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Cheng C, Tian W, Wu Y, Wei J, Yang L, Wei Y, Jiang J. Microplastics have additive effects on cadmium accumulation and toxicity in Rice flower carp (Procypris merus). THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 930:172679. [PMID: 38677436 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Revised: 03/30/2024] [Accepted: 04/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024]
Abstract
Procypris merus, a local fish species found in Guangxi, China is often exposed to both microplastics (MPs) and Cd. However, it remains unclear how these two pollutants affect P. merus. Therefore, we investigated the effects of MPs on Cd accumulation in P. merus. To this end, P. merus was separately exposed to Cd and MPs (500 μg/L) or their combination for 14 days. We found that MPs enhanced Cd accumulation in liver and gills of P. merus. Further, both the single-contaminant (MP and Cd) and combined treatments resulted in lesions in these two tissues, with more severe damage associated with the combined treatment. Even though the effect of MP on the antioxidant defense system of P. merus was limited, the Cd-only and combined treatments considerably affected the antioxidant parameters of P. merus, with the combined treatment showing a stronger effect. GO and KEGG analyses revealed that the differentially expressed genes (DEGs; TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand receptor, trail-r) in the Cd-only treatment group were enriched for immune-related GO terms and cell growth and death related pathways, indicating that Cd toxicity affected immune defense in P. merus. The MP-only treatment downregulated DEGs (acyl-CoA synthetase long chain family member 1a, acsl1a) related to lipid metabolism, possibly leading to lipid accumulation in the liver. The combined treatment also upregulated DEGs (aspartate aminotransferase 1, ast 1) associated with immune-related GO terms and amino acid metabolism pathways, suggesting that it affected immune function in P. merus, thereby negatively impacting its health. Results indicated that MPs have additive effects on Cd accumulation and toxicity in rice flower carp. Consequently, MPs ingested by P. merus can promote Cd accumulation, more adverse effects on the health may occur after combined exposure, which can eventually reach humans through the food chain and pose potential risks to human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunxing Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection, Guangxi Normal University, Ministry of Education, Guilin 541006, China
| | - Wenfei Tian
- College of Intelligent Medicine and Biotechnology, Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Yangyang Wu
- Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection, Guangxi Normal University, Ministry of Education, Guilin 541006, China
| | - Jinyou Wei
- Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection, Guangxi Normal University, Ministry of Education, Guilin 541006, China
| | - Liu Yang
- Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection, Guangxi Normal University, Ministry of Education, Guilin 541006, China
| | - Yuwei Wei
- Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection, Guangxi Normal University, Ministry of Education, Guilin 541006, China
| | - Jiaoyun Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection, Guangxi Normal University, Ministry of Education, Guilin 541006, China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Rare and Endangered Animal Ecology, Gangxi Normal University, Guilin 541006, China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Guangxi Veterinary Research Institute, Nanning 530001, China.
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Ravi R, Athisuyambulingam M, Kanagaraj S, Tresnakova N, Impellitteri F, Viswambaran G, Faggio C. Impact of Chlorpyrifos on Cytopathological Indices in Mangrove Crab, Episesarma tetragonum (Fabricius). Vet Sci 2023; 10:vetsci10010053. [PMID: 36669054 PMCID: PMC9861349 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci10010053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Revised: 01/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Chlorpyrifos is an organophosphate insecticide occurring in aquatic ecosystems. Due to exposure to xenobiotics, several harmful effects on aquatic organisms are noticed worldwide. Mangrove crabs are an ecologically important aquatic invertebrate species in food web interactions and in the mangrove ecosystem. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the cytotoxic effects of chlorpyrifos on the mangrove crab, Episesarma tetragonum. Crabs were exposed to 0.0294 and 0.0588 ppm of chlorpyrifos for 7 and 28 days. Cytopathologic effects on the gill, hepatopancreas, and muscle were investigated, and observations were compared with a control group. The results suggest that chlorpyrifos induces time- and concentration-dependent cytopathological alternations in the gill and exhibited epithelial lifting, oedema, necrosis, and a fusion of secondary lamellae and haemorrhage. The deceased hepatopancreas showed infiltration, a large lumen formation, and the disappearance of haemocytes, while the muscle tissue showed atrophy, necrosis, a wavy appearance, an accumulation of granular material between muscle fibres, and fragmentation in a mangrove crab. This study shows the great potential of cytopathological investigations, allows us to assess the sensitivity of various aquatic animal species to potentially dangerous compounds, and calculates safe concentrations with which to reduce pesticide use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajesh Ravi
- PG & Research Department of Zoology, Khadir Mohideen College, Affiliated to Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, Thanjavur Dist, Adirampattinam 614701, India
| | - Maharajan Athisuyambulingam
- PG & Research Department of Zoology, Khadir Mohideen College, Affiliated to Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, Thanjavur Dist, Adirampattinam 614701, India
| | - Shanmugavel Kanagaraj
- PG & Research Department of Zoology, Khadir Mohideen College, Affiliated to Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, Thanjavur Dist, Adirampattinam 614701, India
| | - Nikola Tresnakova
- Research Institute of Fish Culture and Hydrobiology, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, University of South Bohemia in Ceske Budejovice, Zatisi 728/II, 389 25 Vodnany, Czech Republic
| | - Federica Impellitteri
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Messina, Polo Universitario dell’Annunziata, 98168 Messina, Italy
| | - Ganapiriya Viswambaran
- PG & Research Department of Zoology, Khadir Mohideen College, Affiliated to Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, Thanjavur Dist, Adirampattinam 614701, India
| | - Caterina Faggio
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno, d’Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
- Correspondence:
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Bavia L, Santiesteban-Lores LE, Carneiro MC, Prodocimo MM. Advances in the complement system of a teleost fish, Oreochromisniloticus. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2022; 123:61-74. [PMID: 35227880 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2022.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Revised: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
As the earliest known vertebrate possessing a complete immune system, teleost fish played an important role in the evolution of this system. The complement system is an ancient defense mechanism present in invertebrates and vertebrates. In teleost fish the complement system is formed by more than 35 circulating proteins, or found at the cell surface. This system is activated by three pathways: alternative, classical and lectin, generating functions such as the opsonization, lysis and modulation of the innate and adaptive immune responses. The complement system is an important immunological indicator that can be used to study and monitor the effects of environmental, nutritional, and infectious processes. The Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) is a teleost fish of great economic interest due to its characteristics of easy cultivation, high growth rates, and tolerance to adverse environmental conditions. In addition, Nile tilapia is an excellent model for ecotoxicological studies, however, there are very few studies reporting the performance of the complement system in this species after exposure to environmental pollutants. The aim of this review is to gather recent studies with to address the molecular and functional characterizations of the complement system in Nile tilapia and provide new insights about this defense mechanism. Looking to the future, we believe that the complement system analysis in Tilapia can be used as a biomarker of water quality and the general health status of fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorena Bavia
- Departamento de Biologia Celular, Setor de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal Do Paraná, Caixa Postal 19031, CEP 81531-970, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Lazara Elena Santiesteban-Lores
- Departamento de Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo, CEP 05508-000, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Milena Carvalho Carneiro
- Departamento de Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo, CEP 05508-000, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Maritana Mela Prodocimo
- Departamento de Biologia Celular, Setor de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal Do Paraná, Caixa Postal 19031, CEP 81531-970, Curitiba, PR, Brazil.
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Saquib Q, Siddiqui MA, Ansari SM, Alwathnani HA, Musarrat J, Al-Khedhairy AA. Cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of methomyl, carbaryl, metalaxyl, and pendimethalin in human umbilical vein endothelial cells. J Appl Toxicol 2021; 41:832-846. [PMID: 33427323 DOI: 10.1002/jat.4139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2020] [Revised: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Pesticides have adverse effects on the cellular functionality, which may trigger myriad of health consequences. However, pesticides-mediated toxicity in the endothelial cells (ECs) is still elusive. Hence, in this study, we have used human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) as a model to quantify the cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of four pesticides (methomyl, carbaryl, metalaxyl, and pendimethalin). In the MTT assay, HUVECs exposed to methomyl, carbaryl, metalaxyl, and pendimethalin demonstrated significant proliferation inhibition only at higher concentrations (500 and 1000 μM). Likewise, neutral red uptake (NRU) assay also showed proliferation inhibition of HUVECs at 500 and 1000 μM by the four pesticides, confirming lysosomal fragility. HUVECs exposed to the four pesticides significantly increased the level of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS). Comet assay and flow cytometric data exhibited DNA damage and apoptotic cell death in HUVECs after 24 h of exposure with methomyl, metalaxyl, carbaryl, and pendimethalin. This is a first study on HUVECs signifying the cytotoxic-genotoxic and apoptotic potential of carbamate insecticides (methomyl and carbaryl), fungicide (metalaxyl), and herbicide (pendimethalin). Overall, these pesticides may affect ECs functions and angiogenesis; nonetheless, mechanistic studies are warranted from the perspective of vascular biology using in vivo test models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quaiser Saquib
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maqsood A Siddiqui
- DNA Research Chair, Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sabiha M Ansari
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hend A Alwathnani
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Javed Musarrat
- Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Department of Agricultural Microbiology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Tao Y, Yang Y, Jiao Y, Wu S, Zhu G, Akindolie MS, Zhu T, Qu J, Wang L, Zhang Y. Monobutyl phthalate (MBP) induces energy metabolism disturbances in the gills of adult zebrafish (Danio rerio). ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2020; 266:115288. [PMID: 32795888 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.115288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2020] [Revised: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Monobutyl phthalate (MBP) is a primary metabolite of an environmental endocrine disruptor dibutyl phthalate (DBP), which poses a potential threat to living organisms. In this research, the acute toxicity of MBP on energy metabolism in zebrafish gills was studied. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) results show that 10 mg L-1 MBP can induce mitochondrial structural damage of chloride cells after 96 h of continuous exposure. The activity of ion ATPase and the expression level of oxidative phosphorylation-related genes suggest that MBP interferes with ATP synthesis and ion transport. Further leading to a decrease in mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) and cell viability, thereby mediating early-stage cell apoptosis. Through a comprehensive analysis of principal component analysis (PCA) and integrated biomarker response (IBR) scores, atp5a1, a subunit of mitochondrial ATP synthase, is mainly inhibited by MBP, followed by genes encoding ion ATPase (atp1b2 and atp2b1). Importantly, MBP inhibits aerobic metabolism by inhibiting the key enzyme malate dehydrogenase (MDH) in the TCA cycle, forcing zebrafish to maintain ATP supply by enhancing anaerobic metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Tao
- School of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, PR China
| | - Yang Yang
- School of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, PR China
| | - Yaqi Jiao
- School of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, PR China
| | - Song Wu
- School of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, PR China
| | - Guangxue Zhu
- School of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, PR China
| | - Modupe Sarah Akindolie
- School of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, PR China
| | - Tong Zhu
- School of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, PR China
| | - Jianhua Qu
- School of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, PR China
| | - Lei Wang
- School of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, PR China
| | - Ying Zhang
- School of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, PR China.
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