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Liu X, Liu W, Su Z, Lu J, Zhang P, Cai M, Li W, Liu F, Andersen MN, Manevski K. Biochar addition and reduced irrigation modulates leaf morpho-physiology and biological nitrogen fixation in faba bean-ryegrass intercropping. Sci Total Environ 2024; 925:171731. [PMID: 38492602 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.171731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 02/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024]
Abstract
Intercropping legume with grass has potential to increase biomass and protein yield via biological N2-fixation (BNF) benefits, whereas the joint effects of biochar (BC) coupled with deficit irrigation on intercropping systems remain elusive. A 15N isotope-labelled experiment was implemented to investigate morpho-physiological responses of faba bean-ryegrass intercrops on low- (550 °C, LTBC) or high-temperature BC (800 °C, HTBC) amended sandy-loam soil under full (FI), deficit (DI) and partial root-zone drying irrigation (PRD). LTBC and HTBC significantly reduced intrinsic water-use efficiency (WUE) by 12 and 14 %, and instantaneous WUE by 8 and 16 %, respectively, in faba bean leaves, despite improved photosynthetic (An) and transpiration rate (Tr), and stomatal conductance (gs). Compared to FI, DI and PRD lowered faba bean An, gs and Tr, but enhanced leaf-scale and time-integrated WUE as proxied by the diminished shoots Δ13C. PRD enhanced WUE as lower gs, Tr and guard cell length than DI-plants. Despite higher carbon ([C]) and N concentration ([N]) in faba bean shoots amended by BC, the aboveground C- and N-pool of faba bean were reduced, while these pools increased for ryegrass. The N-use efficiency (NUE) in faba bean shoots was reduced by 9 and 14 % for LTBC and HTBC, respectively, but not for ryegrass. Interestingly, ryegrass shoots had 52 % higher NUE than faba bean shoots. The N derived from atmosphere (% Ndfa) was increased by 2 and 9 % under LTBC and HTBC, respectively, while it decreased slightly by reduced irrigation. Quantity of BNF in faba bean aboveground biomass decreased with HTBC coupled with reduced irrigation, mainly towards decreased biomass and soil N uptake by faba bean. Therefore, HTBC might not be a feasible option to improve WUE and BNF in faba bean-ryegrass intercropping, but PRD is permissible as the clear trade-off between BC and PRD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuezhi Liu
- School of Civil and Hydraulic Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China; Engineering Technology Research Center of Water-Saving and Water Resource Regulation in Ningxia, Yinchuan 750021, China; Ningxia Waler-saving Irrigation and Water Resource Control Engineering Technology Research Center, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750021, China.
| | - Weilun Liu
- School of Civil and Hydraulic Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China
| | - Zhenjuan Su
- School of Civil and Hydraulic Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China.
| | - Junsheng Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-ecosystems, College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- School of Civil and Hydraulic Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China
| | - Mengting Cai
- School of Civil and Hydraulic Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China
| | - Wangcheng Li
- School of Civil and Hydraulic Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China; Engineering Technology Research Center of Water-Saving and Water Resource Regulation in Ningxia, Yinchuan 750021, China; Ningxia Waler-saving Irrigation and Water Resource Control Engineering Technology Research Center, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750021, China
| | - Fulai Liu
- Department of Plant and Environmental Science, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Højbakkegaard Alle 13, 2630 Taastrup, Denmark; Sino-Danish Center for Education and Research, Eastern Yanqihu campus, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 380 Huaibeizhuang, 101400 Beijing, China
| | - Mathias Neumann Andersen
- Department of Agroecology, Aarhus University, Blichers Allé 20, 8830 Tjele, Denmark; Sino-Danish Center for Education and Research, Eastern Yanqihu campus, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 380 Huaibeizhuang, 101400 Beijing, China
| | - Kiril Manevski
- Department of Agroecology, Aarhus University, Blichers Allé 20, 8830 Tjele, Denmark; Sino-Danish Center for Education and Research, Eastern Yanqihu campus, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 380 Huaibeizhuang, 101400 Beijing, China.
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Antoniuk V, Zhang X, Andersen MN, Kørup K, Manevski K. Spatiotemporal Winter Wheat Water Status Assessment Improvement Using a Water Deficit Index Derived from an Unmanned Aerial System in the North China Plain. Sensors (Basel) 2023; 23:1903. [PMID: 36850507 PMCID: PMC9964450 DOI: 10.3390/s23041903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Agricultural droughts cause a great reduction in winter wheat productivity; therefore, timely and precise irrigation recommendations are needed to alleviate the impact. This study aims to assess drought stress in winter wheat with the use of an unmanned aerial system (UAS) with multispectral and thermal sensors. High-resolution Water Deficit Index (WDI) maps were derived to assess crop drought stress and evaluate winter wheat actual evapotranspiration rate (ETa). However, the estimation of WDI needs to be improved by using more appropriate vegetation indices as a proximate of the fraction of vegetation cover. The experiments involved six irrigation levels of winter wheat in the harvest years 2019 and 2020 at Luancheng, North China Plain on seasonal and diurnal timescales. Additionally, WDI derived from several vegetation indices (VIs) were compared: near-infrared-, red edge-, and RGB-based. The WDIs derived from different VIs were highly correlated with each other and had similar performances. The WDI had a consistently high correlation to stomatal conductance during the whole season (R2 between 0.63-0.99) and the correlation was the highest in the middle of the growing season. On the contrary, the correlation between WDI and leaf water potential increased as the season progressed with R2 up to 0.99. Additionally, WDI and ETa had a strong connection to soil water status with R2 up to 0.93 to the fraction of transpirable soil water and 0.94 to the soil water change at 2 m depth at the hourly rate. The results indicated that WDI derived from multispectral and thermal sensors was a reliable factor in assessing the water status of the crop for irrigation scheduling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vita Antoniuk
- Department of Agroecology, Aarhus University, Blichers Allé 20, 8830 Tjele, Denmark
- Sino-Danish College (SDC), University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Eastern Yanqihu Campus, 380 Huaibeizhuang, Huairou, Beijing 101400, China
| | - Xiying Zhang
- Center for Agricultural Resources Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shijiazhuang 050021, China
| | - Mathias Neumann Andersen
- Department of Agroecology, Aarhus University, Blichers Allé 20, 8830 Tjele, Denmark
- Sino-Danish College (SDC), University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Eastern Yanqihu Campus, 380 Huaibeizhuang, Huairou, Beijing 101400, China
| | - Kirsten Kørup
- Department of Agroecology, Aarhus University, Blichers Allé 20, 8830 Tjele, Denmark
| | - Kiril Manevski
- Department of Agroecology, Aarhus University, Blichers Allé 20, 8830 Tjele, Denmark
- Sino-Danish College (SDC), University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Eastern Yanqihu Campus, 380 Huaibeizhuang, Huairou, Beijing 101400, China
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Zhang P, Yang X, Manevski K, Li S, Wei Z, Andersen MN, Liu F. Physiological and Growth Responses of Potato ( Solanum Tuberosum L.) to Air Temperature and Relative Humidity under Soil Water Deficits. Plants (Basel) 2022; 11:1126. [PMID: 35567127 PMCID: PMC9105088 DOI: 10.3390/plants11091126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Revised: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Drought stress often occurs concurrently with heat stress, yet the interacting effect of high vapor pressure deficit (VPD) and soil drying on the physiology of potato plants remains poorly understood. This study aimed to investigate the physiological and growth responses of potatoes to progressive soil drying under varied VPDs. Potato plants were grown either in four separate climate-controlled greenhouse cells with different VPD levels (viz., 0.70, 1.06, 1.40, and 2.12 kPa, respectively) or under a rainout shelter in the field. The VPD of each greenhouse cell was caused by two air temperature levels (23 and 30 °C) combined with two relative humidity levels (50 and 70%), and the VPD of the field was natural conditions. Irrigation treatments were commenced three or four weeks after planting in greenhouse cells or fields, respectively. The results indicated that soil water deficits limited leaf gas exchange and shoot dry matter (DMshoot) of plants while increasing the concentration of abscisic acid (ABA) in the leaf and xylem, as well as water use efficiency (WUE) across all VPD levels. High VPD decreased stomatal conductance (gs) but increased transpiration rate (Tr). High VPD increased the threshold of soil water for Tr began to decrease, while the soil water threshold for gs depended on temperature due to the varied ABA response to temperature. High VPD decreased leaf water potential, leaf area, and DMshoot, which exacerbated the inhibition of soil drying to plant growth. Across the well-watered plants in both experiments, negative linear relationships of gs and WUE to VPD and positive linear relations between Tr and VPD were found. The results provide some novel information for developing mechanistic models simulating crop WUE and improving irrigation scheduling in future arid climates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Mollisols Agroecology, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130102, China;
- Department of Plant and Environmental Science, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Højbakkegaard Alle 13, 2630 Taastrup, Denmark; (X.Y.); (S.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Soil and Water Engineering in Arid and Semiarid Areas, Ministry of Education, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China;
- Department of Agroecology, Aarhus University, Blichers Allé 20, 8830 Tjele, Denmark; (K.M.); (M.N.A.)
| | - Xin Yang
- Department of Plant and Environmental Science, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Højbakkegaard Alle 13, 2630 Taastrup, Denmark; (X.Y.); (S.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Soil and Water Engineering in Arid and Semiarid Areas, Ministry of Education, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China;
- Institute of Facility Agriculture, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Kiril Manevski
- Department of Agroecology, Aarhus University, Blichers Allé 20, 8830 Tjele, Denmark; (K.M.); (M.N.A.)
- Sino-Danish Center for Education and Research, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 380 Huaibeizhuang, Beijing 101400, China
| | - Shenglan Li
- Department of Plant and Environmental Science, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Højbakkegaard Alle 13, 2630 Taastrup, Denmark; (X.Y.); (S.L.)
| | - Zhenhua Wei
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Soil and Water Engineering in Arid and Semiarid Areas, Ministry of Education, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China;
| | - Mathias Neumann Andersen
- Department of Agroecology, Aarhus University, Blichers Allé 20, 8830 Tjele, Denmark; (K.M.); (M.N.A.)
- Sino-Danish Center for Education and Research, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 380 Huaibeizhuang, Beijing 101400, China
| | - Fulai Liu
- Department of Plant and Environmental Science, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Højbakkegaard Alle 13, 2630 Taastrup, Denmark; (X.Y.); (S.L.)
- Sino-Danish Center for Education and Research, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 380 Huaibeizhuang, Beijing 101400, China
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Liu X, Ma Y, Manevski K, Andersen MN, Li Y, Wei Z, Liu F. Biochar and alternate wetting-drying cycles improving rhizosphere soil nutrients availability and tobacco growth by altering root growth strategy in Ferralsol and Anthrosol. Sci Total Environ 2022; 806:150513. [PMID: 34571228 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.150513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Revised: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Biochar has been advocated as a sustainable and eco-friendly practice to improve soil fertility and crop productivity which could aid in the mitigation of climate change. Nonetheless, the combined effects of biochar and irrigation on tobacco growth and soil nutrients in diverse soil types have been incompletely explored. We applied a split-root experiment to investigate the impacts of amendment with 2% softwood- (WBC) and wheat-straw biochar (SBC) on growth responses and rhizosphere soil nutrients availability of tobacco plants grown in a Ferralsol and an Anthrosol. All plants within same soil type received same amount of water daily by either conventional deficit irrigation (CDI) or alternate wetting-drying cycles irrigation (AWD). Compared to the un-amended controls, SBC addition enhanced biomass, carbon (C)-, phosphorus (P)- and potassium (K)-pool in the aboveground organs especially in Anthrosol, despite a negative effect on aboveground nitrogen (N)-pool. Regardless of soil type, biochar combined with AWD lowered root diameter while increased root tissue mass density to engage the plant in an acquisitive strategy for resources, therefore altered leaves stoichiometry as exemplified by lowered N/K, C/P and N/P and increased C/N. The addition of SBC induced a liming effect by increasing Anthrosol soil pH which was further amplified by AWD, but was unaffected on Ferralsol. Moreover, compared to the controls, SBC and AWD increased available P and K, and total C, total N and C/N ratio in the rhizosphere soil which coincided with the lowered soil C and N isotope composition (δ13C and δ15N), though a slight reduction in C and N stocks under AWD. However, such effects were not evident with WBC might be associated with its natures. Thus, combined SBC/AWD application might be an effective strategy to synergistically overcome nutrients restriction and improve tobacco productivity by intensifying nutrients cycling and optimizing plant growth strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuezhi Liu
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Soil and Water Engineering in Arid and Semiarid Areas, Ministry of Education, Northwest A&F University, 712100 Yangling, Shaanxi, China; College of Water Resources and Architectural Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Weihui Road 23, 712100 Yangling, Shaanxi, China; Department of Agroecology, Aarhus University, Blichers Allé 20, 8830 Tjele, Denmark
| | - Yingying Ma
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Soil and Water Engineering in Arid and Semiarid Areas, Ministry of Education, Northwest A&F University, 712100 Yangling, Shaanxi, China; College of Water Resources and Architectural Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Weihui Road 23, 712100 Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Kiril Manevski
- Department of Agroecology, Aarhus University, Blichers Allé 20, 8830 Tjele, Denmark; Sino-Danish Center for Education and Research, Eastern Yanqihu Campus, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 380 Huaibeizhuang, 101400 Beijing, China
| | - Mathias Neumann Andersen
- Department of Agroecology, Aarhus University, Blichers Allé 20, 8830 Tjele, Denmark; Sino-Danish Center for Education and Research, Eastern Yanqihu Campus, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 380 Huaibeizhuang, 101400 Beijing, China
| | - Yue Li
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Soil and Water Engineering in Arid and Semiarid Areas, Ministry of Education, Northwest A&F University, 712100 Yangling, Shaanxi, China; College of Water Resources and Architectural Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Weihui Road 23, 712100 Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zhenhua Wei
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Soil and Water Engineering in Arid and Semiarid Areas, Ministry of Education, Northwest A&F University, 712100 Yangling, Shaanxi, China; College of Water Resources and Architectural Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Weihui Road 23, 712100 Yangling, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Fulai Liu
- Department of Plant and Environmental Science, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Højbakkegaard Alle 13, 2630 Taastrup, Denmark; Sino-Danish Center for Education and Research, Eastern Yanqihu Campus, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 380 Huaibeizhuang, 101400 Beijing, China.
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Xing L, Qin W, Manevski K, Zhang Y, Hu C, Zhang L, Dong W, Wang Y, Li X, Gaudel G, Qin S. An improved microelectrode method reveals significant emission of nitrous oxide from the rhizosphere of a long-term fertilized soil in the North China Plain. Sci Total Environ 2021; 783:147011. [PMID: 34088146 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.147011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Revised: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Microsensors are able to accurately quantify nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions in microenvironments at high spatio-temporal resolution; yet, limited studies have been conducted on agricultural soils due to the inability to obtain electrical signal under conditions of low soil moisture. This study improved the calibration of a microelectrode for measuring N2O emissions from agricultural soil. The microelectrode was applied to evaluate the effect of long-term fertilization with mineral fertilizer (NPK), complemented with pig manure (MNPK), straw (SNPK), or without fertilizer (CK), all with and without urea addition, on N2O emissions from the soil, with explicit separation of the rhizosphere and the bulk soil compartments. The use of soil solution instead of pure water for calibration of the microelectrode doubled the signal and significantly improved the sensor sensitivity. The optimal electrolytic concentration of the soil solution, expressed as water: soil ratio, was found at the maximum vertex of the quadratic equation fitted on the slope values of the calibration equations for different soil solutions. The application of the calibrated microelectrode revealed significantly higher N2O emission from the rhizosphere compared to the bulk soil, accounting for 60% of the total emission. For the bulk soil, MNPK significantly increased N2O emissions compared to SNPK and NPK, whereas the differences between these treatments for the rhizosphere soil were insignificant. The statistical modeling revealed significant relation of the N2O emission with soil inorganic nitrogen contents and an additive effect of treatment (MNPK and SNPK), urea addition and rhizosphere soil. This study provides novel insights into the use of microelectrodes for measuring N2O emissions from the soil microenvironment and also points on the rhizosphere compartment and the management practices of agroecosystems able to reduce the N2O emission from agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Xing
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Water Resources, Hebei Key Laboratory of Soil Ecology, Center for Agricultural Resources Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 286 Huaizhong Road, Shijiazhuang 050021, China; Hebei Agricultural University, No.289 Lingyusi Street, Baoding 071001, China
| | - Wei Qin
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, National Academy of Agricultural Green Development, Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, 100193 Beijing, China
| | - Kiril Manevski
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Water Resources, Hebei Key Laboratory of Soil Ecology, Center for Agricultural Resources Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 286 Huaizhong Road, Shijiazhuang 050021, China; Department of Agroecology, Aarhus University, 8830 Tjele, Denmark; Sino-Danish Center for Education and Research, Eastern Yanqihu Campus, 101200 Beijing, China
| | - Yuming Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Water Resources, Hebei Key Laboratory of Soil Ecology, Center for Agricultural Resources Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 286 Huaizhong Road, Shijiazhuang 050021, China.
| | - Chunsheng Hu
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Water Resources, Hebei Key Laboratory of Soil Ecology, Center for Agricultural Resources Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 286 Huaizhong Road, Shijiazhuang 050021, China
| | - Lijuan Zhang
- Hebei Agricultural University, No.289 Lingyusi Street, Baoding 071001, China.
| | - Wenxu Dong
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Water Resources, Hebei Key Laboratory of Soil Ecology, Center for Agricultural Resources Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 286 Huaizhong Road, Shijiazhuang 050021, China
| | - Yuying Wang
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Water Resources, Hebei Key Laboratory of Soil Ecology, Center for Agricultural Resources Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 286 Huaizhong Road, Shijiazhuang 050021, China
| | - Xiaoxin Li
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Water Resources, Hebei Key Laboratory of Soil Ecology, Center for Agricultural Resources Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 286 Huaizhong Road, Shijiazhuang 050021, China
| | - Gokul Gaudel
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Water Resources, Hebei Key Laboratory of Soil Ecology, Center for Agricultural Resources Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 286 Huaizhong Road, Shijiazhuang 050021, China
| | - Shuping Qin
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Water Resources, Hebei Key Laboratory of Soil Ecology, Center for Agricultural Resources Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 286 Huaizhong Road, Shijiazhuang 050021, China
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Manevski K, Jakobsen M, Kongsted AG, Georgiadis P, Labouriau R, Hermansen JE, Jørgensen U. Effect of poplar trees on nitrogen and water balance in outdoor pig production - A case study in Denmark. Sci Total Environ 2019; 646:1448-1458. [PMID: 30235630 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.07.376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2018] [Revised: 07/26/2018] [Accepted: 07/26/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Nitrate leaching from outdoor pig production is a long-standing environmental problem for surface and groundwater pollution. In this study, the effects of inclusion of poplar trees in paddocks for lactating sows on nitrogen (N) balances were studied for an organic pig farm in Denmark. Vegetation conditions, soil water and nitrate dynamics were measured in poplar and grass zones of paddocks belonging to main treatments: access to trees (AT), no access to trees (NAT) and a control without trees (NT), during the hydrological year April 2015 to April 2016. Soil water drainage for each zone, simulated by two simulation models (CoupModel and Daisy), was used to estimate nitrate leaching from the zones in each paddock. N balances (input minus output) for the treatments were computed and compared. The results showed that, in terms of annual water balance and regardless of treatment, simulated evapotranspiration of poplar was 560-569 and 489-498 mm for CoupModel and Daisy, respectively, and corresponding evapotranspiration of grass-clover was 250 and 400 mm, against precipitation of 1076 mm. Simulated drainage below the root zone varied as 620-723 mm for Daisy and 568-958 mm for CoupModel, the higher end of the latter being probably overestimated. Annual nitrate leaching ranged from 32 kg N ha-1 in the poplar zone of NAT up to 289 kg N ha-1 in the control grass zone of NT. The poplar zone showed significantly lower nitrate leaching, by 75-80%, compared to the grass zone. For the control NT treatment, nitrate leaching was approximately 50% higher in the grass zone closest to the hut compared to the grass zone further away. NT treatment also had the largest surface N balance of 468 kg N ha-1 compared to 436 and 397 kg N ha-1 for AT and NAT, respectively. When N losses by leaching and volatilisation were included, soil N balances were 118, 157 and 113 kg N ha-1 for AT, NAT and NT, respectively. Overall, the two simulation models were found useful tools for analyses of water balance for complex agroforestry systems. The findings collectively suggest that it is possible to decrease nitrate leaching from outdoor pig production on sandy soils by inclusion of poplar trees. Additional measures are nevertheless needed to reduce N losses on a mean area basis in paddocks with 20% tree cover.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiril Manevski
- Department of Agroecology, Aarhus University, Blichers Allé 20, 8830 Tjele, Denmark.
| | - Malene Jakobsen
- Department of Agroecology, Aarhus University, Blichers Allé 20, 8830 Tjele, Denmark.
| | - Anne Grete Kongsted
- Department of Agroecology, Aarhus University, Blichers Allé 20, 8830 Tjele, Denmark.
| | - Petros Georgiadis
- Department of Geosciences and Natural Resource Management, Copenhagen University, Rolighedsvej 23, 1958 Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Rodrigo Labouriau
- Department of Mathematics, Aarhus University, Ny Munkegade 118, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark.
| | - John Erik Hermansen
- Department of Agroecology, Aarhus University, Blichers Allé 20, 8830 Tjele, Denmark.
| | - Uffe Jørgensen
- Department of Agroecology, Aarhus University, Blichers Allé 20, 8830 Tjele, Denmark.
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Manevski K, Lærke PE, Olesen JE, Jørgensen U. Nitrogen balances of innovative cropping systems for feedstock production to future biorefineries. Sci Total Environ 2018; 633:372-390. [PMID: 29579649 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.03.155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2017] [Revised: 03/13/2018] [Accepted: 03/15/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kiril Manevski
- Aarhus University Centre for Circular Bioeconomy, Department of Agroecology, Aarhus University, Blichers Allé 20, 8830 Tjele, Denmark.
| | - Poul E Lærke
- Aarhus University Centre for Circular Bioeconomy, Department of Agroecology, Aarhus University, Blichers Allé 20, 8830 Tjele, Denmark.
| | - Jørgen E Olesen
- Aarhus University Centre for Circular Bioeconomy, Department of Agroecology, Aarhus University, Blichers Allé 20, 8830 Tjele, Denmark.
| | - Uffe Jørgensen
- Aarhus University Centre for Circular Bioeconomy, Department of Agroecology, Aarhus University, Blichers Allé 20, 8830 Tjele, Denmark.
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