving methods applied to the same system, test results both with the computer simulation and on a physical pilot-scale power plant setup demonstrate that the artificial neural network controller has satisfactory generalization capability, reliability, and accuracy to be feasible for this critical control operation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Han
- Dept. of Electr. Eng., Tsinghua Univ., Beijing
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20
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Abstract
Age-specific mortality rates were studied at two adult density levels in four inbred lines of Drosophila melanogaster. In experimental populations, adult densities were maintained at constant levels throughout the experiment by replacing dead flies with live, marked mutants. In control populations, densities declined naturally as the cohorts aged. For all experimental populations the best mortality model is the two-stage Gompertz model, with slower mortality acceleration at older ages. Flies in the experimental populations generally lived longer than flies in control populations, regardless of sex, genotype, or initial density level. The data demonstrate that deceleration of age-specific mortality rates at older ages is not caused by declining cohort densities. Mortality deceleration is a real phenomenon that raises serious questions about the evolution of senescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- A A Khazaeli
- Department of Egology, Evolution and Behavior, University of Minnesota, St. Paul 55108, USA
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21
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Abstract
Mortality rates decelerate at older ages in experimental populations of Drosophila. It is unclear whether this reflects a real slow-down in the aging process, or an artifact of declining density. Mortality was studied in age-synchronized cohorts of four inbred lines at three initial densities that varied 10-fold. A total of 70,000 flies of both sexes were studied. There were large line x density, line, and sex effects, but no systematic relationship between density and life span was detected. Mortality curves level off at older ages in 23 out of 24 sex-genotype combinations, irrespective of initial cohort density. Density has only second-order effects on the pattern of oldest-old mortality over the range of densities studied here. The dramatic departure from Gompertz-type mortality dynamics at older ages is not an artifact of declining density in Drosophila.
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Affiliation(s)
- A A Khazaeli
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Behavior, University of Minnesota, USA
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22
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Abstract
Age-specific mortality rates level off at older ages in genetically homogeneous experimental populations of Drosophila. Here we describe an experiment that is informative about the causes of mortality rate changes. By applying a brief, nondebilitating stress that increases mortality early in life and then observing subsequent mortality trajectories, it is possible to determine whether populations are heterogeneous for factors influencing mortality. We show that 24-h exposure to a desiccating air flow causes a spike and then a decrease in mortality rates in experimental populations compared to controls. If there is no stress-induced enhancement of vitality, then the results demonstrate the existence of heterogeneity for mortality rates in genetically homogeneous populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- A A Khazaeli
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Behavior, University of Minnesota, St. Paul 55108, USA
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23
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24
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Abstract
We have studied age-dependent mortality in large cohorts of male and female D. melanogaster from four inbred lines. Average longevity varies substantially between genotypes (broad-sense heritability = 22%). Contrary to the predictions of the Gompertz model, mortality rates tend to decelerate at the most advanced ages. Fitting Gompertz, Weibull, Logistic, and Two-stage Gompertz mortality models to the data, we find that the best fit is obtained with the two-stage model, with exponentially increasing mortality at early ages, and zero or nearly zero increase at older ages. There is little microenvironmental effect from cage to cage. There is a sex-dependent mortality crossover: males and females differ in initial mortality rate and degree of acceleration of mortality rate, but the ordering of the sexes according to mortality parameters depends on genotype. Model fitting can be affected by gaps between deaths in the tail of the survivorship distribution. The observations are inconsistent with the limited life-span paradigm, which predicts sudden and well-defined drops in survivorship and corresponding sharp increases in mortality at advanced ages for large cohorts of genetically identical individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- H H Fukui
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Behavior, University of Minnesota, St. Paul 55108
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25
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Nakayama K, Furumiya A, Okamoto T, Yagi K, Kaito A, Choe CR, Wu L, Zhang G, Xiu L, Liu D, Masuda T, Nakajima A. Structure and mechanical properties of ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene deformed near melting temperature (Technical report). PURE APPL CHEM 1991. [DOI: 10.1351/pac199163121793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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26
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Su TZ, Qi S, Yun WH, Xiu L. [Regulation in the expression of alpha-galactosidase gene in raf operon in Escherichia coli]. Wei Sheng Wu Xue Bao 1989; 29:180-6. [PMID: 2551100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The alpha-galactosidase, coded for by the first structural gene rafA in the plasmid determined raf operon was an inducible enzyme. In contrast to lac or mel operon, raf operon has more strict structural specificity for inducers. The enzyme can be induced by melibiose and raffinose, or weakly by D-galactose, but not by structurally related sugars such as lactose, PNPG etc.. The alpha-galactosidase forming capacity as function of growth curve reached a single peak at the end of the logarithmic phase of the growth. The structure and regulation of raf operon is similar to those of lac operon. The repressormor-mediated negative control plays a major role in the regulation of raf operon, and cAMP-CAP mediated positive control is also involved in the regulation. When 0.4% glucose was added into the medium with other carbon sources, the expression of the enzyme was repressed by 2-3 fold. Transient catabolite repression has been observed neither in inducible nor constitutive alpha-galactosidase expression. Based on alpha-galactosidase assay, in mutant strains CA8306(cya) and CA8445 (cya, crp) the expression level of raf operon was only 9% and 2.5% of that in wild type strain respectively. The glucose effect or the repression in cya mutant can be abolished by 1-5 mmol cAMP. The constitutive alpha-galactosidase expression in cya and cry double mutant (CA8445) remains repressible by glucose, but irreversible by cAMP, suggesting cAMP-CAP complex is not the exclusive mediator of the catablite repression.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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